A tool quick replacement device for a five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tool quick replacement device for a five-axis machine tool, which includes a machine tool body, a spindle head, a mounting seat arranged on the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head, two tool magazine mechanisms respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle head and used for carrying tools, two fixing mechanisms arranged on the mounting seat and respectively used for cooperating with the two tool magazine mechanisms, a driving mechanism arranged on the mounting seat and used for driving one fixing mechanism to cooperate with the corresponding tool magazine mechanism while driving the other fixing mechanism to cooperate with the spindle head, two tool changing mechanisms arranged on the mounting seat and respectively used for changing tools between each tool magazine mechanism and the corresponding fixing mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism arranged between the fixing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism and used for cleaning the tools during the tool changing process of the tool changing mechanism. The present invention solves the problems of low cutting efficiency, low tool changing efficiency, low automation degree of the existing machine tool tool magazine, and difficulty in cleaning the debris on the tools during the machining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly to a device for quickly replacing tools in a tool magazine of a five-axis machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In numerical control equipment, as an important product of machining equipment, a numerical control machine tool can better solve the problems of machining parts with complexity, precision, small batch sizes, and multiple varieties. It is a flexible and highly efficient automated machine tool, representing the development direction of modern machine tool control technology and being a typical mechatronic product. The machining of a complete product usually requires the use of different types and diameters of tools to be completed, which requires the equipment to support the tool magazine function and realize the selection of different tools by executing a tool change command during the automatic machining process. The tool magazine is widely used in the machining centers of numerical control machining fields. During the tool change process, according to the mechanical and electrical structures of the tool magazine, the numerical control system can output some logical signals to meet the technological requirements of the tool magazine.

[0003] The patent document with the patent number CN107791073A discloses a machine tool that has a tool magazine with a holding part for holding tools. The machine tool includes: a spindle head; a column; a tool magazine having a holding part; and a bracket that connects the column and the tool magazine. The bracket connects the tool magazine and the column in such a way that the tool magazine can move in the direction opposite to the column. The spindle head has a remote cam extending in the lifting direction, and the holding part has a remote cam follower that abuts against the remote cam when the spindle head moves up and down. The holding part is fixed to the tool magazine in a manner that it can swing relative to the tool magazine. The machine tool has a moving mechanism for moving the tool magazine in the direction opposite to the column. The machine tool can expand the moving range of the spindle head and improve the degree of freedom during workpiece machining.

[0004] However, during the actual use process, the inventor found that when the existing tool magazine needs to switch tools for machining parts, the tool magazine sometimes needs to rotate a large angle, reducing the tool changing efficiency. And when the tool magazine needs to change tools during the machining of different parts on the machine tool, during the operation, first rotate the tool magazine to a position where a specific angle is formed between the tool to be replaced and the spindle head, then the worker manually opens the fixing mechanism (i.e., the above-mentioned holding part) for fixing the tool to forcefully remove the old tool, and then aligns the engaging opening and the trapezoidal groove on the new tool with the engaging block and the connecting part in the fixing mechanism respectively and presses them into the fixing mechanism to complete the tool change. The degree of automation is low, and the tool magazine data needs to be rearranged after the tool change, resulting in low tool changing efficiency. The tool magazine is directly exposed in the machining area, and debris will adhere to each tool during the machining process and is not easy to clean, which will affect the service life of the tool after long-term use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art. By providing a driving mechanism to drive two fixing mechanisms to cooperate with the spindle head, the tool changing mechanism, and the tool magazine mechanism respectively, the cutting tool and the tool change can be carried out simultaneously, avoiding excessive rotation angle during cutting, and having high cutting efficiency. By providing a cleaning mechanism to clean the debris on the tool during the tool change process, it is possible to prevent the debris on the tool from falling onto the tool magazine mechanism and affecting normal operation, and also to prevent the debris on the tool from affecting the machining work, making it easy to clean the debris on the tool being replaced during the machining process. By providing a positioning component to cooperate with the grasping component and the detection component, while realizing the automatic tool change of the driving mechanism, the accuracy of tool installation is improved, and the degree of automation is high, and the tool change efficiency is high. Thus, the problems of low cutting efficiency, low tool change efficiency, low degree of automation, and difficulty in cleaning the debris on the tool during the machining process of the existing tool magazine for machine tools are solved.

[0006] For the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted: A rapid tool change device for a five-axis machine tool tool magazine, including a machine tool body, a spindle head, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the tool, and further including:

[0007] A mounting seat provided on the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head, two tool magazine mechanisms respectively provided on both sides of the spindle head and used for carrying the tool, two fixing mechanisms provided on the mounting seat and respectively used for cooperating with the two tool magazine mechanisms, a driving mechanism provided on the mounting seat and used for driving one of the fixing mechanisms to cooperate with the corresponding tool magazine mechanism while driving the other fixing mechanism to cooperate with the spindle head, two tool change mechanisms provided on the mounting seat and respectively used for changing the tool between each tool magazine mechanism and the corresponding fixing mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism provided between the fixing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism and used for cleaning the tool during the tool change process of the tool change mechanism;

[0008] The tool change mechanism includes a positioning component provided on the mounting seat and used for positioning the engaging port on the tool, a grasping component provided on the mounting seat and used for grasping the tool and installing it on the fixing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism, and a detection component provided on the grasping component and used for detecting whether the tool is installed in place.

[0009] Preferably, the grasping component includes a first telescopic rod provided on the mounting seat, two grasping arms rotatably provided at the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod and used for grasping the tool, a first elastic member provided on the first telescopic rod and used for forcing the two grasping arms to grip the tool, a pushing arm provided on the grasping arm and used for squeezing the tool to push the grasping arm to open, and a limiting block rotatably provided at the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod along the direction of approaching or departing from the tool and used for connecting the engaging port to limit the rotation of the tool.

[0010] Preferably, the detection assembly includes an adjusting member disposed on the first telescopic rod for adjusting the elastic force of the first elastic member, a second telescopic rod disposed on the first telescopic rod, a guiding groove disposed on the first telescopic rod, a connecting seat slidably disposed in the guiding groove and on the second telescopic rod for mounting the limiting block, a second elastic member disposed on the connecting seat for forcing the limiting block to rotate towards the cutting tool, and a push rod disposed on the second telescopic rod and cooperating with the connecting seat to slide and push the limiting block to rotate away from the cutting tool. When the connecting seat is forced to slide towards the cutting tool through the second telescopic rod until the limiting block is connected to the engaging opening, the guiding groove forces the engaging opening to rotate along the axial direction of the cutting tool with the connecting seat. When the connecting seat is forced to slide away from the cutting tool through the second telescopic rod until the limiting block is separated from the engaging opening, the push rod pushes the limiting block to rotate away from the cutting tool.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning brush disposed on the outer side of the first telescopic rod for brushing off debris on the cutting tool, a chip removing assembly disposed on the outer side of the first telescopic rod for removing debris on the cleaning brush, and a transmission assembly disposed on the cleaning brush and the chip removing assembly for driving the cleaning brush and the chip removing assembly to work with the telescopic movement of the first telescopic rod.

[0012] Preferably, the chip removing assembly includes a blower pipe disposed on the mounting seat and blowing air towards the cleaning brush and the cutting tool, an air tank communicated with the blower pipe, a piston slidably disposed inside the air tank, a cover plate rotatably disposed in the air tank for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet on the air tank, and a third elastic member disposed on the air tank for forcing the cover plate to close the air inlet.

[0013] Preferably, a driving rack is provided on the side surface of the first telescopic rod;

[0014] The transmission assembly includes a transmission gear disposed on the cleaning brush and meshing with the driving rack, an eccentric column disposed at a position deviating from the axis on the cleaning brush, and a transmission rod with one end rotatably connected to the eccentric column and the other end rotatably connected to the piston.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning assembly includes two positioning blocks rotatably arranged on the mounting base along the direction of approaching or departing from the tool and used for connecting and positioning the engaging opening, a fourth elastic member arranged on the positioning block and used for forcing the positioning block to be connected to the engaging opening, a third telescopic rod rotatably arranged on the mounting base, a clamping arm rotatably arranged at the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod, and a push rod with two ends respectively hinged to the body of the third telescopic rod and the clamping arm and used for controlling the opening and closing of the clamping arm as the third telescopic rod expands and contracts. When the third telescopic rod extends, the push rod pulls the clamping arm to close until the tool is clamped. When the third telescopic rod contracts, the push rod pushes the clamping arm to open and pushes the positioning block to rotate away from the engaging groove.

[0016] Preferably, the mounting base includes a first mounting plate connected to the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head, two second mounting plates respectively arranged on both sides of the first mounting plate and respectively used for mounting the tool magazine mechanism, a first baffle plate arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate and used for separating the spindle head from the tool magazine mechanism, a communication port arranged on the first baffle plate and capable of being opened and closed, and a second baffle plate arranged on the second mounting plate and forming a debris channel with the first baffle plate. The communication port is used for the tool changing mechanism to perform tool changing operations, and the debris channel is used for collecting the debris cleaned out by the cleaning mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the tool magazine mechanism includes a conveying assembly arranged on the mounting base, a plurality of bearing seats arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction of the conveying assembly and used for carrying the tool, a trapezoidal protrusion arranged at the bottom of the bearing groove of the bearing seat and connected to the trapezoidal groove on the tool, a limiting member slidably arranged at the opening of the bearing groove and used for cooperating with the trapezoidal protrusion to limit the dislocation movement of the tool, and a fifth elastic member arranged on the bearing seat and used for forcing the limiting member to slide towards the tool.

[0018] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes an arc-shaped mounting disk rotatably arranged on the mounting base and used for mounting the fixing mechanism, a first driving member arranged on the mounting base and used for driving the arc-shaped mounting disk to rotate, and a second driving member arranged on the arc-shaped mounting disk and used for driving the fixing mechanism to rotate.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention:

[0020] (1) In the present invention, by setting a driving mechanism to drive two fixing mechanisms to cooperate with the spindle head, the tool changing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism respectively, the cutting tool and the tool changing are carried out simultaneously, avoiding excessive rotation angle during cutting, with high cutting efficiency. By setting a cleaning mechanism to clean the debris on the tool during the tool changing process, it is avoided that the debris on the tool falls on the tool magazine mechanism and affects the normal operation, and it is also avoided that the debris on the tool affects the machining work, making it easy to clean the debris on the tool being replaced during the machining process. By setting a positioning component to cooperate with the grasping component and the detection component, while realizing the automatic tool change of the driving mechanism, the accuracy of tool installation is improved, and the degree of automation is high, with high tool changing efficiency;

[0021] (2) In the present invention, by setting an adjusting member to adjust the elastic force of the first elastic member to change the grasping force of the grasping arm, the tool can be removed from the fixing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism, and at the same time, the stability of the connection between the trapezoidal groove and the connecting member on the fixing mechanism can be detected. By setting the second telescopic rod and the connecting seat to cooperate with the guiding groove, the second elastic member and the pushing rod, it not only realizes the detection of whether the engaging port is connected in place with the engaging block in the fixing mechanism, but also realizes the rotation of the limiting block;

[0022] (3) In the present invention, by setting the cleaning brush and the chip removal component to cooperate with each other, the cleaning effect of the tool is improved, and the residue of chips is avoided. By setting the transmission component to cooperate with the telescopic movement of the first telescopic rod to drive the cleaning brush and the chip removal component to work synchronously, it is avoided to set another driving source, reducing the cost.

[0023] In summary, the device has the effects of high cutting efficiency, high tool changing efficiency, high degree of automation, and easy cleaning of the debris on the tool during the machining process, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of numerical control machine tools. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool for quickly replacing tools provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 Provided by the present invention Figure 2 The partial enlarged view of part A in

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning component provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is the front view of the positioning component provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 Provided by the present invention Figure 5 The working process diagram of the positioning component in

[0031] Figure 7 This is the structural schematic diagram of the grasping component provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 Provided by the present invention Figure 7 The partial enlarged view at position B in

[0033] Figure 9 This is the front view of the grasping component provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 Provided by the present invention Figure 9 The working process diagram of the grasping component in

[0035] Figure 11 This is the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is the cross-sectional view of the cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 Provided by the present invention Figure 11 The working process diagram of the cleaning mechanism in

[0038] Figure 14 This is the structural schematic diagram of the mounting base provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 15 This is the structural schematic diagram of the bearing seat provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 16 This is the cross-sectional view of the bearing seat provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 17 This is the structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism provided by the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] As Figure 1-17 shown, a tool magazine rapid tool change device for a five-axis machine tool includes a machine tool body, a spindle head 1, and a fixing mechanism 2 for fixing a tool 8, and further includes:

[0045] A mounting base 3 disposed on the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head 1, two tool magazine mechanisms 4 respectively disposed on both sides of the spindle head 1 and used for carrying the tool 8, two fixing mechanisms 2 disposed on the mounting base 3 and respectively used for cooperating with the two tool magazine mechanisms 4, a driving mechanism 5 disposed on the mounting base 3 and used for driving one fixing mechanism 2 to cooperate with the corresponding tool magazine mechanism 4 while driving the other fixing mechanism 2 to cooperate with the spindle head 1, two tool changing mechanisms 6 disposed on the mounting base 3 and respectively used for changing tools between each tool magazine mechanism 4 and the corresponding fixing mechanism 2, and a cleaning mechanism 7 disposed between the fixing mechanism 2 and the tool magazine mechanism 4 and used for cleaning the tool 8 during the tool changing process of the tool changing mechanism 6;

[0046] The tool changing mechanism 6 includes a positioning component 61 disposed on the mounting base 3 and used for positioning the engaging port 81 on the tool 8, a grasping component 62 disposed on the mounting base 3 and used for grasping the tool 8 and installing it on the fixing mechanism 2 and the tool magazine mechanism 4, and a detection component 63 disposed on the grasping component 62 and used for detecting whether the tool 8 is installed in place.

[0047] In this embodiment, by setting the driving mechanism 5 to drive the two fixing mechanisms 2 to cooperate with the spindle head 1 and the tool changing mechanism 6 and the tool magazine mechanism 4 respectively, the cutting tool and the tool changing are carried out simultaneously, with high cutting efficiency, high automation degree, and high tool changing efficiency. By setting the cleaning mechanism 7 to clean the debris on the tool 8 during the tool changing process, it is avoided that the debris on the tool 8 falls on the tool magazine mechanism 4 and affects the normal work, and it is also avoided that the debris on the tool 8 affects the machining work, so that it is easy to clean the debris on the tool 8 being replaced during the machining process. By setting the positioning component 61 to cooperate with the grasping component 62 and the detection component 63, while the driving mechanism 5 automatically changes the tool 8, the accuracy of the tool 8 installation is improved.

[0048] Specifically, first, while the driving mechanism 5 drives a fixing mechanism 2 to cooperate with the spindle head 1 for cutting the tool, it drives another fixing mechanism 2 to rotate to the tool magazine mechanism 4 and then cooperate with the tool changing mechanism 6 for tool changing operation. The two fixing mechanisms 2 switch back and forth for cutting the tool, avoiding excessive rotation angle during cutting, with high cutting efficiency, and cutting and tool changing are carried out simultaneously, avoiding the influence of tool changing on the machining operation of the spindle head 1, enabling the spindle head 1 to work without interruption and improving the machining efficiency. Then, the grasping mechanism of the tool changing mechanism 6 can grasp the tool 8 on the fixing mechanism 2, disassemble it and install it on the tool magazine mechanism 4. During this process, the cleaning mechanism 7 synchronously cleans the debris on the tool 8, avoiding the debris on the replaced tool 8 falling on the tool magazine mechanism 4 and affecting the normal work. Then, after the tool magazine mechanism 4 transports the new tool 8 to the positioning component 61 of the tool changing mechanism 6 for positioning, the grasping component 62 can grasp the new tool 8 and install it on the fixing mechanism 2 and cooperate with the detection mechanism to detect whether the new tool 8 is installed in place. During this process, the cleaning mechanism 7 synchronously cleans the debris on the tool 8, avoiding dust and / or debris adhering to the newly installed tool 8 and affecting the machining work. The entire tool changing process has a high degree of automation and high tool changing efficiency. Finally, while the driving mechanism 5 drives the fixing mechanism 2 with the new tool 8 installed to cooperate with the spindle head 1 for cutting the tool, it can drive another fixing mechanism 2 to rotate to the tool magazine mechanism 4 and then cooperate with the tool changing mechanism 6 for tool changing operation.

[0049] It should be noted that the machine tool body itself and its installation method are both prior arts and are not shown in the drawings, so no detailed description will be given here.

[0050] Furthermore, as Figures 7-10 shown, the grasping component 62 includes a first telescopic rod 621 arranged on the mounting seat 3, two grasping arms 622 rotatably arranged on the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 621 and used for grasping the tool 8, a first elastic member arranged on the first telescopic rod 621 and used for forcing the two grasping arms 622 to tightly hold the tool 8, a pushing arm 623 arranged on the grasping arm 622 and used for cooperating with the extrusion of the tool 8 to push the grasping arm 622 to open, and a limiting block 624 rotatably arranged on the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 621 along the direction of approaching or departing from the tool 8 and used for connecting and engaging with the engaging port 81 to limit the rotation of the tool 8.

[0051] In this embodiment, by setting the grasping arm 622 to cooperate with the first elastic member and the pushing arm 623 to be mutually extruded with the tool 8 during the telescopic process of the first telescopic rod 621 to achieve opening and closing, and by setting the limiting block 624 to cooperate with the positioning component 61 to position the tool 8 to be accurately connected in the engaging port 81 during the process of the grasping arm 622 grasping the tool 8, thereby restricting and positioning between the tool 8 and the grasping arm 622, making the installation of the tool 8 on the fixing mechanism 2 by the grasping arm 622 more accurate.

[0052] Specifically, when replacing the tool 8, the first telescopic rod 621 expands and contracts, causing the pushing arm 623 to squeeze the tool 8, deforming the first elastic member, and causing the grasping arms 622 to open. Until the tool 8 moves between the two grasping arms 622, the first elastic member recovers its deformation, forcing the two grasping arms 622 to tightly grip the tool 8. During this process, under the positioning action of the positioning component 61 on the tool 8, the limiting block 624 rotates towards the tool 8 to connect to the engaging port 81, restricting the misalignment movement between the tool 8 and the grasping arms 622. When the grasping arms 622 grasp the tool 8 and install it on the fixing mechanism 2, the engaging port 81 and the trapezoidal groove 82 on the tool 8 are more accurately connected to the engaging block and the connecting member in the fixing mechanism 2.

[0053] It should be noted that, for the convenience of pushing the grasping arms 622 to open, a pushing arm 623 is provided on each grasping arm 622.

[0054] Furthermore, as Figures 7-10 shown, the detection component 63 includes an adjusting member 631 provided on the first telescopic rod 621 and used to adjust the elastic force of the first elastic member, a second telescopic rod 632 provided on the first telescopic rod 621, a guiding groove 633 provided on the first telescopic rod 621, a connecting seat 634 slidably disposed in the guiding groove 633 and on the second telescopic rod 632 and used to install the limiting block 624, a second elastic member provided on the connecting seat 634 and used to force the limiting block 624 to rotate towards the tool 8, and a pushing rod 635 provided on the second telescopic rod 632 and used to cooperate with the connecting seat 634 to slide and push the limiting block 624 to rotate away from the tool 8. And when the connecting seat 634 is forced to slide towards the tool 8 through the second telescopic rod 632 until the limiting block 624 is connected to the engaging port 81, the guiding groove 633 forces the engaging port 81 to rotate along the axial direction of the tool 8 with the connecting seat 634. When the connecting seat 634 is forced to slide away from the tool 8 through the second telescopic rod 632 until the limiting block 624 is separated from the engaging port 81, the pushing rod 635 pushes the limiting block 624 to rotate away from the tool 8.

[0055] In this embodiment, by setting the adjusting member 631 to adjust the elastic force of the first elastic member to change the grasping force of the grasping arms 622, the tool 8 can be removed from the fixing mechanism 2 and the tool magazine mechanism 4, and at the same time, the stability of the connection between the trapezoidal groove 82 and the connecting member on the fixing mechanism 2 can be detected. By setting the second telescopic rod 632 and the connecting seat 634 to cooperate with the guiding groove 633, the second elastic member, and the pushing rod 635, it not only realizes the detection of whether the engaging port 81 is connected to the engaging block in the fixing mechanism 2 in place, but also realizes the driving of the rotation of the limiting block 624.

[0056] Specifically, by adjusting the adjusting member 631 to increase the elastic force of the first elastic member, the grasping force of the grasping arm 622 is increased, so that the tool 8 can be removed from the fixing mechanism 2 and the tool magazine mechanism 4 during the telescopic movement of the first telescopic rod 621. By adjusting the adjusting member 631 to reduce the elastic force of the second elastic member, the grasping force of the grasping arm 622 is reduced until it is less than the force of the connection between the trapezoidal groove 82 and the connecting member on the fixing mechanism 2. Then, when the first telescopic rod 621 controls the grasping arm 622 to move away from the fixing mechanism 2, if the grasping arm 622 is separated from the tool 8, the connection is stable; otherwise, it is different.

[0057] When the second telescopic rod 632 forces the connecting seat 634 to slide towards the tool 8 until the limiting block 624 is connected to the engaging port 81, if the engaging port 81 rotates along the axial direction of the tool 8 in the guiding groove 633 as the connecting seat 634 moves, it indicates that the connection between the engaging port 81 and the engaging block is not in place. At this time, the grasping arm 622 removes the tool 8 from the fixing mechanism 2, and after positioning by the positioning assembly 61, the connection is re - established. If the engaging port 81 cannot rotate along the axial direction of the tool 8 in the guiding groove 633 as the connecting seat 634 moves, it indicates that the installation is in place; when the telescopic movement of the second telescopic rod 632 cooperates with the push rod 635 and the second elastic member to realize the automatic rotation of the limiting block 624.

[0058] It should be noted that the first elastic member and the second elastic member can be torsion springs, and their own structures and installation methods are prior arts, so no detailed description is given here.

[0059] In addition, the adjusting member 631 can be a motor. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the motor and the grasping arm 622. When the motor rotates, it drives one end of the torsion spring to rotate, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the torsion spring.

[0060] Furthermore, as Figures 11-13 shown, the cleaning mechanism 7 includes a cleaning brush 71 disposed outside the first telescopic rod 621 for brushing off debris on the tool 8, a debris removing component 72 disposed outside the first telescopic rod 621 for removing debris on the cleaning brush 71, and a transmission component 73 disposed on the cleaning brush 71 and the debris removing component 72 for driving the cleaning brush 71 and the debris removing component 72 to work as the first telescopic rod 621 expands and contracts.

[0061] In this embodiment, by setting the cleaning brush 71 and the debris removing component 72 to cooperate with each other, the cleaning effect on the tool 8 is improved, and debris residue is avoided. By setting the transmission component 73 to cooperate with the telescopic movement of the first telescopic rod 621 to drive the cleaning brush 71 and the debris removing component 72 to work synchronously, another driving source is avoided, and the cost is reduced.

[0062] It should be noted that the number of cleaning brushes 71 is two, and the two cleaning brushes 71 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first telescopic rod 621. Correspondingly, the number of chip removal components 72 and transmission components 73 is two.

[0063] Furthermore, as Figures 12-13 shown, the chip removal component 72 includes a blower pipe 721 arranged on the mounting base 3 and blowing air towards the cleaning brush 71 and the tool 8, an air tank 722 communicated with the blower pipe 721, a piston 723 slidably arranged inside the air tank 722, a cover plate 724 rotatably arranged inside the air tank 722 and used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet on the air tank 722, and a third elastic member arranged on the air tank 722 and used to force the cover plate 724 to close the air inlet.

[0064] In this embodiment, by arranging the blower pipe 721 in cooperation with the air tank 722 and the piston 723, air is blown towards the cleaning brush 71 and the tool 8, thereby blowing off the chips. By arranging the cover plate 724 in cooperation with the third elastic member, the air inlet is controlled to open and close as the piston 723 slides.

[0065] Specifically, when the piston 723 slides in a direction away from the blower pipe 721, the air pressure inside the air tank 722 decreases, thereby pushing the third elastic member to deform and the cover plate 724 opens, and the air flow enters the air tank 722. When the piston 723 slides in a direction close to the blower pipe 721, the third elastic member resumes deformation, the cover plate 724 closes the air inlet, the air pressure inside the air tank 722 increases, and the air flow blows off the chips towards the cleaning brush 71 and the tool 8 through the blower pipe 721.

[0066] It should be noted that the blower pipe 721 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes blowing air towards the cleaning brush 71 and the tool 8 to improve the effect of blowing off the chips;

[0067] In addition, the air inlet is arranged on the side far from the blower pipe 721 to prevent chips from entering the inside of the air tank 722.

[0068] Furthermore, as Figure 7 and Figures 12-13 shown, a driving rack 6211 is provided on the side surface of the first telescopic rod 621;

[0069] The transmission component 73 includes a transmission gear 731 arranged on the cleaning brush 71 and meshing with the driving rack 6211, an eccentric column 732 arranged at a position deviating from the axis on the cleaning brush 71, and a transmission rod 733 with one end rotatably connected to the eccentric column 732 and the other end rotatably connected to the piston 723.

[0070] In this embodiment, by arranging the driving rack 6211 in cooperation with the transmission gear 731 and the transmission rod 733, the cleaning brush 71 and the chip removal component 72 work synchronously with the telescopic movement of the first telescopic rod 621.

[0071] Specifically, when the first telescopic rod 621 expands and contracts, the driving rack 6211 drives the cleaning brush 71 to rotate with the transmission gear 731, and the cleaning brush 71 can reciprocally pull the piston 723 to move along the transmission rod 733 through the eccentric column 732.

[0072] Furthermore, as Figures 4-6 shown, the positioning assembly 61 includes two positioning blocks 611 rotatably arranged on the mounting base 3 along the direction of approaching or departing from the tool 8 and used for connecting the positioning engaging port 81, a fourth elastic member arranged on the positioning block 611 and used for forcing the positioning block 611 to connect to the engaging port 81, a third telescopic rod 612 rotatably arranged on the mounting base 3, a clamping arm 613 rotatably arranged at the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod 612, and a push-pull rod 614 with two ends respectively hinged to the body of the third telescopic rod 612 and the clamping arm 613 and used for controlling the opening and closing of the clamping arm 613 as the third telescopic rod 612 expands and contracts. When the third telescopic rod 612 extends, the push-pull rod 614 pulls the clamping arm 613 to close until the tool 8 is clamped. When the third telescopic rod 612 shortens, the push-pull rod 614 pushes the clamping arm 613 to open and pushes the positioning block 611 to rotate away from the engaging groove.

[0073] In this embodiment, after the third telescopic rod 612 expands and contracts in cooperation with the push-pull rod 614 to drive the clamping arm 613 to clamp the tool 8, the third telescopic rod 612 rotates and cooperates with the third elastic member to achieve the connection and positioning between the positioning block 611 and the engaging port 81. Meanwhile, when manually replacing the tool for the tool magazine mechanism 4, manual positioning is avoided, and the tool changing efficiency is improved.

[0074] Specifically, during use, first extend the third telescopic rod 612, and the push-pull rod 614 can pull the clamping arm 613 to close until the tool 8 is clamped. Then rotate the third telescopic rod 612 until the positioning block 611 and the engaging port 81 are connected and positioned. Finally, when the grasping assembly 62 grasps the tool 8, shorten the third telescopic rod 612, and the push-pull rod 614 pushes the clamping arm 613 to open and pushes the positioning block 611 to rotate away from the engaging groove to prevent the positioning block 611 from interfering with the movement of the grasping assembly 62 when grasping the tool 8.

[0075] It should be noted that the clamping force of the clamping arm 613 clamping the tool 8 is set small so that after the positioning block 611 and the engaging port 81 are connected and positioned, the clamping arm 613 and the tool 8 can easily be displaced and can be positioned with the positioning block 611 as the third telescopic rod 612 rotates.

[0076] Furthermore, as Figure 14As shown, the mounting base 3 includes a first mounting plate 31 connected to the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head 1, two second mounting plates 32 respectively arranged on both sides of the first mounting plate 31 and respectively used for mounting the tool magazine mechanism 4, a first baffle 33 arranged between the first mounting plate 31 and the second mounting plate 32 and used to separate the spindle head 1 and the tool magazine mechanism 4, a connecting port 34 arranged on the first baffle 33 and capable of being opened and closed, and a second baffle 36 arranged on the second mounting plate 32 and forming a debris channel 37 between the first baffle 33, and the connecting port 34 is used for the tool changing mechanism 6 to perform a tool changing operation, and the debris channel 37 is used to collect the debris cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 7.

[0077] In this embodiment, a first baffle 33 is provided to separate the machining area of ​​the spindle head 1 from the tool magazine area of ​​the tool magazine mechanism 4, so that they can be operated separately to avoid mutual interference. A second baffle 36 is provided to cooperate with the first baffle 33 to form a debris channel 37 to collect the debris cleaned out by the cleaning mechanism 7, making cleaning cleaner.

[0078] It should be noted that each area separated by the first baffle 33 is shielded by an openable and closable housing to prevent manual interference in the processing process and facilitate separate operation.

[0079] In addition, an opening and closing plate 35 for controlling the opening and closing of the communication port 34 is provided to move at the communication port 34 .

[0080] Further, if Figure 2 as well as Figures 15-16 As shown, the tool magazine mechanism 4 includes a conveying component arranged on the mounting seat 3, a plurality of supporting seats 41 arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction of the conveying component and used to carry the tool 8, a trapezoidal protrusion 42 arranged at the bottom of the supporting groove 411 of the supporting seat 41 and connected to the trapezoidal groove 82 on the tool 8, a limiting member 43 slidably arranged at the opening of the supporting groove 411 and cooperating with the trapezoidal protrusion 42 to limit the misalignment movement of the tool 8, and a fifth elastic member 44 arranged on the supporting seat 41 and used to force the limiting member 43 to slide toward the direction close to the tool 8.

[0081] In this embodiment, the support installation of the tool 8 is achieved by setting a supporting seat 41 in cooperation with the trapezoidal protrusion 42, the limit member 43 and the fifth elastic member 44 to limit the tool 8 from escaping from the supporting groove 411, and by setting a transmission component, each tool 8 is transported to the tool changing mechanism 6 along with each supporting seat 41 for tool changing.

[0082] It should be noted that the stopper 43 is a spherical structure, which facilitates extrusion and sliding with the cutter 8, thereby facilitating connection and disassembly with the cutter 8;

[0083] The third elastic member, the fourth elastic member, and the fifth elastic member 44 can be a helical spring, a torsion spring, etc. Their structures and installation methods are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0084] In addition, the conveying assembly can be conveyed by means of a chain and gear. Their structures and installation methods are all prior arts, not shown in the drawings, and will not be elaborated here.

[0085] Furthermore, as Figure 17 shown, the driving mechanism 5 includes an arc-shaped mounting plate 51 rotatably arranged on the mounting seat 3 and used for mounting the fixing mechanism 2, a first driving member 52 arranged on the mounting seat 3 and used for driving the arc-shaped mounting plate 51 to rotate, and a second driving member 53 arranged on the arc-shaped mounting plate 51 and used for driving the fixing mechanism 2 to rotate.

[0086] In this embodiment, by setting the arc-shaped mounting plate 51 in cooperation with the first driving member 52, the back-and-forth switching and conveying of the two fixing mechanisms 2 are realized. By setting the second driving member 53, the driving of the fixing mechanism 2 to rotate and open or close is realized.

[0087] It should be noted that both the first driving member 52 and the second driving member 53 can be motors. Their structures and installation methods are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0088] Working process:

[0089] First, when the driving mechanism 5 drives one fixing mechanism 2 to cooperate with the spindle head 1 for cutting, it drives the other fixing mechanism 2 to rotate to the tool magazine mechanism 4 and cooperate with the tool changing mechanism 6 for tool changing. The back-and-forth switching of the two fixing mechanisms 2 for cutting avoids excessive rotation angle during cutting, has high cutting efficiency, and cutting and tool changing are carried out simultaneously, avoiding the influence of tool changing on the machining operation of the spindle head 1, enabling the spindle head 1 to work without interruption and improving the machining efficiency.

[0090] Next, the grasping mechanism of the tool changing mechanism 6 grasps the tool 8 on the fixing mechanism 2 and disassembles it and installs it on the tool magazine mechanism 4. During this process, the cleaning mechanism 7 synchronously cleans the debris on the tool 8 to avoid the debris on the replaced tool 8 falling on the tool magazine mechanism 4 and affecting normal work.

[0091] Then, after the tool magazine mechanism 4 conveys the new tool 8 to the positioning component 61 of the tool changing mechanism 6 for positioning, the grasping component 62 grasps the new tool 8 and installs it on the fixing mechanism 2 and cooperates with the detection mechanism to detect whether the new tool 8 is installed in place. During this process, the cleaning mechanism 7 synchronously cleans the debris on the tool 8 to avoid dust and / or debris adhering to the newly installed tool 8 and affecting the machining work. The entire tool changing process has a high degree of automation and high tool changing efficiency.

[0092] Finally, while the driving mechanism 5 drives the fixing mechanism 2 with the new tool 8 replaced to cooperate with the spindle head 1 to cut the tool, it can drive another fixing mechanism 2 to rotate to the tool magazine mechanism 4 and then cooperate with the tool changing mechanism 6 to perform the tool changing operation.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front and back", "left and right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the invention.

[0094] Certainly, in this technical solution, those skilled in the art should understand that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more". That is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in other embodiments, the number of this element can be multiple. The term "one" should not be construed as a limitation on the quantity.

[0095] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art under the technical hint of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tool magazine quick tool replacement device for a five-axis machine tool, comprising a machine tool body, a spindle head and a fixing mechanism for fixing the tool, characterized in that: Also includes: A mounting seat provided on the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head, two tool magazine mechanisms respectively provided on both sides of the spindle head and used for carrying tools, two fixing mechanisms provided on the mounting seat and respectively used for cooperating with the two tool magazine mechanisms, a driving mechanism provided on the mounting seat and used for driving one fixing mechanism to cooperate with the corresponding tool magazine mechanism while driving another fixing mechanism to cooperate with the spindle head, two tool changing mechanisms provided on the mounting seat and respectively used for changing tools between each tool magazine mechanism and the corresponding fixing mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism provided between the fixing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism and used for cleaning the tools during the tool changing process of the tool changing mechanism; The tool changing mechanism comprises a positioning component arranged on the mounting seat and used to position the engaging opening on the tool, a grabbing component arranged on the mounting seat and used to grab the tool and install it on the fixing mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism, and a detection component arranged on the grabbing component and used to detect whether the tool is installed in place; The grab assembly includes a first telescopic rod disposed on the mounting seat, two grab arms rotatably disposed on the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod and used to grab the tool, a first elastic member disposed on the first telescopic rod and used to force the two grab arms to grasp the tool, a push arm disposed on the grab arm and cooperated with squeezing the tool to push the grab arms to open, a limit block rotatably disposed on the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod in a direction approaching or moving away from the tool and used to connect to the engaging opening to limit the rotation of the tool, and a second elastic member disposed on the first telescopic rod and used to force the limit block to connect to the engaging opening; The detection assembly includes an adjusting member arranged on the first telescopic rod and used for adjusting the elastic force of the first elastic member, a second telescopic rod arranged on the first telescopic rod, a guide groove arranged on the first telescopic rod, a connecting seat slidably arranged in the guide groove and on the second telescopic rod and used for installing the limit block, a second elastic member arranged on the connecting seat and used for forcing the limit block to rotate in a direction close to the tool, and a pushing rod arranged on the second telescopic rod and cooperating with the sliding of the connecting seat to push the limit block to rotate in a direction away from the tool. When the connecting seat is forced to slide in a direction close to the tool by the second telescopic rod until the limit block is connected to the engaging mouth, the guide groove forces the engaging mouth to rotate along the axial direction of the tool with the connecting seat. When the connecting seat is forced to slide in a direction away from the tool by the second telescopic rod until the limit block is separated from the engaging mouth, the pushing rod pushes the limit block to rotate in a direction away from the tool.

2. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning brush arranged on the outside of the first telescopic rod and used to brush away debris on the tool, a chip removal assembly arranged on the outside of the first telescopic rod and used to remove debris on the cleaning brush, and a transmission assembly arranged on the cleaning brush and the chip removal assembly and used to transmit the cleaning brush and the chip removal assembly to work as the first telescopic rod is extended or retracted.

3. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chip removal assembly includes an air blast pipe disposed on the mounting seat and blowing air in the direction of the cleaning brush and the tool, an air tank connected to the air blast pipe, a piston slidably disposed inside the air tank, a cover plate rotatably disposed inside the air tank and used to control the opening and closing of an air inlet on the air tank, and a third elastic member disposed on the air tank and used to force the cover plate to close the air inlet.

4. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A driving rack is provided on the side of the first telescopic rod; The transmission assembly includes a transmission gear disposed on the cleaning brush and meshed with the driving rack, an eccentric column disposed on the cleaning brush at a position deviating from the axis, and a transmission rod having one end rotatably connected to the eccentric column and the other end rotatably connected to the piston.

5. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly includes two positioning blocks rotatably arranged on the mounting seat in a direction approaching or moving away from the tool and used to connect and position the engaging opening, a fourth elastic member arranged on the positioning block and used to force the positioning block to be connected to the engaging opening, a third telescopic rod rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, a clamping arm rotatably arranged at the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod, and a push-pull rod with two ends respectively hinged to the body of the third telescopic rod and the clamping arm and controlling the opening and closing of the clamping arm as the third telescopic rod is extended and retracted, and when the third telescopic rod is extended, the push-pull rod pulls the clamping arm to close until the tool is clamped, and when the third telescopic rod is shortened, the push-pull rod pushes the clamping arm to open and pushes the positioning block to rotate in a direction away from the engaging opening.

6. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat includes a first mounting plate connected to the machine tool body and used for mounting the spindle head, two second mounting plates respectively arranged on both sides of the first mounting plate and respectively used for mounting the tool magazine mechanism, a first baffle plate arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate and used for separating the spindle head from the tool magazine mechanism, a connecting port arranged on the first baffle plate and capable of being opened and closed, and a second baffle plate arranged on the second mounting plate and forming a debris channel between the first baffle plate, and the connecting port is used for the tool changing mechanism to perform tool changing operations, and the debris channel is used to collect debris cleaned out by the cleaning mechanism.

7. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool magazine mechanism includes a conveying component arranged on the mounting seat, a plurality of bearing seats arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction of the conveying component and used to carry the tool, a trapezoidal protrusion arranged at the bottom of the bearing groove of the bearing seat and connected to the trapezoidal groove on the tool, a limiting member slidably arranged at the opening of the bearing groove and cooperating with the trapezoidal protrusion to limit the misaligned movement of the tool, and a fifth elastic member arranged on the bearing seat and used to force the limiting block to slide in a direction close to the tool.

8. The device for quickly changing tools in a tool magazine for a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes an arc-shaped mounting plate rotatably arranged on the mounting seat and used to mount the fixing mechanism, a first driving member arranged on the mounting seat and used to drive the arc-shaped mounting plate to rotate, and a second driving member arranged on the arc-shaped mounting plate and used to drive the fixing mechanism to rotate.

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