Apparatus and method for comprehensive treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for treating heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis, and belongs to the technical field of soil treatment. The device comprises a treatment box, a soil pretreatment assembly arranged in the treatment box, a steam injection assembly, a dissolving and impurity removing assembly, and an electrolytic impurity removing assembly. The steam injection assembly generates high-temperature steam to treat the soil, so that low-melting-point metals in the soil are evaporated, and radioactive heavy metals are adsorbed from the surface of the soil and diffused into the internal lattice of the soil, thereby reducing the risk to the environment. The dissolving and impurity removing assembly adds different reagents to the soil, so that the reagents and the soil are stirred to form a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is electrolyzed by an electrolysis device, so that heavy metal ions in the sludge can be effectively removed. The sludge is accelerated to precipitate under the action of the arc-shaped sedimentation block, the upward floating of the sludge is blocked by the horn-shaped baffle, the separation speed of the sludge is effectively improved, and the overall use effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil remediation technology, specifically to equipment and methods for the comprehensive remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Soil heavy metal pollution has always been a global hot topic, and with China's rapid economic development, this issue has also attracted widespread attention domestically. The content and occurrence state of heavy metals in the soil affect their bioavailability. Once heavy metals enter organisms, they cannot be degraded and have a long residence time in plants and animals. They move between organisms through the food chain, accumulating in organisms at the top of the food chain, exhibiting significant biotoxicity and hazards.

[0003] Excessive heavy metal levels in Chinese agricultural soils are closely related to geological processes. In the karst areas of Southwest China, over 80% of heavy metal contamination is caused by high regional geological background and soil weathering. Numerous studies have shown that soils formed from the weathering of carbonate rocks contain abnormally high levels of heavy metals, often exceeding safe limits. China has the world's largest karst area, with widespread carbonate rock distribution and predominantly acidic soil pH with low nutrient content. Heavy metal pollution is the dominant type of soil pollution in these areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils in karst regions, necessitating the use of specialized equipment for heavy metal pollution remediation in karst soils.

[0004] When existing karst soil heavy metal pollution treatment equipment is used, the fixed injection angle of the high-temperature steam can easily lead to uneven temperature distribution, affecting the soil treatment effect. At the same time, the mixed solution formed after adding agents has low mud-water efficiency, and the bottom sludge is easily pumped out with the supernatant, which can cause blockage of the bottom pipeline and reduce the reliability of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides equipment and methods for the integrated treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a device for the comprehensive treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis, comprising a treatment box, a soil pretreatment component, a steam injection component, a dissolution and impurity removal component, and an electrolytic impurity removal component disposed within the treatment box; the treatment box has a feeding port at the upper end, a discharging port at the bottom end, and a door on the side wall; the soil pretreatment component includes a pretreatment chamber disposed within the treatment box and located directly below the feeding port, a crushing roller disposed within the pretreatment chamber, and a filter screen disposed at the bottom end of the pretreatment chamber;

[0007] The steam injection assembly includes a horizontal injection chamber located inside the treatment chamber and connected to the bottom of the filter screen via a connecting pipe at its upper end; multiple locking interfaces located on the outer wall of the upper half of the horizontal injection chamber and spaced apart along the length of the horizontal injection chamber; a steam injection hood located at each locking interface and having multiple injection ports on its inner wall; a stirring and conveying roller located along the length of the horizontal injection chamber; a first rotary motor that drives the stirring and conveying roller to rotate; a steam collection box located inside the treatment chamber and connected to the upper end of the horizontal injection chamber; a multi-hole spray head connected to each injection port via a connecting hose; and a steam generator connected to the outer wall of the steam injection hood via a connecting pipe.

[0008] The dissolving and impurity removal assembly includes a dissolving and impurity removal chamber connected to the bottom of the horizontal spray chamber and on the side opposite to the filter screen, an addition port located at the center of the upper end of the dissolving and impurity removal chamber, a mixing and stirring roller located inside the dissolving and impurity removal chamber, and a second rotary motor that drives the mixing and stirring roller to rotate.

[0009] The electrolytic purification assembly includes an electrolytic purification chamber connected to the bottom of the dissolution and purification chamber, an electrolysis device located at the upper end of the electrolytic purification chamber, an arc-shaped sedimentation block located in the electrolytic purification chamber and at the lower end of the electrolysis device, and a liquid collection tank connected to the upper end of the electrolytic purification chamber and equipped with a liquid pump at the connection point. The bottom surface of the arc-shaped sedimentation block is provided with multiple sedimentation ports, and each sedimentation port is surrounded by a horn-shaped baffle. The discharge end of the electrolytic purification chamber is connected to the discharge port.

[0010] Furthermore, an addition box is provided at the addition port, and the addition box has multiple reagent storage chambers for adding different reagents and having addition holes at the bottom. A reagent spraying disc is provided in the dissolution and impurity removal chamber and at the bottom of the addition box. The addition holes are connected to the reagent spraying disc, and the bottom of the reagent spraying disc has multiple reagent spraying plates that correspond one-to-one with the addition holes and are interconnected. Each reagent spraying plate has multiple reagent spraying ports at its bottom.

[0011] Explanation: By setting up multiple reagent storage chambers, different agents for treating heavy metals in the soil can be added separately. After the agent is added to each reagent storage chamber, the agent will flow through the corresponding addition hole to the agent spraying plate connected to the addition hole, and then be evenly sprayed into the dissolving and impurity removal chamber through each agent spraying nozzle. This can avoid the interaction between different agents, which would reduce the efficacy and affect the soil treatment effect.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple spray plates are distributed circumferentially around the center of the spray disk, and a rotating cover is provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the spray disk. The rotating cover is connected to the center of the spray disk via a connecting shaft, and a miniature drive motor connected to the connecting shaft is provided at the center of the spray disk. Multiple adjustment holes are evenly provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover.

[0013] Instructions: When adjusting the addition rate of each pesticide, start the micro drive motor. The clockwise rotation of the micro drive motor causes the rotating cover to rotate relative to the pesticide spraying disc, causing misalignment between the adjustment hole and the pesticide spray nozzle, thus reducing the pesticide's falling rate. When increasing the pesticide addition rate, the counterclockwise rotation of the micro drive motor causes the rotating cover to rotate relative to the pesticide spraying disc, ensuring that the adjustment hole and the pesticide spray nozzle are not obstructed. This achieves the purpose of adjusting the pesticide addition rate, allowing control of the amount of pesticide added as needed. This improves soil treatment effectiveness while avoiding pesticide waste and secondary pollution.

[0014] Furthermore, a pusher block is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cleaning chamber, and the pusher block is connected to the side wall opposite to the bottom of the electrolytic cleaning chamber and the discharge end via a first electric telescopic rod.

[0015] Note: When it is necessary to push out the soil that has been electrolyzed and settled at the bottom of the electrolytic decontamination chamber, the first electric telescopic rod is activated. The extension action of the first electric telescopic rod drives the pusher block to push out the soil, ensuring that all the soil is pushed out, improving the cleanliness of the electrolytic decontamination chamber and reducing the number of cleaning times.

[0016] Furthermore, a soil testing chamber is provided between the discharge end and the discharge port of the electrolytic purification chamber. The soil testing chamber is equipped with a soil testing component, which includes a dryer disposed on the inner wall of the soil testing chamber, an installation horizontal plate connected to the top of the soil testing chamber via a second electric telescopic rod, multiple extract spray heads disposed at the bottom of the installation horizontal plate, an extract holding chamber connected to the extract spray heads via a connecting pipe and disposed outside the soil testing chamber, and a heavy metal detector disposed at the bottom of the installation horizontal plate. The bottom of the soil testing chamber is connected to the discharge port.

[0017] Instructions: After the soil enters the soil testing chamber, the dryer is activated to dry the soil. Then, the extract in the extract container is sprayed onto the soil through various extract spray nozzles. Simultaneously, the second electric telescopic rod is activated, which extends the mounting plate downwards, bringing the heavy metal detector into contact with the soil. The heavy metal detector detects the heavy metals in the soil. If the heavy metal content in the soil meets the standard, it can be discharged. If the heavy metal content exceeds the standard, the soil is discharged through the outlet and reprocessed to ensure the soil treatment effect.

[0018] Furthermore, a snap-fit ​​cover is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate and around each extract spray head. A horizontal mounting ring is provided inside each snap-fit ​​cover. A micro stirring roller is connected to the center of the horizontal mounting ring through a Y-shaped connecting frame. The micro stirring roller is connected to a micro drive motor. There are multiple heavy metal detectors, and each heavy metal detector corresponds to a snap-fit ​​cover and is located inside the snap-fit ​​cover at the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting frame.

[0019] Explanation: The second electric telescopic rod extends to move the installation plate downwards. When the bottom of the snap-fit ​​cover contacts the soil, the micro drive motor is activated, which drives the micro stirring roller to rotate, stirring the soil inside the snap-fit ​​cover. This increases the mixing degree between the extract and the soil, improving the accuracy of the test results. At the same time, the heavy metal detector is inserted into the soil to detect the remaining heavy metals, ensuring that the treated soil meets the discharge requirements.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent control component, which includes a controller electrically connected to each electrical component, an electronic touch screen located on the treatment chamber and connected to the controller, a temperature sensor located in the horizontal spray chamber, a pressure sensor located in the steam collection tank, and a liquid level sensor located in the liquid collection tank.

[0021] Description: The controller automates the operation of various electrical components, improving the intelligence of the device. The electronic touchscreen allows for convenient and intuitive observation of the operation of each electrical device and automatic start-stop operation. Temperature sensors facilitate real-time monitoring of the steam temperature in the horizontal jet chamber, ensuring that low-melting-point metals in the contaminated soil are completely evaporated and overflowed while preventing damage to internal components due to excessive temperature, thus improving the reliability of the device. Pressure sensors monitor the pressure in the steam collection tank in real time, preventing pressure buildup and explosions, thus improving the safety of the device. Liquid level sensors monitor the liquid level in the liquid collection tank in real time, facilitating timely handling.

[0022] Furthermore, the treatment box is equipped with casters at the four corners of its bottom and push rods on its side walls.

[0023] Note: The device is equipped with casters and a push rod, making it easy for staff to move the treatment box. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0024] This invention also discloses a method for the comprehensive treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis, which, based on the aforementioned equipment, includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. The contaminated soil to be treated is added into the pretreatment chamber through the feeding port, and the soil is crushed by the crushing roller. After crushing, the soil that meets the particle size requirements falls into the horizontal spraying chamber through the filter screen.

[0026] S2. After the soil falls into the horizontal spray chamber, the steam generator is started to generate high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam spray hood through the connecting pipe and is injected into the horizontal spray chamber through various spray nozzles at the bottom of the steam spray hood. When the high-temperature steam passes through the spray nozzles, the impact force of the high-temperature steam causes the connecting hose to shake, which in turn drives the multi-hole spray head to shake synchronously, so that the high-temperature steam can be sprayed in various directions when it is sprayed out from the multi-hole spray head. The high-temperature steam injected into the horizontal spray chamber causes the low-melting-point metals in the soil to evaporate, while the radioactive heavy metals will be diffusing from the soil surface to the soil lattice. The first rotary motor is started, which drives the stirring and conveying roller to rotate, stirring the soil and high-temperature steam while conveying the soil to the dissolving and removing impurities chamber. At the same time, the treated steam is recovered through the steam collection box.

[0027] S3. After the soil enters the dissolving and removing impurities chamber, water and chemicals are added to the soil through the addition port. The second rotary motor is started, which drives the mixing roller to rotate and mix the water, chemicals and soil to form a mixed solution, thereby separating the heavy metals in the soil.

[0028] S4. Pass the above mixed solution into the electrolytic purification chamber and start the electrolysis equipment. Electrolysis of the mixed solution by the electrolysis equipment can effectively remove heavy metal ions from the mud. After electrolysis, the mixed solution will accelerate precipitation under the action of the arc-shaped precipitator. At this time, the clear liquid containing heavy metals after precipitation is pumped into the liquid collection tank by the pump. By setting the funnel-shaped baffle to block the mud from floating, the separation of mud and water is accelerated. The precipitated mud is discharged through the discharge port.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] (1) The equipment for comprehensive treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis of the present invention uses a soil pretreatment component to break up larger and harder soil clods. The broken soil filter screen falls into the horizontal injection chamber. On the one hand, this can avoid damage to the treatment equipment caused by soil clods. On the other hand, it can ensure that the soil meets the particle size requirements after crushing, thereby improving the subsequent treatment effect and the treatment effect of heavy metals in the soil. The high-temperature steam generated by the steam injection component treats the soil, causing the low melting point metals in the soil to evaporate. At the same time, radioactive heavy metals will be diffusing from the soil surface adsorption to the soil internal lattice, thereby reducing the risk to the environment. When the high-temperature steam is injected, the connecting hose shakes under the impact force, which drives the multi-hole spray head to shake synchronously, so that the high-temperature steam can be sprayed to various holes when it is ejected from the multi-hole spray head. The direction greatly increases the contact area between high-temperature steam and soil, improving the treatment effect; different agents are added to the soil through the dissolving and impurity removal components, and the agents and soil are stirred to form a mixed solution. The mixed solution is then electrolyzed by the electrolysis equipment, which can effectively remove heavy metal ions from the sludge. After electrolysis, the precipitation is accelerated by the action of the arc-shaped sedimentation block. At this time, the clear liquid containing heavy metals after precipitation is pumped into the liquid collection tank by the pump. The horn-shaped baffle is set to prevent the sludge from floating, which effectively improves the sludge separation speed and improves the overall use effect. The clear liquid containing heavy metals after precipitation is pumped into the liquid collection tank by the pump. The horn-shaped baffle is set to prevent the sludge from floating, which accelerates the separation of mud and water. The precipitated sludge is discharged through the discharge port. This can effectively remove heavy metals from the soil and ensure complete treatment of heavy metals.

[0031] (2) By setting up multiple reagent storage chambers, different agents for treating heavy metals in the soil can be added separately. After the agent is added to each reagent storage chamber, the agent will flow through the corresponding addition hole to the agent spraying plate connected to the addition hole, and then be evenly sprayed into the dissolution and impurity removal chamber through each agent spraying nozzle. This can avoid the mutual influence between different agents, which would reduce the efficacy and affect the soil treatment effect. When it is necessary to adjust the addition speed of each agent, the buckle can be rotated relative to the agent spraying disc to make the adjustment hole and the agent spraying nozzle obstruct or misalign or not obstruct each other, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the agent addition rate. This can control the amount of agent added as needed, improve the soil treatment effect, and avoid agent waste and secondary pollution.

[0032] (3) After the soil enters the soil detection chamber, the extract in the extract container is sprayed onto the soil through each extract spray head, causing the installation plate to move downward. When the bottom of the snap-fit ​​cover comes into contact with the soil, the soil inside the snap-fit ​​cover is stirred by the micro stirring roller to increase the mixing degree between the extract and the soil and improve the accuracy of the detection results. At the same time, the heavy metal detector is inserted into the soil to detect the remaining heavy metal in the soil, ensuring that the treated soil achieves the discharge effect. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the horizontal jet chamber when the steam jet hood of the present invention is not installed;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the horizontal injection chamber during the installation of the steam injection hood of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the horizontal injection chamber when the steam injection hood of the present invention is installed;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the addition box and the agent spraying disc of the present invention when installed at the addition port;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a top view of the adding box of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the pharmaceutical spraying disc of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the pharmaceutical spraying disc of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the snap-fit ​​cover and the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a top view of the horizontal mounting ring of the present invention.

[0043] Among them, 1-treatment box, 10-feeding port, 11-discharge port, 12-box door, 13-moving wheel, 14-push rod, 2-soil pretreatment component, 20-pretreatment chamber, 21-crushing roller, 22-filter screen, 3-steam injection component, 30-horizontal injection chamber, 31-clamping interface, 32-steam injection hood, 320-injection port, 321-connecting hose, 322-multi-hole spray head, 323-steam generator, 33-mixing conveyor roller, 34-first rotary motor, 35-steam collection box, 4-dissolving and impurity removal component, 40-dissolving and impurity removal chamber, 41-addition port, 42-mixing roller, 43-second rotary motor, 44-addition box, 440-addition hole, 441-reagent storage chamber, 45-powder spraying disc, 450-powder spraying plate, 451-powder spraying port, 452-rotating cover, 4 53-Miniature drive motor, 454-Adjustment hole, 5-Electrolytic purification assembly, 50-Electrolytic purification chamber, 500-Pushing block, 501-First electric telescopic rod, 51-Electrolysis equipment, 52-Arc-shaped sedimentation block, 520-Sedimentation port, 53-Liquid collection tank, 521-French-shaped baffle, 530-Liquid pump, 54-Soil testing chamber, 6-Soil testing assembly, 60-Dryer, 61-Mounting horizontal plate, 610-Second electric telescopic rod, 611-Snap-on cover, 612-Horizontal mounting ring, 613-Y-type connecting frame, 614-Miniature stirring roller, 615-Miniature drive motor, 62-Extractant spray head, 63-Extractant holding chamber, 64-Heavy metal detector, 7-Intelligent control assembly, 70-Controller, 71-Electronic touch screen, 72-Temperature sensor, 73-Pressure sensor, 74-Liquid level sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the equipment for comprehensive treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis includes a treatment box 1, a soil pretreatment component 2, a steam injection component 3, a dissolution and impurity removal component 4, and an electrolytic impurity removal component 5, all located within the treatment box 1. The treatment box 1 has a feeding port 10 at the upper end and a discharge port 11 at the bottom end, and a door 12 on the side wall of the treatment box 1. The soil pretreatment component 2 includes a pretreatment chamber 20 located within the treatment box 1 and directly below the feeding port 10, a crushing roller 21 located within the pretreatment chamber 20, and a filter screen 22 located at the bottom end of the pretreatment chamber 20.

[0047] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figure 4, the steam injection assembly 3 includes a horizontal injection chamber 30 located inside the treatment chamber 1 and connected to the bottom of the filter screen 22 via a connecting pipe at its upper end; three locking interfaces 31 located on the outer wall of the upper half of the horizontal injection chamber 30 and spaced apart along the length of the horizontal injection chamber 30; a steam injection hood 32 located at each locking interface 31 and having six injection ports 320 on its inner wall; a stirring and conveying roller 33 located in the horizontal injection chamber 30 along its length; a first rotary motor 34 that drives the stirring and conveying roller 33 to rotate; a steam collection box 35 located inside the treatment chamber 1 and connected to the upper end of the horizontal injection chamber 30; a multi-hole spray head 322 connected to each injection port 320 via a connecting hose 321; and a steam generator 323 connected to the outer wall of the steam injection hood 32 via a connecting pipe.

[0048] The dissolving and impurity removal assembly 4 includes a dissolving and impurity removal chamber 40 connected to the bottom end of the horizontal spray chamber 30 and the side opposite to the filter screen 22, an addition port 41 located at the center of the upper end of the dissolving and impurity removal chamber 40, a mixing and stirring roller 42 located in the dissolving and impurity removal chamber 40, and a second rotary motor 43 that drives the mixing and stirring roller 42 to rotate.

[0049] The electrolytic purification assembly 5 includes an electrolytic purification chamber 50 connected to the bottom end of the dissolution and purification chamber 40, an electrolysis device 51 located at the upper end of the electrolytic purification chamber 50, an arc-shaped sedimentation block 52 located in the electrolytic purification chamber 50 and at the lower end of the electrolysis device 51, and a liquid collection tank 53 connected to the upper end of the electrolytic purification chamber 50 and equipped with a liquid pump 530 at the connection point. The bottom surface of the arc-shaped sedimentation block 52 is provided with 5 sedimentation ports 520, and each sedimentation port 520 is surrounded by a horn-shaped baffle 521. The discharge end of the electrolytic purification chamber 50 is connected to the discharge port 11.

[0050] The bottom end of the electrostatic cleaning chamber 50 is provided with a pusher block 500, and the pusher block 500 is connected to the side wall opposite to the bottom end and the discharge end of the electrostatic cleaning chamber 50 through the first electric telescopic rod 501.

[0051] The treatment box 1 is equipped with four casters 13 at the bottom corners and push rods 14 on the side wall of the treatment box 1.

[0052] Among them, the first rotary motor 34, steam generator 323, second rotary motor 43, electrolysis equipment 51, liquid pump 530 and first electric telescopic rod 501 are all commercially available.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] This embodiment discloses a method for the comprehensive treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis, using the equipment of Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. The treatment box 1 is moved to the work site by setting the moving wheel 13 and the push rod 14. Then, the contaminated soil to be treated is added into the pretreatment chamber 20 through the feeding port 10, and the soil is crushed by the crushing roller 21. After crushing, the soil that meets the particle size requirements falls into the horizontal spray chamber 30 through the filter screen 22.

[0056] S2. After the soil falls into the horizontal spray chamber 30, the steam generator 323 is started to generate high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam spray hood 32 through the connecting pipe and is sprayed into the horizontal spray chamber 30 through the various spray nozzles 320 at the bottom of the steam spray hood 32. When the high-temperature steam passes through the spray nozzles 320, the impact force of the high-temperature steam causes the connecting hose 321 to shake, which in turn drives the multi-hole spray head 322 to shake synchronously, so that the high-temperature steam can be sprayed in all directions when it is sprayed out from the multi-hole spray head 322. The high-temperature steam sprayed into the horizontal spray chamber 30 causes the low melting point metals in the soil to be evaporated. At the same time, the radioactive heavy metals will be diffusing from the soil surface to the soil lattice. The first rotary motor 34 is started to drive the stirring and conveying roller 33 to rotate, stirring the soil and high-temperature steam while conveying the soil to the dissolving and removing impurities chamber 40. At the same time, the treated steam is recovered through the steam collection box 35.

[0057] S3. When the soil enters the dissolving and removing impurities chamber 40, water and chemicals are added to the soil through the addition port 41. The second rotary motor 43 is started. The second rotary motor 43 drives the mixing roller 42 to rotate and mix the water, chemicals and soil to form a mixed solution, thereby separating the heavy metals in the soil.

[0058] S4. Pass the above mixed solution into the electrolytic purification chamber 50 and start the electrolysis equipment 51. Electrolysis of the mixed solution by the electrolysis equipment 51 can effectively remove heavy metal ions from the mud. After electrolysis, the mixed solution will accelerate precipitation under the action of the arc-shaped precipitator 52. At this time, the clear liquid containing heavy metals after precipitation is pumped into the liquid collection tank 53 by the pump 530. By setting the trumpet-shaped baffle 521 to block the sludge from floating, the separation of mud and water is accelerated. The precipitated mud sediment can be discharged through the discharge port 11.

[0059] Example 3:

[0060] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0061] like Figure 1 , 5As shown in Figure 6, an addition box 44 is provided at the addition port 41. Inside the addition box 44, there are four reagent storage chambers 441 for adding different reagents and each has an addition hole 440 at the bottom. Inside the dissolution and impurity removal chamber 40 and at the bottom of the addition box 44, there is a reagent spraying disc 45. The addition hole 440 is connected to the reagent spraying disc 45, and the bottom of the reagent spraying disc 45 has four reagent spraying plates 450 that correspond one-to-one with the addition hole 440 and are interconnected. Each reagent spraying plate 450 has three reagent spraying ports 451 at its bottom.

[0062] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, four spray plates 450 are distributed circumferentially around the center of the spray disk 45. A rotating cover 452 is provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the spray disk 45. The rotating cover 452 is connected to the center of the spray disk 45 via a connecting shaft. A miniature drive motor 453 connected to the connecting shaft is provided at the center of the spray disk 45. Fifteen adjustment holes 454 are evenly provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover 452. The miniature drive motor 453 is commercially available.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that:

[0065] By setting multiple reagent storage chambers 441, different agents for treating heavy metals in soil can be added separately. When the agent is added to each reagent storage chamber 441, the agent will flow through the corresponding addition hole 440 to the agent spraying plate 450 connected to the addition hole 440, and then be evenly sprayed into the dissolving and impurity removal chamber 40 through each agent spraying port 451.

[0066] When it is necessary to adjust the addition speed of each agent, the micro drive motor 453 is started. The clockwise rotation of the micro drive motor 453 causes the rotating cover 452 to rotate relative to the agent spraying disk 45, so that the adjustment hole 454 and the agent spraying nozzle 451 are misaligned, reducing the falling rate of the agent. When it is necessary to increase the addition speed of the agent, the counterclockwise rotation of the micro drive motor 453 causes the rotating cover 452 to rotate relative to the agent spraying disk 45, ensuring that the adjustment hole 454 and the agent spraying nozzle 451 are not obstructed, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the addition speed of the agent.

[0067] Example 5:

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that:

[0069] like Figure 1 , 9As shown in Figure 10, a soil detection chamber 54 is provided between the discharge end of the electrolytic purification chamber 50 and the discharge port 11. A soil detection assembly 6 is provided inside the soil detection chamber 54. The soil detection assembly 6 includes a dryer 60 disposed on the inner wall of the soil detection chamber 54, a mounting plate 61 connected to the top of the soil detection chamber 54 via a second electric telescopic rod 610, four extract spray heads 62 disposed at the bottom of the mounting plate 61, an extract holding chamber 63 connected to the extract spray heads 62 via connecting pipes and disposed outside the soil detection chamber 54, and a heavy metal detector at the bottom of the mounting plate 61. 64. The bottom end of the soil testing chamber 54 is connected to the discharge port 11; a snap-fit ​​cover 611 is provided at the bottom end of the mounting plate 61 and around each extract spray head 62. A horizontal mounting ring 612 is provided inside each snap-fit ​​cover 611. A micro stirring roller 614 is connected to the center of the horizontal mounting ring 612 through a Y-shaped connecting frame 613. The micro stirring roller 614 is connected to a micro drive motor 615. There are 4 heavy metal detectors 64. The 4 heavy metal detectors 64 correspond one-to-one with the snap-fit ​​cover 611 and are located inside the snap-fit ​​cover 611 and at the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting frame 613.

[0070] Among them, the dryer 60, the second electric telescopic rod 610, the heavy metal detector 64, and the miniature drive motor 615 are all commercially available.

[0071] Example 6:

[0072] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that:

[0073] After the soil enters the soil testing chamber 54, the dryer 60 is activated to dry the soil. Then, the extract in the extract holding chamber 63 is sprayed onto the soil through the extract spray heads 62. At the same time, the second electric telescopic rod 610 is activated, and the extension of the second electric telescopic rod 610 drives the mounting plate 61 to move downward. When the bottom of the fastening cover 611 contacts the soil, the micro drive motor 615 is activated, which drives the micro stirring roller 614 to rotate and stir the soil in the fastening cover 611. At the same time, the heavy metal detector 64 is inserted into the soil to detect the residual heavy metal in the soil.

[0074] Example 7:

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that:

[0076] like Figure 1As shown, it also includes an intelligent control component 7, which includes a controller 70 electrically connected to each electrical component, an electronic touch screen 71 located on the treatment box 1 and connected to the controller 70, a temperature sensor 72 located in the horizontal spray chamber 30, a pressure sensor 73 located in the steam collection box 35, and a liquid level sensor 74 located in the liquid collection box 53.

[0077] The controller 70, electronic touch screen 71, temperature sensor 72, air pressure sensor 73, and liquid level sensor 74 all adopt existing technologies.

[0078] Example 8:

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that:

[0080] The controller 70 controls the automated operation of each electrical component, the electronic touch screen 71 allows for convenient and intuitive observation of the operation of each electrical device and automatic start-stop operation, the temperature sensor 72 allows for real-time monitoring of the steam temperature in the horizontal injection chamber 30, the air pressure sensor 73 allows for real-time monitoring of the air pressure in the steam collection tank 35, and the liquid level sensor 74 allows for real-time monitoring of the liquid level in the liquid collection tank 53.

Claims

1. Equipment for the integrated treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis, characterized in that, The system includes a treatment chamber, a soil pretreatment component, a steam jet component, a dissolution and impurity removal component, and an electrolytic impurity removal component disposed within the treatment chamber. The treatment chamber has a feeding port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, and a door on the side wall. The soil pretreatment component includes a pretreatment chamber disposed within the treatment chamber and located directly below the feeding port, a crushing roller disposed within the pretreatment chamber, and a filter screen disposed at the bottom of the pretreatment chamber. The steam injection assembly includes a horizontal injection chamber located inside the treatment chamber and connected to the bottom of the filter screen via a connecting pipe at its upper end; multiple locking interfaces located on the outer wall of the upper half of the horizontal injection chamber and spaced apart along the length of the horizontal injection chamber; a steam injection hood located at each locking interface and having multiple injection ports on its inner wall; a stirring and conveying roller located along the length of the horizontal injection chamber; a first rotary motor that drives the stirring and conveying roller to rotate; a steam collection box located inside the treatment chamber and connected to the upper end of the horizontal injection chamber; a multi-hole spray head connected to each injection port via a connecting hose; and a steam generator connected to the outer wall of the steam injection hood via a connecting pipe. The dissolving and impurity removal assembly includes a dissolving and impurity removal chamber connected to the bottom of the horizontal spray chamber and on the side opposite to the filter screen, an addition port located at the center of the upper end of the dissolving and impurity removal chamber, a mixing and stirring roller located inside the dissolving and impurity removal chamber, and a second rotary motor that drives the mixing and stirring roller to rotate. The electrolytic purification assembly includes an electrolytic purification chamber connected to the bottom of the dissolution and purification chamber, an electrolysis device located at the upper end of the electrolytic purification chamber, an arc-shaped sedimentation block located in the electrolytic purification chamber and at the lower end of the electrolysis device, and a liquid collection tank connected to the upper end of the electrolytic purification chamber and equipped with a liquid pump at the connection point. The bottom surface of the arc-shaped sedimentation block is provided with multiple sedimentation ports, and each sedimentation port is surrounded by a horn-shaped baffle. The discharge end of the electrolytic purification chamber is connected to the discharge port. A soil testing chamber is provided between the discharge end and the discharge port of the electrolytic purification chamber. A soil testing assembly is provided inside the soil testing chamber. The soil testing assembly includes a dryer on the inner wall of the soil testing chamber, an installation horizontal plate connected to the top of the soil testing chamber via a second electric telescopic rod, multiple extract spray heads at the bottom of the installation horizontal plate, an extract holding chamber connected to the extract spray heads via a connecting pipe and located outside the soil testing chamber, and a heavy metal detector at the bottom of the installation horizontal plate. The bottom of the soil testing chamber is connected to the discharge port. A snap-fit ​​cover is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate and around each extract spray head. A horizontal mounting ring is provided inside each snap-fit ​​cover. A micro stirring roller is connected to the center of the horizontal mounting ring through a Y-shaped connecting frame. The micro stirring roller is connected to a micro drive motor. There are multiple heavy metal detectors. Each heavy metal detector corresponds to a snap-fit ​​cover and is located inside the snap-fit ​​cover at the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting frame.

2. The equipment for comprehensive treatment of soil heavy metal pollution based on steam injection and electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, An addition box is provided at the addition port. The addition box contains multiple reagent storage chambers for adding different reagents and each chamber has an addition hole at the bottom. A reagent spraying disc is provided in the dissolution and impurity removal chamber at the bottom of the addition box. The addition hole is connected to the reagent spraying disc. The bottom of the reagent spraying disc has multiple reagent spraying plates that correspond one-to-one with the addition hole and are interconnected. Each reagent spraying plate has multiple reagent spraying ports at its bottom.

3. The equipment for comprehensive treatment of soil heavy metal pollution based on steam injection and electrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple pesticide spraying plates are distributed circumferentially around the center of the pesticide spraying disc. A rotating cover is provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the pesticide spraying disc. The rotating cover is connected to the center of the pesticide spraying disc via a connecting shaft. A miniature drive motor connected to the connecting shaft is provided at the center of the pesticide spraying disc. Multiple adjustment holes are evenly provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover.

4. The equipment for comprehensive treatment of soil heavy metal pollution based on steam injection and electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the electrolytic cleaning chamber is provided with a pusher block, and the pusher block is connected to the side wall opposite to the bottom of the electrolytic cleaning chamber and the discharge end via a first electric telescopic rod.

5. The equipment for comprehensive treatment of soil heavy metal pollution based on steam injection and electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent control component, which includes a controller electrically connected to each electrical component, an electronic touch screen located on the treatment box and connected to the controller, a temperature sensor located in the horizontal spray chamber, a pressure sensor located in the steam collection box, and a liquid level sensor located in the liquid collection box.

6. The equipment for comprehensive treatment of soil heavy metal pollution based on steam injection and electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The treatment box is equipped with casters at the four corners of its bottom and push rods on its side walls.

7. A method for the integrated treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil based on steam injection and electrolysis, using the equipment described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The contaminated soil to be treated is added into the pretreatment chamber through the feeding port, and the soil is crushed by the crushing roller. After crushing, the soil that meets the particle size requirements falls into the horizontal spraying chamber through the filter screen. S2. After the soil falls into the horizontal spray chamber, the steam generator is started to generate high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam spray hood through the connecting pipe and is injected into the horizontal spray chamber through various spray nozzles at the bottom of the steam spray hood. When the high-temperature steam passes through the spray nozzles, the impact force of the high-temperature steam causes the connecting hose to shake, which in turn drives the multi-hole spray head to shake synchronously, so that the high-temperature steam can be sprayed in various directions when it is sprayed out from the multi-hole spray head. The high-temperature steam injected into the horizontal spray chamber causes the low-melting-point metals in the soil to evaporate, while the radioactive heavy metals will be diffusing from the soil surface to the soil lattice. The first rotary motor is started to drive the stirring and conveying roller to rotate, stirring the soil and high-temperature steam while conveying the soil to the dissolution and impurity removal chamber. At the same time, the treated steam is recovered through the steam collection box. S3. After the soil enters the dissolving and removing impurities chamber, water and chemicals are added to the soil through the addition port. The second rotary motor is started, which drives the mixing roller to rotate and mix the water, chemicals and soil to form a mixed solution, thereby separating the heavy metals in the soil. S4. Pass the above mixed solution into the electrolytic purification chamber and start the electrolysis equipment. Electrolysis of the mixed solution by the electrolysis equipment can effectively remove heavy metal ions from the mud. After electrolysis, the mixed solution will accelerate precipitation under the action of the arc-shaped precipitator. At this time, the clear liquid containing heavy metals after precipitation is pumped into the liquid collection tank by the pump. By setting the funnel-shaped baffle to block the mud from floating, the separation of mud and water is accelerated. The precipitated mud is discharged through the discharge port.

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