A functional feed natural plant composition for preventing subclinical mastitis during the pregnant and lactating period of dairy cows and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a functional natural plant composition for preventing and treating latent mastitis in a pregnant and lactating stage of a dairy cow and a preparation method and application thereof, and comprises the following raw materials: eucommia leaf 10-50 parts, radix paeoniae alba 5-25 parts, semen euryae 10-40 parts, dandelion 10-40 parts, perilla leaf 5-20 parts, white kidney bean 10-30 parts and licorice 5-20 parts. The functional natural plant composition is safe and reliable, has small toxic and side effects, no drug resistance, high absorption rate and no harmful residues in the dairy cow. The functional natural plant composition has the functions of nourishing liver and kidney, invigorating spleen and drying dampness, clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating swelling and promoting abortion, can improve the constitution of the dairy cow in the pregnant and lactating stage by enhancing the functions of the spleen and stomach and tonifying liver and kidney, can intervene pathogenic microorganisms and treat initial infection of the breast by using traditional Chinese medicine to play the roles of inhibiting bacteria, resisting oxidation, resisting inflammation and eliminating swelling, and can also have the functions of promoting abortion and promoting healthy development of the fetus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural plant and feed additive technology, and more specifically to a functional natural plant composition for feed that prevents subclinical mastitis in dairy cows, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In modern dairy farming systems, dairy cows are primarily raised intensively. To maximize milk production, cows are required to undergo pregnancy and calving annually, increasing the burden on their reproductive system and udder. During pregnancy and lactation, cows not only produce milk but also nurture the fetus, and this peak milk production period can easily lead to a negative energy balance. The cows bear a heavy burden, and their overall function declines. This stage lasts the longest, approximately eight months, and is also the period of highest milk production, including the peak lactation period and the mid-to-late lactation period. The early lactation-pregnancy period is the first trimester. During this stage, the cow no longer exhibits estrus, the fetus grows slowly, and the amount of nutrition required from the mother is not large, but high quality is essential. Metabolic function increases, the ability to absorb substances and nutrients is strong, feed intake gradually increases, and body condition improves significantly. In the first six months of pregnancy, the fetus is small and requires less nutrition; however, this stage is crucial for embryonic and fetal development, and feed formulation must emphasize nutritional completeness and feed quality. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in protein and vitamins, can lead to early embryonic death, stillbirth, or congenital malformations. During mid-pregnancy, as the fetus gains weight rapidly, the cow's body condition improves significantly, and her appetite increases compared to the earlier stages. Therefore, in addition to preventing subclinical mastitis in dairy cows, it is crucial to promote feed intake, improve feed conversion and utilization, increase milk yield and quality, and ensure a healthy pregnancy and fetal development during the lactation-pregnancy period.

[0003] For a long time, through production practice, people have gradually recognized the harm caused by the abuse of antibiotics and other chemical drugs, such as drug residues, drug resistance, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. Traditional Chinese medicine and its by-products, with their green, natural, safe, and pollution-free properties, and their dual nutritional and medicinal effects, are widely favored and have become a new research direction for feed additives after antibiotics and chemically synthesized drug feed additives. Furthermore, dairy cows enter the lactation stage after calving, and during this stage, the use of antibiotics and other chemical drugs should be cautious to prevent affecting milk production. However, currently, there are few traditional Chinese medicine products on the market specifically for the postpartum health and wellness of dairy cows, and products made from compound traditional Chinese medicine formulas are even rarer.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a functional feed composition of natural plant materials that is effective, safe, and has no side effects to help dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: During pregnancy and lactation, dairy cows suffer from qi and blood deficiency, damage to reproductive organs, weakened immunity, and reduced digestive function. To help dairy cows recover quickly after giving birth, this invention provides a functional natural plant composition for dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation, along with its preparation method and application.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A functional feed natural plant composition for dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Eucommia ulmoides leaves, white peony root, dodder seed, dandelion, perilla leaves, white hyacinth bean and licorice.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the functional feed natural plant composition for dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation described above is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, 5-25 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 10-40 parts of Cuscuta chinensis, 10-40 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, 5-20 parts of Perilla frutescens leaves, 10-30 parts of Dolichos lablab and 5-20 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0009] As a more preferred option, the functional feed natural plant composition for dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation described above is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts Eucommia ulmoides leaves, 15 parts Paeonia lactiflora, 20 parts Cuscuta chinensis, 20 parts Taraxacum mongolicum, 15 parts Perilla frutescens leaves, 10 parts Dolichos lablab and 10 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0010] The methods for preparing functional feed natural plant compositions for dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation as described in this invention include the following:

[0011] Preparation Method 1: Preparation of powder of functional feed natural plant composition

[0012] After mixing Eucommia ulmoides leaves, white peony root, dodder seed, dandelion, perilla leaves, white hyacinth bean, and licorice root evenly, the mixture is ground using circulating water cooling and passed through a 20-300 mesh sieve to obtain a powder of functional feed natural plant composition.

[0013] Preparation Method 2: Preparation of extracts from functional feed-grade natural plant compositions

[0014] (a) Add 8-20 times the amount of 30-90% ethanol to Eucommia ulmoides leaves, white peony root, dodder seed, dandelion, perilla leaves, white hyacinth bean and licorice, reflux extract 1-3 times, 0.5-2 hours each time, combine the decoctions, filter, and obtain the alcohol extract.

[0015] (b) Add 8-20 times the amount of pure water to the residue remaining after decoction in (a), decoct 1-3 times, 0.5-2 hours each time, combine the decoctions, filter, and obtain the water extract.

[0016] (c) The extract solutions obtained in (a) and (b) are mixed evenly and concentrated under reduced pressure to a concentration of 0.5-1.5 g / ml. Then, they are spray-dried to obtain the extract of the functional feed natural plant composition.

[0017] Preparation Method 3: Preparation of pelleted feed containing functional feed-grade natural plant compositions

[0018] (a) After mixing Eucommia ulmoides leaves, white peony root, dodder seed, dandelion, perilla leaves, white hyacinth bean and licorice root evenly, grind them using circulating water cooling and then pass them through a 20-300 mesh sieve for later use;

[0019] (b) Mix the basic feeds of soybean meal, corn, and flaxseed meal evenly, then coarsely grind them for later use;

[0020] (c) Mix wheat bran, yeast powder, salt and palm oil evenly, then mix them evenly with the functional feed natural plant composition according to the principle of equal increment, and then mix them evenly with the coarse powder obtained in (b). The amount added accounts for 5-20% of the total (each ton contains 50-200 kg of the composition).

[0021] (d) The mixture obtained in step (c) is pressed into pellets by a pellet mill to obtain pelleted feed containing functional feed natural plant composition.

[0022] The functional feed natural plant composition powder, extract, and pelleted feed containing the composition for dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation provided by this invention are applied in the postpartum feeding process of dairy cows, and the specific application methods are as follows:

[0023] The functional feed natural plant composition powder, extract, and pelleted feed containing the composition of the present invention are added to the complete daily diet of dairy cows at a rate of 800-5400g per ton. They are used for one week every month during the pregnancy and lactation stages to enhance the physical condition of dairy cows, prevent subclinical mastitis, and support pregnancy.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the product of the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0025] (1) The proportions are more scientific

[0026] The compound plant additive provided by this invention is based on traditional Chinese veterinary medicine theory, employing the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and considering the postpartum physiological characteristics of dairy cows. It is scientifically formulated through experimental screening, employing rigorous scientific methods. The additive combines seven plant ingredients, composed of traditional Chinese herbs with different properties and functions, resulting in a multi-component synergistic effect. The resulting additive possesses functions of nourishing the liver and kidneys, strengthening the spleen and drying dampness, clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and dissipating nodules, and calming the fetus. It is used to enhance the constitution of pregnant and lactating dairy cows, prevent subclinical mastitis, and calm the fetus. The functional roles of each plant in the compound plant additive provided by this invention are as follows: Eucommia ulmoides leaves nourish the liver and kidneys; Cuscuta chinensis nourishes the liver and kidneys and calms the fetus; Paeonia lactiflora calms the liver and relieves pain, nourishes blood and astringes yin; Taraxacum mongolicum clears heat and detoxifies, reduces swelling and dissipates nodules; Dolichos lablab strengthens the spleen and dries dampness; Perilla frutescens leaves regulate qi, soothe the stomach, and calm the fetus; Glycyrrhiza uralensis strengthens the spleen, replenishes qi, and harmonizes the other herbs. The compounded additives can nourish the liver and kidneys, strengthen the spleen and dry dampness, clear heat and detoxify, reduce swelling and dissipate nodules, and stabilize pregnancy, while promoting milk production in pregnant and lactating dairy cows and preventing subclinical mastitis.

[0027] (2) Diverse product functional components

[0028] The functional feed natural plant composition provided by this invention is made from a variety of natural fodder plants and is rich in functional components. The active ingredients of the functional feed natural plant composition, namely chlorogenic acid, paeoniflorin, chicoric acid, perillaldehyde, and glycyrrhizic acid, are determined by UPLC; flavonoids are determined by the NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH method; and total polysaccharides are determined by the phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method.

[0029] (3) The product is natural and has a strong application target.

[0030] This invention innovatively targets the postpartum stage of dairy cows with a clear objective, precise function, and natural safety. All raw materials used are listed in the catalog of permissible natural plant ingredients, ensuring reliable safety. It leaves no residue during lactation and has no impact on the flavor of dairy products. It enhances animal resistance and provides favorable conditions for producing green, safe, and high-quality livestock products.

[0031] (4) The product application effect is significant.

[0032] The functional natural plant-based feed composition provided by this invention was applied to a trial during the pregnancy and lactation period of dairy cows to demonstrate its practical effect on promoting postpartum recovery. By adding the functional natural plant-based feed composition of this invention to the diet and continuously feeding it to postpartum dairy cows, the experimental results showed that the experimental group showed better recovery in various physiological aspects compared to the control group, such as feed intake, milk production, duration of lochia discharge, number of cows with retained placenta, blood routine tests, occurrence of abomasal displacement, and conception rate. This provides a better health product for postpartum dairy cows, improves their stress resistance, and reduces the risk of culling. Specific Implementation

[0033] The present invention can be better understood from the following embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the specific material ratios, process conditions, and results described in the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not, and will not, limit the invention as described in detail in the claims. All technologies implemented based on the above-described content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A functional feed composition of natural plant ingredients for use in pregnant and lactating dairy cows, made from the following raw materials.

[0036] Eucommia ulmoides leaves 25kg, white peony root 15kg, dodder seed 20kg, dandelion 20kg, perilla leaves 15kg, white hyacinth bean 10kg, and licorice root 10kg.

[0037] After mixing all the Chinese medicinal materials evenly, the mixture is ground using circulating water cooling and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a compound plant feed additive.

[0038] The obtained functional feed natural plant composition was added to the complete diet of dairy cows at a rate of 3375g per ton of complete diet. The complete diet containing this invention was fed to the postpartum dairy cows daily according to their nutritional needs for 3 consecutive weeks as a preventive measure against subclinical mastitis during the lactation period of dairy cows.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] 1. A functional feed natural plant composition for use in dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation, made from the following raw materials.

[0041] Eucommia ulmoides leaves 25kg, white peony root 15kg, dodder seed 20kg, dandelion 20kg, perilla leaves 15kg, white hyacinth bean 10kg, and licorice root 10kg.

[0042] 2. Extract the above raw materials to obtain their extracts. The specific method is as follows:

[0043] (a) After mixing the above medicinal materials evenly, add 10 times the amount of 80% ethanol, reflux and extract twice, maintaining boiling for 1 hour after each boiling, combine the two extracts, filter, and obtain the alcohol extract.

[0044] (b) Add 10 times the amount of pure water to the residue remaining in step (a), boil twice, and maintain boiling for 1 hour after each boil. Combine the two decoctions, filter, and obtain the water extract.

[0045] (c) The extract solutions obtained in steps (a) and (b) are mixed evenly and concentrated under reduced pressure to a concentration of 1 g / ml of extract. Then, they are spray-dried to obtain 34.2 kg of compound plant extract additive.

[0046] The extract of the functional feed natural plant composition obtained in this case was added to the complete diet of dairy cows at a rate of 1560g per ton of complete diet. The complete diet containing this invention was fed to the postpartum dairy cows daily according to their nutritional needs for 3 consecutive weeks to prevent subclinical mastitis during the lactation period of dairy cows.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] 1. A functional feed composition of natural plant materials for use in pregnant and lactating dairy cows, wherein this embodiment is made from the following raw materials:

[0049] Eucommia ulmoides leaves 50kg, white peony root 30kg, dodder seed 40kg, dandelion 40kg, perilla leaves 30kg, white hyacinth bean 20kg, and licorice root 20kg.

[0050] 2. Add 200 kg per ton of feed pellets to produce pellets containing 20% ​​functional feed-grade natural plant composition. The specific method is as follows:

[0051] (a) After mixing all the Chinese medicinal materials evenly, grind them using circulating water cooling until they pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain powder 1 for later use;

[0052] (b) Mix 460 kg of corn, 135 kg of soybean meal and 135 kg of flaxseed meal evenly and then crush them through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain powder 2 for later use.

[0053] (c) Mix 135 kg of wheat bran, 54 kg of yeast powder, 13.5 kg of salt, and 27 kg of palm oil evenly to obtain powder 3 for later use. Mix powder 3 evenly with powder 1, and then mix evenly with powder 2 obtained in step (b) for later use.

[0054] (d) The mixed powder obtained in step (c) is pressed into granules using a granulator. Granules containing a functional feed-grade natural plant composition are obtained.

[0055] The pelleted feed prepared in this embodiment contains 20% functional feed natural plant composition. 1350g of pelleted feed is fed to dairy cows daily, and the remainder is fed to dairy cow rations according to the nutritional requirements of postpartum dairy cows. This is used continuously for 3 weeks to prevent subclinical mastitis in dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation.

[0056] Example 4: Determination of the effective ingredient content of the product prepared in this example.

[0057] The functional feed natural plant composition in Example 1 is sample number ①; the extract of the functional feed natural plant composition in Example 2 is sample number ②; the functional feed natural plant composition in Example 3 and the pelleted feed containing this composition are sample numbers ③. The contents of total flavonoids, polysaccharides, chlorogenic acid, paeoniflorin, chicoric acid, perillaldehyde, and glycyrrhizic acid were determined. Polysaccharides were determined using the phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method; flavonoids were determined using the NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH method. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0058] Table 1 shows the effective ingredient content of the products in the three cases.

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Example 5: Health Care Trial and Results During Pregnancy and Lactation in Dairy Cows

[0062] (1) Animal selection:

[0063] Sixty Holstein cows of similar age, parity, and weight from the (farm) were selected as experimental animals. A single-factor randomized block design was used to randomly divide the experimental cows into four groups, including one control group and three experimental groups, with 15 cows in each group.

[0064] (2) Feeding method

[0065] Control group: Dairy cows were fed the normal postpartum diet for 21 consecutive days after calving;

[0066] Experimental Group 1: Feeding the functional feed natural plant composition from Example 1 according to the requirements of Example 1;

[0067] Experimental Group 2: Feeding with the functional feed-grade natural plant composition extract from Example 2, following the requirements of Example 2;

[0068] Experimental Group 3: Feed the pelleted feed containing 20% ​​functional feed natural plant composition as described in Example 3, and feed according to the requirements of Example 3.

[0069] (3) Observation indicators

[0070] Using pregnant and lactating dairy cows as the research subjects, after feeding them the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the example for 21 days, feed intake, milk production, and mammary somatic cell count were statistically analyzed. The results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the feed intake and milk production of dairy cows in each group fed with the traditional Chinese medicine composition showed an increasing trend, while the mammary somatic cell count of each group showed a decreasing trend. In summary, the traditional Chinese medicine composition had a positive effect on the feed intake, milk production, and mammary somatic cell count of dairy cows.

[0071] Table 2 Record of Postpartum Physiological Characteristics of Dairy Cows

[0072] index control group Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Feed intake (kg) 24.2±1.4 26.4±1.2 27.1±2.1 27.8±1.7 Milk production (kg) 31.2±3.4 33.3±1.9 33.5±2.6 34.2±2.7 Breast cell count (in ten thousands) 30.5±6.2 28.3±7.2 27.6±5.8 26.3±4.3 .

Claims

1. A functional feed natural plant composition for prevention of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows during the pregnancy and lactation period, characterized in that, The natural plant composition is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Eucommia ulmoides leaves 10 - 50 parts, Radix Paeoniae Alba 5 - 25 parts, Semen Nelumbinis 10 - 40 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 10 - 40 parts, Perilla frutescens leaves 5 - 20 parts, Lablab purpureus 10 - 30 parts, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 - 20 parts.

2. The functional feed natural plant composition for preventing subclinical mastitis during the pregnant and lactating period of dairy cows according to claim 1, characterized by, The natural plant composition is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Eucommia ulmoides leaves 25 parts, Radix Paeoniae Alba 15 parts, Semen Nelumbinis 20 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Perilla frutescens leaves 15 parts, Lablab purpureus 10 parts, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis 10 parts.

3. The method of preparing the functional natural plant composition for preventing subclinical mastitis during the pregnant and lactating period of dairy cows according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Semen Nelumbinis, Taraxacum mongolicum, Perilla frutescens leaves, Lablab purpureus, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed in parts by weight, and are ground by circulating water cooling to pass through a 20 - 300 mesh screen to obtain the powder of the composition.

4. The process for the preparation of functional feed natural plant composition granules for the prevention of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows during the pregnancy and lactation period as claimed in claim 3 wherein: Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Semen Nelumbinis, Taraxacum mongolicum, Perilla frutescens leaves, Lablab purpureus, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed in parts by weight, and are ground by circulating water cooling to pass through a 20 - 300 mesh screen, and are then mixed uniformly with the base feed of soybean meal, corn, wheat bran, yeast powder, linseed meal, salt, and palm oil, and are granulated by a feed granulator to obtain the granules containing the composition.

5. The method of preparing the functional natural plant composition for preventing subclinical mastitis during the pregnant and lactating period of dairy cows according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Semen Nelumbinis, Taraxacum mongolicum, Perilla frutescens leaves, Lablab purpureus, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed in parts by weight, and are extracted 1 - 3 times by 30 - 90% ethanol by volume concentration, and are then extracted 1 - 3 times by pure water, and the ethanol extract and the water extract are combined, concentrated to contain 0.8 - 1.5 g / ml of the original medicine, and then are spray dried to obtain the extract of the composition.

6. The method of preparing the functional natural plant composition for preventing subclinical mastitis during the pregnant and lactating period of dairy cows according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extract of the composition contains total flavonoids in an amount of 0.25 - 7.50 wt.%, total polysaccharides in an amount of 9.50 - 55.00 wt.%, chlorogenic acid in an amount of 0.02 - 0.45 wt.%, paeoniflorin in an amount of 0.04 - 0.78 wt.%, chicoric acid in an amount of 0.01 - 0.08 wt.%, perillaketone in an amount of 0.01 - 0.09 wt.%, and glycyrrhizic acid in an amount of 0.01 - 0.3 wt.% 7. A complete ration for a pregnant and lactating dairy cow for the prevention of subclinical mastitis, characterized in that: It comprises 0.08 - 10 wt.% of the natural plant composition of claim 1 or 2.

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