A method, device, equipment and storage medium for monitoring ice thickness of transmission lines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device, equipment and storage medium for monitoring ice thickness on power transmission lines. Multiple optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the power transmission line. A fiber grating sensor is provided in the optical fiber at the connection between the power transmission line and the tower. A wind speed sensor is also provided on the tower. The method includes: obtaining laser data signals reflected by each fiber grating sensor uploaded by a laser receiver, and determining the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber grating sensor based on the laser data signal. Based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor, the actual stress of the power transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated. A stress function of the stress of the power transmission line between two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness is constructed. The actual stress is substituted into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness. The present invention utilizes fiber grating sensors to achieve high-precision real-time monitoring of the icing condition of power transmission lines, which is particularly suitable for extreme weather conditions and greatly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of monitoring data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transmission line maintenance technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for monitoring ice thickness of a transmission line. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of society and the economy, the scale of the power grid has expanded rapidly, and the contradiction between electricity supply and demand has become increasingly severe. As a vital component of the power system, the stable and safe operation of transmission lines is directly related to the reliability of the power grid and the continuity of power supply. However, overhead transmission lines are exposed to a complex and changing atmospheric environment for a long time and must withstand the influence of various natural factors including their own weight, wind pressure, temperature fluctuations, and icing. Among them, icing events pose a significant threat to the safety of transmission lines. They not only increase the vertical load on the conductors but can also cause conductors to vibrate or break, seriously affecting the normal operation of the transmission lines.

[0003] In the existing technology, the thickness of ice covering power lines is mostly estimated by the naked eye of patrol personnel. This method has low accuracy and is difficult to achieve real-time monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for monitoring ice thickness of a power transmission line, so as to realize high-precision real-time monitoring of ice coverage of the power transmission line.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line. A plurality of optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line. A fiber Bragg grating sensor is provided in the optical fiber at the connection between the transmission line and the tower. A wind speed sensor is also provided on the tower. The method comprises:

[0006] Acquire the laser data signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signal;

[0007] Calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor;

[0008] Considering the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor, a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed;

[0009] Substituting the actual stress into the stress function, the ice thickness is obtained.

[0010] Optionally, three optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line, and each optical fiber is provided with a fiber grating sensor at the connection between the transmission line and the tower, namely a first fiber grating sensor, a second fiber grating sensor and a third fiber grating sensor. Among them, the first fiber grating sensor is used to measure the strain of the transmission line, the second fiber grating sensor is used to measure the change in line length caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the transmission line due to changes in ambient temperature, and the third fiber grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but insensitive to strain, and is used for temperature compensation.

[0011] Optionally, calculating the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor includes:

[0012] using the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber grating sensor as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature;

[0013] Calculating the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the first wavelength to obtain a second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the transmission line due to the change in ambient temperature;

[0014] Calculating the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor and the second wavelength to obtain a third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the external load of the transmission line;

[0015] Calculating the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor;

[0016] The actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the strain of the transmission line caused by external loads and the elastic modulus of the transmission line.

[0017] Optionally, the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load is calculated based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, Λ fij is the third wavelength, λ 1Bij The initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the jth tower, p e is the photoelastic coefficient.

[0020] Optionally, considering the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor, a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed, including:

[0021] Considering the deadweight of the transmission line and the deadweight of ice between the two adjacent towers, a first load function of the deadweight load of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness is constructed;

[0022] Constructing a second load function of wind load on the transmission line between the two towers with respect to ice thickness based on the wind speed;

[0023] Calculating a vector sum of the first load function and the second load function to obtain a total load function of the transmission line between the two towers;

[0024] The quotient of the total load function and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line is calculated to obtain a tension function of the tension of the transmission line between the two towers with respect to the ice thickness, and the tension function is used as a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness.

[0025] Optionally, the first load function is:

[0026] F self+ice =g·L·(ρ wire A+ρ ice ·A ice )

[0027] Among them, A ice is the cross-sectional area of ​​ice, A ice =π((D+2d) 2 -D 2 ) / 4, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line, A=πD 2 / 4, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, ρ wire is the line density, ρ ice is the density of ice, L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0028] Optionally, the second loading function is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, C d is the wind load coefficient, ρ air is the air density at the location of the transmission line, v is the wind speed monitored by the wind speed sensor, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, and L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a device for monitoring ice thickness on a power transmission line. A plurality of optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line. A fiber Bragg grating sensor is provided in the optical fiber at the connection between the transmission line and the tower. A wind speed sensor is also provided on the tower. The device comprises:

[0032] a wavelength determination module, configured to obtain the laser data signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signal;

[0033] An actual stress calculation module, used to calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor;

[0034] A stress function construction module is used to consider the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor to construct a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness;

[0035] The ice thickness calculation module is used to substitute the actual stress into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0037] one or more processors;

[0038] a storage device for storing one or more programs;

[0039] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line as provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line as provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention provides a method for monitoring ice thickness on power transmission lines. Multiple optical fibers are laid along the extension of the transmission line. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are installed in the optical fibers at the connection between the transmission line and the tower. A wind speed sensor is also installed on the tower. The method includes obtaining laser data signals reflected by each FBG sensor, uploaded by a laser receiver, and determining the wavelength of the laser light reflected by the FBG sensor based on the laser data signals. The actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser light reflected by each FBG sensor. The method constructs a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness, taking into account the weight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the weight of the ice, and the wind speed recorded by the wind speed sensor. The actual stress is substituted into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness. The present invention utilizes fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to achieve high-precision, real-time monitoring of ice coverage on transmission lines. The method is particularly suitable for use in extreme weather conditions, significantly improving the accuracy and real-time nature of the monitoring data.

[0042] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the optical fiber distribution inside a transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a device for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the case of real-time monitoring of ice thickness on a transmission line. The method can be executed by a device for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The device can be implemented by software and / or hardware and is usually configured in an electronic device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transmission line ice thickness monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0052] S101 , obtaining laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by a laser receiver, and determining the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, a transmission line is erected on an outdoor tower, and the transmission line is supported by a plurality of towers arranged at intervals.

[0054] During the construction phase of a transmission line, optical fibers are laid inside the transmission line. For example, multiple optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line. Fiber Bragg grating sensors are installed in the optical fibers at the connection between the transmission line and the tower. A wind speed sensor is also installed on the tower to monitor wind speed. The reason for laying the optical fibers inside the transmission line in this embodiment is to protect the detection equipment and prevent the environment outside the transmission line from affecting the monitoring data. In other embodiments, the optical fibers can also be laid outside the transmission line, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Fiber Bragg grating sensors are a type of optical fiber sensor. The sensing process based on fiber Bragg gratings obtains sensing information by modulating the Bragg wavelength of the optical fiber with external physical parameters. It is a wavelength-modulated optical fiber sensor. Fiber Bragg grating sensors can directly measure physical quantities such as temperature and strain. Specifically, fiber Bragg grating sensors have an initial reflection wavelength. When light waves pass through the fiber Bragg grating, they reflect back a narrowband light of a specific wavelength. The wavelength of the narrowband light depends on the grating pitch (grating period) of the fiber Bragg grating. When the grating period of a fiber Bragg grating sensor changes due to temperature or strain, the wavelength response of the reflected light wave also changes. Therefore, there is a corresponding relationship between the wavelength λ of the light reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor and physical quantities such as temperature, force, and length. This is the basic principle of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology.

[0055] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal optical fiber distribution of the transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, three optical fibers A, B, and C are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line. Each optical fiber is provided with a fiber Bragg grating sensor at the connection between the transmission line and the tower, namely the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor. The first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to measure the strain of the transmission line, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to measure the change in line length caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the transmission line due to changes in ambient temperature, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but not to strain and is used for temperature compensation.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, when laying optical fibers, they are stretched along their length while maintaining the strain within their elastic deformation range. The primary purpose of this stretching step is to ensure that when the transmission line contracts due to low temperatures, the fiber remains stretched, thereby preventing it from entering a relaxed state. This measure is crucial because the stretched state of the fiber is fundamental to its accurate sensing and signal transmission capabilities. Once the fiber enters a relaxed state, its ability to sense subtle deformations is significantly reduced, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0057] A laser transmitter and receiver are installed at one end of a transmission line. To address the uniquely challenging environment of transmission lines and their high demands for stable, long-term operation, this invention employs a power supply solution centered around high-capacity deep-cycle lead-acid batteries, supplemented by solar panels and wind turbines, to form a diversified primary power system. This solution aims to provide a long-lasting and stable energy supply path for the laser diode and other light source equipment in the laser transmitter. Given the deep-cycle lead-acid battery's excellent energy storage performance and stability in harsh environments, it ensures continuous operation of the laser diode even in extreme weather conditions. To further enhance system reliability and independence, this system incorporates an automatic low-battery alarm mechanism for scenarios where solar or wind power generation is insufficient to maintain power. Once the battery charge drops below a predetermined threshold, the alarm system automatically activates, notifying the operations and maintenance team to take immediate action. Considering the economical power consumption of the laser diode and the ample capacity of the lead-acid battery, the dual-end power supply layout on the tower effectively addresses extreme or unforeseen circumstances, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the transmission line monitoring system.

[0058] The laser receiver can convert the received optical signal into an electrical signal (ie, a laser data signal) and upload it to the host computer. The host computer determines the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber grating sensor based on the laser data signal of each fiber grating sensor.

[0059] S102: Calculate the actual stress of the power transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the wavelength of laser light reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor. Exemplarily, the wavelength of the laser light reflected by the third fiber Bragg grating sensor and the wavelength of the laser light reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor are subtracted from the wavelength of the laser light reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor to obtain a third wavelength. This wavelength offsets the effects of temperature and temperature-induced deformation on the laser light reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor. The actual stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers is then calculated based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0061] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor. The calculation process is as follows:

[0062] 1. The wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber grating sensor is used as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wavelength λ of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is 3ijAs the first wavelength Λ of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature Tij .

[0064] 2. Calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber grating sensor and the first wavelength to obtain a second wavelength of the reflected light representing the expansion and contraction of the transmission line due to changes in ambient temperature.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to eliminate the influence of temperature factors on the monitoring results, the wavelength λ of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is calculated. 2ij With the first wavelength Λ Tij The difference between the values ​​of the wavelength and the wavelength of the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction of the transmission line due to the change of ambient temperature is obtained. Lij .

[0066] 3. Calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor and the second wavelength to obtain a third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the external load of the transmission line.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to offset the influence of temperature-induced deformation on the laser signal reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the wavelength λ of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is calculated. 1ij With the second wavelength Λ Lij The difference between the values ​​of the third wavelength Λ, which represents the reflected light caused by the external load of the transmission line, is obtained. fij .

[0068] 4. Calculate the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor.

[0069] Exemplarily, the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load is calculated based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, Λ fij is the third wavelength, λ 1Bij The initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the jth tower, p e is the photoelastic coefficient.

[0072] 5. Calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the strain of the transmission line caused by external loads and the elastic modulus of the transmission line.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load and the elastic modulus of the transmission line. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0074] σ ij =E×ε ij

[0075] Where E is the elastic modulus of the transmission line, which can be obtained by looking up the table.

[0076] S103. Considering the deadweight of the transmission line between two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor, a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, a stress function is constructed to represent the stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness, taking into account the deadweight of the transmission line between two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed recorded by a wind speed sensor. For example, a total load function is constructed to represent the total load of the transmission line between two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness based on the deadweight of the transmission line, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed recorded by the wind speed sensor. Then, based on the total load function and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line, a tension function is derived to represent the tension of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness. This tension function is then used as the stress function to represent the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, the process of constructing a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness is as follows:

[0079] 1. Considering the deadweight of the transmission line and the deadweight of ice between two adjacent towers, a first load function of the deadweight load of the transmission line between two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the deadweight and ice deadweight of the transmission line between two adjacent towers are considered, and a first load function is constructed that relates the deadweight load of the transmission line between two adjacent towers to the ice thickness. For example, considering that ice is evenly distributed along the transmission line, the first load function is:

[0081] F self+ice =g·L·(ρ wire A+ρ ice ·A ice )

[0082] Among them, A ice is the cross-sectional area of ​​ice, A ice =π((D+2d) 2 -D 2 ) / 4, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line, A=πD 2 / 4, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, ρ wire is the line density, ρ iceis the density of ice, L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0083] 2. Based on the wind speed, a second load function of the wind load on the transmission line between the two towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, a second load function of the wind load on the transmission line between the two towers with respect to ice thickness is constructed based on the wind speed. For example, the second load function is:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, C d is the wind load coefficient, ρ air is the air density at the location of the transmission line, v is the wind speed monitored by the wind speed sensor, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, and L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers.

[0087] 3. Calculate the vector sum of the first load function and the second load function to obtain the total load function of the transmission line between the two towers.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, the vector sum of the first load function and the second load function is calculated to obtain the total load function of the transmission line between the two towers. The total load function is:

[0089]

[0090] 4. Calculate the quotient of the total load function and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line to obtain the tension function of the transmission line tension between the two towers with respect to the ice thickness, and use the tension function as the stress function of the transmission line stress between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, the quotient of the total load function and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line is calculated to obtain a tension function of the tension of the transmission line between two towers with respect to the ice thickness. The tension function is used as a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness. The stress function is:

[0092] T=F tot / A

[0093] S104. Substitute the actual stress into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, the actual stress obtained by the above calculation is substituted into the stress function to calculate the ice thickness.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present invention, an ice thickness safety threshold may be preset. When the ice thickness is detected to exceed the ice thickness safety threshold, a warning signal may be sent to a user terminal of a maintenance personnel.

[0096] The present invention provides a method for monitoring ice thickness on power transmission lines. Multiple optical fibers are laid along the transmission line. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are installed in the optical fibers at the connection between the transmission line and the tower. A wind speed sensor is also installed on the tower. The method includes obtaining laser data signals reflected by each FBG sensor, uploaded by a laser receiver, and determining the wavelength of the laser light reflected by the FBG sensor based on the laser data signals. The actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser light reflected by each FBG sensor. The method constructs a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness, taking into account the weight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the weight of the ice, and the wind speed recorded by the wind speed sensor. The actual stress is then substituted into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness. The present invention utilizes fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to achieve high-precision, real-time monitoring of ice coverage on transmission lines. The method is particularly suitable for use in extreme weather conditions, significantly improving the accuracy and real-time nature of the monitoring data.

[0097] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring results and alarm signals can also be transmitted to the unit's internal server through an intranet switch via an encryption algorithm (such as AES128). At the same time, they will be transmitted to the alarm room and office in the substation through the switch. In this way, the staff in the substation can receive the alarm signal as soon as possible and take effective measures in a timely manner. In addition, the monitoring results and alarm signals can also be archived for easy subsequent tracing. The transformer foundation status information data in the memory is read in the internal office system to display real-time data and historical trends, as well as any alarms or abnormal conditions. Based on the monitoring data, maintenance personnel can evaluate the condition of the substation transformer foundation and take maintenance or reinforcement measures when necessary. Through this process, the fiber optic sensor system can provide continuous and real-time monitoring of the substation transformer foundation to ensure its stability and safety. The advantages of this monitoring technology are its high sensitivity, strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, and reliability suitable for harsh environmental conditions.

[0098] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a transmission line ice thickness monitoring device, wherein a plurality of optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line, a fiber grating sensor is provided in the optical fiber at the connection between the transmission line and the tower, and a wind speed sensor is also provided on the tower. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a transmission line ice thickness monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the transmission line ice thickness monitoring device includes:

[0099] The wavelength determination module 201 is configured to obtain the laser data signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signal;

[0100] The actual stress calculation module 202 is used to calculate the actual stress of the power transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor;

[0101] A stress function construction module 203 is configured to construct a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness, taking into account the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor;

[0102] The ice thickness calculation module 204 is configured to substitute the actual stress into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, three optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line, and each optical fiber is provided with a fiber Bragg grating sensor at the connection between the transmission line and the tower, namely a first fiber Bragg grating sensor, a second fiber Bragg grating sensor and a third fiber Bragg grating sensor. Among them, the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to measure the strain of the transmission line, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to measure the change in line length caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the transmission line caused by changes in ambient temperature, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but insensitive to strain, and is used for temperature compensation.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present invention, the actual stress calculation module 202 includes:

[0105] a first wavelength determining submodule, configured to use the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber grating sensor as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature;

[0106] a second wavelength calculation submodule, configured to calculate a difference between a wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the first wavelength, to obtain a second wavelength representing reflected light caused by expansion and contraction of the transmission line due to changes in ambient temperature;

[0107] a third wavelength calculation submodule, configured to calculate a difference between a wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor and the second wavelength, to obtain a third wavelength representing reflected light caused by an external load on the transmission line;

[0108] a strain calculation submodule, configured to calculate the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor;

[0109] The actual stress calculation submodule is used to calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the strain of the transmission line caused by external loads and the elastic modulus of the transmission line.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present invention, the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load is calculated based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Among them, Λ fij is the third wavelength, λ 1Bij The initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the jth tower, p e is the photoelastic coefficient.

[0113] In some embodiments of the present invention, the stress function construction module 203 includes:

[0114] A first load function construction submodule is configured to consider the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers and the deadweight of ice, and to construct a first load function of the deadweight load of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to ice thickness;

[0115] A second load function construction submodule is configured to construct a second load function of the wind load of the transmission line between the two towers with respect to ice thickness based on the wind speed;

[0116] a total load function determination submodule, configured to calculate the vector sum of the first load function and the second load function to obtain a total load function of the transmission line between the two towers;

[0117] A stress function determination submodule is configured to calculate the quotient of the total load function and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line to obtain a tension function of the tension of the transmission line between the two towers with respect to the ice thickness, and use the tension function as a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first load function is:

[0119] F self+ice =g·L·(ρ wire A+ρ ice ·A ice )

[0120] Among them, A ice is the cross-sectional area of ​​ice, A ice =π((D+2d) 2 -D 2 ) / 4, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line, A=πD 2 / 4, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, ρ wire is the line density, ρ ice is the density of ice, L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0121] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second load function is:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, C d is the wind load coefficient, ρ air is the air density at the location of the transmission line, v is the wind speed monitored by the wind speed sensor, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, and L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers.

[0124] The above-mentioned transmission line ice thickness monitoring device can execute the transmission line ice thickness monitoring method provided by the aforementioned embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the transmission line ice thickness monitoring method.

[0125] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0126] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 into the random access memory (RAM) 13. Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device can also be stored in the RAM 13. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0127] Multiple components in the electronic device are connected to the I / O interface 15, including an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0128] The processor 11 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any other suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the method for monitoring ice thickness on transmission lines.

[0129] In some embodiments, the method for monitoring the thickness of ice coating on a transmission line may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on an electronic device via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the method for monitoring the thickness of ice coating on a transmission line described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to execute the method for monitoring the thickness of ice coating on a transmission line by any other appropriate means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0130] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0131] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0132] In the context of the present invention, computer-readable storage media can be tangible media that can contain or store a computer program for use with an instruction execution system, device or equipment or used in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. Computer-readable storage media can include but are not limited to electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, computer-readable storage media can be machine-readable signal media. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media can include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0133] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0134] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0135] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This server is a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosting and VPS services.

[0136] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line as provided in any embodiment of the present application.

[0137] The computer program product may be implemented by writing computer program code for performing the operations of the present invention in one or more programming languages, or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0138] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0139] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line, characterized in that: A plurality of optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line, a fiber grating sensor is provided in the optical fiber at the connection between the transmission line and the tower, and a wind speed sensor is also provided on the tower. The method includes: Acquire the laser data signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signal; Calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor; Considering the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor, a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed; Substituting the actual stress into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness; Three optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line. Each optical fiber is equipped with a fiber Bragg grating sensor at the connection between the transmission line and the tower. These sensors are the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor. The first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to measure the strain of the transmission line. The second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to measure the change in line length caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the transmission line due to changes in ambient temperature. The third fiber Bragg grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but not strain and is used for temperature compensation. The actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor, including: using the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber grating sensor as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature; Calculating the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the first wavelength to obtain a second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the transmission line due to the change in ambient temperature; Calculating the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor and the second wavelength to obtain a third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the external load of the transmission line; Calculating the strain of the transmission line caused by the external load based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor; Calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the strain caused by the external load and the elastic modulus of the transmission line; Considering the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor, a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed, including: Considering the deadweight of the transmission line and the deadweight of ice between the two adjacent towers, a first load function of the deadweight load of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness is constructed; Constructing a second load function of wind load on the transmission line between the two towers with respect to ice thickness based on the wind speed; Calculating a vector sum of the first load function and the second load function to obtain a total load function of the transmission line between the two towers; Calculating the quotient of the total load function and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line to obtain a tension function of the tension of the transmission line between the two towers with respect to the ice thickness, and using the tension function as a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness; The first load function is: F self+ice =g·L·(ρ wire ·A+r ice ·A ice ) Among them, A ice is the cross-sectional area of ​​ice, A ice =π((D+2d) 2 -D 2 ) / 4, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the transmission line, A=πD 2 / 4, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, ρ wire is the line density, ρ ice is the density of ice, L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; The second loading function is: Among them, C d is the wind load coefficient, ρ air is the air density at the location of the transmission line, v is the wind speed monitored by the wind speed sensor, D is the diameter of the transmission line, d is the ice thickness, and L is the length of the transmission line between two adjacent towers.

2. The method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain of the transmission line caused by the external load is calculated based on the third wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, Λ fij is the third wavelength, λ 1Bij The initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the jth tower, p e is the photoelastic coefficient.

3. A device for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line, characterized in that: For executing the method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line according to claim 1 or 2, a plurality of optical fibers are laid along the extension direction of the transmission line, a fiber Bragg grating sensor is provided in the optical fiber at the connection between the transmission line and the tower, and a wind speed sensor is also provided on the tower, the device comprising: a wavelength determination module, configured to obtain the laser data signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signal; An actual stress calculation module, used to calculate the actual stress of the transmission line between two adjacent towers based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by each fiber grating sensor; A stress function construction module is used to consider the deadweight of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers, the deadweight of ice, and the wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor to construct a stress function of the stress of the transmission line between the two adjacent towers with respect to the ice thickness; The ice thickness calculation module is used to substitute the actual stress into the stress function to obtain the ice thickness.

4. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line as claimed in claim 1 or 2.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring ice thickness on a transmission line as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is implemented.

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