Factory farming methods for aquatic animals based on synergistic bacteria and algae

Abstract

This invention provides a method for intensive aquaculture of aquatic animals based on synergistic bacteria and algae, relating to the field of aquaculture technology. This method includes the following specific steps: S1, construction of an algae cultivation pond; S2, pretreatment; S3, water cultivation period in a biological treatment pond; S4, water quality control during the biological treatment pond water cultivation period; S5, water cultivation period in a rearing pond; S6, algae cultivation period; S7, early-stage rearing methods; S8, late-stage rearing methods. By setting up rearing ponds, ozone disinfection ponds, biological treatment ponds, microfiltration machines, oxygen supply systems, and algae cultivation ponds, water purification can be achieved, reducing water pollution and thus solving the problems of low survival rates and frequent disease outbreaks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically to a method for the factory farming of aquatic animals based on the synergistic effect of bacteria and algae. Background Technology

[0002] As the world's largest aquaculture nation, my country accounts for approximately two-thirds of the global aquaculture output. Statistics show that in 2022, total aquatic product output reached 68.6591 million tons, an increase of 1.7562 million tons (2.62%) compared to 2021, with aquaculture production reaching 55.6546 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 3.17%. Among these, the aquaculture area using ponds, cages, large water surfaces, tidal flats, and paddy fields exceeded 150,000 km². However, these aquaculture methods suffer from disadvantages such as large land area requirements, limited aquaculture space, environmental pollution, soil eutrophication, and susceptibility to geographical and climatic conditions, becoming bottlenecks restricting the sustainable development of my country's aquaculture industry. The pollution from uneaten feed and excrement is particularly serious, not only causing endogenous pollution to the aquaculture water itself but also polluting other aquatic environments due to the large-scale discharge of aquaculture wastewater. Therefore, promoting green aquaculture and solving the problem of wastewater pollution is urgently needed.

[0003] Traditional aquaculture methods suffer from problems such as water pollution, environmental damage, low stocking density, low survival rate, and frequent disease outbreaks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for the industrialized aquaculture of aquatic animals based on the synergy of bacteria and algae, which solves the problems of water pollution, environmental damage, low stocking density, low survival rate, and frequent disease outbreaks in traditional aquaculture methods.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a factory-scale aquaculture system based on synergistic bacteria and algae, comprising an aquaculture workshop and an algae cultivation pond. The aquaculture workshop includes an aquaculture pond, an ozone disinfection pond, a biochemical pond, a microfilter, a circulation pond, an external water source, an oxygen supply system, a Roche blower, and a main control cabinet. The aquaculture pond, ozone disinfection pond, biochemical pond, microfilter, circulation pond, external water source, and algae cultivation pond are all connected together by water supply pipelines. The aquaculture pond and circulation pond are each equipped with a water level control device. The aquaculture pond and biochemical pond are each equipped with a dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device. The aquaculture pond and circulation pond are each equipped with a temperature monitoring device and a thermostat. The oxygen supply system is connected to the aquaculture pond and biochemical pond through an air supply pipeline. The Roche blower is installed on the water supply pipeline between the aquaculture pond and the algae cultivation pond.

[0008] The oxygen supply system includes a pure oxygen generator and a dissolved oxygen cone, and the algae cultivation tank is equipped with a waterwheel aerator.

[0009] The external water source, water level control device, oxygen supply system, dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device, constant temperature machine, and temperature monitoring device are all controlled by the main control cabinet.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the algae cultivation pond has a racetrack-type structure with multiple racetracks interconnected. Waterwheels are installed inside the racetracks to drive the water to circulate along the racetracks.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the formula for calculating the water volume of the algae cultivation pond is: Z=AVBFPC / D;

[0012] Z represents the volume of the algae cultivation pond, in m3;

[0013] A, Expected aquaculture yield, in kg / m3;

[0014] V, the volume of the aquaculture water body, in m3;

[0015] B, Phosphorus content in feed, in %

[0016] F represents the conventional feed conversion ratio of animals raised under this farming model;

[0017] P, feed utilization rate, in %, usually taken as 60%;

[0018] C is the coefficient of phosphorus conversion in Chlorella, usually taken as 100;

[0019] D, the cultivation density of Chlorella, in kg / m3.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the ozone disinfection tank is equipped with an ozone disinfection machine, and the biochemical tank is equipped with a moving bed biofilm reactor.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the aquatic animal factory farming method based on the synergistic effect of bacteria and algae, based on the aforementioned synergistic effect aquatic animal factory farming system, includes the following specific steps:

[0022] S1. Construction of the algae cultivation pond: The algae cultivation pond is designed as a racetrack, 50 meters long and 18 meters wide, with each racetrack 4.5 meters wide, for a total of four racetracks. The algae cultivation pond is equipped with multiple waterwheel-type aerators. The waterwheel-type aerators in the algae cultivation pond have a paddle wheel diameter of 0.5 meters and a body length of 2 meters, which can provide sufficient flow for water bodies 1 meter deep. The paddle wheel speed is 30 revolutions per minute, which can ensure that the water body is fully circulated without generating destructive shearing force on the algae cells.

[0023] S2. Pretreatment: First, fill the breeding pond, ozone disinfection pond, biological pond and circulation pond with water, start the ozone disinfection machine inside the ozone disinfection pond, and circulate the water in the breeding pond, ozone disinfection pond, biological pond and circulation pond for 48 hours to remove organic matter, heavy metals and pathogens in the water and complete the preliminary purification.

[0024] S3. Biochemical Tank Water Cultivation Period: Turn off the ozone disinfection machine, stop circulating water, and enter the biochemical tank cultivation stage, which lasts for five days. On the first day, add 600g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria to the biochemical tank, along with 6kg each of sodium acetate and brown sugar as carbon sources, and turn on aeration. Add bacteria and carbon sources, with 20g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria, 200g of sodium acetate, and 200g of brown sugar per cubic meter. From the second to the fifth day, add 150g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and 6kg of sodium acetate to each biochemical tank daily. At this time, the proportion of aerobic denitrifying bacteria is 5g / m3 per day. During this period, aeration is always on, and nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and pH value are tested once a day until the nitrite and ammonia nitrogen values ​​are 0, indicating successful biofilm formation.

[0025] S4. Water quality control during the cultivation period of the biological treatment tank: When the pH value drops to 7.5 mg / L during the cultivation period, use 30 g / m3 of baking soda. When the pH value exceeds 8.2 mg / L, use 10 g / m3 of citric acid monohydrate to lower the pH value. Adjust the pH value to 8.2-8.6 mg / L. The ammonia nitrogen value will decrease accordingly. Note that when adjusting the pH value, the total alkalinity should not be lower than 120 mg / L. If the value is low, the amount of baking soda can be increased appropriately in the biological treatment tank.

[0026] S5. Water Preparation Period in Aquaculture Ponds: The water preparation period in aquaculture ponds is the same as that in biological ponds. Each day, add 3L of Chlorella stock solution, 750g of photosynthetic bacteria, 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis to each aquaculture pond. The Chlorella stock solution ratio is 100ml / m³. The ratio of each bacterial species added is 35g / m³ for photosynthetic bacteria and 1g / m³ for the others. During this period, monitor trace element indicators: calcium 120-150mg / L, magnesium 360-450mg / L, potassium 120-150mg / L, and total alkalinity 120-220mg / L. When all indicators are within the control range, the water preparation period in aquaculture ponds ends. After the water preparation periods in both biological and aquaculture ponds are completed, check the performance of all machinery, turn on the circulating water, start all machinery, and enter the aquaculture stage.

[0027] S6. Algae Cultivation Period: Algae are cultivated in the cultivation pond. Algae seeds can be introduced in the early stage of cultivation. The waterwheel aerator can provide good water circulation and avoid the problem of excessively cutting algal cells by high-speed aerators. Appropriate water flow can ensure the uniform distribution of light and nutrients and full contact with carbon dioxide in the air for photosynthesis. After the microfiltration machine is turned on at the beginning of cultivation, aquaculture wastewater will flow into the cultivation pond every day. The aquaculture wastewater contains elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron, which contain nutrients required for the growth of Chlorella, and can realize the cultivation of algae in wastewater. In the early stage of cultivation, the amount of wastewater is small, and commercial culture medium can be used as algae nutrient solution. In the later stage of cultivation, the amount of wastewater increases, which can provide sufficient nutrients for Chlorella. In the later stage of cultivation, the algae solution is combined with shrimp farming and algae solution sales, which reduces costs and provides a solution for the reuse of aquaculture wastewater, reducing the harm to the environment.

[0028] S7. Early Stage Aquaculture Method: In the early stage of aquaculture, a water circulation method is adopted. 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis are added to the aquaculture pond daily. The aquaculture temperature is monitored daily at 25-30℃, dissolved oxygen at 6-9mg / L, pH at 7.8-8.6mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0-0.5mg / L, nitrite at 0-0.1mg / L, calcium at 120-150mg / L, magnesium at 360-450mg / L, potassium at 120-150mg / L, and total alkalinity at 120-220mg / L. If the values ​​change too much, adjustments should be made in a timely manner according to the water preparation stage method.

[0029] S8. Late-stage culture method: In the later stage of culture, a late-stage water circulation method is adopted. Add 3L of Chlorella stock solution, 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis to the culture pond daily. Due to the increase in feed residue and feces in the later stage of culture, add 30g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and 60g of sodium acetate to the biological treatment tank daily. Monitor the temperature daily between 25-30℃, dissolved oxygen between 6-9mg / L, and pH between 7.8 and 7.9mg / L. The recommended values ​​are: ammonia nitrogen 0-0.3 mg / L, nitrite 0-0.1 mg / L, calcium 120-150 mg / L, magnesium 360-450 mg / L, potassium 120-150 mg / L, and total alkalinity 120-220 mg / L. During the seedling stage, ammonia nitrogen can be slightly higher, within 0.5 mg / L. In the later stages of aquaculture, it should be controlled within 0.3 mg / L. If the values ​​change too much, adjustments should be made in a timely manner according to the water preparation stage method.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution, the initial water circulation method is as follows: fresh water is supplied from an external water source to the circulation tank, fresh water is then supplied from the circulation tank to the aquaculture tank, water is supplied from the aquaculture tank to the ozone disinfection tank, and the water is purified under the action of the ozone generator. The purified water enters the biochemical tank and is biologically purified by the moving bed biofilm reactor. After that, the water flows back to the circulation tank, and then the particulate wastewater filtered by the microfilter flows into the algae cultivation tank. The algae liquid in the algae cultivation tank flows into the aquaculture tank, and the filtered clean water flows back to the aquaculture tank, thus realizing the recycling of water.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution, the subsequent water circulation method is as follows: water in the aquaculture pond enters the microfilter, the microfilter filters out particulate wastewater which flows into the algae cultivation pond, the filtered clean water flows from the circulation pond into the biological treatment pond, the water in the biological treatment pond enters the ozone disinfection pond, the clean water after ozone disinfection flows back to the aquaculture pond, and the algae liquid in the algae cultivation pond flows into the aquaculture pond, thus realizing the recycling of water. Beneficial effects

[0032] This invention provides a method for the industrialized aquaculture of aquatic animals based on synergistic bacterial-algae culture. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. This invention, by setting up a breeding pond, an ozone disinfection pond, a biochemical pond, a microfiltration machine, an oxygen supply system, and an algae cultivation pond, can achieve water purification and reduce water pollution, thereby solving the problems of low survival rate and frequent disease outbreaks.

[0034] 2. This invention achieves zero-discharge water recycling by combining two methods: early-stage and late-stage aquaculture cycles, thus helping farmers achieve scientific management and intelligent operation of the aquaculture process.

[0035] 3. This invention enables better utilization of aquaculture wastewater through the cultivation of algae. The algae absorb nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater and decompose organic matter and other substances in the wastewater, ensuring better algae reproduction. At this stage, the algae can not only provide nutrients for the farmed animals in the aquaculture pond, but also package and sell the cultivated Chlorella, reducing costs, mitigating environmental harm, and achieving zero-discharge water recycling.

[0036] 4. This invention provides a formula for calculating the water volume of an algae cultivation pond, and designs an aeration method, an algae cultivation period management method, and an algae usage method that meet the growth needs of Chlorella, thereby reducing costs, mitigating environmental hazards, and achieving zero-discharge water recycling. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aquatic animal factory farming system based on the synergy of bacteria and algae according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2This is a floor plan of the aquaculture workshop of the present invention.

[0039] The components include: 1. Aquaculture pond; 2. Ozone disinfection pond; 3. Biochemical pond; 4. Microfiltration unit; 5. Circulation pond; 6. External water source; 7. Water level control device; 9. Oxygen supply system; 91. Pure oxygen generator; 92. Dissolved oxygen cone; 93. Dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device; 101. Roche blower; 111. Thermostat; 112. Temperature monitoring device; 13. Main control cabinet; and 14. Algae cultivation pond. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0041] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a factory farming system for aquatic animals based on synergistic bacteria and algae, including a farming workshop and an algae cultivation pond 14. The farming workshop includes a farming pond 1, an ozone disinfection pond 2, a biochemical pond 3, a microfilter 4, a circulation pond 5, an external water source 6, an oxygen supply system 9, a Roche blower 101, and a main control cabinet 13. The farming pond 1, the ozone disinfection pond 2, the biochemical pond 3, the microfilter 4, the circulation pond 5, the external water source 6, and the algae cultivation pond 14 are all connected together by water supply pipes. The farming pond 1 and the circulation pond 5 are each equipped with a water level control device 7. The farming pond 1 and the biochemical pond 3 are each equipped with a dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device 93. The farming pond 1 and the circulation pond 5 are each equipped with a temperature monitoring device 112 and a constant temperature machine 111. The oxygen supply system 9 is connected to the farming pond 1 and the biochemical pond 3 through an air supply pipe. The Roche blower 101 is installed on the water supply pipe between the farming pond 1 and the algae cultivation pond 14.

[0042] The oxygen supply system 9 includes a pure oxygen generator 91 and a dissolved oxygen cone 92, and the algae cultivation tank 14 is equipped with a waterwheel aerator.

[0043] Algae cultivation pond 14 has a racetrack-style structure with multiple interconnected tracks. Waterwheels are installed inside the tracks to circulate the water along them.

[0044] The external water source 6, water level control device 7, oxygen supply system 9, dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device 93, constant temperature machine 111, and temperature monitoring device 112 are all controlled by the main control cabinet 13.

[0045] The formula for calculating the water volume of algae cultivation pond 14 is: Z = AVBFPC / D;

[0046] Z represents the volume of the algae cultivation pond, in m3;

[0047] A, Expected aquaculture yield, in kg / m3;

[0048] V, the volume of the aquaculture water body, in m3;

[0049] B, Phosphorus content in feed, in %

[0050] F represents the conventional feed conversion ratio of animals raised under this farming model;

[0051] P, feed utilization rate, in %, usually taken as 60%;

[0052] C is the coefficient of phosphorus conversion in Chlorella, usually taken as 100;

[0053] D, the cultivation density of Chlorella, in kg / m3;

[0054] This invention embodiment has a total of 20 aquaculture ponds (e.g. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, each aquaculture pond has a volume of 30 m3, and the total volume of aquaculture water is 600 m3; the expected yield is 20 kg / m3; the phosphorus content in the feed is 1.5%; the feed conversion ratio is 1.2; the feed utilization rate is 60%; the phosphorus conversion coefficient to Chlorella is 100; the aquaculture density of Chlorella is 5 kg / m3; therefore, the volume of water in algae cultivation pond 14 is calculated to be 2592 m3 using the formula: Z=AVBFPC / D.

[0055] The ozone disinfection tank 2 is equipped with an ozone disinfection machine, and the biochemical tank 3 is equipped with a moving bed biofilm reactor.

[0056] Among them, the aquaculture pond 1 is used to raise animals and algae. The sewage from the aquaculture pond 1 flows into the algae cultivation pond 14 to provide nutrients for Chlorella. A small amount of Chlorella from the algae cultivation pond 14 is continuously returned to the aquaculture pond to purify the water and prevent the algae from aging.

[0057] Ozone disinfection pool 2 is used to eliminate plankton, viruses, remove heavy metal ions and various organic impurities in the water, and has the effects of sterilization, disinfection and deodorization, and can better disinfect feed residue and fecal water in aquaculture pool 1.

[0058] A moving bed biofilm reactor (using MBBR suspended packing as an example) is added to biological tank 3 for natural biofilm formation filtration and animal health products for biological purification. The addition of MBBR suspended packing can better replenish the organic suspended granular water flowing into the biological tank for biological purification. After the system starts feeding, microorganisms will gradually attach to the MBBR suspended packing, with nitrifying bacteria being the dominant species. Nitrifying bacteria are divided into nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria. Nitrite bacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite, and nitrate bacteria then convert nitrite into harmless nitrate. Nitrate can be used directly as a nutrient for algae cultivation. The proportion of biological tank 3 to aquaculture tank 1 is not less than 20%.

[0059] Microfilter 4 discharges the excrement and metabolites generated in the aquaculture pond into algae cultivation pond 14;

[0060] Algae cultivation pond 14 is used for cultivating algae in aquaculture pond 1, and is equipped with eight paddle wheel-type waterwheels (such as...). Figure 2 (as shown)

[0061] The waterwheel aerator in algae cultivation pond 14 provides continuous aeration 24 hours a day, which promotes the full dissolution of bio-fertilizers and organic matter produced by metabolic substances in the aquaculture water, and provides sufficient light, which can achieve the effect of rapid expansion and reproduction of algae.

[0062] The water level control device 7 in the breeding pond 1 and the circulation pond 5 can control the start and stop of water replenishment. Specifically, when the water level in the circulation pond 5 is lower than the set height, the water level control device 7 controls the water from the external water source 6 to automatically replenish the circulation pond 5. When the water levels in the breeding pond 1 and the circulation pond 5 are lower than the set height, the water level control device 7 controls the water in the circulation pond 5 to automatically replenish the breeding pond 1. When the water level in the corresponding pond reaches the set height, the water level control device 7 controls the water replenishment to automatically stop.

[0063] A track is installed above the breeding pond 1, and an automatic feeder is installed on the track so that the automatic feeder can automatically feed the feeder to the feed platform on time and in the amount according to the set feeding parameters. A monitoring device is installed at the feed platform to obtain information on the remaining feed and adjust the feeding parameters of the automatic feeder according to the information on the remaining feed to achieve precise feeding and further reduce waste.

[0064] The oxygen supply system 9 provides sufficient oxygen for the animals in the breeding pond 1 and the nitrifying bacteria in the biological pond 3. The pure oxygen generator 91 and the dissolved oxygen cone 92 are set to continuously supply oxygen to the breeding pond 1 and the biological pond 3 24 hours a day. The dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device 93 monitors the dissolved oxygen concentration in the breeding pond 1 and the biological pond 3 in real time. When the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water of the breeding pond 1 and the biological pond 3 is lower than the set value, the pure oxygen generator 91 starts and supplies oxygen to the corresponding pond through the dissolved oxygen cone 92. When the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water of the corresponding pond reaches the set value, the pure oxygen generator 91 automatically stops working.

[0065] The Roche blower 101 continuously aerates the aquaculture tank 1 24 hours a day. The water temperature of the aquaculture tank 1 and the circulation tank 5 is controlled at 27℃. When the temperature monitoring device 112 detects that the water temperature in the aquaculture tank 1 and the circulation tank 2 is lower than the set temperature, the thermostat 111 is automatically started to heat the water in the circulation tank 5. The water temperature in the aquaculture tank 1 is raised through the circulation tank 5. When the temperature monitoring device 112 detects that the water temperature in the aquaculture tank 1 or the circulation tank reaches the set temperature, the thermostat 111 automatically stops working.

[0066] The aquaculture pond 1, ozone disinfection pond 2, biochemical pond 3, and circulation pond 5 are all circular, with a diameter of 6m and a height of 1.55m per pond. The water volume in each pond can be maintained at 30m3. The pond body is made of PE material.

[0067] The intensive aquaculture method based on synergistic bacteria and algae includes the following specific steps:

[0068] Construction of Algae Cultivation Pool 14 (S1): Algae cultivation pool 14 is designed as a racetrack, 50 meters long and 18 meters wide, with each track 4.5 meters wide, for a total of four tracks. Low-shear, high-efficiency paddlewheel aerators are used within algae cultivation pool 14. Multiple paddlewheel aerators provide good water circulation while avoiding the problem of excessive shearing of algal cells by high-speed aerators. Appropriate water flow ensures uniform distribution of light and nutrients and allows for sufficient contact with carbon dioxide in the air for photosynthesis. The paddlewheel aerators in algae cultivation pool 14 have a paddle wheel diameter of approximately 0.5 meters and a body length of 2 meters, providing sufficient flow to a water depth of 1 meter. The paddle wheel speed is 30 revolutions per minute, ensuring sufficient water circulation without generating destructive shearing force on algal cells.

[0069] S2. Pretreatment: First, fill the breeding pond 1, ozone disinfection pond 2, biological pond 3 and circulation pond 5 with water, start the ozone disinfection machine inside the ozone disinfection pond 2, and circulate the water in the breeding pond 1, ozone disinfection pond 2, biological pond 3 and circulation pond 5 for 48 hours to remove organic matter, heavy metals and pathogens from the water and complete the preliminary purification.

[0070] S3, Biological Tank 3 Water Cultivation Period: Turn off the ozone disinfection machine, stop circulating water, and enter the bacterial cultivation stage of Biological Tank 3. The bacterial cultivation stage lasts for five days. On the first day, add 600g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria to the biological tank, along with 6kg each of sodium acetate and brown sugar as carbon sources, and turn on aeration. Add bacteria and carbon sources, and add 20g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria, 200g of sodium acetate, and 200g of brown sugar per cubic meter. From the second to the fifth day, add 150g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and 6kg of sodium acetate to each Biological Tank 3 every day. At this time, the proportion of aerobic denitrifying bacteria is 5g / m3 per day. During this period, aeration is always on, and nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and pH value are tested once a day until the nitrite and ammonia nitrogen values ​​are 0, indicating successful biofilm formation.

[0071] S4. Water quality control during the water cultivation period of biological tank 3: When the pH value drops to 7.5 mg / L during the water cultivation period, use 30 g / m3 of baking soda. When the pH value exceeds 8.2 mg / L, use 10 g / m3 of citric acid monohydrate to lower the pH value. Adjust the pH value to 8.6 mg / L. The ammonia nitrogen value will decrease accordingly. Note that when adjusting the pH value, the total alkalinity should not be lower than 120 mg / L. If the value is low, the amount of baking soda can be appropriately increased and added to biological tank 3.

[0072] S5. Water preparation period for aquaculture pond 1: The water preparation period for aquaculture pond 1 is the same as that for the biological treatment pond. Every day, add 3L of Chlorella stock solution, 750g of photosynthetic bacteria, 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis to each aquaculture pond 1. The ratio of Chlorella stock solution is 100ml / m3. The ratio of each bacterial species added is 35g / m3 for photosynthetic bacteria and 1g / m3 for the others. During this period, the trace element indicators are tested: calcium 150mg / L, magnesium 450mg / L, potassium 150mg / L, and total alkalinity 220mg / L. When all indicators are within the control range, the water preparation period for aquaculture pond 1 ends. After the water preparation periods for biological treatment pond 3 and aquaculture pond 1 are completed, check the performance of all machines, turn on the circulating water, turn on all machines, and enter the aquaculture stage.

[0073] S6. Algae Cultivation Period: Algae cultivation is carried out in algae cultivation pond 14. Algae seeds can be introduced in the early stage of cultivation. The waterwheel aerator can provide good water circulation and avoid the problem of excessive shearing of algal cells by high-speed aerators. Appropriate water flow can ensure the uniform distribution of light and nutrients and full contact with carbon dioxide in the air for photosynthesis. After the microfiltration machine is turned on at the beginning of cultivation, aquaculture wastewater will flow into the algae cultivation pond every day. The aquaculture wastewater contains elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron, which contain nutrients required for the growth of Chlorella, and can realize algae cultivation in wastewater. In the early stage of cultivation, the amount of wastewater is small, and commercial culture medium can be used as algae nutrient solution. In the later stage of cultivation, the amount of wastewater increases, which can provide sufficient nutrients for Chlorella. In the later stage of cultivation, the algae solution is combined with shrimp farming and algae solution sales, which reduces costs and provides a solution for the reuse of aquaculture wastewater, reducing the harm to the environment.

[0074] S7. Early Stage of Aquaculture: In the early stage of aquaculture, a water circulation method is adopted. 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis are added to the aquaculture pond daily. The aquaculture temperature is monitored daily at 30℃, dissolved oxygen is between 9mg / L, pH value is between 8.6mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is 0.5mg / L, nitrite is 0.1mg / L, calcium is 150mg / L, magnesium is 450mg / L, potassium is 150mg / L, and total alkalinity is 220mg / L. If the values ​​change too much, adjustments should be made in a timely manner according to the water preparation stage method.

[0075] S8. Later Stage Aquaculture Methods: In the later stage of aquaculture, a late-stage water circulation method is adopted. 3L of Chlorella stock solution, 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis are added to the aquaculture pond daily. Due to the increase in feed residue and feces in the later stage, 30g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and 60g of sodium acetate are added to the biological treatment pond daily. Daily monitoring is required for the following parameters: temperature between 30℃, dissolved oxygen between 9mg / L, pH between 8.6mg / L, ammonia nitrogen between 0.3mg / L, nitrite between 0.1mg / L, calcium between 150mg / L, magnesium between 450mg / L, potassium between 150mg / L, and total alkalinity between 220mg / L. Ammonia nitrogen can be slightly higher during the seedling stage, within 0.5mg / L, but should be controlled within 0.3mg / L in the later stage of aquaculture. If the values ​​change too much, adjustments should be made promptly according to the water cultivation stage method.

[0076] The initial water circulation method is as follows: fresh water is supplied from external water source 6 to circulation tank 5, fresh water is supplied from circulation tank 5 to aquaculture tank 1, water is supplied from aquaculture tank 1 to ozone disinfection tank 2, and water is purified under the action of ozone generator. The purified water enters biochemical tank 3 and is biologically purified by moving bed biofilm reactor. After that, the water flows back to circulation tank 5. Then, the particulate wastewater filtered by microfilter 4 flows into algae cultivation tank 14. The algae liquid in algae cultivation tank 14 flows into aquaculture tank 1. The filtered clean water flows back to aquaculture tank 1, realizing the recycling of water.

[0077] The subsequent water circulation method is as follows: the water in the aquaculture pond 1 enters the microfilter 4, the microfilter 4 filters out particulate wastewater and flows into the algae cultivation pond 14, the filtered clean water flows from the circulation pond 5 into the biological treatment pond 3, the water in the biological treatment pond 3 enters the ozone disinfection pond 2, the clean water after ozone disinfection flows back to the aquaculture pond 1, and the algae liquid in the algae cultivation pond 14 flows into the aquaculture pond 1, thus realizing the recycling of water.

[0078] Each water supply pipe is equipped with a valve. When the circulation mode is the initial water circulation mode, the valves on the water supply pipes between the external water source 6 and the circulation pool 5, the circulation pool 5 and the aquaculture pool 1, the aquaculture pool 1 and the ozone disinfection pool 2, the ozone disinfection pool 2 and the biochemical pool 3, the biochemical pool 3 and the circulation pool 5, the circulation pool 5 and the microfilter 4, the microfilter 4 and the algae cultivation pool 14, and the algae cultivation pool 14 and the aquaculture pool 1 are all in the open state, and the valves on the other water supply pipes are all in the closed state.

[0079] When the circulation mode is the late-stage water circulation mode, the valves on the water supply pipes between aquaculture pond 1 and microfilter 4, between microfilter 4 and algae cultivation pond 14, between microfilter 4 and circulation pond 5, between circulation pond 5 and biological pond 3, between biological pond 3 and ozone disinfection pond 2, between ozone disinfection pond 2 and aquaculture pond 1, and between algae cultivation pond 14 and aquaculture pond 1 are all in the open state, and the valves on the remaining water supply pipes are all in the closed state.

[0080] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for intensive aquaculture of aquatic animals using a synergistic bacteria-algae system, characterized by: The aquaculture system includes an aquaculture workshop and an algae cultivation pond. The aquaculture workshop includes an aquaculture pond, an ozone disinfection pond, a biochemical pond, a microfiltration unit, a circulation pond, an external water source, an oxygen supply system, a Roche blower, and a main control cabinet. The aquaculture pond, ozone disinfection pond, biochemical pond, microfiltration unit, circulation pond, external water source, and algae cultivation pond are all connected together by water supply pipelines. The aquaculture pond and circulation pond are equipped with water level control devices, dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring devices, temperature monitoring devices, and thermostats. The oxygen supply system is connected to the aquaculture pond and biochemical pond via an air supply pipeline. The Roche blower is installed on the water supply pipeline between the aquaculture pond and the algae cultivation pond. The oxygen supply system includes a pure oxygen generator and a dissolved oxygen cone, and the algae cultivation tank is equipped with a waterwheel aerator. The external water source, water level control device, oxygen supply system, dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device, constant temperature machine, and temperature monitoring device are all controlled by the main control cabinet. The method includes the following specific steps: S1. Construction of the algae cultivation pond: The algae cultivation pond is designed as a racetrack, 50 meters long and 18 meters wide, with each racetrack 4.5 meters wide, for a total of four racetracks. The algae cultivation pond is equipped with multiple waterwheel-type aerators. The waterwheel-type aerators in the algae cultivation pond have a paddle wheel diameter of 0.5 meters and a body length of 2 meters, which can provide sufficient flow for water bodies 1 meter deep. The paddle wheel speed is 30 revolutions per minute, which can ensure that the water body is fully circulated without generating destructive shearing force on the algae cells. S2. Pretreatment: First, fill the breeding pond, ozone disinfection pond, biological pond and circulation pond with water, start the ozone disinfection machine inside the ozone disinfection pond, and circulate the water in the breeding pond, ozone disinfection pond, biological pond and circulation pond for 48 hours to remove organic matter, heavy metals and pathogens in the water and complete the preliminary purification. S3. Biological Tank Water Cultivation Period: Turn off the ozone disinfection machine, stop circulating water, and enter the biological tank cultivation stage, which lasts for five days. On the first day, add 600g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria to the biological tank, along with 6kg each of sodium acetate and brown sugar as carbon sources, and turn on aeration. Add bacteria and carbon sources at a rate of 20g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria, 200g of sodium acetate, and 200g of brown sugar per cubic meter. From the second to the fifth day, add 150g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and 6kg of sodium acetate to each biological tank daily. At this time, the proportion of aerobic denitrifying bacteria is 5g / m³ per day. 3 During this period, aeration was kept on, and nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and pH were tested once a day until the nitrite and ammonia nitrogen values ​​reached 0, indicating successful biofilm formation. S4. Water quality control during the cultivation period of the biological treatment tank: When the pH value drops to 7.5 mg / L during the cultivation period, add 30 g / m³ of baking soda. 3 When the pH value exceeds 8.2 mg / L, use 10 g / m³ of citric acid monohydrate. 3 To lower the pH value, adjust the pH value to 8.2-8.6 mg / L. The ammonia nitrogen value will decrease accordingly. Note that when adjusting the pH value, the total alkalinity should not be lower than 120 mg / L. If the value is low, add an appropriate amount of baking soda to the biological treatment tank. S5. Water Preparation Period in Aquaculture Ponds: The water preparation period in aquaculture ponds is the same as that in biological treatment ponds. Add 3L of Chlorella stock solution, 750g of photosynthetic bacteria, 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis to each aquaculture pond daily. The Chlorella stock solution ratio is 100ml / m³. 3 The ratio of each bacterial strain added is 35g / m³ for photosynthetic bacteria. 3 The rest are 1g / m 3 During this period, trace element indicators are tested: calcium 120-150 mg / L, magnesium 360-450 mg / L, potassium 120-150 mg / L, and total alkalinity 120-220 mg / L. When all indicators are within the control range, the water cultivation period of the aquaculture pond ends. After the water cultivation period of the biological tank and the aquaculture pond ends, check the performance of all machines, turn on the circulating water, turn on all machines, and enter the aquaculture stage. S6. Algae Cultivation Period: Algae are cultivated in the cultivation pond. Algae seeds are introduced in the early stage of cultivation. A waterwheel aerator provides good water circulation, while avoiding the problem of excessively cutting algal cells by high-speed aerators. Appropriate water flow ensures uniform distribution of light and nutrients, and allows for sufficient contact with carbon dioxide in the air for photosynthesis. After the microfiltration machine is turned on at the start of cultivation, aquaculture wastewater flows into the cultivation pond every day. The aquaculture wastewater contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron, which contain nutrients required for the growth of Chlorella, thus realizing the cultivation of algae in wastewater. In the early stage of cultivation, the amount of wastewater is small, and commercial culture medium is used as the algae nutrient solution. In the later stage of cultivation, the amount of wastewater increases, providing sufficient nutrients for Chlorella. In the later stage of cultivation, the algae solution is combined with shrimp farming and algae solution sales, which reduces costs and provides a solution for the reuse of aquaculture wastewater, reducing environmental harm. S7. Early Stage Aquaculture Method: In the early stage of aquaculture, a water circulation method is adopted. 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis are added to the aquaculture pond daily. The aquaculture temperature is monitored daily at 25-30℃, dissolved oxygen at 6-9mg / L, pH at 7.8-8.6mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0-0.5mg / L, nitrite at 0-0.1mg / L, calcium at 120-150mg / L, magnesium at 360-450mg / L, potassium at 120-150mg / L, and total alkalinity at 120-220mg / L. If the values ​​change too much, adjustments should be made in a timely manner according to the water preparation stage method. S8. Late-stage culture method: In the later stage of culture, a late-stage water circulation method is adopted. Add 3L of Chlorella stock solution, 30g of Enterococcus faecalis, 30g of Candida utilis, and 30g of Bacillus subtilis to the culture pond daily. Due to the increase in feed residue and feces in the later stage of culture, add 30g of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and 60g of sodium acetate to the biological treatment tank daily. Monitor the temperature daily between 25-30℃, dissolved oxygen between 6-9mg / L, and pH between 7.8 and 7.9mg / L. The recommended values ​​are: ammonia nitrogen 0-0.3 mg / L, nitrite 0-0.1 mg / L, calcium 120-150 mg / L, magnesium 360-450 mg / L, potassium 120-150 mg / L, and total alkalinity 120-220 mg / L. During the seedling stage, ammonia nitrogen should be slightly higher, within 0.5 mg / L. In the later stages of aquaculture, it should be controlled within 0.3 mg / L. If the values ​​change too much, adjustments should be made in a timely manner according to the water preparation stage method.

2. The method for synergistic aquaculture of aquatic animals with bacterial and algal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The algae cultivation pond has a racetrack-like structure with multiple interconnected racetracks. Waterwheels are installed inside the racetracks to drive the water to circulate along the racetracks.

3. The method for synergistic aquaculture of aquatic animals with bacterial and algal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the water volume of the algae cultivation pond is: Z = AVBFPC / D; Z represents the volume of the algae cultivation pond, in meters (m). 3 ; A, Expected aquaculture yield, in kg / m³ 3 ; V, the volume of the aquaculture water body, in meters. 3 ; B, Phosphorus content in feed, in % F represents the conventional feed conversion ratio of animals raised under this farming model; P, feed utilization rate, in %, usually taken as 60%; C is the coefficient of phosphorus conversion in Chlorella, usually taken as 100; D, the cultivation density of Chlorella, in kg / m³. 3 .

4. The method for synergistic aquaculture of aquatic animals with bacteria and algae as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ozone disinfection tank is equipped with an ozone disinfection machine, and the biochemical tank is equipped with a moving bed biofilm reactor.

5. The method for synergistic aquaculture of aquatic animals with bacteria and algae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial water circulation process is as follows: fresh water is supplied from an external water source to the circulation tank, then from the circulation tank to the aquaculture tank, and finally from the aquaculture tank to the ozone disinfection tank. The water is purified under the action of an ozone generator. The purified water then enters the biochemical tank and is biologically purified by a moving bed biofilm reactor. After that, the water flows back into the circulation tank, and then the particulate wastewater filtered out by the microfiltration machine flows into the algae cultivation tank. The algae solution from the algae cultivation tank flows into the aquaculture tank, and the filtered clean water flows back into the aquaculture tank, thus realizing the recycling of water.

6. The method for synergistic aquaculture of aquatic animals with bacterial and algal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subsequent water circulation process is as follows: water in the aquaculture pond enters the microfilter, the microfilter filters out particulate wastewater which flows into the algae cultivation pond, the filtered clean water flows from the circulation pond into the biological treatment pond, the water in the biological treatment pond enters the ozone disinfection pond, the clean water after ozone disinfection flows back to the aquaculture pond, and the algae liquid in the algae cultivation pond flows into the aquaculture pond, thus realizing the recycling of water.

Images