A magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles.

Abstract

This invention discloses a magnetically controlled, recyclable oil collection device and method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles, relating to the field of oil-water separation technology. It solves the problems of high cost and secondary pollution associated with existing methods of large-area oil collection by spreading absorbent materials. The invention includes an oil collection tank, several magnets, and several adsorption separation discs. A floating module is installed on the outside of the oil collection tank, and two raw material feeding areas are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside. Two adsorption zones and two desorption separation zones are symmetrically arranged in the center between the two raw material feeding zones. The magnets are positioned above the adsorption separation discs, causing the magnetic oleophilic particles to be adsorbed onto the lower surface of the discs. This invention uses magnets to circulate the magnetic oleophilic particles between the adsorption and desorption separation zones, directly achieving oil-water separation from the water surface and realizing automatic oil collection. Simultaneously, the oil collection device floats on the water surface, allowing it to collect oil over a large area following the water flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil-water separation technology, specifically to a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles. Background Technology

[0002] Commonly used oil-water separation methods include mechanical methods, adsorption methods, and biodegradation methods.

[0003] Mechanical methods, using oil recovery devices for oil-water separation, offer advantages such as ease of use, resistance to marine organism adhesion, and ease of maintenance. However, they can only be installed on certain oil tankers, limiting their separation effectiveness and application scenarios. Biodegradation methods utilize microorganisms to degrade floating oil through a series of biochemical processes, achieving oil-water separation. This method is low-cost and pollution-free, but its long processing cycle and limited capacity hinder its widespread adoption. Adsorption methods, employing a wide range of materials and offering excellent oil-water separation, are considered one of the most effective technologies for solving oil-water separation problems. However, using adsorption materials to treat oil-water mixtures also presents several challenges. For example, activated carbon, carbonized fibers, and zeolite rely on their structures to adsorb oil, but suffer from low oil absorption capacity, poor oil-water selectivity, high cost, and limited desorption capacity. Recent developments of novel adsorption materials with good adsorption and oil-water selectivity remain problematic; however, optimizing their application for treating surface oil pollution in water bodies remains an challenge.

[0004] In recent years, oil spills have occurred frequently, causing enormous damage to the ecological environment. Statistics show that of the 3.2 billion tons of oil produced globally each year, approximately 1 / 1000, or 3.2 million tons, enters the ocean. Typically, one ton of oil can form an oil slick covering an area of ​​12 square kilometers at sea. This vast distribution area significantly increases the difficulty of dealing with surface oil spills. When an oil spill occurs, the oil layer rapidly spreads into a very thin oil film, greatly reducing the recovery efficiency of traditional skimmers. Oil spills are common in waters near oil fields and ports, harming the aquatic environment. Furthermore, waste oil from sewers is widely distributed, polluting community environments. Oil pollution problems in various scenarios urgently need to be addressed, making the research into economical and effective methods for treating oil spill pollution and oily wastewater imperative.

[0005] Currently, adsorption methods for treating oil pollution on water surfaces often require collecting oily wastewater or spreading oil-absorbing materials over a large area. Collecting oily wastewater involves significant manpower and energy consumption, increasing treatment costs and complexity; spreading oil-absorbing materials over a large area easily leads to leakage, and the large-scale discharge of most of this material is also harmful to the environment, causing secondary pollution. Therefore, a water surface oil pollution treatment device that directly separates oil and water on the water surface and effectively prevents leakage of oil-absorbing materials has broad development and application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of high cost and secondary pollution associated with existing methods of large-area oil collection by spreading absorbent materials, this invention proposes a magnetically controlled, recyclable oil collection device and method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles. This invention utilizes magnets to circulate the magnetic oleophilic particles between the adsorption and desorption separation zones, directly achieving oil-water separation from the water surface and realizing automatic oil collection. Simultaneously, the oil collection device floats on the water surface, allowing it to collect oil over a wide area by following the water flow.

[0007] This invention proposes a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles. Specifically, it includes an oil collection tank, several magnets, and several adsorption / separation discs. A floating module is installed outside the oil collection tank, and two raw material feeding areas are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside. Two adsorption areas and two desorption / separation areas are symmetrically arranged at the center of the two raw material feeding areas. The adsorption / separation discs include disc one, disc two, and disc three. Disc one and disc three are symmetrically arranged above the junctions of the raw material feeding areas, adsorption areas, and desorption / separation areas at both ends of the oil collection tank, while disc two is located at the center of the oil collection tank. The magnets include magnet one, two magnets two, and magnet three. Magnet one is positioned on disc one corresponding to the raw material feeding area and the desorption / separation area. The two magnets two are respectively positioned on disc two corresponding to the two adsorption areas. Magnet three is positioned on disc three corresponding to the raw material feeding area and the desorption / separation area. The bottom of the adsorption area is connected to the outside. Several magnetic oleophilic particles are provided in the raw material feeding area.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower surface of the adsorption separation disk is a rough surface.

[0009] Furthermore, magnet one and magnet three have a 270-degree sector structure, while magnet two has a 90-degree sector structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil collection tank is provided with two oil outlets on its outer side, and the oil outlets are connected to the desorption separation zone.

[0011] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided in the desorption separation zone.

[0012] Furthermore, the mesh size of the filter screen is smaller than the diameter of the magnetic oleophilic particles.

[0013] Furthermore, the desorption separation zone is provided with a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and sodium hydroxide.

[0014] Furthermore, several wind turbines are installed on the oil collection tank.

[0015] An oil collection method employing the above-mentioned magnetically controlled recyclable self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Fill the raw material feeding area with magnetic oleophilic particles and place the device on the surface of water with floating oil.

[0017] Step 2: Under the action of the magnet, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the adsorption separation disk and rotate with the adsorption separation disk; when rotating to the adsorption zone, the magnetic oleophilic particles fall into the adsorption zone under the action of gravity to adsorb oil.

[0018] Step 3: After absorbing oil, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the second disk under the action of the magnet and rotate with the second disk to the top of the desorption separation zone and fall into it for oil desorption.

[0019] Step 4: The desorbed magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of disk three under the action of the magnet and rotate with disk three to the adjacent adsorption area for oil adsorption.

[0020] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 several times;

[0021] Step 6: Discharge the liquid from the desorption separation zone through the oil outlet.

[0022] Furthermore, the magnetic oleophilic particles are magnetically responsive superhydrophobic coffee grounds.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles described in this invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) The present invention provides a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and oil collection method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles, which overcomes the problems of high cost and easy secondary pollution caused by the existing large-area oil collection method of spreading oil-absorbing materials. By controlling the magnetic oleophilic particles to circulate between the adsorption zone and the desorption separation zone, the utilization rate of the magnetic oleophilic particles is effectively improved and pollution is avoided.

[0025] (2) The magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and oil collection method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles described in this invention have a floating module set outside the oil collection tank, so that the whole device can flow with the water flow, thereby expanding the oil collection range.

[0026] (3) The magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and oil collection method based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles described in this invention generates electricity through a wind turbine, which is stored in a battery and used to power the adsorption and separation disc during operation, thereby improving the overall endurance of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0028] In the attached diagram:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles, as described in this invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles, as described in this invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles, as described in this invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the oil collection tank of a magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to the present invention.

[0033] Wherein: 1-Magnet, 2-Adsorption separation disc, 3-Wind turbine, 4-Raw material feeding area, 5-Adsorption area, 6-Desorption separation area, 7-Oil outlet, 8-Filter screen, 9-Disc one, 10-Disc two, 11-Disc three, 12-Magnet one, 13-Magnet two, 14-Magnet three, 15-Oil collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] Specific implementation method one: See Figures 1-4 This embodiment is described in detail. The magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles described in this embodiment specifically includes an oil collection tank 15, several magnets 1, and several adsorption and separation discs 2. A floating module is provided outside the oil collection tank 15. The floating module is composed of foam, and two raw material feeding areas 4 are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside. Two adsorption areas 5 and two desorption and separation areas 6 are symmetrically arranged in the center between the two raw material feeding areas 4. Figure 4 As shown; the adsorption separation disk 2 includes disk one 9, disk two 10 and disk three 11. Disk one 9 and disk three 11 are symmetrically arranged above the junction of the raw material feeding area 4, adsorption area 5 and desorption separation area 6 at both ends of the oil collecting tank 15. Disk two 10 is arranged in the center of the oil collecting tank 15. That is, half of the area of ​​disk one 9 and disk three 11 is located above the raw material feeding area 4, and the remaining two quarter areas are located above the adjacent adsorption area 5 and desorption separation area 6. The four quarter areas of disk two 10 are located above the two adsorption areas 5 and the two desorption separation areas 6, respectively.

[0036] Magnet 1 includes magnet one 12, two magnets two 13, and magnet three 14. Magnet one 12 is mounted on disk one 21 via a support, corresponding to the positions of raw material feeding area 4 and desorption separation area 6. The two magnets two 13 are mounted on disk two 10 via supports, corresponding to the positions of the two adsorption areas 5, forming a centrally symmetrical structure. Magnet three 14 is mounted on disk three 11 via a support, corresponding to the positions of raw material feeding area 4 and desorption separation area 6. Figure 1 As shown; the bottoms of the raw material feeding area 4 and the desorption separation area 6 are sealed and waterproof, while the bottom of the adsorption area 5 is connected to the outside; the raw material feeding area 4 is equipped with several magnetic oleophilic particles. Several motors are installed inside the oil collection tank 15, which drive the adsorption separation disk 2 to rotate, while the several magnets 1 do not rotate.

[0037] The lower surface of the adsorption separation disk 2 is a rough surface. When the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the adsorption separation disk 2 under the action of the magnet 1, the magnetic oleophilic particles can be made to rotate together with the adsorption separation disk 2.

[0038] Magnet 12 and Magnet 34 have a 270-degree sector structure, and Magnet 23 has a 90-degree sector structure.

[0039] Two oil outlets 7 are provided on the outside of the oil collection tank 15, and the oil outlets 7 are connected to the desorption separation zone 6.

[0040] A filter screen 8 is provided in the desorption separation zone 6. The mesh size of the filter screen 8 is smaller than the diameter of the magnetic oleophilic particles; this prevents the desorbed magnetic oleophilic particles from sinking to the bottom of the desorption separation zone 6.

[0041] The desorption separation zone 6 is equipped with a treatment solution, which is a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and sodium hydroxide, to desorb the oil.

[0042] The oil collection tank 15 is equipped with several wind turbines 3, which generate electricity and store it in a battery to drive the adsorption separation disk 2 to rotate.

[0043] The adsorption separation disk 2, wind turbine 3, oil collection tank 15, and oil outlet 7 are all made of non-magnetic materials.

[0044] An oil collection method employing the above-mentioned magnetically controlled recyclable self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Fill the raw material feeding area 4 with magnetic oleophilic particles and place the device on the surface of water with floating oil.

[0046] Step 2: Under the action of magnet 1, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of adsorption separation disk 2. The adsorption separation disk 2 is driven by a motor to rotate, and the magnetic oleophilic particles follow the rotation of the adsorption separation disk 2. When the magnetic oleophilic particles on the lower surface of disk 19 and disk 311 rotate to the adsorption zone 5, they fall into the adsorption zone 5 under the action of gravity to adsorb oil.

[0047] Step 3: After absorbing oil, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the second disk 10 under the action of the magnet 1, and fall into the desorption separation zone 6 as the second disk 10 rotates, thus desorbing the oil.

[0048] Step 4: The magnetic oleophilic particles that have completed desorption are adsorbed onto the lower surface of disk 311 under the action of magnet 1 and rotate with disk 311 to another adjacent adsorption zone 5 for oil adsorption.

[0049] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 several times. Under the action of magnet 1 and adsorption separation disk 2, the magnetic oleophilic particles continuously circulate in a counterclockwise direction between the two adsorption zones 5 and the two desorption separation zones 6.

[0050] Step 6: After collecting the oil, discharge the liquid from the desorption separation zone 6 through the oil outlet 7.

[0051] The magnetic oleophilic particles are magnetically responsive superhydrophobic coffee grounds. The magnetically responsive superhydrophobic coffee grounds are obtained through the following method:

[0052] (1) First, 40g of coffee grounds were soaked in 200mL of 5wt% NaOH aqueous solution and treated with delignin at a constant temperature of 90℃ for 2h. After soaking, the coffee grounds were washed, filtered and dried to obtain deligninated coffee grounds with a large amount of fatty acids and lignin removed.

[0053] (2) Weigh the above-mentioned deligated coffee grounds, add water (about 30 ml) and stir until uniform, then add ferric chloride hexahydrate (5.837 g) and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (4.5 g) in sequence, continue mechanical stirring for 10 min, heat to 90°C in a water bath, then quickly add 4 mol / L sodium hydroxide until the pH is 10-11, continue stirring in a constant temperature water bath for 30 min, and obtain a pure magnetized coffee grounds sample after cooling, magnetic separation and washing.

[0054] (3) Soak 10g of the magnetized coffee grounds prepared above in 40mL of ethanol and mechanically stir at 400r / min for 30min to ensure that the coffee grounds are thoroughly soaked in ethanol. Prepare 30mL of ammonia / ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ammonia to ethanol is 1:5) and add the prepared ammonia / ethanol solution to the coffee grounds being stirred. Prepare 70mL of tetraethyl silicate / ethanol solution (the volume ratio of tetraethyl silicate to ethanol is 1:13) and add the prepared tetraethyl silicate / ethanol solution to the coffee grounds. React fully at room temperature for 12h. Finally, magnetically recover the reacted coffee grounds, take the filter residue and dry it at 70℃ to obtain the magnetized coffee grounds supported by nano-silica, named SiO2@Fe3O4-delignified coffee grounds.

[0055] (4) Prepare a 140 ml mixed solution of HDTMS / ethanol, with a volume ratio of HDTMS (hexadecyltrimethoxysilane) to ethanol of 1:140; then add the SiO2@Fe3O4-delignified coffee grounds obtained above to the HDTMS / ethanol mixed solution, seal, and react at room temperature for 12 h. After the reaction is complete, magnetically recover the solid and wash it sequentially with ethanol and deionized water. Then dry the washed coffee grounds in a forced-air drying oven at 80℃ to obtain dried superhydrophobic SiO2@Fe3O4-delignified coffee grounds, which is a magnetically responsive oil-absorbing material based on porous waste coffee grounds.

[0056] The specific working process of the magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles described in this invention is as follows:

[0057] The oil collection device is floated on the surface of water with floating oil. Simultaneously, several magnetic oleophilic particles are placed in the raw material feeding area 4. Three adsorption and separation discs 2 are driven by a motor, and under the action of magnets 1, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the adsorption and separation discs 2 and rotated together. When the magnetic oleophilic particles on the lower surface of disc 9 and disc 11 are brought above the adsorption area 5, since the magnets 1 above disc 9 and disc 11 do not cover the adsorption area 5, they cannot continue to adsorb the magnetic oleophilic particles onto the lower surface of disc 9 and disc 11. Therefore, the magnetic oleophilic particles on the lower surface of disc 9 fall into the adsorption area 5 next to disc 9, and the magnetic oleophilic particles on the lower surface of disc 11 fall into the adsorption area 5 next to disc 11. The magnetic oleophilic particles that fall into the adsorption area 5 begin to absorb oil. After absorbing oil, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the second disc 10 by the magnet 2 13. The rotation of the second disc 10 carries them above the desorption separation zone 6. Since the magnet 2 13 is only positioned above the adsorption zone 5, the magnetic oleophilic particles lose their magnetic force and fall into the desorption separation zone 6 under gravity. The oil adsorbed on the magnetic oleophilic particles is desorbed into a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and sodium hydroxide, and then falls onto the filter screen 8, thus completing one cycle of oil adsorption and separation. Subsequently, under the action of the first disc 9 and the third disc 11, the magnetic oleophilic particles continuously circulate counterclockwise between the two adsorption zones 5 and the two desorption separation zones 6. When oil discharge is required, the oil outlet 7 is opened to discharge the mixed solution. The oil is then separated by distillation, completing the oil extraction process.

[0058] In summary, the magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles described in this invention overcomes the problems of high cost and secondary pollution associated with existing methods of large-area oil collection by scattering oil-absorbing materials. By using magnetic force to control the circulation of magnetic oleophilic particles between the adsorption zone 5 and the desorption separation zone 6, the utilization rate of the magnetic oleophilic particles is effectively improved, and pollution is avoided. Furthermore, the magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and method described in this invention include a floating module outside the oil collection tank 15, allowing the entire device to flow with the water flow and expanding the oil collection range. Finally, the magnetically controlled recyclable oil collection device and method described in this invention utilizes a wind turbine generator 3 to generate electricity, which is stored in a battery and used to power the rotation of the adsorption separation disc 2 during operation, thus improving the overall endurance of the device.

[0059] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. They can also be reasonable combinations of the features described in the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles, characterized in that: The system includes an oil collection tank (15), several magnets (1) and several adsorption separation discs (2). The oil collection tank (15) is equipped with a floating module on the outside and two raw material feeding areas (4) are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside. Two adsorption areas (5) and two desorption separation areas (6) are symmetrically arranged in the center of the two raw material feeding areas (4). The adsorption separation discs (2) include disc one (9), disc two (10) and disc three (11). Disc one (9) and disc three (11) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the oil collection tank (15). Disc two (10) is located in the center of the oil collection tank (15). Half of the area of ​​disc one (9) and disc three (11) is located above the raw material feeding area (4), and the remaining two quarter areas are located above the adjacent adsorption area (5) and desorption separation area (6). The four quarter areas of disc two (10) are located above the two adsorption areas (5) and the two desorption separation areas (6) respectively. Several motors are installed inside the oil collection tank (15). The motors drive the adsorption separation disk (2) to rotate, while several magnets (1) do not rotate. The magnet (1) includes magnet one (12), two magnet two (13) and magnet three (14). Magnet one (12) is set on disk one (9) corresponding to the positions of raw material feeding area (4) and desorption separation area (6). Two magnet two (13) are respectively set on disk two (10) corresponding to the positions of two adsorption areas (5). Magnet three (14) is set on disk three (11) corresponding to the positions of raw material feeding area (4) and desorption separation area (6). The bottom of the adsorption area (5) is connected to the outside. The raw material feeding area (4) is provided with several magnetic oleophilic particles.

2. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the adsorption separation disk (2) is a rough surface.

3. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first magnet (12) and the third magnet (14) are 270-degree sector structures, and the second magnet (13) is a 90-degree sector structure.

4. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two oil outlets (7) are provided on the outside of the oil collection tank (15), and the oil outlets (7) are connected to the desorption separation zone (6).

5. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A filter screen (8) is provided in the desorption separation zone (6).

6. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mesh size of the filter (8) is smaller than the diameter of the magnetic oleophilic particles.

7. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The desorption separation zone (6) is provided with a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and sodium hydroxide.

8. The magnetically controlled, recyclable, self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several wind turbines (3) are installed on the oil collection tank (15).

9. An oil collection method using the magnetically controlled recyclable self-floating oil collection device based on hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic particles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the raw material feeding area (4) with magnetic oleophilic particles and place the device on the surface of water with floating oil. Step 2: Under the action of the magnet (1), the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the adsorption separation disk (2) and rotate with the adsorption separation disk (2); when it rotates to the adsorption zone (5), under the action of gravity, the magnetic oleophilic particles fall into the adsorption zone (5) to adsorb oil. Step 3: After absorbing oil, the magnetic oleophilic particles are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the second disk (10) under the action of the magnet (1) and rotate with the second disk (10) to the desorption separation zone (6) and fall into it for oil desorption. Step 4: The magnetic oleophilic particles that have completed desorption are adsorbed onto the lower surface of disk three (11) under the action of magnet (1) and rotate with disk three (11) to the adjacent adsorption zone (5) for oil adsorption. Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 several times; Step 6: Discharge the liquid in the desorption separation zone (6) through the oil outlet (7).

10. The oil collection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The magnetic oleophilic particles are magnetically responsive superhydrophobic coffee grounds.

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