High-rigidity and high-slow-rebound composite fabric with multi-ply core-sheath structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-hardness and high-cushion composite fabric with a multiple core-skin structure and a preparation method thereof. The composite fabric comprises a base cloth and a third hardness finishing material compounded on the surface of the base cloth. The third hardness finishing material is aromatic polyurethane or aliphatic oily polyurethane, and the relative molecular weight is 50000-85000. The base cloth is formed by weaving core yarns, impregnating, calendering and heat treating the base cloth with a second hardness finishing material. The second hardness finishing material is non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane, and the relative molecular weight is 50000-80000. The core yarns are formed by impregnating, calendering and heat treating polyester, polyethylene or polypropylene raw yarns with a first finishing liquid. The first hardness finishing material is non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane, and the relative molecular weight is 45000-60000. The application forms a multiple core-skin composite structure with a soft core and a hard skin, has excellent hardness, toughness and a wide hardness change range within 60s, is not affected by temperature and humidity changes, and can maintain the strong supporting effect of the composite material for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile technology, specifically relating to a high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layer core-sheath structure and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Shooting suits are essential equipment for athletes during shooting. To ensure the stability of the athlete's shooting movements and provide strong protection for the cervical spine and lower back, meeting the demands of high-intensity, long-duration shooting training, athletes need to wear heavy, stiff, and highly protective clothing. Shooting suits are mostly made of fabric and leather, forming a complete set of clothing. The fabric is often made of thick canvas, and the process is technically demanding and requires considerable skill.

[0003] Currently, the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) charter and rules clearly stipulate that the shooting uniforms worn by air rifle athletes must have a fabric thickness of no more than 2.5 mm and a stiffness of no less than 3.0 mm. While domestic shooting uniform fabrics can meet the basic requirements of the ISSF's stiffness and thickness standards, they lack stiffness, viscoelasticity, and a substantial feel, making it difficult to meet the high demands of high-level shooters for the stability and support of the fabric. Foreign shooting uniform fabrics have poor durability and are greatly affected by environmental temperature and humidity, severely impacting the lifespan of the uniforms and requiring athletes to frequently change them. Table 1 shows the test results of some existing shooting uniform fabrics as a function of temperature and humidity.

[0004] Table 1. Weight variations of existing shooting uniform fabrics under different temperature and humidity conditions.

[0005]

[0006] Because existing finishing agents are very sensitive to temperature and humidity, the stiffness of shooting uniform fabrics changes with the ambient temperature and humidity. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layer core-sheath structure and its preparation method. The fabric is stiffened using a non-hygroscopic, heat-resistant, stiff, and elastic finishing agent in its molecular structure. Furthermore, a multi-layer functional structure design is employed to achieve a soft, elastic center with progressively harder outer layers, culminating in the hardest outermost layer. This achieves a balance of elasticity and stiffness, ensuring both durable stiffness and good elasticity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layer core-sheath structure includes a base fabric and a third-hardness finishing material laminated to the surface of the base fabric; the third-hardness finishing material is an aromatic polyurethane or an aliphatic oily polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 50,000 and 85,000; the third-hardness finishing material accounts for 10% to 30% of the fabric mass.

[0010] The base fabric is woven from core yarn as weft yarn and original yarn as warp yarn, and then impregnated with a second hardness finishing material, pressed, and heat-treated. The second hardness finishing material is a non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 50,000 and 80,000. The second hardness finishing material accounts for 10% to 30% of the mass of the base fabric.

[0011] The core yarn is made from at least one of polyester, polyethylene, and polypropylene raw materials, impregnated with a first finishing liquid, and then pressed and heat-treated. The first hardening finishing material and the second hardening finishing material may be the same or different. The first hardening finishing material is a non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 45,000 and 60,000. The first hardening finishing material accounts for 10 to 20% of the yarn mass.

[0012] The high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layered core-sheath structure, as described above, preferably has the following characteristics: the raw material yarn has a fineness of not less than 40 tex and a ply count of not less than 2; the base fabric has a warp density of 100-180 threads / 10cm, a weft density of 50-120 threads / 10cm, a thickness of 0.8-2.4mm, and a weight of not less than 500g / m². 2 .

[0013] The high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layer core structure as described above is preferably characterized by the first hardness finishing material being PT-536H polyurethane or LD-6209 polyurethane, the second hardness finishing material being PT-536H polyurethane or LD-6209 polyurethane, and the third hardness finishing material being MR-329 oil-based polyurethane.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layer core-sheath structure, which is composed of two or more layers of high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabrics with a multi-layer core-sheath structure as described above.

[0015] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layered core-sheath structure as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] I. Preparation of core yarn

[0017] The raw yarn is immersed in a finishing solution composed of the first hardness finishing material, followed by pressing and heat treatment; this step is performed once or twice to form core yarn;

[0018] II. Preparation of base fabric

[0019] The core yarn is used as the weft yarn and the original yarn is used as the warp yarn to weave a tightly woven canvas fabric. The fabric is then immersed in a finishing liquid composed of a second hardness finishing material, which may be the same as or different from the first hardness finishing material. Subsequently, it is pressed and heat-treated to form a base fabric.

[0020] III. Surface Composite Third Finishing Material

[0021] The base fabric is coated and heat-treated using a finishing liquid composed of a third-hardness finishing material. This step is performed once or twice to form a composite fabric with one or two layers of composite finishing material.

[0022] In the preparation method described above, preferably, the process conditions for the core yarn impregnation, pressing, and heat treatment in step I are as follows: impregnation time 0.5–360 min, pressure 0.01–0.40 MPa, heat treatment temperature 20–100 °C, and heat treatment time 1–300 min.

[0023] In the preparation method described above, preferably, the process conditions for step II, namely, impregnation time 1–360 min, pressure 0.01–0.40 MPa, heat treatment temperature 20–100 °C, and heat treatment time 1–300 min.

[0024] In the preparation method described above, preferably, the coating and heat treatment process conditions in step III are as follows: coating thickness 0.01-0.3 mm, 1-4 coating passes, heat treatment temperature 50-150°C, and heat treatment time 2-30 min.

[0025] The preparation method described above, preferably, further includes step IV: compounding the fabric obtained in step III into two or more layers, wherein the total thickness of the compounded fabric is less than or equal to 2.5 mm.

[0026] In another aspect, the present invention provides a high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layer core-sheath structure, which is prepared by the method described above.

[0027] This invention involves thoroughly impregnating polyester, polyethylene, or polypropylene yarns of a specific thickness and ply count into a first hardness finishing material of nonionic aliphatic polyurethane (relative molecular weight between 45,000 and 60,000), followed by pressing and heat treatment, repeated 1-2 times to form a core yarn. The core yarn is then used as the weft yarn, and the original yarn as the warp yarn to weave a tightly structured canvas. The canvas is then impregnated, pressed, and heat-treated in a second hardness finishing material of nonionic aliphatic polyurethane (relative molecular weight between 45,000 and 80,000), repeated 1-2 times to form a base fabric. Finally, the base fabric is coated and heat-treated with a third hardness finishing material of aromatic polyurethane or aliphatic oil-based polyurethane (relative molecular weight between 50,000 and 85,000). Specifically, the first hardness finishing material coats the core yarn to form a flexible core, the second hardness finishing material impregnates the base fabric to form a transitional intermediate layer with durable and stable properties, and the third hardness finishing material coats the base fabric to form a hard outer skin, further encapsulating the base fabric and isolating it from external elements.

[0028] This method forms a multi-layered yarn and fabric structure, utilizing the flexibility of polyol long-chain polyurethane and the stiffness of aromatic polyurethane to endow the composite fabric with excellent hardness, toughness and a wide hardness variation range within 60 seconds. Moreover, the hardness and elasticity are not affected by changes in environmental temperature and humidity, and can maintain the strong support of the composite material for a long time and effectively.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. Utilizing the molecular structure characteristics of waterborne polyurethane finishing agents, the flexible long chains of polyols in waterborne polyurethane, through bonding with yarns and base fabrics, impart better elasticity to composite fabrics, enabling them to maintain a wide range of hardness changes within a certain time and pressure. The resulting composite fabric exhibits a hardness change range of over 1 mm within 60 seconds. Oil-based polyurethane, adhering to the outer layer of the substrate, forms a strong, impermeable bond, giving the composite fabric excellent resistance to temperature and humidity changes. Within a humidity range of 18%-90%, the resulting composite fabric exhibits a hardness change of less than or equal to 0.3 mm.

[0031] 2. Through triple finishing treatment, this invention utilizes a multi-layered yarn and fabric structure to prepare a composite fabric with a hard outer layer and a soft core, which has excellent hardness, viscoelasticity, and a sense of weight, and maintains strong support over a long period of time.

[0032] 3. Through triple finishing treatment, the composite fabric prepared by this invention, with its multi-layered yarn and fabric structure, exhibits minimal changes in performance with temperature and humidity, and its hardness, toughness, and wide range of hardness variation within 60 seconds can be maintained for a long time. Detailed implementation method:

[0033] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention.

[0034] Some of the raw materials used in the following examples are from:

[0035] PT-536H polyurethane hardening finishing liquid: (relative molecular weight 50,000-60,000, Guangzhou Lvbao New Materials Co., Ltd.).

[0036] MR-329 Oil-based Polyurethane Hardening Finishing Liquid: (Relative molecular weight: 60,000-80,000, Guangdong Yisanqi Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.)

[0037] LD-6209 polyurethane hardening finishing liquid: (relative molecular weight: 50,000-70,000, Guangzhou Luodu New Materials Co., Ltd.).

[0038] HK-718 Waterborne Polyurethane Hardening Finishing Liquid: (Relative molecular weight: 90,000-100,000, Shandong Baihong New Material Co., Ltd.)

[0039] Example 1: Polyester multi-core composite fabric

[0040] 1. Preparation of polyester multi-core sheath composite fabric

[0041] I. Yarn treatment: Immerse a sufficient amount of 40Tex×9 polyester yarn in PT-536H polyurethane (relative molecular weight 50000~60000) as the first hardness finishing solution for 0.5h, roll at a pressure of 0.01MPa, and dry at 80℃ for 5min to obtain the core yarn.

[0042] II. Fabric weaving: The core yarn obtained in step I is used as the weft yarn and the original yarn is used as the warp yarn to weave a tight canvas with a warp density of 160 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 72 threads / 10cm.

[0043] III. Impregnation and finishing: The canvas is immersed in PT-536H polyurethane hardness finishing liquid for 0.5h, the rolling pressure is 0.01MPa, and it is dried at 80℃ for 30min to obtain the base fabric.

[0044] IV. Coating and finishing: MR-329 oil-based polyurethane (relative molecular weight: 60000~80000) was used as the third hardness finishing liquid to coat the base fabric. Four coats were applied using a doctor blade, with a total coating thickness of 0.1 mm. The fabric was then baked at 150℃ for 5 min to obtain a multi-core structure polyester fabric 1.

[0045] Repeat steps I to IV to obtain polyester fabric 2.

[0046] The polyester fabric 1 obtained in step IV is double-layered to obtain a polyester composite fabric.

[0047] 2. Hardness testing of composite fabrics

[0048] The stiffness test uses a garment thickness and stiffness gauge designated by the International Society of Photonics (ISP). The fabric is suspended in the middle on the testing platform, and a 1 kg force is applied to the center of the fabric with a weight. After the weight falls, the fabric sinks due to the weight; the depth of the indentation is the stiffness. The data displayed on the tester screen is the fabric stiffness value; the smaller the value, the greater the fabric stiffness. The larger the range of value change within the test time (0-60s), the better the viscoelasticity of the tested area, indicating that the fabric has good slow-response stiffness characteristics. When testing fabrics with slow-response stiffness characteristics, the stiffness is recorded at 0s, 30s, and 60s. Five stiffness measurements are taken for each piece of fabric, and the average value is recorded.

[0049] The properties of each fabric are shown in Table 2, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0050] Table 2. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0051]

[0052] Table 2 shows that the composite fabric has high hardness, excellent elasticity and moisture resistance. The initial hardness value of the single-layer fabric is less than 2.7, and the hardness change within 1 minute is 1.1-1.2 mm. The hardness change of the double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is not less than 0.9 mm, and the hardness change range is large. The initial hardness change range within the tested humidity range is less than 0.3 mm, and the weather resistance is good.

[0053] Example 2: Polyethylene multi-core composite fabric

[0054] I. Yarn treatment: Immerse a sufficient amount of 80Tex×5 polyethylene yarn in PT-536H polyurethane as the first hardness finishing solution for 0.5h, roll at a pressure of 0.01MPa, and dry at 60℃ for 30min to obtain the core yarn.

[0055] II. Fabric weaving: The core yarn obtained in step I is used as the weft yarn and the original yarn is used as the warp yarn to weave a tight canvas with a warp density of 162 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 75 threads / 10cm.

[0056] III. Impregnation and finishing: The canvas is immersed again in PT-536H polyurethane hardness finishing solution for 0.5h, rolled at a pressure of 0.1MPa, and dried at 80℃ for 30min to obtain the base fabric.

[0057] IV. Coating and finishing: MR-329 oil-based polyurethane was used as the third hardness finishing liquid to coat the base fabric. Four coats were applied using a doctor blade, with a total coating thickness of 0.15 mm. The coating was then baked at 150°C for 5 min to obtain a polyethylene fabric with a multi-layer core-sheath structure.

[0058] Repeat steps I through IV to obtain polyethylene fabric 2.

[0059] The polyethylene fabric 1 obtained in step IV is double-layered to obtain a polyethylene composite fabric.

[0060] The properties of each fabric are listed in Table 3, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0061] Table 3. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0062]

[0063] Table 3 shows that the composite fabric has high hardness, excellent elasticity and moisture resistance. The hardness change of the single-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is 1.1-1.2 mm, and the hardness change of the double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is not less than 0.9 mm, with a large range of hardness change. The initial hardness change range within the tested humidity range is 0.1 mm, indicating good weather resistance.

[0064] Example 3: Polyester multi-core composite fabric

[0065] I. Yarn treatment: Immerse a sufficient amount of 32Tex×13 polyester yarn in PT-536H polyurethane as the first hardness finishing solution for 1 hour, roll at a pressure of 0.01MPa, and dry at 80℃ for 3 minutes to obtain the core yarn.

[0066] II. Fabric Weaving: The core yarn obtained in step I is used as the weft yarn and the original yarn is used as the warp yarn to weave a tightly woven canvas. The warp density is 150 threads / 10cm, and the weft density is 80 threads / 10cm.

[0067] III. Waterborne polyurethane padding finishing: The canvas is immersed in LD-6209 polyurethane (relative molecular weight: 50000~70000) second hardness finishing solution for 0.5h, the rolling pressure is 0.1MPa, and it is dried at 80℃ for 30min to obtain the base fabric.

[0068] IV. Oil-based polyurethane coating finishing: Apply MR-329 oil-based polyurethane (relative molecular weight: 60000~80000) third hardness finishing liquid to the base fabric, apply two coats with a doctor blade, the total coating thickness is 0.05mm, and bake at 140℃ for 5min to obtain a multi-core structure polyester fabric 1.

[0069] Repeat steps I to IV to obtain polyester fabric 2.

[0070] The polyester fabric 1 obtained in step IV is double-layered to obtain a polyester composite fabric.

[0071] The properties of each fabric are shown in Table 4, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0072] Table 4. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0073]

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] I. Fabric weaving: 40Tex×9 polyester yarn is woven into a tight canvas with a warp density of 160 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 72 threads / 10cm.

[0076] II. Impregnation and finishing: The canvas is immersed in PT-536H polyurethane hardness finishing liquid for 0.5h, the rolling pressure is 0.01MPa, and it is dried at 80℃ for 30min to obtain the base fabric.

[0077] III. Coating and finishing: Apply MR-329 oil-based polyurethane hardening finishing liquid to the base fabric obtained in step II. Apply 4 coats using a doctor blade. The total coating thickness is 0.1 mm. Bake at 150°C for 5 min to obtain a simple structure polyester fabric 1.

[0078] Repeat steps I through III to obtain polyester fabric 2.

[0079] The polyester fabric 1 obtained in step III is used to make a double-layer polyester composite fabric.

[0080] The properties of each fabric are shown in Table 5, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0081] Table 5. Hardness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0082]

[0083] Table 5 shows that the initial hardness value is less than 2.5-2.7 mm, the hardness change of the single-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is 0.7-0.9 mm, and the hardness change of the double-layer composite fabric within 1 minute is the largest at 0.8 mm, which is less than that of Example 1. In summary, the composite fabric of Comparative Example 1 has higher hardness and moisture resistance, but its elasticity is far inferior to that of Example 1.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] I. Yarn treatment: Immerse a sufficient amount of 40Tex×9 polyester yarn in HK-718 waterborne polyurethane (relative molecular weight: 90000~100000) as the first hardness finishing solution for 1 hour, roll at a pressure of 0.01MPa, and dry at 80℃ for 3 minutes to obtain the core yarn.

[0086] II. Fabric Weaving: The core yarn obtained in step I is used as the weft yarn and the original yarn is used as the warp yarn to weave a tightly woven canvas. The warp density is 148 threads / 10cm, and the weft density is 78 threads / 10cm.

[0087] III. Waterborne polyurethane padding finishing: The canvas is impregnated in the second hardness finishing liquid HK-718 waterborne polyurethane (relative molecular weight: 90,000~100,000) for 0.5h, the rolling pressure is 0.01MPa, and it is dried at 80℃ for 30min to obtain the base fabric.

[0088] IV. Oil-based polyurethane coating finishing: Apply MR-329 oil-based polyurethane third hardness finishing liquid to the base fabric, apply two coats with a doctor blade, and the total coating thickness is 0.05 mm. Bake at 140℃ for 5 min to obtain a multi-core structure polyester fabric 1.

[0089] Repeat steps I to IV to obtain polyester fabric 2.

[0090] The polyester fabric 1 obtained in step IV is double-layered to obtain a polyester composite fabric.

[0091] The properties of each fabric are shown in Table 6, where the hardness test data are the hardness values ​​corresponding to 0s-30s-60s.

[0092] Table 6. Stiffness and thickness of composite fabrics

[0093]

[0094] Table 6 shows that when using hard water-based polyurethane as the core, the composite fabric has excessive hardness (less than 3 mm) and the range of hardness variation is significantly reduced. The hardness variation range obtained after 60 s is 0.4 mm.

Claims

1. A high-stiffness, high-elasticity fabric with a multi-layered core-sheath structure, characterized in that, Including the base fabric and the third hardness finishing material laminated to the base fabric surface; The third hardness finishing material is an aromatic oil-based polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 50,000 and 85,000; the third hardness finishing material accounts for 10% to 30% of the fabric mass; The base fabric is woven from core yarn as weft yarn and raw material yarn as warp yarn, and then impregnated with a second hardness finishing material, rolled, and heat-treated. The second hardness finishing material is a non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 50,000 and 80,000. The second hardness finishing material accounts for 10% to 30% of the weight of the base fabric. The core yarn is made from at least one of polyester, polyethylene, and polypropylene raw materials, impregnated with a first hardness finishing material, followed by pressing and heat treatment; the first hardness finishing material may be the same as or different from the second hardness finishing material, the first hardness finishing material is a non-ionic aliphatic polyurethane with a relative molecular weight between 45,000 and 60,000; the first hardness finishing material accounts for 10-20% of the yarn mass; The raw material yarn has a thickness of not less than 40 tex and a ply count of not less than 2; the base fabric has a warp density of 100-180 threads / 10cm, a weft density of 50-120 threads / 10cm, a thickness of 0.8-2.4mm, and a weight of not less than 500g / m². 2 ; The first hardness finishing material is PT-536H polyurethane or LD-6209 polyurethane, the second hardness finishing material is PT-536H polyurethane or LD-6209 polyurethane, and the third hardness finishing material is MR-329 oil-based polyurethane.

2. A high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layered core-sheath structure, characterized in that, It is composed of two or more layers of high-hardness, high-elasticity fabric with a multi-layer core structure as described in claim 1.

3. The method for preparing a high-hardness, high-elasticity fabric with a multi-layered core-sheath structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: I. Preparation of core yarn The raw yarn is immersed in a finishing solution composed of the first hardness finishing material, followed by pressing and heat treatment; this step is performed once or twice to form core yarn; II. Preparation of base fabric The core yarn is used as the weft yarn and the original yarn is used as the warp yarn to weave a tightly woven canvas fabric. The fabric is then immersed in a finishing liquid composed of a second hardness finishing material, which may be the same as or different from the first hardness finishing material. Subsequently, it is pressed and heat-treated to form a base fabric. III. Surface Composite Third Finishing Material The base fabric is coated and heat-treated using a finishing liquid composed of a third-hardness finishing material. This step is performed once or twice to form a fabric with one or two layers of composite finishing material.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process conditions for the core yarn impregnation, pressing, and heat treatment in step I are as follows: impregnation time 0.5–360 min, pressure 0.01–0.40 MPa, heat treatment temperature 20–100 °C, and heat treatment time 1–300 min.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The impregnation and heat treatment process conditions for step II are as follows: impregnation time 1–360 min, pressure 0.01–0.40 MPa, heat treatment temperature 20–100 °C, and heat treatment time 1–300 min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coating and heat treatment process conditions in step III are as follows: coating thickness 0.01-0.3 mm, 1-4 coating passes, heat treatment temperature 50-150℃, and heat treatment time 2-30 min.

7. The preparation method according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The method also includes step IV: compounding the fabric obtained in step III into two or more layers, such that the total thickness of the compounded fabric is less than or equal to 2.5 mm.

8. A high-hardness, high-elasticity composite fabric with a multi-layered core-sheath structure, characterized in that, It is prepared using the method described in claim 7.

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