Display substrate and preparation method thereof, display panel

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a display substrate and a preparation method thereof and a display panel, and belongs to the technical field of display, which can solve the problem of low screen brightness in the existing display product. The display substrate comprises a substrate substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the substrate substrate, the sub-pixel comprising at least one light emitting device; a black matrix layer arranged on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate substrate, comprising a plurality of first black matrix components, the orthographic projection of one first black matrix component on the substrate substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least one light emitting device on the substrate substrate; a plurality of first prism components arranged on the side of the first black matrix component close to the sub-pixel, one first black matrix component and one first prism component are arranged correspondingly; the first prism component is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon, so that the light is emitted towards the side away from the substrate substrate. The present disclosure improves the screen brightness of the display substrate while reducing the thickness of the display substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of display technology, specifically relating to a display substrate and its preparation method, and a display panel. Background Technology

[0002] In existing privacy-protecting display panel designs, the black matrix (BM) is generally not placed inside the pixel. To achieve a better privacy protection effect, the distance between the black matrix BM and the pixel needs to be increased, but this increases the thickness of the display panel's pixel array (PNL). Even if the black matrix BM could be placed inside the pixel, the smaller distance between adjacent black matrix BMs would reduce the distance between the black matrix BM and the pixel, thus thinning the display panel's PNL. However, this would also cause most of the light emitted from the pixel to be absorbed by the black matrix BM located inside the pixel, reducing screen brightness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a display substrate that reduces the thickness of the display substrate and improves the brightness of the display substrate screen, as well as a method for preparing the same and a display panel.

[0004] Firstly, the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is a display substrate, which includes:

[0005] Substrate;

[0006] A plurality of sub-pixels are disposed on the substrate, each sub-pixel including at least one light-emitting device;

[0007] A black matrix layer is disposed on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate, and includes a plurality of first black matrix components, wherein the orthographic projection of one of the first black matrix components on the substrate overlaps at least with the orthographic projection portion of one of the light-emitting devices on the substrate.

[0008] Multiple first prism components are disposed on the side of the first black matrix component near the sub-pixel, with one first black matrix component corresponding to one first prism component; the first prism component is configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, so that the light rays exit toward the side away from the substrate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including three sub-pixels, namely a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel, wherein the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located in different columns from the first sub-pixel; the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel each include a light-emitting device;

[0010] The first black matrix components corresponding to each of the sub-pixels located in the same column are connected into a single structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first black matrix components corresponding to each sub-pixel in the same column are connected into a single structure to form a first black matrix strip, and the first black matrix strip passes through the center of the light-emitting device of each sub-pixel in the column.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes two light-emitting devices, one of the first black matrix components overlapping only with the orthographic projection portion of one of the light-emitting devices of the sub-pixel on the substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a pixel driving circuit, and the light-emitting devices in the sub-pixels are all connected to the pixel driving circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the black matrix layer further includes a plurality of second black matrix components, and a second black matrix component is disposed between any two adjacent light-emitting devices.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of second prism assemblies are also included, with a second black matrix assembly corresponding to a second prism assembly, the second prism assembly being configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident thereon so that the light rays exit toward a side away from the substrate.

[0016] In some embodiments, it further includes an encapsulation layer disposed on the side of the sub-pixel opposite to the substrate, the encapsulation layer having a plurality of first openings, the first prism assembly being located within the first openings.

[0017] In some embodiments, it further includes an encapsulation layer and a protective layer stacked sequentially along the side of the sub-pixel opposite to the substrate, the protective layer having a plurality of second openings, the first prism assembly being located within the second openings.

[0018] In some embodiments, the distance between the first black matrix component and its corresponding light-emitting device is h1, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components is h2, and h1 / h2≥1.732.

[0019] In some embodiments, the height of the first prism component is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first prism assembly is a triangular pyramid, the triangular pyramid including a vertex and a base disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate, and the base of the triangular pyramid is disposed on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the base of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix assembly.

[0021] In some embodiments, it further includes a plurality of lens array structures, at least disposed on both sides of the first black matrix component, and the orthographic projection of the lens array structures on the substrate is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the first prism component on the substrate.

[0022] In some embodiments, the material of the first prism assembly is an organic material.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a method for preparing a display substrate, comprising:

[0024] Provide substrates;

[0025] A plurality of sub-pixels are formed on the substrate, and each sub-pixel includes at least one light-emitting device;

[0026] A plurality of first prism assemblies are formed on the side of the sub-pixel opposite to the substrate.

[0027] A black matrix layer is formed on the side of the first prism assembly facing away from the substrate. The black matrix layer includes a plurality of first black matrix assemblies. The orthographic projection of one of the first black matrix assemblies on the substrate overlaps with at least one of the orthographic projections of the light-emitting device on the substrate. Each first black matrix assembly is correspondingly disposed with a first prism assembly. The first prism assembly is configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, so that the light rays exit towards the side facing away from the substrate.

[0028] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a display panel comprising a display substrate as described in any of the first aspects above. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of sub-pixels and the black matrix BM in an existing privacy display substrate;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the relative position of a first black matrix component and a sub-pixel, provided for an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4a This is a top view of the relative position of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer in an existing display substrate;

[0033] Figure 4b A top view showing the relative position of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 5A top view showing the relative position of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of yet another display substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0036] Figures 7-8 The flowcharts are for two methods of preparing display substrates according to embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of sub-pixels and the black matrix BM in an existing privacy display substrate.

[0040] The existing display substrate is divided into a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area. The display substrate includes a substrate, a plurality of sub-pixels 102 disposed on the substrate, and a black matrix (BM) 100 disposed on the side of the sub-pixels 102 facing away from the substrate. The plurality of sub-pixels 102 are located in the display area, and the black matrix (BM) 100 is located in the non-display area. The orthographic projection of the black matrix (BM) 100 onto the substrate does not coincide with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels 102 onto the substrate. That is, the black matrix (BM) 100 is not disposed inside the sub-pixels 102. Figure 1 As shown.

[0041] To meet the light emission requirements of the display substrate, the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate is generally less than or equal to 30°. The distance between two adjacent black matrices BM and the distance between the black matrix BM and the sub-pixel 102 will affect the light emission direction of the display substrate. Figure 1 Taking a sub-pixel 102 with a pixel width w of 46µm as an example, using a single-layer black matrix BM that is not placed within the sub-pixel 102. In this case, the pixel width w of the sub-pixel 102 is the distance between two adjacent black matrices BM. If the angle α between the light emission direction and the direction perpendicular to the substrate is required to be less than or equal to 30°, then the spacing h between the black matrix BM and the sub-pixel 102 needs to reach approximately 80µm, resulting in a significant increase in the thickness of the display substrate, making the process more difficult to achieve.

[0042] To address the aforementioned problems, this disclosure provides a display substrate. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 As shown, the display substrate includes: a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102, a black matrix layer, and a plurality of first prism components 106a disposed on the substrate 101. Each sub-pixel 102 includes at least one light-emitting device; the black matrix layer is disposed on the side of the sub-pixel 102 facing away from the substrate 101, and includes a plurality of first black matrix components 105a, the orthographic projection of one first black matrix component 105a onto the substrate 101 overlapping at least a portion of the orthographic projection of one light-emitting device onto the substrate 101; the first prism components 106a are disposed on the side of the first black matrix components 105a close to the sub-pixel 102, with one first black matrix component 105a corresponding to one first prism component 106a; the first prism components 106a are configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon them, so that the light rays exit towards the side facing away from the substrate 101.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative position of a first black matrix component 105a and a sub-pixel 102, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2-3As shown, the first black matrix component 105a is located within the sub-pixel 102. To meet the light emission requirements of the display substrate, the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate is generally required to be less than or equal to 30°. The distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a and the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 affect the light emission direction of the display substrate. In this embodiment, since the first black matrix component 105a is located within the sub-pixel 102, the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is reduced. If the required light emission angle angle α with the direction perpendicular to the substrate is less than or equal to 30°, the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 will also be reduced accordingly, thereby reducing the thickness of the display substrate. This not only reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process but also shrinks the size of the display substrate.

[0044] For example, Figure 3 Taking a sub-pixel 102 with a width w of 46μm, using a single-layer black matrix layer with the first black matrix component 105a placed within the sub-pixel 102, and the spacing between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a being 6μm, and the width d of the first black matrix component 105a being 4μm as an example, in this case, since the spacing h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is reduced, if the required light emission angle angle α with respect to the direction perpendicular to the substrate is less than or equal to 30°, then the spacing h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 only needs to reach approximately 10μm. Figure 1 Compared to the corresponding display substrates, the display substrate provided in this embodiment has a significantly reduced thickness, which not only reduces the difficulty of manufacturing but also reduces the size of the display substrate.

[0045] In some embodiments, a first black matrix component 105a may be provided in a sub-pixel 102, or multiple first black matrix components 105a may be provided. Specifically, it can be determined according to the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a and the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102, as long as the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate is less than or equal to 30°.

[0046] Specifically, for a sub-pixel 102, the number of corresponding first black matrix components 105a within it affects the spacing h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a. To meet the light emission requirements of the display substrate, the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate needs to be less than or equal to 30°. Therefore, the spacing h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a affects the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102, which in turn affects the thickness of the display substrate. Therefore, the spacing between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a in the light emission direction of the display substrate should not be too large; otherwise, the thickness of the display substrate will be relatively thick to meet the light emission requirements. Conversely, the spacing between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a should not be too small; otherwise, it will affect the amount of light emitted by the display substrate.

[0047] In some embodiments, the distance between the first black matrix component 105a and its corresponding light-emitting device is h1, and the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is h2, where h1 / h2 ≥ 1.732. Figure 3 As shown, this configuration can balance the thickness of the display substrate and the amount of light emitted from the display substrate.

[0048] It should be noted that the spacing h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 refers to the distance between the side of the first black matrix component 105a facing away from the substrate 101 and the side of the sub-pixel 102 facing away from the substrate 101. In other words, the spacing h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 includes the thickness of the first black matrix component 105a.

[0049] It should also be noted that, Figure 3 The width w of sub-pixel 102, the width d of the first black matrix component 105a, and the spacing h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a are merely one possible implementation and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0050] A first prism assembly 106a is disposed on the side of the first black matrix assembly 105a near the sub-pixel 102. This arrangement causes the emitted light, which would otherwise be absorbed by the first black matrix assembly 105a, to be reflected by the first prism assembly 106a and emitted directly toward the side away from the substrate 101, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted from the display substrate and improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0051] In some embodiments, the height of the first prism assembly 106a is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix assembly 105a. This configuration achieves better results. If the height of the first prism assembly 106a is too small, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be directly reflected back to the direction closer to the substrate 101 as soon as it hits the first prism assembly 106a, thus failing to increase the light output of the display substrate.

[0052] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first black matrix component 105a onto the substrate 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of its corresponding first prism component 106a onto the substrate 101. This configuration ensures that emitted light that would otherwise be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a can illuminate the first prism component 106a and be reflected by it, exiting directly towards the side away from the substrate 101, thus increasing the light output of the display substrate. Preferably, the orthographic projection of the first black matrix component 105a onto the substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection of its corresponding first prism component 106a onto the substrate 101. This configuration allows the first prism component 106a to maximize total internal reflection of the emitted light that would otherwise be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a, causing it to exit directly towards the side away from the substrate 101, further increasing the light output of the display substrate.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first prism assembly 106a is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a base surface disposed opposite each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 101, and the base surface of the pyramid is disposed on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the base surface of the pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix assembly 105a. Specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, the first prism assembly 106a is configured as a wedge-shaped structure, so that the light that would otherwise be absorbed by the first black matrix assembly 105a can be reflected by the first prism assembly 106a and emitted toward the side away from the substrate 101.

[0054] The display substrate provided in this embodiment has a first black matrix component 105a disposed within a sub-pixel 102. By reducing the distance between the first black matrix components 105a, the thickness of the display substrate is reduced, thus simplifying the manufacturing process. Furthermore, each first black matrix component 105a is correspondingly provided with a first prism component 106a. The first prism component 106a is capable of total internal reflection of light incident upon it, causing the light to exit towards the side facing away from the substrate 101. This prevents the light emitted from the light-emitting device from being absorbed by the first black matrix components 105a located within the sub-pixel 102, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate and improving its brightness.

[0055] The display substrates provided in this disclosure include two types of structures: overall privacy protection and partial privacy protection. Overall privacy protection refers to a display substrate where all sub-pixels are designed with privacy protection structures; while partial privacy protection refers to dividing a single sub-pixel into two halves. One half of the sub-pixel is used for privacy protection, and the other half is used for pixel sharing. Switching between privacy protection and sharing is achieved by controlling the illumination of the sub-pixels in each half. The following uses… Figures 4a-4b The corresponding embodiment is an embodiment of an overall privacy screen structure. Figure 5 The corresponding embodiment is illustrated using a partial privacy protection structure as an example.

[0056] Figure 4a This is a top view showing the relative position of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer in an existing display substrate. Figure 4b This is a top view showing the relative position of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer, as provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 4a-4b As shown, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units 120 arranged in an array. Each pixel unit 120 includes three sub-pixels 102, namely a first sub-pixel 102a, a second sub-pixel 102b, and a third sub-pixel 102c. The second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in the same column, but in a different column from the first sub-pixel 102a. Each of the first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c includes a light-emitting device. The first sub-pixel 102a can be a blue sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel 102b can be a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel 102c can be a red sub-pixel. Of course, the first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c can also be sub-pixels of other colors; this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.

[0057] Specifically, all sub-pixels 102 are designed with privacy protection, and the entire display substrate is designed with privacy protection. For example... Figure 4a As shown, in existing display substrates, the black matrix 151 is not located within the sub-pixel 102, but rather between two adjacent sub-pixels 102. This configuration is described above. Figure 1 The corresponding description states that to achieve a better privacy protection effect, the spacing between the black matrix 51 and sub-pixel 102 needs to be increased. (Reference) Figure 4bAll sub-pixels 102 are designed with privacy screens, and the display substrate is designed with all privacy screens. In the display substrate provided in this embodiment, the first black matrix component 105a is located within the sub-pixels 102. This arrangement reduces the spacing between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a, thereby reducing the thickness of the display substrate. Simultaneously, as described above, each first black matrix component 105a is provided with a corresponding first prism component 106a, configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, causing the light to exit towards the side away from the substrate 101, increasing the light output of the display substrate and improving its brightness.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 located in the same column are connected into a single structure.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 4b As shown, the first black matrix component 105a is positioned along the direction of the column of sub-pixels 102, thus enabling left and right privacy settings on the display substrate. Furthermore, connecting the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 in the same column into a single structure simplifies the manufacturing process. This display substrate can be applied in the automotive field or other left and right privacy scenarios.

[0060] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first black matrix component 105a onto the substrate 101 is located within its corresponding sub-pixel 102, and the centers of the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 in the same column are located on the same straight line. Specifically, the first black matrix component 105a is only disposed within its corresponding sub-pixel 102, and is not disposed between any two adjacent sub-pixels. With this configuration, the first black matrix component 105a is also disposed along the column direction of the sub-pixels 102, which can also achieve the left and right privacy settings of the display substrate, and can also reduce the material of the first black matrix component 105a.

[0061] Alternatively, the first black matrix component 105a can be arranged along the direction of the row of sub-pixels 102. This arrangement can achieve top and bottom privacy protection for the display substrate. It can also be arranged in other directions, and this disclosure does not limit this. In some embodiments, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 located in the same row are connected into a single structure. This disclosure does not limit the specific arrangement of the first black matrix component 105a, and it can be flexibly arranged according to the privacy protection requirements.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 in the same column are connected into an integral structure to form a first black matrix strip 150, and the first black matrix strip 150 passes through the center of the light-emitting device of each sub-pixel 102 in the column.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 4b As shown, a column of sub-pixels 102 corresponds to a first black matrix strip 150, and the first black matrix strip 150 is located at the center of the light-emitting device that runs through each sub-pixel 102 in the column. This arrangement makes the privacy protection on the left and right sides of the display substrate more uniform.

[0064] In some embodiments, for a column of sub-pixels 102, a plurality of first black matrix strips 150 may also be provided. Specifically, the spacing between two adjacent first black matrix strips 150 and the spacing between the first black matrix strip 150 and its corresponding sub-pixel 102 can be determined, as long as the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate needs to be less than or equal to 30°.

[0065] In the display substrate provided in this embodiment, all sub-pixels are configured with privacy screens, and the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 in the same column are connected into a single structure, thereby achieving left and right privacy screens on the display substrate. The first black matrix component 105a is located within its corresponding sub-pixel 102, reducing the thickness of the display substrate. Simultaneously, a first prism component 106a is provided corresponding to the first black matrix component 105a, increasing the light output and improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0066] Figure 5 This is a top view showing the relative position of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the display substrate includes a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102 disposed on the substrate 101, a black matrix layer, and a plurality of first prism components 106a, wherein the black matrix layer includes a plurality of first black matrix components 105a. In some embodiments, each sub-pixel 102 includes two light-emitting devices, and one first black matrix component 106a overlaps only with the orthographic projection portion of one of the light-emitting devices in the sub-pixel 102 onto the substrate 101.

[0067] Specifically, each sub-pixel 102 is divided into two parts, each corresponding to a light-emitting device. The first black matrix component 106a is located only in one part of the sub-pixel for privacy protection design, realizing privacy mode. The other part of the sub-pixel does not have the first black matrix component 106a and is used for shared structure setting, realizing shared mode. This display substrate is a partial privacy protection structure display substrate. When the pixels corresponding to the privacy protection structure design are lit, the display substrate is in privacy mode; when the pixels corresponding to the shared structure design are lit, the display substrate is in shared mode. By controlling the lighting of the pixels in both parts, the privacy protection and sharing modes of the display substrate are switched.

[0068] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units 120 arranged in an array. Each pixel unit 120 includes three sub-pixels 102, namely a first sub-pixel 102a, a second sub-pixel 102b, and a third sub-pixel 102c. The second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in a different column from the first sub-pixel 102a.

[0069] The first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c each include two light-emitting devices. Each of these sub-pixels is divided into two parts, with each part corresponding to one light-emitting device. The first black matrix component 105a overlaps only with the orthographic projection of one light-emitting device from the sub-pixel 102 onto the substrate 101. This configuration allows for switching between privacy and sharing modes on the display substrate.

[0070] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a pixel driving circuit, and the light-emitting devices in the sub-pixels 102 are all connected to the pixel driving circuit. Specifically, the pixel driving circuit may include two switches, which respectively control the two light-emitting devices in the sub-pixels 102 to realize the switching between the sharing mode and the privacy mode in the display substrate.

[0071] It should be noted that the first black matrix component 105a can be set only along the direction where the sub-pixel column 102 is located (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, the display substrate can be set along the direction of the sub-pixel row 102 to achieve the vertical privacy protection of the display substrate. It can also be set along other directions. This disclosure does not limit this. For specific details, please refer to the description of Embodiment 1 above. It will not be repeated here.

[0072] In the display substrate provided in this embodiment, the first black matrix component 106a overlaps only with the orthographic projection of one light-emitting device in the sub-pixel 102 onto the substrate 101. This arrangement allows for switching between a privacy mode and a sharing mode on the display substrate. Furthermore, the first black matrix component 106a is located within the sub-pixel 102, reducing the spacing between adjacent first black matrix components 105a and thus reducing the thickness of the display substrate. Simultaneously, as described above, each first black matrix component 105a is associated with a first prism component 106a, configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, causing the light to exit towards the side away from the substrate 101. This increases the light output of the display substrate and enhances its brightness.

[0073] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the black matrix layer includes not only multiple first black matrix components 105a, but also multiple second black matrix components 105b, and each pair of adjacent light-emitting devices is provided with a second black matrix component 105b. Preferably, as shown... Figure 4b The second black matrix component 105b is positioned between any two adjacent light-emitting devices along the direction of the sub-pixel column 102. This arrangement enables left and right privacy protection for the display substrate. Preferably, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the second black matrix component 105b is positioned along the direction of the column of sub-pixels 102, between any two sub-pixels 102, and corresponds to one of the light-emitting devices in the sub-pixels 102. This configuration not only enables left and right privacy protection for the display substrate, but also allows switching between the privacy protection mode and the sharing mode of the display substrate.

[0074] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102 disposed on the substrate 101, a black matrix layer, and a first prism assembly 106a, but also a plurality of second prism assemblies 106b. A second black matrix assembly 105b is disposed corresponding to a second prism assembly 106b. The second prism assembly 106b is configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, so that the light is emitted toward the side away from the substrate 101.

[0075] Specifically, see Figure 2 In this embodiment, some of the light emitted from the light-emitting device in sub-pixel 102 is intended to be absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b; or, after total internal reflection, some of the light emitted from the light-emitting device in sub-pixel 102 may be absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b. The display substrate provided in this embodiment also has a second prism component 106b disposed on the side of the second black matrix component 105b closest to the sub-pixel 102. With this arrangement, the emitted light that would otherwise be absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b is reflected by the second prism component 106b and emitted directly towards the side away from the substrate 101.

[0076] The embodiments disclosed herein further increase the light emission of the display substrate and improve the brightness of the display substrate by providing a second prism assembly 106b.

[0077] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] like Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102, a black matrix layer, a first prism assembly 106a and a second prism assembly 106b, but also an encapsulation layer 103 disposed on the side of the sub-pixels 102 facing away from the substrate 101. The encapsulation layer 103 has a plurality of first openings, and the first prism assembly 105a is located in the first opening.

[0079] In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer 103 has not only a first opening but also a third opening, within which the second prism assembly 105b is located.

[0080] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first prism component 106a is directly disposed in the first opening of the encapsulation layer 103, which can reduce the distance between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 and reduce the thickness of the display substrate.

[0081] In some embodiments, the materials of the first prism assembly 105a and / or the second prism assembly 105b are organic materials, and the refractive index of the first prism assembly 105a and / or the second prism assembly 105b is lower than the refractive index of the encapsulation layer 103. This configuration ensures total internal reflection of light incident on the first prism assembly 105a and / or the second prism assembly 105b, causing the light to exit towards the side opposite to the substrate.

[0082] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102, a black matrix layer, a first prism assembly 106a and a second prism assembly 106b, but also an encapsulation layer 103 and a protective layer 104 stacked sequentially along the side of the sub-pixels 102 away from the substrate 101. The protective layer 104 has a plurality of second openings, and the first prism assembly 105a is located in the second openings.

[0083] In some embodiments, the protective layer 104 has not only a second opening but also a fourth opening, within which the second prism assembly 105b is located.

[0084] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a protective layer is provided on the side of the encapsulation layer 103 facing away from the substrate 101, and the first prism assembly 106a is disposed in the second opening of the protective layer 104. Compared with directly disposing the first prism assembly 106a in the first opening of the encapsulation layer 103, this embodiment can protect the encapsulation layer 103 from damage and prevent external water and oxygen from entering the display substrate.

[0085] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first prism assembly 105a and / or the second prism assembly 105b is lower than the refractive index of the protective layer 104. This configuration ensures total internal reflection of light incident on the first prism assembly 105a and / or the second prism assembly 105b, causing the light to exit towards the side away from the substrate.

[0086] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102, a black matrix layer, a first prism assembly 106a, a second prism assembly 106b, an encapsulation layer 103, and a protective layer 104, but also a plurality of lens array structures 108. The lens array structures 108 are at least disposed on both sides of the first black matrix assembly 105a, and the orthographic projection of the lens array structures 108 onto the substrate 101 is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the first prism assembly 105a onto the substrate 101. This arrangement can better improve the privacy protection effect of the display substrate.

[0087] The display substrate provided in this embodiment reduces its thickness by placing a first black matrix component 105a within a sub-pixel 102. Simultaneously, a first prism component 106a is correspondingly disposed for each first black matrix component 105a, causing light that would otherwise be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a to strike the first prism component 106a and undergo total internal reflection, resulting in the light exiting in a direction away from the substrate 101, thereby increasing the brightness of the display substrate.

[0088] Based on the same invention, this disclosure also provides a method for preparing a display substrate. Figures 7-8 The flowcharts for the fabrication methods of the two display substrates provided in the embodiments of this disclosure are as follows: Figures 7-8 As shown, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0089] S701: Prepare sub-pixel 102.

[0090] Specifically, a substrate 101 is provided; a plurality of sub-pixels 102 are formed on the substrate 101, and each sub-pixel 102 includes at least one light-emitting device. In step S701, only one sub-pixel 102 is shown.

[0091] S702: Prepare the first prism assembly 106a and the second prism assembly 106b.

[0092] Specifically, the first prism assembly 106a and the second prism assembly 106b can be directly fabricated on the encapsulation layer 103, such as... Figure 7As shown in S702, an encapsulation layer 103 is prepared on the sub-pixel 102 using processes such as coating, exposure and development. A wedge-shaped first opening and a third opening are prepared on the surface of the encapsulation layer 103 using an imprinting process. An organic material with a refractive index lower than that of the encapsulation layer is prepared at the first opening and the third opening using processes such as coating, exposure and development. Finally, a first prism component 106a is obtained at the first opening, and a second prism component 106b is obtained at the third opening.

[0093] The first prism assembly 106a and the second prism assembly 106b can also be fabricated on the protective layer 104, such as Figure 8 As shown in S702, an encapsulation layer 103 and a protective layer 104 are sequentially prepared on the sub-pixel 102 using processes such as coating and exposure development. A wedge-shaped second opening and a fourth opening are prepared on the surface of the protective layer 104 using an imprinting process. An organic material with a refractive index lower than that of the protective layer 104 is prepared at the second opening and the fourth opening using processes such as coating and exposure development. Finally, a first prism assembly 106a is obtained at the second opening, and a second prism assembly 106b is obtained at the fourth opening.

[0094] The first prism assembly 106b and the second prism assembly 106b are configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon them, so that the light rays exit toward the side away from the substrate 101.

[0095] S703: Prepare the black matrix layer.

[0096] Specifically, a black matrix layer is fabricated on the first prism assembly 106a and the second prism assembly 106b using processes such as coating, exposure, and development. This black matrix layer includes a first black matrix assembly 105a, the orthographic projection of which overlaps at least partially with the orthographic projection of a light-emitting device on the substrate 101. By placing the first black matrix assembly 105a within the sub-pixel 102, the thickness of the display substrate can be reduced. The black matrix layer also includes a second black matrix assembly 105b, disposed between two adjacent light-emitting devices.

[0097] Additionally, this black matrix layer can be configured for full privacy protection or partial privacy protection. For example... Figure 4b and Figure 5 As shown, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units 120 arranged in an array. Each pixel unit 120 includes three sub-pixels 102, namely a first sub-pixel 102a, a second sub-pixel 102b, and a third sub-pixel 102c. The second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in a different column from the first sub-pixel 102a. The first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c each include a light-emitting device.

[0098] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4b As shown, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 in the same column are connected into a single structure. In some embodiments, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to each sub-pixel 102 in the same column are connected into a single structure to form a first black matrix strip 150, which passes through the center of the light-emitting device of each sub-pixel 102 in that column. This configuration provides full privacy protection and also enables left and right privacy protection.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, sub-pixel 102 includes two light-emitting devices, and a first black matrix component 105a overlaps only with the orthogonal projection of one of the light-emitting devices of sub-pixel 102 onto the substrate 101. This configuration provides partial privacy protection, enabling switching between privacy and sharing modes.

[0100] A first black matrix component 105a is correspondingly disposed with a first prism component 106a; a second black matrix component 105b is correspondingly disposed with a second prism component 106b; the first prism component 106a is capable of total internal reflection of light that was originally absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a, so that the light is emitted toward the side away from the substrate 101; the second prism component 106b is capable of total internal reflection of light that was originally absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b, so that the light is emitted toward the side away from the substrate 101, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate and improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0101] In some embodiments, the distance between the first black matrix component 105a and its corresponding light-emitting device is h1, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is h2, and h1 / h2≥1.732.

[0102] In some embodiments, the height of the first prism component 106a is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component 105a.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first prism assembly 106a is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a base disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 101, and the base of the triangular pyramid is disposed on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the base of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix assembly 105a.

[0104] In some embodiments, the second prism assembly 106b is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a base disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 101, and the base of the pyramid is disposed on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the base of the pyramid is equal to the width of the second black matrix assembly 106b.

[0105] S704: Fabricate multiple lens array structures 108.

[0106] Specifically, the orthographic projection of the lens array structure 108 onto the substrate 101 is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the first prism assembly 106a onto the substrate 101.

[0107] Other details of the method for preparing the display substrate provided in this disclosure are the same as those of any of the above-described display substrate embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] The method for fabricating a display substrate disclosed herein reduces the thickness of the display substrate by forming a first black matrix component 105a within a sub-pixel 102. Simultaneously, a first prism component 106a is formed on the side of the first black matrix component 105a near the sub-pixel 102, reflecting light that would otherwise be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a, causing the light to exit directly in a direction away from the substrate 101, thereby increasing the light emission of the display substrate.

[0109] This disclosure also provides a display panel, which includes any of the display substrates described in the above embodiments.

[0110] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display substrate, comprising: Substrate; The angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate is less than or equal to 30°. A plurality of sub-pixels are disposed on the substrate, each sub-pixel including at least one light-emitting device; A black matrix layer is disposed on the side of the sub-pixel facing away from the substrate, and includes a plurality of first black matrix components and a plurality of second black matrix components. The orthographic projection of one of the first black matrix components on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of one of the light-emitting devices on the substrate. The second black matrix components are disposed between two adjacent light-emitting devices. The distance between the first black matrix component and its corresponding light-emitting device is h1, and the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components is h2, where h1 / h2≥1.

732. Multiple first prism components are disposed on the side of the first black matrix component near the sub-pixel, with one first black matrix component corresponding to one first prism component; the first prism component is configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, so that the light rays exit toward the side away from the substrate. An encapsulation layer and a protective layer are stacked sequentially along the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate. The encapsulation layer has a plurality of first openings, and the protective layer has a plurality of second openings. The first prism assembly is located in either the first opening or the second opening.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array. Each pixel unit includes three sub-pixels, namely a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel. The second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located in different columns from the first sub-pixel. Each of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel includes a light-emitting device. The first black matrix components corresponding to each of the sub-pixels located in the same column are connected into a single structure.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein, The first black matrix components corresponding to each sub-pixel in the same column are connected into a single structure to form a first black matrix strip, which runs through the center of the light-emitting device of each sub-pixel in that column.

4. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The sub-pixel includes two light-emitting devices, one of which, a first black matrix component, overlaps only with one of the light-emitting devices of the sub-pixel in the orthogonal projection portion of the substrate.

5. The display substrate according to claim 4, wherein, The display substrate further includes a pixel driving circuit, and the light-emitting devices in the sub-pixels are all connected to the pixel driving circuit.

6. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes multiple second prism assemblies, with a second black matrix assembly corresponding to a second prism assembly, the second prism assembly being configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it so that the light rays exit toward the side away from the substrate.

7. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The height of the first prism component is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component.

8. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The first prism assembly is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a base surface that are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate. The base surface of the triangular pyramid is located on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the base surface of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix assembly.

9. The display substrate according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of lens array structures, at least disposed on both sides of the first black matrix component, wherein the orthographic projection of the lens array structure onto the substrate is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the first prism component onto the substrate.

10. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The first prism assembly is made of organic material.

11. A method for preparing a display substrate, characterized in that, The preparation method includes: Provide substrates; A plurality of sub-pixels are formed on the substrate, and each sub-pixel includes at least one light-emitting device; A plurality of first prism assemblies are formed on the side of the sub-pixel opposite to the substrate. A black matrix layer is formed on the side of the first prism assembly facing away from the substrate. The black matrix layer includes a plurality of first black matrix assemblies and a plurality of second black matrix assemblies. The orthographic projection of one of the first black matrix assemblies onto the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of one of the light-emitting devices onto the substrate. The second black matrix assemblies are disposed between two adjacent light-emitting devices. A first black matrix assembly is correspondingly disposed with a first prism assembly. The distance between a first black matrix assembly and its corresponding light-emitting device is h1, and the distance between two adjacent first black matrix assemblies is h2, where h1 / h2≥1.

732. The first prism assembly is configured to perform total internal reflection of light incident upon it, so that the light rays exit towards the side facing away from the substrate. An encapsulation layer and a protective layer are sequentially formed on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate; the encapsulation layer has a plurality of first openings, the protective layer has a plurality of second openings, and the first prism assembly is located in the first opening or the second opening; The angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the direction perpendicular to the substrate is less than or equal to 30°.

12. A display panel comprising a display substrate as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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