Aerial imaging display system
By adopting a symmetrical dual telecentric structure in the aerial imaging display system, the combination of aperture layer, thickness layer and lens array layer is used to accurately control the light path, solving the problem of stray light influence and achieving high-quality three-dimensional image display and enhance the sense of reality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410748646.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Stray light in existing aerial imaging display systems seriously affects the image quality, resulting in poor imaging results.
Using a symmetrical dual telecentric structure, including a stop layer, a thickness layer and a lens array layer. The lens array layer is composed of a two-dimensional square lens array. By precisely controlling the light path and distance, stray light is reduced and stray light is ensured to efficiently focus and converge light. , forming high-quality images suspended in the air.
Effectively reduce stray light, improve image clarity and contrast, enhance the realism of the three-dimensional effect, and significantly improve imaging quality and user experience.
Smart Images
Figure CN118330903B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional light field display, and in particular to an aerial imaging display system. Background Art
[0002] 3D display technology can display real 3D images, reconstruct information of 3D objects or 3D scenes from different angles, and correctly display spatial occlusion relationships. Therefore, it has received widespread attention in various fields. Aerial imaging display technology converts 3D light field images into images floating in the air, thus providing observers with a true 3D experience. This technology creates an immersive, true 3D display effect suspended in the air and is regarded as the most promising 3D display technology. In existing technologies, the presence of stray light seriously affects the quality of aerial imaging. Summary of the invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an aerial imaging display system to solve the technical problem in existing aerial imaging display systems that the presence of stray light seriously affects aerial imaging.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an aerial imaging display system, which is composed of a symmetrical double telecentric structure. Each group of telecentric structures is composed of three parts: an aperture layer, a thickness layer, and a lens array layer. The aperture layer and the lens array layer are respectively located on both sides of the thickness layer and are closely attached to the thickness layer. The aperture layer is located near the focal plane of the lens array layer and is composed of a light-transmitting array area and a light-shielding array area. The lens array layer is composed of a two-dimensional square lens array. A pixel on the image source emits light at different angles. After passing through the first group of telecentric structures, it is emitted in a manner that the main optical axis is parallel to the optical axis, and then passes through the second group of telecentric structures to be re-converged on the imaging surface.
[0005] The thickness layer is located between the aperture layer and the lens array layer, and is tightly fitted with the aperture layer and the lens array layer. Its function is to ensure that there is a certain distance between the aperture layer and the lens array layer, so that the aperture layer is located near the focal plane of the lens array layer.
[0006] The aperture layer is closely attached to the thickness layer, and its function is to block part of the light passing through the lens array layer to ensure that the light can pass through and converge efficiently.
[0007] In the first group of telecentric structures, it includes a first aperture layer, a first thickness layer and a first lens array layer; in the second group of telecentric structures, it includes a second aperture layer, a second thickness layer and a second lens array layer;
[0008] The lens array layer is composed of a first lens array layer of a first group of telecentric structures and a second lens array layer of a second group of telecentric structures, and is a two-dimensional square lens array.
[0009] The first lens array layer is in close contact with the first thickness layer, and its function is to refract the light emitted by the image source so that the incident light is emitted with the main optical axis parallel to the optical axis after passing through the corresponding lens unit, and converges on the focal plane of the corresponding lens unit.
[0010] The second lens array layer is closely attached to the second thickness layer, and its function is to refract the light again, so that the last outgoing light re-converges on the imaging surface to generate an image suspended in the air. Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structural separation of the first lens array layer and the second lens array layer.
[0011] For the first group of telecentric structures, the thickness L1 of the first thickness layer, the refractive index N1, the curvature radius R1, and the thickness L2 of the lens unit in the first lens array layer satisfy the relationship:
[0012] For the second group of telecentric structures, the thickness M1 of the second thickness layer, the refractive index N2, the curvature radius R2, and the thickness M2 of the lens unit in the second lens array layer (B3) satisfy the relationship:
[0013] Telecentric optics maintain a constant magnification over a range of distances, helping to keep image size consistent and reduce distortion.
[0014] The relationship may ensure that the optical path lengths of the incoming and outgoing light in a telecentric system are matched, which is critical to maintaining focus and image quality across the entire field of view. It ensures that the optical layers work together in a way that achieves the desired optical performance, such as focusing the light with high precision and directing it to the correct location on the imaging plane. By setting the correct thickness and distance between layers, stray light or glare can be minimized, light can be precisely controlled, stray light can be reduced, and overall image quality can be improved.
[0015] Furthermore, the focal length of the lens unit in the first lens array layer is f1, and the focal length of the lens unit in the second lens array layer is f2. The center distance L3 of the two symmetrically placed lens units satisfies the relationship: <L3≤2(f1+f2)。
[0016] The relationship ensures that the center distance L3 between two symmetrically placed lens units will not be too small, thereby avoiding optical interference or mutual shading between the lens units, while also ensuring that it will not be too large to affect the compactness and overall efficiency of the system. Reasonable spacing can maximize the coverage of the lens and optimize the integration and focusing effect of light.
[0017] By controlling the spacing between the lens units to match the sum of the focal lengths of the two lenses, the light field distribution on the imaging plane can be optimized. This helps to improve the resolution and contrast of the image and reduce image distortion, especially in the edge areas.
[0018] By properly setting the lens spacing, optical aberrations such as spherical aberration and coma caused by lens manufacturing errors or non-ideal alignment between lenses can be effectively reduced, which is crucial to maintaining image clarity and quality.
[0019] Coordinating the distances between lens elements with their focal lengths helps maintain the optical stability of the entire system, ensuring that image segments from different lenses are properly aligned and coincident, especially in multi-view or 3D imaging applications.
[0020] Overall, this relationship provides a method for lens design to optimize the overall optical performance by precisely controlling the distance between lenses, thereby achieving high-quality image reconstruction and display in aerial imaging systems.
[0021] Furthermore, the distance between the image source and the first thickness layer is U, and the aerial imaging display system forms an image at a position V away from the second thickness layer to form an imaging surface, satisfying the relationship:
[0022] The relationship describes the relationship between the imaging distance V between the two telecentric structures and the image source (object) distance U and the lens focal lengths f1 and f2.
[0023] By accurately calculating the ratio of the focal length of the lens to the object and imaging distances, image quality can be maximized, helping to reduce optical distortions in the imaging process, such as out-of-focus blur and spherical aberration.
[0024] Maintaining optical consistency, ensuring that the optical path length from the first lens to the imaging surface and the optical path length from the object to the second lens are consistent in focus performance, is the key to achieving high-quality imaging.
[0025] Furthermore, the horizontal dimension of the aerial imaging display system is T, the vertical width is H, and the horizontal viewing angle is With vertical viewing angle Respectively meet:
[0026] By adjusting the values of T, H, and V, the optimal viewing angle range can be designed to provide the best viewing experience.
[0027] Furthermore, the thickness layer can be filled with a single refractive index material, or can be composited with a plurality of materials with different refractive indexes, including but not limited to UV glue, PC, PET, PMMA. The first thickness layer and the second thickness layer are separated by a structure such as Figure 2 shown.
[0028] Furthermore, the aperture layer is composed of a light-shielding array region and a light-transmitting array region, such as Figure 5The diagram shows the structural separation of the first aperture layer and the second aperture layer. The light-shielding array area is an array structure composed of pure black opaque material or corresponding opaque coating; the light-transmitting array area is an array structure composed of periodic light-transmitting areas.
[0029] Preferably, the light-transmitting array region and the lens unit centers of the lens array layer are aligned.
[0030] The aerial imaging display system provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
[0031] The system consists of two sets of symmetrically arranged telecentric structures, each of which includes an aperture layer, a thickness layer, and a lens array layer. This symmetrical design helps to balance and stabilize the transmission of light and improve the symmetry and accuracy of imaging.
[0032] The aperture layer is divided into a light-transmitting array area and a light-shielding array area. The light-transmitting array area allows necessary light to pass through, while the light-shielding array area blocks unnecessary light (i.e. stray light). This structure effectively reduces the interference of non-target light and optimizes the efficiency of light utilization.
[0033] The lens array layer is responsible for accurately focusing and guiding light. Through the precise arrangement and design of the lenses, the light path can be further controlled and optimized, reducing the reflection and scattering of light on the lens surface, thereby improving the clarity and quality of the image.
[0034] The thickness layer is located between the aperture layer and the lens array layer, which not only provides physical support, but also participates in the preliminary processing of light as an optical adjustment layer. It ensures the appropriate distance between the aperture layer and the lens array layer, so that the aperture layer is just near the focal plane of the lens array layer, which helps to precisely control the light entering the lens.
[0035] Through the above structural design, the system can effectively control stray light and ensure that only the correct light is used for imaging, greatly improving the imaging quality. This optimized optical path design not only reduces image noise and blur, but also enhances the overall clarity and depth of the image, making the final imaging more accurate and realistic. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first viewing direction of the aerial imaging display system provided by the present invention;
[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second viewing direction of the aerial imaging display system provided by the present invention;
[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structural separation of the first lens array layer and the second lens array layer provided by the present invention;
[0039] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structural separation of the first thickness layer and the second thickness layer provided by the present invention;
[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural separation of the first aperture layer and the second aperture layer provided by the present invention;
[0041] Figure 6 A structural diagram of the aerial imaging display system provided by the present invention;
[0042] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of a partial array of the aerial imaging system provided by the present invention.
[0043] In the figure: 1. The first group of telecentric structures; 2. The second group of telecentric structures; 3. Image source; 4. Imaging surface; 11. The first aperture layer; 12. The first thickness layer; 13. The first lens array layer; 21. The second aperture layer; 22. The second thickness layer; 23. The second lens array layer; C1. The first light-shielding array area; C2. The first light-transmitting array area; D1. The second light-shielding array area; D2. The second light-transmitting array area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0045] See also Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides an aerial imaging display system, which is composed of a symmetrical double telecentric structure. Each group of telecentric structures includes an aperture layer, a thickness layer, and a lens array layer. The aperture layer and the lens array layer are respectively located on both sides of the thickness layer and are tightly attached to the thickness layer.
[0046] In the first group of telecentric structures 1, it includes a first aperture layer 11, a first thickness layer 12 and a first lens array layer 13; in the second group of telecentric structures 2, it includes a second aperture layer 21, a second thickness layer 22 and a second lens array layer 23; the first aperture layer 11 includes a first light-shielding array area C1 and a first light-transmitting array area C2, and the second aperture layer 21 includes a second light-shielding array area D1 and a second light-transmitting array area D2.
[0047] The lens array layer is composed of a first lens array layer 13 of a first group of telecentric structures 1 and a second lens array layer 23 of a second group of telecentric structures 2, and is a two-dimensional square lens array.
[0048] See also Figure 7 , which is a magnified view of the local array of the aerial imaging system.
[0049] The lens array layer is composed of several two-dimensional square lens units, and the specific parameters are:
[0050] 1. The thickness T11 of the first lens array layer 13 is the same as the thickness T20 of the second lens array layer 23, which is 0.37 mm;
[0051] 2. The aperture S12 of the lens unit in the first lens array layer 13 is the same as the aperture S22 of the lens unit in the second lens array layer 23, which is 0.8 mm;
[0052] 3. The curvature radius R01 of the lens unit in the first lens array layer 13 is the same as the curvature radius R02 of the lens unit in the second lens array layer 23, which is 0.71;
[0053] 4. The center spacing between adjacent lens units S13 and S23 is the same, which is 0.8 mm. The center of the lens unit is aligned with the center of the light-transmitting array area in the aperture layer;
[0054] 5. The center distance S30 between two symmetrically placed lens units is 1.9 mm.
[0055] Furthermore, the material refractive index N1 of the first lens array layer 13 and the material refractive index N2 of the second lens array layer (23) satisfy N1=N2=1.61;
[0056] 6.f1 is the focal length of the lens unit in the first telecentric structure 1, and f2 is the focal length of the lens unit in the second telecentric structure 2, so f1=f2=1.164mm.
[0057] For the aerial imaging system, the distance OD between the image source and the second first thickness layer 12 in the first set of telecentric structures (1) is 50 mm. According to the formula The aerial imaging display system images at a position ID of 50 mm away from the second thickness layer 22 of the second group of telecentric structures 2. The horizontal viewing angle of the aerial imaging display system With vertical viewing angle Both are 18°.
[0058] The thickness layer is in close contact with the aperture layer and the lens array layer, and the specific parameters are:
[0059] 1. The thickness T10 of the first thickness layer 12 is the same as the thickness T21 of the second thickness layer 22, both of which are 1.5 mm;
[0060] 2. The thickness layer can be made of PET material or a composite of multiple transparent materials, so that there is a certain distance between the aperture layer and the light control layer, and the aperture layer is ensured to be near the focal plane of the lens array layer.
[0061] Further, the material refractive index of the thickness layer is N2=1.65.
[0062] For the first group of telecentric structures 1, the thickness T10 of the first thickness layer 12, the refractive index N1, the curvature radius R01, and the thickness T11 of the lens units in the first lens array layer 13 satisfy the relationship:
[0063] For the second group of telecentric structures 2, the thickness T21 of the second thickness layer 22, the refractive index N2, the curvature radius R02, and the thickness T20 of the lens units in the second lens array layer 23 satisfy the relationship:
[0064] The aperture layer is located near the focal plane of the lens array layer, and its specific parameters are:
[0065] 1. The aperture layer includes a light-shielding array area and a light-transmitting array area. The light-shielding array area can be made of pure black opaque material or corresponding opaque coating;
[0066] 2. The light transmission aperture S11 of the light transmission unit in the light transmission array area of the first aperture layer 11 is the same as the light transmission aperture S21 of the light transmission unit in the light transmission array area of the second aperture layer 21, which is 0.1 mm;
[0067] 3. The center distance S10 between adjacent light-transmitting units in the first aperture layer 11 is the same as the center distance S20 between adjacent light-transmitting units in the second aperture layer 21, which is 0.8 mm.
[0068] The aerial imaging display system provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
[0069] The display system is composed of a symmetrical double telecentric structure. A pixel on the image source emits light at different angles. After passing through the first set of telecentric structures, the light is emitted in a manner that the main optical axis is parallel to the optical axis. After passing through the second set of telecentric structures, the light is re-converged on the imaging surface to form an image. Each set of telecentric structures is composed of an aperture layer, a thickness layer, and a lens array layer. The aperture layer and the lens array layer are respectively located on both sides of the thickness layer and are closely attached to the thickness layer. The aperture layer is located near the focal plane of the lens array layer. The lens array layer is composed of a two-dimensional square lens array, and the aperture layer is composed of a light-transmitting array area and a light-shielding array area.
[0070] The display system includes two sets of telecentric structures, each of which is designed as an optical telecentric system. The telecentric structure makes the incident and outgoing light of the system follow a path parallel to the main optical axis. This structure is conducive to maintaining the directionality and consistency of the light beam, thereby reducing image blur and distortion.
[0071] Each pixel point on the image source 3 emits light at a different angle.
[0072] Processing by the first group of telecentric structures 1: These light rays first pass through the first group of telecentric structures 1, which make the light rays emerge in a manner parallel to the main optical axis.
[0073] Processing of the second group of telecentric structures 2: The parallelized light rays pass through the second group of telecentric structures 2 and converge again on the imaging plane to form a clear image.
[0074] Aperture layer: Located on one side of the thickness layer, its main function is to control the size and shape of the light beam, which helps to improve the concentration of light and reduce stray light.
[0075] Thickness layer: located between the aperture layer and the lens array layer, serving as a physical support and optical transition layer to maintain the stability of the structure.
[0076] Lens array layer: Located on the other side of the thickness layer, it consists of a two-dimensional square lens array, which is responsible for refocusing and correcting the light to achieve high-quality image reconstruction.
[0077] The role of lens array and aperture layer:
[0078] Lens array layer: The array configuration of lenses enables light from different angles to be correctly refocused on the imaging plane, thereby achieving high-precision spatial reproduction.
[0079] Aperture layer: The design of light-transmitting and light-blocking areas helps further reduce stray light, optimizing image quality by controlling the amount and angle of light passing through each lens.
[0080] This structural design solves the problem of stray light in traditional aerial imaging technology, and significantly improves the clarity of imaging and the realism of three-dimensional effects by precisely controlling the light path and intensity. This technology has a wide range of application potentials, especially in high-end display systems and virtual reality, and can significantly improve user experience.
[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An aerial imaging display system, comprising two sets of symmetrically arranged telecentric structures, characterized in that: Each set of telecentric structures includes an aperture layer, a thickness layer and a lens array layer. The aperture layer is composed of a light-transmitting array area and a light-shielding array area. The aperture layer and the lens array layer are respectively located on both sides of the thickness layer and are closely attached to the thickness layer. The aperture layer is located near the focal plane of the lens array layer. For the first group of telecentric structures (1), the thickness of the thickness layer is defined as L1; the refractive index of the lens unit in the lens array layer is N1, the radius of curvature is R1, and the thickness is L2; L1 and L2 satisfy the relationship: For the second group of telecentric structures (2), the thickness of the thickness layer is defined as M1; the refractive index of the lens unit in the lens array layer is N2, the radius of curvature is R2, and the thickness is M2; M1 and M2 satisfy the relationship: The lens array layer is composed of several two-dimensional square lens units, N1=N2=1.61; the material refractive index of the thickness layer is 1.65; the thickness of the lens array layer is 0.37mm; the aperture of the lens unit is 0.8mm, and the curvature radius of the lens unit is 0.71; the center distance between adjacent lens units is 0.8mm, and the center distance between two symmetrically placed lens units is 1.9mm.
2. The aerial imaging display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Define the center distance between the two lens array units as L3, define f1 and f2 as the focal lengths of the lens units in the first telecentric structure (1) and the second telecentric structure (2), respectively, then L3, f1 and f2 satisfy the relationship: 0 <L3≤2(f1+f2)。 3. The aerial imaging display system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The distance between the image source (3) and the thickness layer in the first group of telecentric structures (1) is U, and the aerial imaging display system forms an imaging surface (4) at a position V away from the thickness layer in the second group of telecentric structures (2), satisfying the relationship: .
4. The aerial imaging display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral dimension of the aerial imaging display system is T, and the longitudinal width is H; Horizontal viewing angle satisfy: Vertical viewing angle satisfy: .
5. The aerial imaging display system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-shielding array area is an array structure composed of opaque paint, and the light-transmitting array area is an array structure composed of periodic light-transmitting areas.
6. The aerial imaging display system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light-transmitting array area is aligned with the centers of the lens units of the lens array layer.