A quick, safe and efficient hydrogen production system and method

Abstract

The application provides a quick, safe and efficient hydrogen production system and method, which solves the problems of long process time, high energy consumption and difficulty in quick hydrogen production for direct application of existing hydrogen production equipment. The technical scheme is that a conical steam chamber is arranged in a high-temperature steam generator, an annular combustion chamber is arranged on the periphery, a double-layer gas storage chamber is arranged on the top, and a high-temperature dryer is connected to the gas storage chamber through a conveying pipe; the annular combustion chamber is connected with an auxiliary burner and a hydrogen burner; a hydrogen production catalytic reactor is connected with a condensing gas-liquid separator, the hydrogen burner, a hydrogen purification device and a hydrogen collector. The hydrogen production method can provide high-temperature hot flue gas heating by using the produced hydrogen, which can quickly heat and gasify the hydrogen production raw material, produce hydrogen energy fuel through catalytic reaction, and prepare immediately, and the hydrogen energy fuel can be purified and applied to the use terminal, which is high in efficiency and energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy production equipment technology, and in particular to a fast, safe and efficient hydrogen production system suitable for the production and purification of hydrogen fuel. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional hydrogen production equipment is large and complex, requiring high-temperature heating of the hydrogen-producing feedstock and catalytic hydrogen production using heat transfer oil or electricity. This high-temperature heating process is lengthy, energy-intensive, and wasteful, resulting in low efficiency and high cost. Furthermore, the produced hydrogen, when used as fuel, needs to be stored and transported to end-use equipment, posing significant safety hazards and increasing costs. For example, its use in combustion heating applications suffers from low production efficiency, high cost, and delayed production and use. In patent document CN111115577A, the inventors disclosed a catalytic hydrogen production system and a hydrogen combustion reduction system for nitrogen oxides. This system primarily uses a feedstock vaporization superheater to heat and vaporize the hydrogen-producing feedstock. The feedstock vaporization superheater is a common vaporization device heated by electricity, and the vaporized feedstock is then fed into a feedstock reaction temperature regulator and a catalytic reactor for hydrogen production. The problem is that during the gasification process in the feedstock vaporization superheater, electricity is used for high-temperature heating. The process of heating at high temperatures through heat exchange is time-consuming, making it difficult to reach the gasification temperature, consuming a lot of energy, and resulting in low hydrogen production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid, safe, and efficient hydrogen production system and method. This solves the problems of existing hydrogen production equipment, which requires high-temperature heat exchange using heat transfer oil or electricity to produce hydrogen fuel, resulting in long processing times, high energy consumption, low efficiency, and difficulty in rapidly producing hydrogen for direct application. This new system can rapidly heat and gasify hydrogen fuel, producing hydrogen fuel through a catalytic reaction, with on-the-spot preparation and purification for use at the end-user level, achieving high efficiency and energy savings.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: This rapid, safe, and efficient hydrogen production system includes a high-temperature steam generator for hydrogen production. The high-temperature steam generator is sequentially connected to a high-temperature dryer and a hydrogen production catalytic reactor via a delivery pipe. The key technical points are: the high-temperature steam generator has a conical steam chamber inside, an annular combustion chamber around it, and a double-layered gas storage chamber at the top. The conical steam chamber and the annular combustion chamber are separated by a conical annular steam generating plate. The bottom of the conical steam chamber is connected to a liquid hydrogen production feedstock tank via a narrowed hydrogen production feedstock filling port. The hydrogen production feedstock filling port is equipped with an atomizing nozzle for spraying steam onto the steam generating plate on the side wall of the conical steam chamber. The top of the gas storage chamber is connected to the high-temperature dryer via the delivery pipe. An auxiliary burner and a hydrogen burner, which utilize fuel combustion for heating, are connected to the side of the annular combustion chamber. An integrated heat-insulating jacket is provided outside the high-temperature steam generator, the high-temperature dryer, and the hydrogen production catalytic reactor, forming a flue gas insulation chamber inside the heat-insulating jacket. A hot flue gas delivery pipe is provided at the top of the annular combustion chamber, penetrating the gas storage chamber and connecting to the flue gas insulation chamber.

[0005] The outlet of the hydrogen production catalytic reactor is connected to a condenser-liquid separator and a hydrogen burner via an electronically controlled valve. The hydrogen outlet of the condenser-liquid separator is connected to a hydrogen purification device via a delivery pipe. The hydrogen purification device is a physical hydrogen purifier and / or a chemical hydrogen purifier. The hydrogen output port of the hydrogen purification device is connected to a hydrogen collector via a delivery pipe. The hydrogen collector is equipped with an output port.

[0006] The hydrogen delivery outlet of the condenser gas-liquid separator and the output port of the hydrogen collector are also connected to the hydrogen safety combustion chamber through a delivery pipe. The flue gas outlet of the hydrogen safety combustion chamber is connected to the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve group, which is equipped with multiple output hot flue gas valves. The annular combustion chamber is equipped with a hot flue gas inlet, which is connected to the output hot flue gas valve of the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve group through a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe.

[0007] The annular combustion chamber is equipped with a hot flue gas inlet, which is connected to an external heat source flue gas delivery pipe via a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe.

[0008] The outer wall of the steam generating plate is provided with a high-temperature heat storage layer.

[0009] The high-temperature steam generator is equipped with a high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer on its exterior.

[0010] The gas storage chamber is composed of an outer plate, a bottom sealing plate, an intermediate sealing plate, and a top sealing plate. The top sealing plate and the intermediate sealing plate form the upper gas storage chamber, and the bottom sealing plate and the intermediate sealing plate form the lower gas storage chamber. The bottom sealing plate and the intermediate sealing plate are provided with ventilation holes.

[0011] The liquid hydrogen production feedstock outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid hydrogen production feedstock tank via a delivery pipe.

[0012] The hydrogen production method of the rapid, safe and efficient hydrogen production system includes the following steps:

[0013] S1 starts the auxiliary burner to burn fuel in the annular combustion chamber to generate high-temperature flue gas for heating;

[0014] S2 hydrogen production feedstock is atomized and injected into a conical steam chamber to generate high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock steam;

[0015] S3 hydrogen production feedstock steam enters the gas storage chamber for continuous heating;

[0016] S4 performs high-temperature drying of hydrogen production feed steam to generate high-temperature hydrogen production feed dry steam.

[0017] The dried hydrogen production feed steam from S5 is used for a catalytic hydrogen production reaction to produce mixed hydrogen gas in real time.

[0018] S6 mixed hydrogen gas is diverted via an electronically controlled valve;

[0019] The S7 mixed hydrogen enters the annular combustion chamber through the mixed hydrogen burner and is burned to produce high-temperature flue gas for heating. The auxiliary burner is used for heating compensation or can be shut down.

[0020] S8 mixed hydrogen gas is condensed and separated into gas and liquid phases to produce cooled mixed hydrogen gas;

[0021] The mixed hydrogen cooled by S9 is controlled to enter the hydrogen physical purifier and / or hydrogen chemical purifier through one delivery pipe to be purified into pure hydrogen. It is also controlled to enter the hydrogen safety combustion chamber through another delivery pipe to be safely burned and generate high-temperature flue gas.

[0022] S10 pure hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen collector or used in applications.

[0023] S11 pure hydrogen is used as hydrogen fuel for safe combustion to generate high-temperature hot flue gas, or for heat exchange and heating equipment.

[0024] S12 high-temperature hot flue gas is diverted by a high-temperature flue gas diversion valve group;

[0025] S13 high-temperature hot flue gas enters through the hot flue gas inlet set in the annular combustion chamber for combustion and heating.

[0026] The annular combustion chamber is also connected to an external hot flue gas supply via a hot flue gas inlet.

[0027] The positive effects of this invention are as follows: The high-temperature steam generator in this invention's rapid, safe, and efficient hydrogen production system features a conical steam chamber. A conical annular heat-conducting plate separates the steam chamber from the surrounding annular combustion chamber. This allows the auxiliary burner and hydrogen burner to burn fuel within the annular combustion chamber, heating the conical annular steam generator plate at high temperatures. Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle at the hydrogen feedstock filling port at the bottom of the conical steam chamber atomizes and sprays the hydrogen feedstock onto the high-temperature conical annular steam generator plate, rapidly vaporizing it to form steam. This avoids the high-energy-consuming process of traditional liquid surface evaporation for steam formation. The vaporized hydrogen steam then passes through a top-mounted storage chamber, followed by a high-temperature dryer and a hydrogen catalytic reactor, rapidly producing hydrogen fuel on demand. The use of a flue gas insulation chamber within the heat-insulating jacket allows for the full utilization of waste heat and a portion of the high-temperature flue gas from the combustion chamber, which is then sent to the storage chamber and high-temperature dryer. The dryer and the hydrogen production catalytic reactor provide periphery for the hydrogen production section to produce hydrogen fuel. The hydrogen fuel can be diverted via an electronically controlled valve to a mixed hydrogen burner for direct combustion in the annular combustion chamber for heating. Alternatively, it can flow via an electronically controlled valve into a condenser to separate cooled mixed hydrogen, which is then purified by a hydrogen purification device and stored in a hydrogen collector. The cooled mixed hydrogen and pure hydrogen can be used directly or burned to form high-temperature flue gas for various end-use applications, such as heating equipment and drying equipment in homes and industrial fields. Therefore, this invention can efficiently, quickly, and promptly convert hydrogen raw materials into hydrogen fuel, greatly saving time in the hydrogen production process. Because the instantaneous production of hydrogen fuel eliminates storage and transportation links, it is very safe for combustion and heating, allowing for immediate use. It also forms a self-circulating hydrogen production system, consuming very little conventional fuel, significantly saving energy and achieving high efficiency and energy saving. Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel produced through purification has a hydrogen concentration within the safe range for hydrogen use, ensuring the safe use of hydrogen energy. Its on-demand production and application at the end-user level are cost-effective, making it highly suitable for my country's clean and low-carbon energy market requirements. It can completely solve problems such as the difficulty and high cost of natural gas access in some areas, and eliminate the use of coal, oil, and environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of device connections in an example of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature steam generator to hydrogen production catalytic reactor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature steam generator structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the hydrogen production process according to an example of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of device connection according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Liquid hydrogen feedstock tank; 2. High-temperature steam generator; 3. High-temperature dryer; 4. Hydrogen catalytic reactor; 5. Electrically controlled valve; 6. Hydrogen burner; 7. Condenser gas-liquid separator; 8. Auxiliary burner; 9. Gas-liquid fuel tank; 10. Hydrogen physical purifier; 11. Hydrogen chemical purifier; 12. Hydrogen collector; 13. Hydrogen safety combustion chamber; 14. High-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly; 15. Delivery pipe; 16. High-temperature flue gas delivery pipe; 17. Thermal insulation jacket; 18. Flue gas insulation cavity; 19. Thermal insulation and flow regulation exhaust duct; 20. Atomizing nozzle; 21. Thermal insulation layer; 210. Conical steam chamber; 211. Steam generation chamber. 212 High-temperature heat storage layer, 213 Steam generating plate, 214 Liquid hydrogen production feedstock filling port, 220 Annular combustion chamber, 221 Bottom plate, 222 Combustion chamber, 223 Waste heat flue gas inlet, 224 Combustion chamber outer wall, 225 Shell-and-tube burner interface, 230 Gas storage chamber, 231 Top sealing plate, 232 Upper gas storage chamber, 233 Middle layer sealing plate, 234 Vent hole, 235 Lower gas storage chamber, 236 Central vent hole, 237 Bottom sealing plate, 141 Valve seat, 142 Valve body outlet, 143 Valve body inlet, 144 Rotating shaft, 145 Valve body main channel, 146 Valve plate. Implementation

[0037] according to Figures 1 to 7 The specific structure of the present invention will be described in detail, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a fast, safe and efficient hydrogen production system is assembled from a high-temperature steam generator 2, a high-temperature dryer 3, a hydrogen production catalytic reactor 4, a condenser gas-liquid separator 7, a hydrogen purification device, a hydrogen collector 12, a hydrogen safety combustion chamber 13 and a high-temperature flue gas diversion valve group 14, which are connected by a conveying pipeline to form a hydrogen production, purification and application system.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature steam generator 2, high-temperature dryer 3, and hydrogen production catalytic reactor 4 constitute the main components for hydrogen production. An integrated heat-insulating jacket 17 is installed externally, and a flue gas insulation chamber 18 is formed inside the heat-insulating jacket. (See diagram) Figure 3As shown, the high-temperature steam generator employs a combined structure consisting of an internal conical steam chamber 210, an external annular combustion chamber 220, and a top double-layer gas storage chamber 230. The conical steam chamber 210 is enclosed by a conical annular steam generating plate 213 that has a large opening at the top and gradually narrows at the bottom. This steam generating plate is also called a high-temperature gasification heat-conducting plate. The conical steam chamber forms a steam generating cavity 211. The top is sealed by the bottom sealing plate 237 of the double-layer gas storage chamber. The bottom end is formed by an annular inner lining plate and a nozzle fixing plate at the inner and outer ends of the central through hole of the annular combustion chamber bottom plate 221, respectively, forming a narrowed hydrogen production feedstock filling port 214. A high-temperature resistant heat storage layer 212 can be installed on the outer wall of the conical annular steam generating plate 213 to increase the heat storage capacity and meet the energy requirements under different atomization and gasification conditions. This layer is durable, conducts heat quickly, and has a large heat storage capacity; for example, a high-temperature resistant ceramic layer can be used. The bottom of the conical steam chamber 210 is connected to the liquid hydrogen production feedstock tank 1 via a hydrogen production feedstock filling port 214. The liquid hydrogen production feedstock tank is a commercially available container for storing liquid hydrogen production feedstock, equipped with a pressure-boosting, pressure-relief, and volume-regulating safety control system. The liquid hydrogen production feedstock in the tank can be methanol-water extracted from methanol neutralized with water, which provides on-demand hydrogen production at a relatively low cost, making it very suitable for my country's clean and low-carbon energy market requirements. The hydrogen production feedstock filling port is equipped with multiple atomizing nozzles 20, which are fixed by an annular nozzle fixing plate with mounting holes. The atomizing nozzles are used to spray the liquid hydrogen production feedstock onto the conical annular steam generating plate 213 on the side wall of the conical steam chamber. After forming a mist, the liquid hydrogen production feedstock comes into contact with the steam generating plate, instantly generating hydrogen production feedstock vapor.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the annular combustion chamber 220 includes a cylindrical outer wall 224, an inner wall formed by a conical annular steam generating plate 213, and a bottom plate 221. The conical steam chamber and the annular combustion chamber are separated by the conical annular steam generating plate. A combustion cavity 222, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the annular combustion chamber. A sleeve-type burner interface 225 connecting the auxiliary burner 8 and the hydrogen burner 6 is respectively provided on the outer wall of the annular combustion chamber. The auxiliary burner is a gas-liquid fuel auxiliary burner, connected to a gas-liquid fuel tank 9, used for temperature compensation when the system starts up to normal operation and when the system operating temperature is low. The hydrogen burner is used to burn mixed hydrogen in the annular combustion chamber when the hydrogen production system is in operation. Both the auxiliary burner 8 and the hydrogen burner 6 can be commercially available burners equipped with fuel tanks, pressure and flow control, and safety combustion control mechanisms, respectively. A W-type burner head or a Q-type burner head is inserted through the sleeve-type burner interface.

[0040] A gas storage chamber 230 is located at the top of the conical steam chamber 210 and the annular combustion chamber 220. The gas storage chamber can adopt a double-layer structure, assembled from an outer plate, a bottom sealing plate 237, a middle sealing plate 233, and a top sealing plate 231. The top sealing plate and the middle sealing plate form the upper gas storage chamber 232, and the bottom sealing plate and the middle sealing plate form the lower gas storage chamber 235. The bottom sealing plate has a central vent 236, the middle sealing plate has multiple vents 234 evenly distributed, and the top sealing plate has multiple conveying pipes. A hot flue gas conveying pipe 16 is also provided at the upper end of the annular combustion chamber, penetrating the gas storage chamber and connecting to the flue gas insulation cavity. This pipe can guide the hot flue gas from the annular combustion chamber into the flue gas insulation cavity 18, fully utilizing the waste heat of the hot flue gas to heat the high-temperature dryer and the hydrogen production catalytic reactor, saving energy. An insulated and flow-regulating exhaust duct 19 is provided on the upper part of the heat-insulating jacket 17 to discharge the heated flue gas.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature dryer 3 can use commercially available high-temperature superheated drying equipment for hydrogen production feedstock steam. It can be fully heated using a spiral heating and drying tube. The inlet is connected to the conveying pipe of the gas storage chamber. The high-temperature dryer dries the high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock steam introduced by the conveying pipe at high temperature. The outlet of the high-temperature dryer is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen production catalytic reactor 4 through the conveying pipe. The dried hydrogen production feedstock steam enters the hydrogen production catalytic reactor. The hydrogen production catalytic reactor can be a spiral or serpentine tubular reactor. The added hydrogen production catalyst can be a conventionally used, filled nickel oxide, modified copper oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt oxide, cerium oxide, and additives to synthesize an active catalytic reaction bed. In the hydrogen production catalytic reaction with certain process temperature requirements, mixed hydrogen gas is produced, which is also the hydrogen fuel and hydrogen chemical raw material randomly produced by the hydrogen production system of this invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the hydrogen production catalytic reactor 4 is equipped with an electrically controlled valve 5. This valve can be a commercially available electrically controlled valve that works in conjunction with a photoelectric temperature sensing safety controller, such as... Figure 1As shown, the two outlets of the electrically controlled valve are connected to the condenser-liquid separator 7 and the mixed hydrogen burner 6 via delivery pipes, respectively. The condenser-liquid separator is equipped with a mixed hydrogen output port and a liquid hydrogen production feedstock delivery port. The mixed hydrogen output port is used to deliver cooled mixed hydrogen and can be used directly as a mixed hydrogen outlet. Alternatively, it can be connected to the hydrogen purification device and the hydrogen safety combustion chamber via a delivery pipe equipped with a control valve. The liquid hydrogen production feedstock delivery port is connected to the liquid hydrogen production feedstock tank via a delivery pipe to return the unreacted condensed hydrogen production feedstock to the tank for recycling. The hydrogen purification device can use one of the commercially available hydrogen physical purifier 10 and hydrogen chemical purifier 11, or a combination of both purifiers in parallel or in series. The hydrogen physical purifier is a dry purification method, and the hydrogen chemical purifier is a wet purification method. The hydrogen output port of the hydrogen purification device is connected to the hydrogen collector via a delivery pipe. Two types of hydrogen purifiers can achieve a hydrogen purity of 95-98%. If a physical hydrogen purifier and a chemical hydrogen purifier are connected in parallel, control valves can be installed at the inlet ends respectively. Depending on the specific requirements, either the physical or chemical hydrogen purifier can be connected to obtain purified hydrogen. If a physical or chemical hydrogen purifier is connected in series, the hydrogen purity can reach over 99.9%. Different connection methods are selected based on the required hydrogen purity. The hydrogen collector output port can be used as a port for producing pure hydrogen.

[0043] The hydrogen collector output port can be connected to the hydrogen safety combustion chamber, and the mixed hydrogen output port of the condenser gas-liquid separator can also be connected to the hydrogen safety combustion chamber. The hydrogen safety combustion chamber can be a commercially available burner with a safety performance control assembly that controls the safe combustion of hydrogen in the hydrogen combustion chamber. After combustion, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated, which is then supplied to the system terminal for application in different fields.

[0044] The flue gas outlet of the hydrogen safety combustion chamber 13 is connected to the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly 14, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly is equipped with multiple output hot flue gas valves. The high-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly can have a valve seat 141 at the bottom. A valve body inlet 143 is located at one end of the main valve body channel along its length. An electrically controlled or pneumatic valve with a rotating shaft 144 and a valve plate 146 is installed inside the valve body inlet. Valve body outlets 142 are located at the other end of the main valve body channel 145 along its length and on both sides of its width. The valve body inlet 143 and valve body outlet 142 can be connected to a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe via flanges. Electrically controlled or pneumatic valves with rotating shafts and valve plates are installed inside the valve body outlets. Alternatively, valves can be installed within the main valve body channel. This allows for diversion and control of the high-temperature flue gas flow direction, flexibly controlling the output of high-temperature flue gas to supply multiple heat energy terminals, such as heating equipment, drying equipment, and other household and industrial equipment. It can be connected via pipelines for applications in different equipment fields such as air conditioning, hot air, hot water, and steam.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, as a further improvement, an external high-temperature flue gas inlet 223 can be pre-installed at the bottom of the annular combustion chamber 220. The hot flue gas inlet can be connected to the output hot flue gas valve of the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve group via a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe, or it can be connected to an external heat source flue gas delivery pipe. Together with the outlet of one valve body of the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve group, it is connected to the hot flue gas inlet of the annular combustion chamber via a high-temperature resistant delivery pipe, enabling the delivery of high-temperature hot flue gas to the annular combustion chamber to provide a heating source for the gasification of liquid hydrogen production feedstock, achieving high efficiency and energy saving. Connecting to and using external high-temperature flue gas allows for waste heat utilization, eliminating the need for conventional energy input and achieving waste heat utilization.

[0046] As a further improvement, a high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer can be installed on the outside of the high-temperature steam generator. Metallic and non-metallic materials can be used as the insulation layer to reduce heat loss. A high-temperature resistant heat storage layer is also provided on the outer wall.

[0047] like Figure 6 and Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for producing hydrogen. Using the above-mentioned hydrogen production system, the process of producing hydrogen includes the following steps and working principle:

[0048] S1 starts the auxiliary burner 8, which burns fuel in the annular combustion chamber to generate high-temperature flue gas for heating. The process of converting liquid hydrogen production feedstock into high-temperature hydrogen vapor (liquid-to-gas conversion) requires high-temperature heat energy, which is initially provided by the gas-liquid fuel auxiliary burner. This heat energy allows the temperature in the annular combustion chamber of the high-temperature steam generator 2 to reach the system control temperature, for example, approximately 600°C, which can be set via a temperature sensor. The auxiliary burner is used for hydrogen production system startup and temperature compensation. The thermal insulation layer reduces heat loss from the annular combustion chamber.

[0049] S2 liquid hydrogen production feedstock is atomized and injected into a conical steam chamber to generate high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock steam. First, the hydrogen production feedstock (methanol and water can be used) is added to a liquid hydrogen production feedstock container 1. Under pressure, this liquid feedstock is injected into the conical steam chamber through an atomizing nozzle at the front end of the delivery pipe. After being pressurized, the liquid hydrogen production feedstock is atomized through the nozzle into fine droplets—which then contact a steam generating plate with a temperature reaching 600°C—generating high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock steam. Using this technology, steam generation is 50%-70% more energy-efficient than conventional liquid surface evaporation and can generate steam rapidly.

[0050] The hydrogen production feedstock vapor from S3 enters the storage chamber for continuous heating. The rising hydrogen production feedstock vapor enters the lower storage chamber through the central vent of the bottom sealing plate, then enters the upper storage chamber through the vent of the middle sealing plate, and finally flows out through the conveying pipe connected to the vent of the top sealing plate to enter the high-temperature drying stage.

[0051] S4 performs high-temperature drying of the hydrogen production feedstock steam. The high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock steam is smoothly and evenly fed into the various connecting pipes of the high-temperature dryer 3 for heating and drying. After the system is operating normally, the high-temperature dryer can utilize the high-temperature flue gas filling the high-temperature flue gas chamber for heating and drying. The system control temperature is set using a temperature sensor to maintain the temperature inside the high-temperature dryer at 500℃, generating high-temperature dry steam for hydrogen production.

[0052] The high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock steam after S5 drying undergoes a catalytic hydrogen production reaction to produce mixed hydrogen fuel on the spot. The high-temperature hydrogen production feedstock dry steam, after being superheated and dried at high temperature, is sent to the hydrogen production catalytic reactor 4, which has certain process temperature requirements, through a conveying pipe. The temperature is controlled by a temperature sensor and can be maintained at 450℃ to produce mixed hydrogen, which is also the hydrogen fuel produced on the spot by this system. Within the safe hydrogen consumption range of >75%, this hydrogen fuel is extracted from methanol and water. The cost of random production is relatively low, convenient for users, and inexpensive, making it very suitable for the clean and low-carbon requirements of my country's energy market.

[0053] The S6 mixed hydrogen fuel is diverted via an electronically controlled valve. The produced mixed hydrogen is precisely controlled by electronically controlled valve 5, with one path sent to the hydrogen burner 6 via a delivery pipe; the other path is sent to the condenser-liquid separator 7 via a delivery pipe.

[0054] The S7 mixed hydrogen gas enters the annular combustion chamber via a hydrogen burner and is burned to produce high-temperature flue gas for heating. The auxiliary burner serves as a heating compensation or can be shut down. At this time, the hydrogen burner acts as the heating source for the high-temperature steam generator to operate normally. The auxiliary burner can be shut down or used to compensate for insufficient heat, forming a self-circulating heating system. This allows the hydrogen feedstock in the conical steam chamber to be atomized and vaporized to generate steam.

[0055] The S8 mixed hydrogen gas is condensed to produce cooled hydrogen gas. The mixed hydrogen gas enters the condenser gas-liquid separator through a delivery pipe for cooling gas and liquid separation. The separated cooled gas is cooled mixed hydrogen gas, and the separated cooled liquid is unreacted liquid hydrogen production feedstock.

[0056] The cooled mixed hydrogen gas from the S9 is controlled to enter the hydrogen physical purifier and / or hydrogen chemical purifier through one delivery pipe to be purified into pure hydrogen. It is also controlled to enter the hydrogen safety combustion chamber through another delivery pipe for safe combustion, generating high-temperature hot flue gas. The cooled mixed hydrogen gas is connected to the hydrogen purifier through one delivery pipe, with a control valve at the inlet of the purifier to control the outflow of hydrogen. The hydrogen is purified using the hydrogen physical purifier and / or hydrogen chemical purifier. Dry purification is performed in the hydrogen physical purifier using membrane separation or pressure swing adsorption processes to form pure hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas. The separated carbon dioxide gas is piped to its respective gas collector. Wet purification is performed in the chemical purifier using liquid chemical treatment agents to purify the hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas. The two hydrogen purification methods described above are highly effective, achieving a hydrogen purity of 95-98%. The separated carbon dioxide gas can be further purified or liquefied for sale. The wet chemical liquid purifier can be reduced and recycled. If a physical hydrogen purifier and a chemical hydrogen purifier are used in parallel, control valves can be installed at the inlet ends to select which purifier to connect, depending on the specific requirements. If a physical hydrogen purifier and a chemical hydrogen purifier are used in series, the hydrogen purity can reach over 99.9%. Different connection methods can be selected based on the required hydrogen purity. The cooled mixed hydrogen can also be controlled to enter the safe combustion chamber through another pipeline for safe combustion, generating high-temperature hot flue gas, which can provide self-circulating heat for the rapid, safe, and efficient hydrogen production system.

[0057] S10 enters the pure hydrogen collector for storage. The pure hydrogen entering the hydrogen collector can be used internally, applied to different fields that require pure hydrogen, or used to generate high-temperature flue gas through combustion for various types of hot flue gas end-use applications, such as heating equipment, drying equipment, and other household and industrial applications.

[0058] The S11 hydrogen fuel is safely combusted to generate high-temperature hot flue gas. Pure hydrogen from the hydrogen collector is sent into the hydrogen safety combustion chamber, generating a large amount of high-temperature hot flue gas.

[0059] The S12 high-temperature hot flue gas is diverted by a high-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly. The high-temperature hot flue gas is sent into the high-temperature flue gas diversion valve assembly, and the flue gas flow direction is controlled and adjusted as needed.

[0060] The high-temperature flue gas from S13 enters the annular combustion chamber for combustion and heating. The high-temperature flue gas enters the annular combustion chamber through the high-temperature flue gas conveying pipe, directly providing heat energy to atomize and vaporize the hydrogen production feedstock in the conical steam chamber to generate steam.

[0061] S14 supplies multiple heat energy application terminals, and high-temperature hot flue gas can be sent to heating equipment, drying equipment, heat exchange equipment, etc.

[0062] As a further improvement, the annular combustion chamber is also equipped with a hot flue gas inlet, which is connected to an external hot flue gas delivery pipe for heating via a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe. This utilizes a directly available heat source for heating, saving energy.

[0063] The hydrogen production system and method of the present invention require that the high-temperature pipelines and equipment involved be made of high-temperature resistant materials and that heat insulation measures be taken. High-temperature resistant materials include both metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0064] Therefore, this invention can efficiently, rapidly, and promptly convert hydrogen production raw materials into hydrogen fuel, greatly saving time in the hydrogen production process. Because the on-demand hydrogen fuel production eliminates the need for storage and transportation, it is very safe for combustion and heating, allowing for immediate use. It also enables self-circulating hydrogen production, consuming very little conventional fuel and significantly reducing external energy consumption, resulting in high efficiency and energy saving. Furthermore, the purified hydrogen fuel has a hydrogen concentration within the safe range for hydrogen use, ensuring safe use of hydrogen energy. On-demand preparation and application at the end-user level result in low production costs, making it very suitable for the clean and low-carbon requirements of my country's energy market. It can completely solve the problems of difficulty and high cost of natural gas in some areas, and eliminate the use of coal and oil, which pollute the environment.

[0065] In summary, the objective of this invention has been achieved.

Claims

1. A fast, safe and efficient hydrogen production system, comprising a high-temperature steam generator for producing hydrogen, the high-temperature steam generator being connected in sequence with a high-temperature dryer and a hydrogen production catalytic reactor through a delivery pipe, characterized in that: The high-temperature steam generator is internally provided with a conical steam chamber, externally provided with an annular combustion chamber, and provided with a double-layer gas storage chamber at the top. The conical steam chamber is separated from the annular combustion chamber by a conical ring-shaped steam generating plate. The bottom of the conical steam chamber is connected with a liquid hydrogen production raw material tank through a narrowed hydrogen production raw material filling port. The hydrogen production raw material filling port is provided with an atomizing nozzle for spraying the steam generating plate of the conical steam chamber side wall. The top of the gas storage chamber is connected with a high-temperature dryer through the delivery pipe. The side of the annular combustion chamber is connected with an auxiliary burner and a hydrogen burner which utilize fuel combustion to provide heat. The high-temperature steam generator, the high-temperature dryer and the hydrogen production catalytic reactor are externally provided with an integrated heat insulation jacket, and a flue gas heat preservation cavity is formed in the heat insulation jacket. The top of the annular combustion chamber is provided with a hot flue gas delivery pipe which penetrates the gas storage chamber and is connected with the flue gas heat preservation cavity. The delivery outlet of the hydrogen production catalytic reactor is connected with a condensing gas-liquid separator and a hydrogen burner through an electric control valve respectively. The hydrogen delivery outlet of the condensing gas-liquid separator is connected with a hydrogen purification device through a delivery pipe. The hydrogen purification device is a hydrogen physical purifier and / or a hydrogen chemical purifier. The hydrogen output port of the hydrogen purification device is connected with a hydrogen collector through a delivery pipe. The hydrogen collector is provided with an output port.

2. The quick, safe and efficient hydrogen production system of claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen delivery outlet of the condensing gas-liquid separator and the output port of the hydrogen collector are also connected with a hydrogen safety combustion chamber through a delivery pipe. The flue gas outlet of the hydrogen safety combustion chamber is connected with a high-temperature flue gas shunt valve group. The high-temperature flue gas shunt valve group is provided with a plurality of output hot flue gas valves. The annular combustion chamber is provided with a hot flue gas input port. The hot flue gas input port is connected with the output hot flue gas valves of the high-temperature flue gas shunt valve group through a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe.

3. The quick, safe and efficient hydrogen generation system of claim 1, wherein: The annular combustion chamber is provided with a hot flue gas input port. The hot flue gas input port is connected with an external heat source flue gas delivery pipe through a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe.

4. The system for fast, safe and efficient hydrogen production of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The outer wall of the steam generating plate is provided with a high-temperature resistant heat storage layer.

5. The system for safe and efficient hydrogen generation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The high-temperature steam generator is externally provided with a high-temperature resistant heat preservation and insulation layer.

6. The system for safe and efficient hydrogen generation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The gas storage chamber is composed of a peripheral plate, a bottom layer sealing plate, an intermediate layer sealing plate and a top layer sealing plate. The top layer sealing plate and the intermediate layer sealing plate form an upper gas storage chamber. The bottom layer sealing plate and the intermediate layer sealing plate form a lower gas storage chamber. The bottom layer sealing plate and the intermediate layer sealing plate are provided with air vents.

7. The system for safe and efficient hydrogen generation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The liquid hydrogen production raw material delivery outlet of the condensing gas-liquid separator is connected with a liquid hydrogen production raw material tank through a delivery pipe.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: The method comprises the following steps: S1: starting the auxiliary burner to burn fuel in the annular combustion chamber to generate high-temperature flue gas for heating; S2: atomizing and spraying the hydrogen production raw material into the conical steam chamber to generate high-temperature hydrogen production raw material steam; S3: the hydrogen production raw material steam enters the gas storage chamber for continuous heating; S4: the hydrogen production raw material steam is subjected to high-temperature drying treatment to generate high-temperature hydrogen production raw material dry steam; S5: the dried hydrogen production raw material steam is subjected to catalytic hydrogen production reaction to instantly produce mixed hydrogen gas; S6: the mixed hydrogen gas is shunted through an electric control valve; S7: the mixed hydrogen gas enters the annular combustion chamber through a mixed hydrogen gas burner to burn and produce high-temperature flue gas for heating. The auxiliary burner is used as a heating compensation or is stopped; S8: the mixed hydrogen gas is condensed and separated into cooled mixed hydrogen gas; S9 the mixed hydrogen gas cooled by the cooling device is controlled to enter the hydrogen gas physical purifier and / or the hydrogen gas chemical purifier to be purified into pure hydrogen, and is also controlled to enter the hydrogen gas safety combustion chamber to be safely combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas; S10 the pure hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen gas collector for storage or application; S11 the pure hydrogen gas is safely combusted as hydrogen fuel to generate high-temperature hot flue gas; S12 the high-temperature hot flue gas is controlled to be branched by the high-temperature flue gas branching valve group; S13 the high-temperature hot flue gas enters the annular combustion chamber through the hot flue gas input port arranged on the annular combustion chamber and is combusted for heating.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: The annular combustion chamber is also connected with external hot flue gas for heating through the hot flue gas input port arranged thereon.

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