A carbon footprint management system for precast component production integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain, comprising: a data acquisition module for collecting material information of prefabricated components according to RFID and production information of production processes according to sensors; a data processing module for generating a carbon footprint trading model through a data service middleware according to the material information and production information; a carbon calculation and verification module for calculating the trading model and verifying the legality of the transaction through a smart contract according to the carbon footprint trading model, and generating a new block carrying the carbon footprint trading model; a blockchain transaction broadcasting module for broadcasting the new block containing the trading model and signature information through the smart contract in the blockchain network and performing participant verification according to the consensus mechanism, and adding the verified new block to the corresponding local ledger; the present invention effectively solves the problems of data loss and human tampering existing in the application of the Internet of Things technology in the traditional construction industry by integrating blockchain technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon footprint management, and particularly relates to a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain. Background Art

[0002] Carbon emissions refer to the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated in human activities. Carbon emissions can lead to the greenhouse effect and climate change, so it is necessary to control and reduce carbon emissions.

[0003] The carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings mainly occur during the component manufacturing process. In order to effectively overcome the problem of decentralized carbon emission management in the current construction industry, the existing method is to propose a standardized carbon emission management for prefabricated component manufacturing to promote the wide implementation of carbon trading in the construction field. To achieve the above purpose, the carbon emission data in the previous construction industry was mainly obtained by prediction based on historical quotas or data submitted by contractors. However, in the face of problems such as complex construction processes, decentralized carbon emission sources, competing participants, and lack of real-time monitoring, the carbon footprint will be incomplete and inaccurate. The existing technology mainly uses the Internet of Things to integrate intelligent sensors and communication networks to achieve real-time intelligent perception, collection, and analysis of carbon footprint data in the production of prefabricated building components. However, the existing technology has the following problems:

[0004] 1. Since the data of Internet of Things sensors are mainly stored in the central server, it is easily tampered with by humans;

[0005] 2. For the Internet of Things devices used for carbon emission monitoring of construction projects, the project-based database has the problem of uniqueness and poor robustness. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain, comprising:

[0009] A data acquisition module for collecting material information of prefabricated components according to RFID and production information of production processes according to sensors;

[0010] A data processing module for generating a carbon footprint trading model through a data service middle platform according to the material information and production information;

[0011] The carbon calculation and verification module is used to calculate the transaction model and verify the legality of the transaction through a smart contract according to the carbon footprint trading model, and generate a new block carrying the carbon footprint trading model.

[0012] The blockchain transaction broadcast module is used to broadcast the new block containing the transaction model and signature information through the smart contract in the blockchain network and perform participant verification according to the consensus mechanism, and add the verified new block to the corresponding local ledger.

[0013] Furthermore, the data collection module performs the following operations:

[0014] Before the production of precast components, when the transfer cart carrying the RFID tag of the precast component arrives at the entrance of the production line, the RFID reader scans the RFID tag to obtain the material information of the precast component.

[0015] During the production of precast components, detailed production information of the precast components carried on the transfer cart in each production process is collected through a variety of associated sensors.

[0016] Furthermore, the data processing module performs the following operations:

[0017] Upload the material information and production information to the data service middle platform.

[0018] The data service middle platform summarizes and integrates the material information and production information according to the unique ID of the precast component to generate a carbon footprint trading model; among them, the carbon footprint trading model includes a material carbon trading model, a production carbon trading model, and a carbon summary trading model.

[0019] Furthermore, the carbon calculation and verification module performs the following operations:

[0020] Input the carbon footprint trading model into the Hyperledger Fabric platform, identify the carbon footprint trading model, and calculate the carbon footprint values of the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model in the carbon footprint trading model according to the carbon quantification model encoded in the smart contract and the carbon emission factor database.

[0021] And, through the data service middle platform, extract the carbon footprint data from all blocks containing material carbon trading and production carbon trading during the production process of the precast component for summary and integration to obtain the carbon footprint value of the carbon summary trading model.

[0022] Upload the calculated carbon footprint trading model to the pre-execution node to verify the legality of the transaction; among them, a legal transaction carries a digital signature.

[0023] Based on the smart contract, send the carbon footprint trading model with a digital signature to the sequencer to package and form a new block carrying the current carbon footprint trading model.

[0024] Furthermore, identify the carbon footprint trading model, and calculate the carbon footprint values of the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model in the carbon footprint trading model according to the carbon quantification model encoded in the smart contract and the carbon emission factor database, including:

[0025] Identify the type of carbon footprint trading model;

[0026] If the current carbon footprint trading model type is the material carbon trading model, identify the names and quantities of building materials consumed by the material carbon trading model, and query the corresponding carbon emission factors through the carbon emission factor database based on the names and quantities of building materials to obtain the first carbon quantification model to calculate the material carbon footprint value; the first carbon quantification model is:

[0027] ∑EE i =M i ×f i ×(1+ε i )

[0028] where i represents the name of the building material, ∑EE i represents the material carbon footprint value, EE i represents the material carbon footprint value of the i-th building material, M i represents the usage amount of the i-th building material, M i with the unit of ton, f i represents the carbon emission coefficient of the i-th building material, f i with the unit of kgCO 2 / kg, ε i represents the waste coefficient of the loss of the i-th building material during transportation;

[0029] If the current carbon footprint trading model type is the production carbon trading model, identify the names and quantities of energy consumed by the production carbon trading model, and query the corresponding carbon emission factors through the carbon emission factor database based on the names and quantities of energy to obtain the second carbon quantification model to calculate the production carbon footprint value of n processes; the second carbon quantification model is:

[0030] ∑(DE j ) n =(R j ) n ×(f j ) n / 1000

[0031] where j represents the types of energy consumed during the production of precast components, n represents the number of processes required during the production of precast components, ∑(DE j ) n represents the production carbon footprint, DE j represents the production carbon footprint of the j-th type of energy, R jrepresents the consumption of the j-th type of energy, f j represents the carbon emission factor of the j-th type of energy.

[0032] Furthermore, the blockchain transaction broadcast module performs the following operations:

[0033] Obtain a new block and broadcast the new block in the blockchain network through a smart contract;

[0034] Based on the consensus mechanism, the new block will be verified by other parties involved in the project to which the current precast component belongs and added to the corresponding local distributed ledger. At the same time, each participant receives and stores all the carbon footprints in the production process of the precast component in an anti-tampering manner.

[0035] Furthermore, a carbon footprint management system for precast component production integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain further includes a production process data authentication module. Among them, the production process data authentication module performs the following operations:

[0036] Obtain the production information collected by the data acquisition module to construct a production information set;

[0037] Monitor the production information set and determine whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data;

[0038] If it is detected that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data, output the production information to the data processing module;

[0039] If it is detected that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data, determine the unmatched production data as carbon footprint abnormal data; among them, the production data includes time-consuming data and energy consumption data, and the first verification data includes standard time-consuming data and standard energy consumption data;

[0040] Obtain the abnormal production process corresponding to the carbon footprint abnormal data and determine whether the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process; among them, the carbon footprint verification data includes verified time-consuming data and verified energy consumption data;

[0041] If the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, output the production information to the data processing module;

[0042] If the carbon footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, mark the production information differently and then output it to the data processing module.

[0043] Furthermore, determining whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data includes:

[0044] If each usage time data in the production data matches the standard usage time data in the first verification data,

[0045] and each energy consumption data in the production data matches the standard energy consumption data in the first verification data, it is determined that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data;

[0046] Otherwise, it is determined that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data.

[0047] Furthermore, it is judged whether the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, including:

[0048] If any usage time data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verified usage time data in the temporary certification conditions,

[0049] and any energy consumption data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verified energy consumption data in the temporary certification conditions, it is determined that the footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process;

[0050] Otherwise, it is determined that the footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0052] 1. Transform the traditional carbon quantification model calculated and analyzed by the central server of the Internet of Things system into a cryptographic algorithm of a smart contract on the blockchain, realizing intelligent carbon calculation that prevents human tampering, and solving the problem that the data of Internet of Things sensors in the prior art is mainly stored in the central server and is easily tampered with by humans;

[0053] 2. All records of production information and carbon footprint will be stored and transmitted in an anti-tampering transaction ledger generated by the decentralized blockchain, solving the problems in the prior art that the project-based database has uniqueness, poor robustness, and is vulnerable to external attacks and node failures, resulting in the risk of irreparable data loss and carbon audit defects.

[0054] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, and to some extent will be obvious to those skilled in the art, or those skilled in the art can obtain teachings from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the written specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0056] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0057] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system module of a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the work flow of a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the preferred blockchain carbon emission trading model in a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the generation situation of the carbon trading model of a single prefabricated component in each production in a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the logic and work flow of the carbon calculation part of the smart contract in a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the work flow of the blockchain in a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0063] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0064] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention proposes a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain, including:

[0065] A data acquisition module, configured to collect the material information of the prefabricated component according to RFID and the production information of the production process according to sensors;

[0066] A data processing module, configured to generate a carbon footprint trading model through a data service middle platform according to the material information and the production information;

[0067] The carbon calculation and verification module is used to calculate the trading model and verify the legality of transactions through smart contracts according to the carbon footprint trading model, and generate a new block carrying the carbon footprint trading model;

[0068] The blockchain transaction broadcasting module is used to broadcast the new block containing the trading model and signature information through smart contracts in the blockchain network and conduct participant verification according to the consensus mechanism, and add the verified new block to the corresponding local ledger;

[0069] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The present invention proposes a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain, which involves four stages, such as Figure 2As shown, the system is divided into four modules according to the stage functions. However, with the refinement of the stage functions, the system includes, but is not limited to, four functional modules. In this application, the carbon footprint management system includes a data collection module, a data processing module, a carbon calculation and verification module, and a blockchain transaction broadcast module. Among them, the data collection module is preferably on-site data monitoring. Specifically, the production information of precast components is monitored and collected in real time by Internet of Things devices. When the transfer cart carrying the RFID tag of the precast component arrives at the entrance of the production line, the RFID reader first scans the RFID tag to obtain the material information of the precast component. Next, during the production process, sensors such as laser sensors, acceleration sensors, smart electricity meters, and smart water meters output the detailed production information (including time used and energy consumption data) of the precast component carried on the transfer cart in each process until the precast component is completed and the transfer cart reaches the end of the production line; The data processing module includes data processing and transaction generation. Specifically, the above-mentioned material information and production information are input into the RFID system and the multi-sensor system. First, the building material usage and energy consumption are counted. Then, all the information is uploaded to the data service middle platform, where it is summarized and integrated according to the component ID. The data service middle platform will generate a carbon footprint transaction model, which is divided into three categories according to the categories of carbon footprints in the production of precast components: material carbon transaction model, production carbon transaction model, and carbon summary transaction model; The carbon calculation and verification module includes carbon calculation and verification driven by smart contracts. Specifically, the smart contract is divided into three parts. The first part is carbon intelligent calculation; the carbon footprint values in the material carbon transaction model and the production carbon transaction model are calculated according to the carbon quantification model encoded in the smart contract and the carbon emission factor database. The second part, the calculated transaction model will be verified for transaction legality by the pre-execution node. Once passed, it will enter the third part, that is, generating a block carrying the transaction model; The blockchain transaction broadcast module includes blockchain transaction broadcast. Specifically, new transactions are verified and signed by each participant within a short time through the consensus mechanism, and the new block containing the transaction and signature information is written into the distributed ledger of the blockchain. Each participant will receive and store all the carbon footprints in the production process of the precast component in an anti-tampering manner, which helps to achieve fair carbon allocation in construction projects; By integrating blockchain technology, problems such as data loss and human tampering existing in the application of Internet of Things technology in traditional construction can be effectively solved. Most importantly, the existing carbon footprint accounting methods mainly rely on the Internet of Things system to monitor the consumption of materials and energy during the manufacturing process of components, and then calculate by setting a carbon quantification model in the calculation platform. In order to effectively avoid miscalculation or manipulation, the carbon calculation smart contract developed in this invention innovatively realizes on-chain data calculation and effectively executes automatic transactions and ledger interactions, ensuring the timely transmission and secure storage of precast component carbon emission data among project participants;

[0070] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Through the above technical solution, the traditional carbon quantification model that is calculated and analyzed by the central server of the Internet of Things system is transformed into a cryptographic algorithm of a smart contract on the blockchain, realizing tamper-proof intelligent carbon calculation, and solving the problem that the data of Internet of Things sensors in the prior art are mainly stored in the central server and are easily tampered with by humans; at the same time, all production information and carbon footprint records will be stored and transmitted in a tamper-proof transaction ledger, which is generated by the decentralized blockchain, solving the problems in the prior art that the project-based database is unique, has poor robustness, and is vulnerable to external attacks and node failures, resulting in the risk of irreparable data loss and carbon audit defects.

[0071] In one embodiment, the data acquisition module performs the following operations:

[0072] Before the production of precast components, when the cross-carrier carrying the RFID tag of the precast component reaches the entrance of the production line, the RFID reader scans the RFID tag to obtain the material information of the precast component;

[0073] During the production of precast components, detailed production information of the precast components carried on the cross-carrier in each production process is collected through a variety of associated sensors.

[0074] In one embodiment, the data processing module performs the following operations:

[0075] Upload the material information and production information to the data service middle platform;

[0076] The data service middle platform summarizes and integrates the material information and production information according to the unique ID of the precast component to generate a carbon footprint trading model; among them, the carbon footprint trading model includes a material carbon trading model, a production carbon trading model, and a carbon summary trading model.

[0077] In one embodiment, the carbon calculation and verification module performs the following operations:

[0078] Input the carbon footprint trading model into the Hyperledger Fabric platform, identify the carbon footprint trading model, and calculate the carbon footprint values of the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model in the carbon footprint trading model according to the carbon quantification model encoded in the smart contract and the carbon emission factor database;

[0079] Among them, the transaction model is the information carrier that needs to be shared and recorded in the blockchain ledger and needs to be compatible with the selected blockchain platform. The permissioned blockchain Hyperledger Fabric can be widely applied to the construction industry and has the following characteristics: Hyperledger Fabric only allows authorized project members to participate in and maintain the network, thus protecting data privacy; Hyperledger Fabric is a modular and extensible open-source platform that allows customization according to user needs; Hyperledger Fabric can be easily developed using general programming languages (such as Go, Java, and Node.js); Therefore, Hyperledger Fabric is the preferred blockchain platform in the present invention; In order to match the form of the transaction model required in Hyperledger Fabric, Figure 3 a carbon emission trading model in the key=value format is proposed; where key is the component ID and value is the attribute, including the production date, project name, etc.; The first type is the material carbon trading model (see Figure 3 a), which contains the component identity information transmitted by the RFID system and the data information of the building materials consumption required by the component; The second type is the production carbon trading model (see Figure 3 b), which contains the production information transmitted by the sensor system and the data information of the energy consumption during the production process; It should be noted that the carbon footprint values in the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model need to be calculated by smart contracts; The third type is the carbon summary trading model (see Figure 3 c), which is generated at the end of component production and summarizes the carbon footprint data of components and projects;

[0080] Through the data service middle platform, according to all the blocks containing material carbon trading and production carbon trading in the precast component production process, the carbon footprint data is extracted for summary and integration to obtain the carbon footprint value of the carbon summary trading model;

[0081] Among them, the carbon footprint value in the carbon summary trading model is no longer calculated by smart contracts, but is directly summarized and integrated after the data service middle platform receives all the blocks containing material carbon trading and production carbon trading in the component production process and extracts the carbon footprint data; This series of transaction models are matched by the component ID, and the ID of each component is unique;

[0082] In a specific embodiment, during the production of precast components, the RFID tag of the component is only scanned once after entering the production line to generate the material carbon trading model; Assuming there are n production processes in total, the fixed sensors on each process monitor and transmit the production information of the n production processes, and a total of n production carbon trading models are generated; After the production is completed, a carbon summary trading model will be generated for summary; Figure 4Shows the generation of the carbon trading model for a single prefabricated component in each production;

[0083] Upload the calculated carbon footprint trading model to the pre-execution node to verify the legality of the transaction; among them, a legal transaction carries a digital signature; specifically, submit the processed transaction to the pre-execution node, and the pre-execution node will check the legality of the input parameters (i.e., function name and transaction data model). Among them, a legal transaction will carry a digital signature and be sent back to the smart contract. If the legality fails, it will be rejected to avoid clogging the blockchain network with incorrect transactions;

[0084] Based on the smart contract, send the carbon footprint trading model with a digital signature to the sequencer to package and form a new block carrying the current carbon footprint trading model.

[0085] In one embodiment, identify the carbon footprint trading model, and calculate the carbon footprint values of the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model in the carbon footprint trading model according to the carbon quantification model encoded in the smart contract and the carbon emission factor database, including:

[0086] Identify the type of carbon footprint trading model;

[0087] If the current carbon footprint trading model type is a material carbon trading model, identify the name and usage amount of the building materials consumed by the material carbon trading model, and query the corresponding carbon emission factors through the carbon emission factor database according to the building material name and usage amount to obtain the first carbon quantification model to calculate the material carbon footprint value; the first carbon quantification model is:

[0088] ∑EE i =M i ×f i ×(1+ε i )

[0089] Among them, i represents the name of the building material, ∑EE i represents the material carbon footprint value, EE i represents the material carbon footprint value of the i-th building material, M i represents the usage amount of the i-th building material, M i The unit of is ton, f i represents the carbon emission coefficient of the i-th building material, f i The unit of is kgCO 2 / kg, ε i represents the waste coefficient of the loss of the i-th building material during transportation;

[0090] If the current carbon footprint trading model type is the production carbon trading model, identify the names and consumption amounts of the energy consumed by the production carbon trading model, and query the corresponding carbon emission factors through the carbon emission factor database based on the energy names and consumption amounts to obtain the production carbon footprint values of n processes calculated by the second carbon quantification model; the second carbon quantification model is:

[0091] ∑(DE j ) n =(R j ) n ×(f j ) n / 1000

[0092] Among them, j represents the types of energy consumed in the production process of precast components, n represents the number of processes required in the production process of precast components, ∑(DE j ) n represents the production carbon footprint, DE j represents the production carbon footprint of the jth type of energy, R j represents the consumption amount of the jth type of energy, and f j represents the carbon emission factor of the jth type of energy;

[0093] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The role of traditional smart contracts is mainly to automatically execute the transaction and interaction rules in the blockchain ledger, and does not involve the on-chain data calculation in the transaction; in the carbon footprint management of the construction industry, from data collection in the production process to the quantitative calculation of carbon footprint, strict encryption is required to avoid the risk of human manipulation in off-chain data processing; in view of this, the present invention innovatively integrates the carbon footprint calculation function into the smart contract of Hyperledger Fabric. The first step in executing the smart contract carbon calculation is to calculate the carbon footprint values in the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model according to the carbon quantification model, realizing further processing of the information in the original transaction, and then the processed transaction can be interacted in the blockchain ledger through the interaction rules; as Figure 5 shown, based on the first carbon quantification model and the second carbon quantification model, the calculation of the carbon footprint is completed. It should be noted that the carbon aggregation trading model does not involve carbon footprint calculation. When the transaction type is identified as "total carbon footprint" in the first step, the carbon smart calculation part in the smart contract will be skipped.

[0094] In one embodiment, the blockchain transaction broadcast module performs the following operations:

[0095] Obtain a new block and broadcast the new block in the blockchain network through the smart contract;

[0096] Based on the consensus mechanism, the new block will be verified by other participants in the project to which the current precast component belongs and added to the corresponding local distributed ledger. At the same time, each participant receives and stores all the carbon footprints during the production of the precast component in a tamper-proof manner;

[0097] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: New transactions are verified and signed by each participant through the consensus mechanism in a short time, and the new block containing the transaction and signature information is written into the distributed ledger of the blockchain; Each participant will receive and store all the carbon footprints during the production of the precast component in a tamper-proof manner, which helps to achieve fair carbon distribution in construction projects, and the project participants reach a consensus to ensure the consistency of data in the blockchain ledger;

[0098] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 6 , when the data service middleware of the manufacturer generates a new transaction and inputs it into the Hyperledger Fabric platform, Step 1: Smart contract: perform carbon calculation and return the carbon footprint value in the transaction (except for the carbon summary transaction model); Step 2: Submit the processed transaction to the pre-execution node, and the pre-execution node will check the legality of the input parameters (i.e., function name and transaction data model); Step 3: The legal transaction will be signed with a digital signature and sent back to the smart contract. If the legality fails, it will be rejected to avoid clogging the blockchain network with incorrect transactions; Step 4: The smart contract sends the signed transaction to the orderer, and packs it into a new block containing the transaction; Step 5: The new block is broadcast in the blockchain network through the smart contract, and this block will be verified by other participants in the project to which the precast component belongs and added to their local ledgers; Through Steps 4 and 5, the project participants reach a consensus to ensure the consistency of data in the blockchain ledger.

[0099] In one embodiment, a carbon footprint management system for precast component production integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain further includes a production process data authentication module, wherein the production process data authentication module performs the following operations:

[0100] Obtain the production information collected by the data collection module to construct a production information set;

[0101] Monitor the production information set and determine whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data;

[0102] If it is detected that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data, output the production information to the data processing module;

[0103] If it is detected that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data, the unmatched production data is determined as carbon footprint abnormal data; wherein, the production data includes time-consuming data and energy consumption data, and the first verification data includes standard time-consuming data and standard energy consumption data;

[0104] Obtain the abnormal production process corresponding to the carbon footprint abnormal data, and determine whether the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process; wherein, the carbon footprint verification data includes verified time-consuming data and verified energy consumption data;

[0105] If the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, output the production information to the data processing module;

[0106] If the carbon footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, differentially mark the production information and then output it to the data processing module;

[0107] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: In practical applications, in addition to preventing intruders from artificially tampering with data in the database, the security level of the data source still cannot be taken lightly. In order to improve the automated authentication monitoring during data collection, the present invention proposes a production process data authentication module for further data monitoring of the data source for carbon footprint management to prevent artificial tampering. Among them, the production process data authentication module performs the following operations. First, after the data collection module collects relevant data, it obtains the production information collected by the data collection module to construct a production information set, and determines the first verification data in advance according to the obtained production information. The first verification data includes standard time data and standard energy consumption data. Among them, the data in the first verification data is preferably a data range. After determining the first verification data, it is judged whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data. Among them, the production data includes time data and energy consumption data. The time data includes time data such as the entry time, departure time, and total time of any component. The energy consumption data includes energy consumption data such as the electricity consumption and water consumption of any component in any production process. The production data is a fixed data value. If it is detected that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data, the production information is output to the data processing module. If it is detected that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data, the unmatched production data is determined as carbon footprint abnormal data. Among them, the carbon footprint abnormal data only includes the unmatched production data. In the same process number, the production data can include both matching production data and unmatched carbon footprint abnormal data. When it is determined as carbon footprint abnormal data, first, it is necessary to judge whether this part of the data is information that has been previously known to the participating parties or information that has not been identified by the participating parties. By obtaining the abnormal production process corresponding to the carbon footprint abnormal data, the determination method is preferably determined through the process number corresponding to the time data or energy consumption data, and it is judged whether the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, so as to determine whether the current part of the abnormal data is information that has been previously known to the participating parties. If the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, it is determined whether the current part of the abnormal data is information that has been previously known to the participating parties, and the production information that matches the carbon footprint verification data of this part is output to the data processing module. If the carbon footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, it is determined that there is a suspicion of tampering with the current abnormal information, and the production information that does not pass the carbon footprint verification data matching of this part is differentially marked and then output to the data processing module. It should be noted that only the unmatched carbon footprint abnormal data in the production information of each production process is marked, and the differential mark always exists when generating the model and performing subsequent processing on the differentially marked production information;

[0108] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Through the above technical solution, the source of production information in the component manufacturing process monitored by the Internet of Things system is authenticated and monitored, effectively preventing the problem of human tampering at the data source and ensuring the data reliability of precast component carbon emission data among project participants.

[0109] In one embodiment, determining whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data includes:

[0110] If each time-consuming data in the production data matches the standard time-consuming data in the first verification data,

[0111] and each energy consumption data in the production data matches the standard energy consumption data in the first verification data, it is determined that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data;

[0112] Otherwise, it is determined that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data;

[0113] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: If each time-consuming data in the production data matches the corresponding standard time-consuming data in the first verification data, that is, each time-consuming data is within the range of the corresponding standard time-consuming data in the first verification data, and each energy consumption data in the production data matches the standard energy consumption data in the first verification data, that is, each energy consumption data is within the range of the corresponding standard energy consumption data in the first verification data, it is determined that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data. Among them, the acquisition of the first verification data is preferably determined according to the historical data of each process and the corresponding national carbon emission standards; through the above technical solution, the source production information in the production process is accurately monitored using established standard data, reducing the probability of data concealment and tampering.

[0114] In one embodiment, determining whether the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process includes:

[0115] If any time-consuming data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verification time-consuming data in the temporary certification conditions,

[0116] and any energy consumption data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verification energy consumption data in the temporary certification conditions, it is determined that the footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process;

[0117] Otherwise, it is determined that the footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process;

[0118] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: If any of the time-consuming data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verification time-consuming data in the temporary authentication conditions, that is, any of the time-consuming data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the corresponding verification time-consuming data range in the temporary authentication conditions. For example, if any of the time-consuming data in the carbon footprint abnormal data is that the electricity consumption with the process number 1 is 6.85 kWh, which matches the electricity consumption range corresponding to the process number 1 in the temporary authentication conditions. It should be noted that each data in the carbon footprint abnormal data does not match the first verification data; and, if any of the energy consumption data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verification energy consumption data in the temporary authentication conditions, that is, any of the energy consumption data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the corresponding verification energy consumption data range in the temporary authentication conditions. If it is determined that the footprint abnormal data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, it indicates that this part of the footprint abnormal data is information known in advance to the participating parties. Otherwise, it is determined that the footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process. Through the above technical solution, the additional verification data formulated by the participating parties is used to complete the review and monitoring of the source production information in the production process, reducing the probability of data secretly being tampered with.

[0119] Otherwise, it is determined that the footprint abnormal data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary authentication conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process.

[0120] The present invention proposes a precast component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain. Through the above technical solution, it effectively solves problems such as data loss and human tampering existing in the application of the Internet of Things technology in the traditional construction industry. Most importantly, the existing carbon footprint accounting methods mainly monitor the consumption of materials and energy in the process of component manufacturing based on the Internet of Things system, and then calculate through setting a carbon quantification model in the calculation platform. In order to effectively avoid miscalculation or manipulation, the carbon calculation intelligent contract developed by the present invention innovatively realizes on-chain data calculation and effectively executes automatic transactions and ledger interactions, ensuring the timely transmission and secure storage of precast component carbon emission data among project participants.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to collect material information of prefabricated components according to RFID and production information of production processes according to sensors; The data processing module is used to generate a carbon footprint trading model through the data service platform based on material information and production information; The carbon calculation and verification module is used to calculate the transaction model and verify the legitimacy of the transaction through smart contracts according to the carbon footprint transaction model, and generate a new block carrying the carbon footprint transaction model; The blockchain transaction broadcast module is used to broadcast new blocks containing transaction models and signature information in the blockchain network through smart contracts according to the consensus mechanism and verify the participants, and add the verified new blocks to the corresponding local ledger; The carbon calculation and verification module performs the following operations: Input the carbon footprint trading model into the Hyperledger Fabric platform, identify the carbon footprint trading model, and calculate the carbon footprint values ​​of the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model in the carbon footprint trading model according to the carbon quantification model and carbon emission factor database encoded in the smart contract; And, through the data service middle platform, according to all the blocks including material carbon trading and production carbon trading in the prefabricated component production process, extract the carbon footprint data for aggregation and integration, and obtain the carbon footprint value of the carbon aggregation trading model; Upload the calculated carbon footprint trading model to the pre-execution node to verify the legitimacy of the transaction; legal transactions carry digital signatures; Based on the smart contract, the carbon footprint trading model with a digital signature is sent to the sorter and packaged into a new block that carries the current carbon footprint trading model.

2. According to claim 1, a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain is characterized in that: The data acquisition module performs the following operations: Before the production of prefabricated components, when the transverse transfer vehicle carrying the RFID tag of the prefabricated component arrives at the entrance of the production line, the RFID tag is scanned by the RFID reader to obtain the material information of the prefabricated component; During the production of prefabricated components, a variety of associated sensors are used to collect detailed production information of the prefabricated components carried by the transverse vehicle in each production process.

3. According to claim 1, a prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain is characterized in that: The data processing module performs the following operations: Upload material information and production information to the data service center; The data service center summarizes and integrates material information and production information according to the unique ID of prefabricated components to generate a carbon footprint trading model; among them, the carbon footprint trading model includes a material carbon trading model, a production carbon trading model and a carbon summary trading model.

4. The prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: Identify the carbon footprint trading model, and calculate the carbon footprint values ​​of the material carbon trading model and the production carbon trading model in the carbon footprint trading model based on the carbon quantification model and carbon emission factor database encoded in the smart contract, including: Identify the types of carbon footprint trading models; If the current carbon footprint trading model type is a material carbon trading model, identify the name and amount of building materials consumed by the material carbon trading model, and query the corresponding carbon emission factor through the carbon emission factor database according to the name and amount of the building materials to obtain the material carbon footprint value calculated by the first carbon quantification model; the first carbon quantification model is: ∑EE i =M i ×f i ×(1+ε i ) Where i represents the name of the building material, ∑EE i Indicates the material carbon footprint value, EE i represents the material carbon footprint value of the i-th building material, M i represents the usage of the i-th building material, M i The unit is tons, f i represents the carbon emission coefficient of the i-th building material, f i The unit is kgCO2 / kg, ε i represents the waste coefficient of the i-th building material lost during transportation; If the current carbon footprint trading model type is a production carbon trading model, identify the name and amount of energy consumed by the production carbon trading model, and query the corresponding carbon emission factor through the carbon emission factor database according to the energy name and amount, and obtain the production carbon footprint value of the n-step process calculated by the second carbon quantification model; the second carbon quantification model is: ∑(DE j ) n =(R j ) n ×(f j ) n / 1000 Where j represents the type of energy consumed in the production process of prefabricated components, n represents the number of processes required in the production process of prefabricated components, ∑(DE j ) n represents the production carbon footprint, DE j represents the carbon footprint of the production of the jth energy source, R j represents the consumption of the jth energy source, f j Represents the carbon emission factor of the j-th energy source.

5. The prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blockchain transaction broadcast module performs the following operations: Get new blocks and broadcast them in the blockchain network through smart contracts; Based on the consensus mechanism, the new block will be verified by other participants in the current prefabricated component project and added to the corresponding local distributed ledger. At the same time, each participant receives and stores all the carbon footprints of the prefabricated component production process in a tamper-proof manner.

6. The prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a production process data authentication module, wherein the production process data authentication module performs the following operations: Acquire the production information collected by the data collection module to build a production information set; Monitoring the production information set, and determining whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data; If it is detected that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data, the production information is output to the data processing module; If it is detected that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data, the unmatched production data is determined to be abnormal carbon footprint data; wherein the production data includes time data and energy data, and the first verification data includes standard time data and standard energy data; Obtain the abnormal production process corresponding to the abnormal carbon footprint data, and determine whether the abnormal carbon footprint data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process; wherein the carbon footprint verification data includes verification time data and verification energy data; If the abnormal carbon footprint data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, the production information is output to the data processing module; If the abnormal carbon footprint data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, the production information is differentially marked and output to the data processing module.

7. The prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain according to claim 6, characterized in that: Determining whether the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data includes: If each time data in the production data matches the standard time data in the first verification data, and, each energy usage data in the production data matches the standard energy usage data in the first verification data, and it is determined that the production data in the production information set matches the first verification data; Otherwise, it is determined that the production data in the production information set does not match the first verification data.

8. The prefabricated component production carbon footprint management system integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain according to claim 6, characterized in that: Determine whether the abnormal carbon footprint data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process, including: If any of the time data in the carbon footprint abnormal data matches the verification time data in the temporary certification conditions, and, if any energy consumption data in the abnormal carbon footprint data matches the verification energy consumption data in the temporary certification conditions, it is determined that the abnormal footprint data matches the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process; Otherwise, it is determined that the abnormal footprint data does not match the carbon footprint verification data in the temporary certification conditions corresponding to the abnormal production process.

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