An organic suspension liquid fertilizer, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to an organic suspension liquid fertilizer, a preparation method and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of liquid fertilizers. The preparation raw materials of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer described in the present invention include organic waste, polymeric phosphorus sources and compound auxiliaries. The organic waste serves as an organic raw material, the polymeric phosphorus source can modify the proteins in the organic waste, and combined with the compound auxiliaries, the organic suspension liquid fertilizer described in the present invention can maintain uniform fluidity for a long time and will not show phenomena such as stratification and caking. The organic suspension liquid fertilizer described in the present invention overcomes the deficiencies of traditional solid organic fertilizers, can be evenly applied in cooperation with water and fertilizer integration equipment, and compared with fully water-soluble organic liquid fertilizers, significantly reduces the production and use costs, and can significantly improve the nutrient utilization rate of crops for N, P, and K.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of liquid fertilizers, and particularly relates to an organic suspension liquid fertilizer, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, the application of organic fertilizers is essential. Like inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers are also divided into two categories: solid fertilizers and liquid fertilizers. However, currently, there are a series of problems in the application process of solid organic fertilizers, such as difficult granule disintegration, uneven dispersion in the soil, serious waste of powder fertilizers during fertilization, slow decomposition and transformation, etc., which restrict the efficient utilization of solid organic fertilizers. Although liquid organic fertilizers can solve the problems caused by solubility, most liquid organic fertilizers use fully water-soluble raw materials, resulting in high production and use costs, etc., and are not conducive to large-scale popularization and application in production.

[0003] Suspension fertilizers are a special type of liquid fertilizer that can contain organic fertilizer raw materials and / or inorganic fertilizer raw materials, and refer to liquid fertilizers in which nutrient components are suspended in a liquid in the form of micro solid particles with the help of a suspending agent. Currently, common suspension fertilizers are mostly fully water-soluble fertilizers, including fully water-soluble organic-inorganic compound suspension fertilizers or fully water-soluble pure inorganic suspension fertilizers, and there are very few records about non-fully water-soluble organic suspension fertilizers. Among them, fully water-soluble pure inorganic suspension fertilizers mainly use nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as the main nutrient elements, and the nutrient components are relatively single; fully water-soluble organic-inorganic compound suspension fertilizers, although enriching the types of nutrient components, have problems such as high production and use costs, etc.; in addition, both fully water-soluble organic-inorganic compound suspension fertilizers and fully water-soluble pure inorganic suspension fertilizers also have problems of fast absorption, fast loss of water-soluble raw materials, and short concentration reaction time, and multiple fertilizations are required, further increasing the use cost. Non-fully water-soluble organic fertilizers can enrich the types of nutrient components and well solve the problems of high production and use costs and short concentration reaction time. However, the reason why non-fully water-soluble organic fertilizer raw materials are difficult to prepare into suspension fertilizers is that after the organic fertilizer is made into a suspension, the product is difficult to maintain uniform fluidity for a long time, and problems such as stratification and caking are likely to occur. Currently, there is a lack of a non-fully water-soluble organic suspension fertilizer with high stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic suspension liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, so that the organic suspension liquid fertilizer can maintain uniform fluidity for a long time and will not show phenomena such as stratification and caking.

[0005] The present invention provides an organic suspension liquid fertilizer, and the preparation raw materials include organic waste, polymeric phosphorus source, and composite auxiliary agent.

[0006] Preferably, the organic waste includes peanut bran and / or rapeseed bran.

[0007] Preferably, the polymeric phosphorus source includes one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, and pyrophosphoric acid.

[0008] Preferably, the composite auxiliary agent includes one or more of calcium-based bentonite, sodium-based bentonite, xanthan gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium sorbate, and sodium benzoate.

[0009] Preferably, the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer is a non-fully water-soluble organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer.

[0010] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer described in the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0011] Mix the organic waste, the polymeric phosphorus source, and water to prepare an organic slurry;

[0012] Mix the organic slurry with the composite auxiliary agent and homogenize to obtain the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer.

[0013] Preferably, the content of organic matter in the second organic slurry is 20 wt% - 45 wt%, and the phosphorus content is 5 wt% - 20 wt%.

[0014] The present invention also provides the application of the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in improving the utilization rate of one or more nutrients among nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by crops.

[0015] The present invention also provides a usage method of the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution, characterized in that it can be applied by methods such as drip irrigation, ground spraying, flushing with water, or hole application.

[0016] Preferably, it can be evenly applied in cooperation with a water and fertilizer integration device.

[0017] The present invention provides an organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer. By using a polymeric phosphorus source to modify the protein in organic waste, and then adding a composite auxiliary agent, the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer can maintain a uniform fluidity for a long time without phenomena such as stratification and caking. At the same time, the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer prepared in the present invention has good dispersibility in water, is easy to be evenly applied, has sufficient contact with the soil, can improve the soil aggregate structure to the greatest extent, and does not have the problems of difficult disintegration, low utilization rate, and serious wind loss during powder application of traditional solid organic fertilizers; the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer of the present invention can also be used for topdressing, and by making the organic slurry into a suspension fertilizer, the nutrient components can be evenly absorbed by crops without uneven nutrient application.

[0018] Advantageous technical effects of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0019] (1) By using a polymeric phosphorus source to modify the protein in organic waste, and then adding a composite auxiliary agent, the present invention produces a suspension fertilizer from a non-fully water-soluble organic slurry, which can maintain uniform fluidity for a long time, without phenomena such as stratification and caking, and significantly reduces production costs. It can be used in conjunction with water and fertilizer integration equipment, significantly reducing the costs of manual and mechanical spreading.

[0020] (2) The organic suspension liquid fertilizer of the present invention has good dispersibility in water and can be applied by methods such as drip irrigation, ground spraying, flushing with water, or hole application. When used for drip irrigation, it will not cause system blockage and can evenly move with water to the crop roots, significantly promoting crop growth and yield increase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is an example diagram of the embodiments of the present invention under the conditions of 50 °C (left 1-3), 25 °C (middle), and 0 °C (right 1-3);

[0023] Figure 2 It is a comparative photo of potted plants provided by the present invention (from left to right are CK, T1, T2, T3, T4);

[0024] Figure 3 It is a result diagram of the influence of different treatments on the growth of banana seedlings provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a result diagram of the influence of different treatments on the absorption and utilization of NPK nutrients by banana seedlings provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The present invention provides an organic suspension liquid fertilizer, and the preparation raw materials include organic waste, polymeric phosphorus source and compound auxiliary agent. In the present invention, the preparation raw materials preferably include the following components in parts by weight: 200 - 450 parts of organic waste, 50 - 100 parts of polymeric phosphorus source and 1 - 5 parts of compound auxiliary agent. In the present invention, the preparation raw materials preferably further include water, and based on the mass of 200 - 450 parts of organic waste, the addition amount of water is preferably 249 - 445 parts. Further, for every 1 ton of fertilizer prepared, the preparation raw materials preferably include 200 - 450 kg of organic waste, 50 - 100 kg of polymeric phosphorus source, 1 - 5 kg of compound auxiliary agent and 249 - 445 kg of water.

[0027] In the present invention, the organic waste preferably includes peanut bran and / or rapeseed bran, and more preferably includes peanut bran and / or rapeseed bran which are by-products of oil extraction.

[0028] In the present invention, the polymeric phosphorus source preferably includes one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and pyrophosphoric acid.

[0029] In the present invention, the compound auxiliary agent preferably includes one or more of calcium-based bentonite, sodium-based bentonite, xanthan gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate. In the present invention, the compound auxiliary agent more preferably includes one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate.

[0030] In the present invention, the organic suspension liquid fertilizer is preferably a non-full water-soluble organic suspension liquid fertilizer. In the present invention, the protein in the organic waste is modified by using the polymeric phosphorus source, and then the compound auxiliary agent is added, so that the organic suspension liquid fertilizer can maintain uniform fluidity for a long time and will not show phenomena such as stratification and caking.

[0031] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer according to the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0032] Mix the organic waste, polymeric phosphorus source and water to prepare an organic slurry;

[0033] Mix the organic slurry with the compound auxiliary agent and homogenize to obtain the organic suspension liquid fertilizer.

[0034] In the present invention, the organic waste, polymeric phosphorus source and water are mixed to prepare an organic slurry. In the present invention, the mixing time is preferably 3 - 4 h. In the present invention, the content of organic matter in the organic slurry is preferably 20 wt% - 45 wt%, and the phosphorus content is preferably 5 wt% - 20 wt%. The content of organic matter in the present invention is calculated based on the content of organic C. The phosphorus content in the present invention is the measured phosphorus pentoxide.

[0035] After obtaining the organic slurry, the present invention mixes the organic slurry with a composite auxiliary agent and homogenizes it to obtain the organic suspension liquid fertilizer. In the present invention, the addition amount of the composite auxiliary agent preferably accounts for 0.1 wt% to 0.5 wt% of the total amount of the organic slurry. The present invention has no special limitation on the conditions of the homogenization, and conventional homogenization methods and conditions can be used for homogenization, such as using a colloid mill for homogenization. In the present invention, the particle fineness of the solid substances in the organic suspension liquid fertilizer is preferably ≥120 mesh. The organic suspension liquid fertilizer of the present invention can smoothly pass through the filter screen of the drip irrigation system and be completely dropped into the field through the filter system.

[0036] The present invention makes an organic slurry by using organic waste, a polymer phosphorus source and water, and makes an organic suspension liquid fertilizer by jointly homogenizing the organic slurry with a composite auxiliary agent, ensuring the stability of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer and preventing phenomena such as stratification and caking.

[0037] The present invention also provides the application of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the organic suspension liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in improving the utilization rate of one or more nutrients among nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by crops.

[0038] The present invention also provides a method for using the organic suspension liquid fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the organic suspension liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution, which is applied by drip irrigation, ground spraying, flushing with water or hole application methods. In the present invention, the application method is preferably uniformly applied in cooperation with a water and fertilizer integration device.

[0039] The organic suspension liquid fertilizer prepared by the present invention has good dispersibility in water and is easy to be uniformly applied. When used, it can fully contact with the soil, and can improve the soil aggregate structure to the greatest extent. There are no situations such as difficult disintegration, low utilization rate of traditional solid organic fertilizers, and serious wind loss during powder spreading.

[0040] The organic suspension liquid fertilizer of the present invention can be applied by methods such as drip irrigation, ground spraying, flushing with water or hole application. When used for drip irrigation application, it will not cause system blockage, can uniformly move with water to the crop roots, has a significant promoting effect on crop growth and yield increase, and can significantly reduce production costs at the same time. When used in cooperation with a water and fertilizer integration device, it can further significantly reduce the costs of manual and mechanical spreading; and the organic suspension liquid fertilizer of the present invention can also be used for topdressing. By making the organic slurry into a suspension fertilizer, the present invention enables the nutrient components to be evenly absorbed by crops, and there is no situation of uneven nutrient application.

[0041] To further illustrate the present invention, a kind of organic suspension liquid fertilizer provided by the present invention, its preparation method and application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The preparation method of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer is as follows:

[0044] Mix 2 kg of peanut bran and 0.9 kg of ammonium polyphosphate with water, and continuously stir at a speed of 180 r / min for 3 h to make 10 kg of organic slurry. Add 0.3 wt% of xanthan gum and 1 wt% of potassium sorbate to the organic slurry, and after fully mixing, perform 1 homogenization treatment with a colloid mill to obtain the organic suspension liquid fertilizer.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The preparation method of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer is as follows:

[0047] Mix 3 kg of peanut bran and 0.7 kg of ammonium polyphosphate with water, and continuously stir at a speed of 180 r / min for 3 h to make 10 kg of organic slurry. Add 0.2 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.1 wt% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 1 wt% of sodium benzoate to the organic slurry, and after fully mixing, perform 1 homogenization treatment with a colloid mill to obtain the organic suspension liquid fertilizer.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The preparation method of the organic suspension liquid fertilizer is as follows:

[0050] Mix 2 kg of peanut bran and 0.5 kg of sodium polyphosphate with water, and continuously stir at a speed of 180 r / min for 3 h to make 10 kg of organic slurry. Add 0.2 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.05 wt% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.05% of guar gum and 1 wt% of sodium benzoate to the organic slurry, and after fully mixing, perform 1 homogenization treatment with a colloid mill to obtain the organic suspension liquid fertilizer.

[0051] Test Example 1

[0052] The samples prepared in Examples 1 to 3 were evenly divided into 3 portions and subjected to destructive tests respectively.

[0053] Destructive test: Place the samples in an oven at 50 °C, at room temperature (25 °C), and at 0 °C respectively and let them stand for three months, and observe the layering, gas swelling, and icing conditions of the samples.

[0054] The test results are shown in Figure 1, The results show that in the destructive tests, no delamination, icing, or gas swelling occurred in Examples 1 to 3, proving that the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer described in the present invention has good suspension effect and the organic materials are evenly dispersed.

[0055] Test Example 2

[0056] Pilot test: A pilot test was carried out on the product prepared in Example 1 with a test amount of 1 t. A 2 m 2 pilot reactor was used, and the sample was placed at room temperature (25 °C) for 3 months. The pilot test results show that the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer product described in the present invention has a good state, no delamination occurred, no gas swelling occurred, the suspension effect is good, and the organic materials are evenly dispersed.

[0057] Test Example 3

[0058] Pot experiment: A pot experiment was carried out on banana seedlings. A total of 5 treatments were set up in the experiment, including a blank control group without applying any fertilizer (denoted as CK), three experimental control groups (respectively, an inorganic nutrient fertilizer group T1 with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 8:8:4, a fully water-soluble organic fertilizer (organic matter 20%, its NPK nutrient content is 8:8:4, T2), a fully water-soluble organic fertilizer (organic matter 20%, its NPK nutrient content is 12:3:5, T3)), and an experimental group applying the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer described in Example 1 of the present invention (denoted as T4). Each treatment was set with 4 replicates. According to the conventional application method of organic-type liquid fertilizer (weigh 0.1 g, dilute with 200 ml of water, and slowly pour it into the soil surface), fertilizers T1 to T4 were all diluted 200 times before application. The specific fertilization amounts are shown in Table 1:

[0059] Table 1 Fertilization amounts

[0060]

[0061] The comparative photos of the banana seedling pots after the test (from left to right are CK, T1, T2, T3, T4) are as Figure 2 shown. The obtained banana seedlings were analyzed, and the results of the effects of different treatments on the growth of banana seedlings (plant height and stem diameter of banana seedlings) were recorded. The results are as Figure 3 shown. The effects of different treatments on the absorption and utilization of NPK nutrients by banana seedlings were detected and recorded. The results are as Figure 4 shown. The pot experiment results show that the organic suspension-type fertilizer (T4) can significantly promote the growth of the above-ground and underground parts of banana seedlings and improve the utilization rate of NPK nutrients by banana seedlings.

[0062] In summary, the organic suspension-type liquid fertilizer of the present invention has good suspension effect, the organic materials are evenly dispersed, and no delamination or gas swelling occurs ( Figure 1)。Without adding extra inorganic nutrients to the fertilizer, the growth of the above-ground and underground parts of banana seedlings and the plant height and stem diameter of the T4 treatment were significantly better than those of the CK treatment, and there were small differences from the T1, T2, and T3 treatments ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 ). And it can also significantly improve the utilization rate of N, P, and K nutrients by plants ( Figure 4 ).

[0063] Test Example 4

[0064] Comparison test of the effects of additives: To compare the effects of several common suspension additives for suspension fertilizers on product stability. 2 kg of peanut bran and 0.9 kg of ammonium polyphosphate were mixed with water and stirred continuously at a speed of 180 r / min for 3 h to prepare 10 kg of organic slurry. 0.3 wt% xanthan gum (T1), 0.3 wt% guar gum (T2), and 0.3 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (T3) were added to the organic slurry respectively. After each treatment was fully mixed, it was homogenized once with a colloid mill. After centrifuging each treatment at 3000 r / min for 10 min, the precipitate was slowly washed out with clear water. The treatment without adding extra suspending agent was used as the control (CK). Each treatment was set with three replicates, and the average precipitation rate of each treatment is shown in Table 2, in which the xanthan gum has the best stabilizing effect.

[0065] Table 2 Comparison results of the effects of additives

[0066] Treatment CK Xanthan gum (T1) Guar gum (T2) Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (T3) Precipitation rate 13.2％ 1.9％ 2.1％ 2.7％

[0067] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative work, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic suspended liquid fertilizer, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials are organic waste, polymeric phosphorus source and composite auxiliary agent; The organic waste is peanut bran and / or rapeseed bran; The polymeric phosphorus source is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and pyrophosphoric acid; The composite auxiliary agent is a combination of one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and potassium sorbate and / or sodium benzoate; The preparation method of the organic suspended liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: Mixing organic waste, a polymeric phosphorus source and water to prepare an organic slurry; The organic slurry is mixed with a composite auxiliary agent and homogenized to obtain the organic suspended liquid fertilizer.

2. The organic suspended liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic suspended liquid fertilizer is a non-fully water-soluble organic suspended liquid fertilizer.

3. The method for preparing the organic suspended liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps: Mixing organic waste, a polymeric phosphorus source and water to prepare an organic slurry; The organic slurry is mixed with a composite auxiliary agent and homogenized to obtain the organic suspended liquid fertilizer.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The organic slurry has an organic matter content of 20wt% to 45wt%, and a phosphorus content of 5wt% to 20wt%.

5. Use of the organic suspended liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2 or the organic suspended liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to claim 3 or 4 in improving the utilization rate of one or more nutrients among nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by crops.

6. A method for using the organic suspended liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2 or the organic suspended liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: It can be applied by drip irrigation, surface spraying, flushing or hole application.

7. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The organic suspended liquid fertilizer is evenly applied in combination with the water-fertilizer integrated equipment.

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