A park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of the integrated energy system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system, which belongs to the field of integrated energy optimized operation. The method of the present invention is based on the load characteristics research of a typical park and the prediction of multi-scale new energy power, and through energy-carbon analysis, establishes the relationship between the park energy flow and the carbon flow, proposes a carbon flow distribution analysis and calculation method, and analyzes the carbon emissions of the energy supply end under different operating conditions of the park's integrated energy system; the present invention can quantitatively calculate the carbon flow distribution of the integrated smart energy system, the destination of carbon flows from different power sources, and the carbon emissions of each link, and find out the "source-load" carbon resource endowment of the park, so as to provide reliable support for the construction of a low-carbon architecture of the park's integrated energy system and the optimization of power scheduling solutions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optimized operation of integrated energy systems, and in particular to a park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on optimized operation of integrated energy systems. Background Art

[0002] The integrated energy system is currently an effective solution to improve comprehensive energy efficiency, reduce energy consumption intensity, and reduce environmental pollution. With the continuous development of the integrated energy system in the future, the planning, layout, and operation and scheduling of regional integrated energy systems have attracted widespread attention. As a typical application scenario of the integrated energy system, the industrial park is the main source of regional carbon emissions, with the characteristics of diversified energy supply forms, diverse energy consumption channels, and complex energy-carbon flow operation coupling. The optimized operation of the conventional integrated energy system only considers the optimal economic situation. Under the background of "dual carbon", the environmental benefits of carbon assets can also be actually converted into economic benefits, which needs to be taken into consideration when considering the comprehensive benefits of the park. How to build a unified and easy-to-calculate park energy-carbon flow analysis model, accurately calculate the carbon flow distribution of each operating equipment in the park, and study the park energy flow-carbon flow optimization operation plan that coordinates economy and cleanliness, and propose a park power supply scheduling plan, is a difficult problem in the operation and application of the park's integrated energy system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to propose a park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of the integrated energy system. Based on the load characteristics research of typical parks and the prediction of multi-scale new energy power, the method of this invention establishes the relationship between the park energy flow and carbon flow through energy-carbon analysis, proposes a carbon flow analysis and calculation method, and analyzes the carbon emissions of the energy supply end under different operating conditions of the park's integrated energy system. It can quantitatively calculate the carbon flow distribution of the integrated smart energy system, the destination of carbon flow from different power sources, carbon emissions in each link, etc., find out the "source-load" carbon resource endowment of the park, and provide reliable support for the construction of the low-carbon architecture of the park's integrated energy system and the optimization of the power scheduling plan.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Establish a comprehensive energy system for the park, clarify the various types of equipment included in the system and the output characteristic models of various types of equipment;

[0007] S2: Study the operation-carbon emission model of various equipment in the park's integrated energy system and establish the carbon flow relationship of the park system;

[0008] S3: Based on the output characteristics of various equipment determined in step S1 and the operation-carbon emission models of various equipment determined in step S2, determine the overall operation constraint solution conditions of the system and the solution constraint conditions of each equipment. The solution refers to finding the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the system and the power scheduling plan under the target operation state of the park. The target operation states are the three operation states of optimal economic cost, optimal carbon emission, and optimal economic cost of operation containing carbon price;

[0009] S4: Based on the overall system operation constraints determined in step S3 and the constraints of each device, three different operation objective functions are established for the system: optimal economic cost, optimal carbon emissions, and optimal economic cost of carbon-containing prices;

[0010] S5: Based on the selected target operating state, combined with the overall system operating constraint solution conditions and each equipment solution constraint conditions in step S3, the economic cost optimal operating objective function, or the carbon emission optimal operating objective function, or the carbon price operating economic cost optimal operating objective function in step S4 is solved to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the system under different target operating states of the park and the power scheduling plan.

[0011] Furthermore, the output characteristic models of various types of equipment in step S1 are as follows:

[0012] Photovoltaic power generation power output model: x 13，t =η PV S PV θ t (2)

[0013] Among them, r PV is the electricity conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the system; S PV is the area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the system; θ t It represents the average vertical solar radiation intensity of the region at time t;

[0014] Power output model of wind power generation equipment:

[0015]

[0016] Where v represents the ambient wind speed when the fan is running; V in Indicates the minimum wind speed at which the wind turbine starts generating electricity. When v is less than V in If it cannot generate electricity, the power of the wind power generation equipment is 0; V out Indicates the maximum wind speed of the fan; C p represents the wind power conversion efficiency of the wind turbine; ρ represents the air density; A w Represents the normal area of ​​the fan blade in the direction of wind speed; V ratedIndicates the critical wind speed of the fan at rated power; Indicates the rated power of the fan;

[0017] Gas turbine CCHP power generation model:

[0018]

[0019] in, It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; They represent the electrical, thermal and cooling efficiencies of CCHP under different operating conditions; They represent the gas power required by CCHP to generate electricity, heat and cold energy, respectively. Indicates the rated output power of a certain energy source of CCHP; x 1 / 2 / 3,t They represent the output power of electricity, cold energy and heat energy of CCHP at time t respectively; a0, a1, a2 and a3 are all constants of CCHP efficiency-power curve fitted by polynomial, and the fitting correlation coefficient R≥0.95;

[0020] Gas boiler equipment power-efficiency curve output model:

[0021]

[0022] in, Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; Indicates the thermal efficiency of the gas boiler; Indicates the output power of the gas boiler at time t; Indicates the rated output power of the gas boiler; b0, b1, b2, and b3 are all constants of the efficiency-power curve of the gas boiler fitted by polynomials;

[0023] The constraints of the maximum power output model of power grid equipment are:

[0024]

[0025] in, Indicates the maximum output power quota of the power supply station to the energy system; when x 5，t When <0, it means that the energy system transmits electricity to the grid, that is, sells electricity;

[0026] The output model of energy storage equipment storing energy at time t is:

[0027]

[0028] in, represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t; θ ESS Indicates the self-discharge rate of the energy storage device; Indicates the charge and discharge state of the energy storage device at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-charging, 0-discharging; Table, indicates the output power of the energy storage device at time t; Indicates the charging efficiency of the energy storage device; Indicates the discharge efficiency of the energy storage device;

[0029] The power output model required for heating / cooling of heat pump equipment is:

[0030]

[0031] in, Indicates the electrical energy required for the heat pump to provide heating / cooling; Indicates the working state of the heat pump at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-cooling, 0-heating; Indicates the heat-to-electricity ratio / cooling-to-electricity ratio when the heat pump is working; x 7，t represents the cooling output power of the heat pump equipment at time t; x 8，t Represents the heating output power of the heat pump equipment at time t.

[0032] Furthermore, the operation-carbon emission model of various equipment in the integrated energy system in step S2 is:

[0033] The main sources of external input to the park's integrated energy system are purchased grid electricity and natural gas. The carbon flow model on the input side is:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, CP e and CP gas They represent the carbon emissions caused by grid electricity and natural gas input into the system per unit time of system operation, ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment, ψ grid Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by purchasing each kilowatt-hour of electricity from the grid; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat;

[0036] The carbon flow model of gas turbine CCHP is:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, CP CCHP represents the carbon emissions per unit time of the gas turbine, They represent the carbon emission factors corresponding to the electricity generation, cooling and heating of CCHP units respectively; represents the carbon emissions caused by equipment operation loss of CCHP units; ψ gasIndicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat;

[0039] The carbon flow model of gas boiler is:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, CP GT It represents the carbon emission per unit time of gas turbine operation. Indicates the carbon emission factor corresponding to gas boiler heating, Indicates the carbon emissions caused by gas boilers due to equipment operation losses;

[0042] The total carbon flow model of the energy storage device is:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, CP ESS represents the total carbon emissions of the energy storage device, Indicates the amount of carbon stored or released during the energy storage charging / discharging process, Represents the carbon emissions caused by operating losses of energy storage.

[0045] Furthermore, the overall power constraint of the system in step S3 is:

[0046] The overall power constraint of the system is shown in formula (19). The three formulas included in formula (19) from top to bottom represent the system electrical balance formula, thermal balance formula, and cold balance formula respectively.

[0047]

[0048] in, represents the electrical energy consumed by all heat pumps at time t; represents the heat energy generated by all heat pumps at time t; Represents the cooling energy generated by all heat pumps at time t; Load t represents the energy demand of the entire park at time t; the superscripts HSS and CSS represent heat storage equipment and cold storage equipment respectively; the subscripts e, h, and c represent electrical energy, heat energy, and cold energy respectively; x i，t Represents the energy input of the ith device at the tth moment.

[0049] Furthermore, the constraint conditions solved by each device in step S3 are:

[0050] The constraints of the photovoltaic power generation system are:

[0051]

[0052] in, Indicates the maximum power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0053] The operating constraints of CCHP units are:

[0054]

[0055] In order to ensure the economy of CCHP energy output, the minimum output power of CCHP is constrained. Indicates the minimum output power of CCHP; Indicates the output power rating of CCHP; It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t;

[0056] The operating constraints of gas boilers are:

[0057]

[0058] Indicates the minimum output power of the gas boiler; Indicates the output power rating of the gas boiler; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t;

[0059] The energy storage equipment constraints are:

[0060]

[0061] in, Indicates the maximum capacity of the energy storage device; is the rated discharge power of the energy storage device; is the rated charging power of the energy storage device; represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t; x 6，t Represents the output power of the energy storage device at time t;.

[0062] The heat pump operation constraints are:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, it means Indicates the rated cooling power of the heat pump; Indicates the rated heating power of the heat pump.

[0065] Furthermore, the optimal economic cost in step S4 refers to adjusting the power dispatching plan while satisfying the load of the park. In a specific embodiment, the distribution of power outputs such as the power grid, natural gas, wind turbines and photovoltaic panels can be adjusted to minimize the AC value of all economic costs within a unit time interval of the integrated energy system. The optimal economic cost operation objective function is:

[0066] AC=C grid +C GT +C CCHP (25)

[0067]

[0068] sp grid =0.8×p gird (29)

[0069] Among them, AC (represents all economic costs of the integrated energy system within a unit time interval; C CCHP represents the cost of CCHP operation per unit time; C GT It represents the cost of gas boiler operation per unit time; p gas Indicates the price of natural gas per unit volume.

[0070] When calculating the energy costs generated by grid equipment, this model uses the regional time-of-use electricity price standard for charging. grid represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; p grid Indicates the price of buying electricity; sp grid The price of electricity sold; Represents the state of the power grid at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 0-selling electricity, 1-buying electricity.

[0071] Furthermore, the optimal carbon emissions in step S4 refers to adjusting the power dispatching plan while meeting the load of the park. In a specific embodiment, the distribution of power outputs such as the power grid, natural gas, wind turbines and photovoltaic panels can be adjusted to minimize the overall carbon emissions CC value of the integrated energy system within a unit time interval. The optimal carbon emissions operation objective function is:

[0072]

[0073] Where CC represents the overall carbon emissions of the integrated energy system per unit time interval; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; ψ grid Represents the carbon emission factor generated for each kilowatt-hour of electricity purchased from the grid.

[0074] Furthermore, the optimal economic cost of the carbon price in step S4 refers to adjusting the power dispatching plan while meeting the load of the park. In a specific embodiment, the distribution of power outputs such as the power grid, natural gas, wind turbines and photovoltaic panels can be adjusted to minimize the CP value of the carbon-containing operating economic cost per unit time interval of the integrated energy system. The optimal operating objective function of the economic cost of the carbon price is:

[0075] CP=C grid +C GT +C CCHP +CC×p carbon (31)

[0076] Among them, CP represents the carbon-containing operating economic cost of the integrated energy system per unit time interval, C grid Represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; C GT Indicates the cost of gas boiler operation per unit time; C CCHP represents the cost of CCHP operation per unit time; CC represents the overall carbon emissions of the integrated energy system per unit time interval; p carbon Represents the price of carbon emissions per unit mass.

[0077] Furthermore, the solution of the economic cost optimal operation objective function in step S5 refers to combining formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (25) to formula (29) to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the park system and the power supply scheduling plan when the economic cost AC value per unit time interval is the minimum under the economic cost optimal target operation state of the park comprehensive energy system;

[0078] Solving the optimal carbon emission operation objective function in step S5 refers to combining formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (30) to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the park system and the power scheduling plan when the overall carbon emission CC value per unit time interval is minimized under the optimal carbon emission target operation state of the park comprehensive energy system;

[0079] The solution to the optimal operating objective function of the operating economic cost of the carbon-containing price in step S5 refers to combining formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (31) to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the park system and the power scheduling plan when the CP value of the carbon-containing operating economic cost per unit time interval is the minimum under the optimal target operating state of the operating economic cost of the carbon-containing price of the park's comprehensive energy system.

[0080] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0081] The present invention provides a park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of the integrated energy system. It takes into account the limiting factors of the park under different operating requirements, proposes the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the park system and a low-carbon economic power supply scheduling plan, which can provide a decision-making basis for the efficient operation and carbon asset management of the park's integrated energy system and provide technical support for the efficient and low-carbon operation of the park. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] Figure 1 This is the typical park integrated energy system structure studied in this invention.

[0083] Figure 2 It is the equipment type number in the modeling of the typical park integrated energy system studied in this invention.

[0084] Figure 3 The present invention provides a flow chart for optimizing the solution using a particle swarm model.

[0085] Figure 4 These are the operating parameters related to each device in the park system of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 5 This is the electrical / thermal efficiency-power fitting curve of the CCHP device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 6 This is the energy consumption of various loads per hour on a typical day in the system of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 7 This is a diagram of energy flow distribution in the park when the system economic cost is optimally operated in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 8 This is a carbon flow distribution diagram of the park when the economic cost of the system in the embodiment of the present invention is optimally operated.

[0090] Fig. 9 This is a diagram of energy flow distribution in the park when the system carbon emissions are optimally operated according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Fig.10 This is a carbon flow distribution diagram of the park when the carbon emissions of the system in the embodiment of the present invention are optimally operated.

[0092] Fig.11 This is the energy flow distribution diagram of the park when the operating economic cost of the carbon price of the system in the embodiment of the present invention is optimal.

[0093] Fig.12 This is a carbon flow distribution diagram of the park when the operating economic cost of the carbon price of the system in an embodiment of the present invention is optimal.

[0094] Among them: A-grid; B-wind energy; C-natural gas; D-CCHP; E-gas boiler; F-heat load; G-cooling load; H-heat pump; I-electric load; J-energy storage device; K-solar energy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the invention clearer, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0096] The patent of this invention is a park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of the integrated energy system, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0097] Step 1: Establish a typical integrated energy system for a park, which includes energy, power grid, load, and energy storage, and clearly define the components and output characteristics of the system.

[0098] The regional comprehensive energy system established by the present invention and its components are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the components of the regional comprehensive energy system include power grid A, wind energy B, natural gas C, CCHP gas turbine D, gas boiler E, heat load F, cold load G, heat pump H, electric load I, energy storage device J, and solar energy K. The regional comprehensive energy system adopts a source-grid-load-storage integrated model, fully considering the energy characteristics of renewable energy and fossil energy, using solar energy, wind energy, natural gas and electricity provided by the power grid as the energy source of the park comprehensive energy system, and using heat pumps, gas boilers, CCHP units, photovoltaic power generation systems, wind power generation systems and energy storage stations as energy conversion hubs to meet the three different needs of electric load, heat load and cold load of the entire park.

[0099] In the present invention, the input and output power of all types of energy in all time periods of the integrated energy system in one day is expressed as X:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, x i,jrepresents the energy input of the i-th device at the j-th moment; the superscript E represents the energy type corresponding to x, including electrical energy, thermal energy, and cold energy. In the present invention, it is divided into 24 moments in total, and n represents a total of n devices; in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the device output type is divided into 14 types, and the device type number is shown in Figure 2 .

[0102] Based on the performance characteristics of different equipment in the park's integrated energy system, the corresponding output and energy equations are further constructed for the integrated energy system.

[0103] 1) Photovoltaic power generation equipment

[0104] The output of photovoltaic power generation equipment is mainly related to the solar radiation intensity of the park and the panel area of ​​the equipment. The power output model of photovoltaic power generation equipment is as follows:

[0105] x 13,t =η PV S PV θ t (2)

[0106] Among them, η PV is the electricity conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the system; S PV is the area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the system; θ t Represents the average vertical solar radiation intensity in the region at time t.

[0107] 2) Wind power generation equipment

[0108] The output of wind power generation equipment is mainly related to the vertical average wind speed in the fan blades, the normal area of ​​the fan blades in the wind speed direction and the wind power conversion efficiency. The power output model of wind power generation equipment is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] Where v represents the ambient wind speed when the fan is running; V in Indicates the minimum wind speed at which the wind turbine starts generating electricity. When v is less than V in If it cannot generate electricity, the power of the wind power generation equipment is 0; V out Indicates the maximum wind speed of the fan; C p represents the wind power conversion efficiency of the wind turbine; ρ represents the air density; A w Represents the normal area of ​​the fan blade in the direction of wind speed; V rated Indicates the critical wind speed of the fan at rated power; Indicates the rated power of the fan.

[0111] 3) Gas turbine (CCHP)

[0112] CCHP uses the output mode of determining electricity based on heat. First, the heating and cooling power of CCHP is determined, and then the power generation power of CCHP is calculated based on the heating and cooling power at this time. The specific model is as follows:

[0113]

[0114] in, It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; They represent the electrical, thermal and cooling efficiencies of CCHP under different operating conditions; They represent the gas power required by CCHP to generate electricity, heat and cold energy, respectively. Indicates the rated output power of a certain energy source of CCHP; x 1 / 2 / 3,t They represent the output power of electricity, cooling and heat energy of CCHP at time t respectively; a0, a1, a2, a3 are all constants of efficiency-power curve of CCHP fitted by polynomial, and the fitting correlation coefficient R≥0.95.

[0115] 4) Gas boiler equipment

[0116] Gas boiler equipment can only meet the heat demand of the integrated energy system, and its thermal efficiency still uses a third-order polynomial to simulate the power-efficiency curve of the gas boiler. The specific model is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] in, Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; Indicates the thermal efficiency of the gas boiler; Indicates the output power of the gas boiler at time t; It represents the rated output power of the gas boiler; b0, b1, b2, and b3 are all constants of the efficiency-power curve of the gas boiler fitted by polynomial.

[0119] 5) Power grid equipment

[0120] The grid equipment, i.e., the external power supply station of the system, transmits electricity to the system and participates in the power supply of the entire integrated energy system. In this model, the grid only considers constraints and costs.

[0121] The constraints are:

[0122]

[0123] in, Indicates the maximum output power quota of the power supply station to the energy system; when x 5,t When <0, it means that the energy system transmits electricity to the power grid, that is, sells electricity.

[0124] 6) Energy storage equipment

[0125] Energy storage equipment includes heat storage equipment, energy storage equipment and power storage equipment. The models are basically the same. This description takes power storage equipment as an example. The main purpose of energy storage equipment in the energy system designed this time is to conduct energy arbitrage based on the current time-of-use electricity price status of the power grid to gain benefits, and to compensate for the wind and solar abandonment rates caused by the uneven temporal and spatial distribution of renewable energy. For energy storage facilities, the model design is mainly based on its state of charge (SOF). The specific model design is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] in, represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t; θ ESS Indicates the self-discharge rate of the energy storage device; Indicates the charge and discharge state of the energy storage device at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-charging, 0-discharging; indicates the output power of the energy storage device at time t; Indicates the charging efficiency of the energy storage device; Indicates the discharge efficiency of the energy storage device.

[0128] 7) Heat pump equipment

[0129] The heat pump equipment is mainly responsible for meeting the cooling load and heating load of the park's comprehensive energy system, as well as meeting the peak load during the peak cooling and heating load periods. However, in this model, the heat pump cannot meet both the cooling load and the heating load at the same time.

[0130]

[0131] in, Indicates the electrical energy required for the heat pump to provide heating / cooling; Indicates the working state of the heat pump at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-cooling, 0-heating; Indicates the heat-to-electricity ratio / cooling-to-electricity ratio when the heat pump is working; x 7,t represents the cooling output power of the heat pump equipment at time t; x 8,t Represents the heating output power of the heat pump equipment at time t.

[0132] Step 2: Study the efficiency-power carbon emission models of various typical equipment in the park’s integrated energy system and establish the carbon flow relationship of the park system.

[0133] The main sources of external input to the park's integrated energy system are purchased grid electricity and natural gas. The carbon flow model on the input side is:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, CP eand CP gas They represent the carbon emissions caused by grid electricity and natural gas input into the system per unit time of system operation, ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment, ψ grid Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by purchasing each kilowatt-hour of electricity from the grid; μ gas Indicates the volume of natural gas required to generate each kilowatt of heat.

[0136] When establishing the carbon flow model, it is considered that the carbon emissions generated by the grid electricity will flow to the energy storage equipment, heat pumps and electrical loads along with the flow of electricity. The carbon emissions generated by the use of natural gas will further flow in the park through CCHP and boilers, and finally flow to the load end.

[0137] The carbon flow in each conversion device within the park satisfies the carbon flow conservation of input and output devices:

[0138] 1) CCHP equipment

[0139]

[0140] Among them, CP CCHP represents the carbon emissions per unit time of the gas turbine, They represent the carbon emission factors corresponding to the electricity generation, cooling and heating of CCHP units respectively; represents the carbon emissions caused by equipment operation loss of CCHP units; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas Indicates the volume of natural gas required to generate each kilowatt of heat.

[0141] 2) Gas boiler

[0142]

[0143] Among them, CP GT It represents the carbon emission per unit time of gas turbine operation. Indicates the carbon emission factor corresponding to gas boiler heating, Represents the carbon emissions caused by gas boilers due to equipment operation losses.

[0144] 3) Energy storage device

[0145]

[0146] Among them, CP ESS represents the total carbon emissions of the energy storage device, Indicates the amount of carbon stored or released during the energy storage charging / discharging process, Represents the carbon emissions caused by operating losses of energy storage.

[0147] Step 3: Determine the overall operating constraints of the system and the constraints to be solved for each typical device.

[0148] The overall power constraints of the system include the system electrical balance, thermal balance and cold balance; the electrical balance means that the electrical energy generated by the system is equal to the electrical load; the thermal balance means that the thermal energy generated by the system is equal to the thermal load; the cold balance means that the cold source generated by the system is equal to the cold load; the system's electrical load, thermal load and cold load are known.

[0149] The overall power constraint of the system is shown in formula (19). The three formulas included in formula (19) from top to bottom represent the system electrical balance formula, thermal balance formula, and cold balance formula respectively.

[0150]

[0151] in, represents the electrical energy consumed by all heat pumps at time t; represents the heat energy generated by all heat pumps at time t; Indicates the cooling energy generated by all heat pumps at time t; Load t represents the energy demand of the entire park at time t; the superscripts HSS and CSS represent heat storage equipment and cold storage equipment respectively; the subscripts e, h, and c represent electrical energy, heat energy, and cold energy respectively; x i,t Represents the energy input of the ith device at the tth moment.

[0152] The constraints of the photovoltaic power generation system are:

[0153]

[0154] in, Indicates the maximum power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0155] The operating constraints of CCHP units are:

[0156]

[0157] In order to ensure the economy of CCHP energy output, the minimum output power of CCHP is constrained. Indicates the minimum output power of CCHP; Indicates the output power rating of CCHP; It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t.

[0158] The operating constraints of gas boilers are:

[0159]

[0160] Indicates the minimum output power of the gas boiler; Indicates the output power rating of the gas boiler; It indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t.

[0161] The energy storage equipment constraints are:

[0162]

[0163] in, Indicates the maximum capacity of the energy storage device; is the rated discharge power of the energy storage device; is the rated charging power of the energy storage device; represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t; x 6,t Represents the output power of the energy storage device at time t.

[0164] The heat pump operation constraints are:

[0165]

[0166] Among them, it means Indicates the rated cooling power of the heat pump; Indicates the rated heating power of the heat pump.

[0167] Step 4: Based on the energy flow-carbon flow model, establish the operation objective function for three different situations: optimal economic cost, optimal carbon emissions, and optimal economic cost of carbon-containing prices.

[0168] 1) Optimal economic cost

[0169] The economic costs of the park's integrated energy system mainly come from three parts: power purchase from the grid, and natural gas consumption by CCHP and gas boiler equipment.

[0170] AC

[0171] AC=C grid +C GT +C CCHP (25)

[0172]

[0173] sp grid =0.8×p gird (29)

[0174] Among them, AC (represents all economic costs of the integrated energy system within a unit time interval; C CCHP represents the cost of CCHP operation per unit time; C GTIt represents the cost of gas boiler operation per unit time; p gas Indicates the price of natural gas per unit volume.

[0175] When calculating the energy costs generated by grid equipment, this model uses the regional time-of-use electricity price standard for charging. grid represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; p grid Indicates the price of buying electricity; sp grid The price of electricity sold; Represents the state of the power grid at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 0-selling electricity, 1-buying electricity.

[0176] 2) Optimal carbon emissions

[0177] The carbon emission input of the entire integrated energy system is divided into two parts, namely the carbon emissions generated by natural gas and the changes in carbon emissions generated by the purchase and sale of electricity by the integrated energy system. The system carbon emissions are optimized from the input end, and the objective function is:

[0178]

[0179] Where CC represents the overall carbon emissions of the integrated energy system per unit time interval; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; ψ grid Represents the carbon emission factor generated for each kilowatt-hour of electricity purchased from the grid.

[0180] 3) The economic cost of operating with carbon price is optimal

[0181] min CP

[0182] CP=C grid +C GT +C CCHP +CC×p carbon (31)

[0183] Among them, CP represents the carbon-containing operating economic cost of the integrated energy system per unit time interval, C grid Represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; C GT Indicates the cost of gas boiler operation per unit time; C CCHP represents the cost of CCHP operation per unit time; CC represents the overall carbon emissions of the integrated energy system per unit time interval; pcarbon Indicates the price of carbon emissions per unit mass.

[0184] Step 5: Construct a specific implementation case, analyze the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the system under different operation objectives of the park, and propose a low-carbon operation scheduling plan;

[0185] In a specific embodiment, the low-carbon operation power dispatching scheme proposed in the present invention refers to proposing a distribution scheme for the output of power sources such as power grids, natural gas, fans and photovoltaic panels. When the load in the park is known, for example, the park's electrical load, thermal load and cooling load are known, the cost on the energy input side includes the cost of purchasing electricity from the power grid and the cost of using natural gas. First, the park's operation target state is determined. The determined park's operation target state can be one of the optimal economic cost, the optimal carbon emissions, and the optimal economic cost of the operation with carbon-containing prices. When the park's operation target state is determined and the park's load is known, the method of the present invention is used to calculate the usage of each power source, so that when the park's operation target state is determined and the park's load is met, the method of the present invention can obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the system and the optimal dispatching scheme for each power source.

[0186] When the determined park operation target state is the economic cost optimization, the economic cost optimization operation target function is solved. Specifically, formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (25) to formula (29) are combined to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the park system and the power supply scheduling plan when the economic cost AC value per unit time interval is the minimum under the economic cost optimization target operation state of the park comprehensive energy system; combined with formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (25) to formula (29), x can be calculated. 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of is to find the energy input of each device at time t.

[0187] When the determined park operation target state is the optimal carbon emission, the optimal carbon emission operation target function is solved. Specifically, formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (30) are combined to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the park system and the power scheduling plan when the overall carbon emission CC value per unit time interval is the minimum under the optimal carbon emission target operation state of the park comprehensive energy system; combined with formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (30), x 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of is to find the energy input of each device at time t.

[0188] When the determined park operation target state is the optimal operation economic cost of the carbon price, the optimal operation target function of the carbon price operation economic cost is solved. Specifically, formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (31) are combined to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the park system and the power supply scheduling plan when the CP value of the carbon-containing operation economic cost per unit time interval is the minimum under the optimal target operation state of the carbon-containing price operation economic cost of the park comprehensive energy system; combined with formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (31), x 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of is to find the energy input of each device at time t.

[0189] In the present invention, the solution method used for solving the optimal operation objective function of economic cost, the optimal operation objective function of carbon emission, and the optimal operation objective function of the operation economic cost of carbon-containing price is: using a particle swarm model to set the optimization solution process of the present invention.

[0190] The following is an explanation of the algorithm for calculating the objective function using the particle swarm model.

[0191] The particle swarm model in the present invention assumes that in a D-dimensional search space, a population X consisting of n particles is X=(X1, X2, ..., X n ), where the i-th particle is represented by a D-dimensional vector X i =(x i1 , x i2 , ..., x iD ) T , x iD represents the position of the ith particle in the D-dimensional search space, and also represents a potential solution to the problem. The position X of each particle can be calculated based on the objective function. i The corresponding fitness value. The speed of the i-th particle is V i =(V i1 , V i2 , ..., V iD ) T , whose individual extreme value is P i =(P i1 , P i2 , ..., P iD ) T , the population extreme value is P g =(P g1 , P g2 , ..., P gD ) T .

[0192] In each iteration, particles update their own speed and position through individual extrema and group extrema, namely:

[0193]

[0194] Where ω is the inertia weight; d = 1, 2, ..., D; i = 1, 2, ..., n; k is the current iteration number; V u is the velocity of the particle; c1 and c2 are non-negative constants, called acceleration factors; r1 and r2 are random numbers distributed in the interval [0, 1]. To prevent blind search of particles, it is generally recommended to limit their position and velocity to a certain interval [-X max , X max ], [-V max , V max ].

[0195] The present invention uses the particle swarm model to optimize the solution process, which has four steps. Figure 3 :

[0196] Step 1: Initialize the system and generate N particles. The position of each particle represents the power generation (power consumption) / heat generation of the distributed energy at each moment.

[0197] Step 2: According to the working conditions of the particles, calculate the cost, carbon emissions and the absolute difference with the load and establish a fitness function.

[0198] Step 3: By comparing the fitness of different particles, select the particles with high fitness, change the positions of other particles, and recalculate the fitness.

[0199] Step 4: Find the particle with the highest fitness after iteration.

[0200] In this model, X is mainly set as a variable to optimize the objective function, and the randomly generated velocity initialization constraints for each particle are as follows:

[0201]

[0202] Among them, V i，t represents the speed of the i-th device at time t; represents the lower limit of the production capacity of the i-th equipment; Represents the upper limit of the capacity of the i-th device.

[0203] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when solving the objective function by using the particle swarm model, each group of x can be obtained. 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，tThe specific value of is to find the energy input of each device at time t. When solving the objective function through the particle swarm model, multiple groups of x 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of , from multiple groups x 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t Select a set of optimal solutions from the specific values ​​of , when the set park target operation state is the optimal economic cost, the x that makes the economic cost AC value the smallest 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of is the optimal solution.

[0204] When the set park operation target is the state of optimal carbon emissions, the x that minimizes the overall carbon emissions CC value of the integrated energy system per unit time interval is 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of is the optimal solution.

[0205] When the park operation target is set to the operating economic cost of the carbon price, the x that minimizes the carbon operating economic cost CP value of the park's integrated energy system per unit time interval is 1，t 、x 2，t to x 14，t The specific value of is the optimal solution.

[0206] The use of particle swarm model to solve the objective function is a mature algorithm, which will not be elaborated here.

[0207] Specific implementation and verification:

[0208] The calculation method of the present invention mainly performs carbon flow prediction and analysis on the optimized operation of the park integrated energy system. The optimization method and calculation principle are as mentioned above. The applicant has verified it using actual cases based on the above calculation scheme.

[0209] A typical integrated energy system of a park in Hubei Province was selected. The relevant parameters of the operation of each device in the park system are as follows: Figure 4 The electrical / thermal efficiency-power fitting curve of CCHP equipment is as follows: Figure 5 , the energy consumption of various loads per hour on a typical day is as follows Figure 6 The unit weight carbon emission price is 51.25 yuan / t. The natural gas price purchased by this park is uniformly adopted by the Wuhan City Industrial and Commercial Natural Gas Price of 3.294 yuan / Nm 3 .

[0210] As in step 4 above, three objective function operation schemes are set for the system and solved respectively. The typical daily cumulative carbon emissions and operating economic costs of the park under each scheme are: carbon emissions of scheme 1 are 24318kg, and the total cost is 24377 yuan; carbon emissions of scheme 2 are 22562kg, and the total cost is 25459 yuan; carbon emissions of scheme 3 are 24118kg, and the total cost is 24440 yuan.

[0211] In Scheme 1, the energy flow and carbon flow distribution of the park are as follows: Figure 7 , 8 . Considering only the optimal economic cost, the new energy in the entire integrated energy system cannot meet the energy consumption demand of the entire park. For economic cost considerations, it will be more inclined to obtain electricity from the grid. The grid equipment accounts for 58% of the total electricity and natural gas energy input in the entire park. Most of the park's cold and hot loads are provided by heat pumps 1 and 2. In the energy supply of cold and hot, heat pumps 1 and 2 have obvious tendencies. Heat pump 1 is more inclined to supply cold loads. On a typical day, 58% of the cold load is provided by heat pump 1; heat pump 2 is more inclined to supply hot loads. On a typical day, 86% of the hot load is provided by heat pump 2. Gas boilers and energy storage equipment are rarely used in the system. Only 1.7% of the heat load is supplied by gas boilers. The system loss caused by the use of energy storage equipment accounts for only 0.3% of the total energy consumption of the system. In addition, since most of the energy comes from the power supply of the grid, 88% of the carbon emissions in the park come from the input of the grid side.

[0212] In Option 2, the energy flow and carbon flow distribution of the park are as follows: Fig. 9 , 10 . Under the optimal carbon emission conditions, the output of CCHP in the entire energy system has increased significantly, from 28% in Option 1 to 40%, while the proportion of power grid output in the energy system has decreased. The main reason is that the unit energy carbon emission of CCHP is lower than that of the power grid after conversion, and the output of CCHP can reduce the proportion of heat pumps in the park's cold and hot supply, further reducing the increase in power consumption in the park caused by heat pump power consumption. Compared with Option 1, the system reduced carbon emissions by 7.2% while only increasing economic costs by 4.4%.

[0213] In Scheme 3, the energy flow and carbon flow distribution of the park are as follows: Fig.11 , 12 Under the optimal operating cost with carbon price, carbon emissions are only reduced by 1% compared with the optimal operating economy. The main reason is that the carbon emission price in the current market is relatively low, so the carbon emission cost has little impact on the park's carbon emission reduction. 87% of the park's carbon emissions still come from energy input from the grid.

[0214] This embodiment constructs different objective functions to analyze the key factors affecting the energy efficiency of the system, and proposes the optimal operation strategy under the supporting project: optimal economy, optimal carbon emissions and comprehensive optimal operation cost of carbon-containing price. The operation of the park's comprehensive energy system and the energy flow-carbon flow distribution are compared. Through analysis, it can be seen that due to the differences in energy and carbon content of each input device in the comprehensive energy system, there are great differences in system energy consumption and carbon flow distribution under different optimization objectives, which proves that the park's comprehensive energy system has great optimization scheduling potential. The carbon flow calculation and analysis method constructed by the present invention can effectively provide an optimization basis for different operation modes of the park.

[0215] Finally, it should be noted that the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A park energy flow-carbon flow analysis and calculation method based on the optimized operation of the integrated energy system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Establish a comprehensive energy system for the park, clarify the various types of equipment included in the system and the output characteristic models of various types of equipment; S2: Study the operation-carbon emission model of various equipment in the park's integrated energy system and establish the carbon flow relationship of the park system; S3: Based on the output characteristics of various equipment determined in step S1 and the operation-carbon emission models of various equipment determined in step S2, determine the overall operation constraint solution conditions of the system and the constraint solution conditions of each equipment; S4: Based on the overall system operation constraints determined in step S3 and the constraints of each device, three different operation objective functions are established for the system: optimal economic cost, optimal carbon emissions, and optimal economic cost of carbon-containing prices; S5: According to the selected target operating state, combined with the overall system operating constraint solution conditions and each equipment solution constraint conditions in step S3, the economic cost optimal operating objective function, or the carbon emission optimal operating objective function, or the carbon price optimal operating economic cost operating objective function in step S4 is solved to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the system under different target operating states of the park and the power scheduling plan; The operation-carbon emission model of various equipment in the integrated energy system in step S2 is: The main sources of external input to the park's integrated energy system are purchased grid electricity and natural gas. The carbon flow model on the input side is: Among them, CP e and CP gas They represent the carbon emissions from grid electricity and natural gas input to the system per unit time of system operation, respectively. 5,t Represents the power output of the power grid to the energy system; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment, ψ grid Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by purchasing each kilowatt-hour of electricity from the grid; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; The carbon flow model of gas turbine CCHP is: Among them, CP CCHP It represents the carbon emission per unit time of the gas turbine. They represent the carbon emission factors corresponding to the electricity generation, cooling and heating of CCHP units respectively; represents the carbon emissions caused by equipment operation loss of CCHP units; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; x 1,t Indicates the power generated by the CCHP unit; x 2,t Indicates the cooling power of CCHP unit; x 3,t Indicates the heating power of CCHP unit; The carbon flow model of gas boiler is: Among them, CP GT represents the carbon emissions per unit time of gas turbine operation; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; represents the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; x 4,t Indicates the heating power of the gas boiler; Indicates the carbon emission factor corresponding to gas boiler heating, Indicates the carbon emissions caused by gas boilers due to equipment operation losses; The total carbon flow model of the energy storage device is: Among them, CP ESS represents the total carbon emissions of the energy storage device, Indicates the amount of carbon stored or released during the energy storage charging / discharging process, Represents the carbon emissions caused by operating losses of energy storage.

2. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The output characteristic models of various types of equipment in step S1 are as follows: Photovoltaic power generation equipment power output model: x 13,t =η PV S PV θ t (2) Among them, x 13,t is the output power of the photovoltaic power generation equipment at time t, η PV is the electricity conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the system; S PV is the area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the system; θ t It represents the average vertical solar radiation intensity of the region at time t; Power output model of wind power generation equipment: Among them, x 14,t represents the output power of the wind power generation equipment at time t, v represents the ambient wind speed when the wind turbine is running; V in Indicates the minimum wind speed at which the wind turbine starts generating electricity. When v is less than V in If it cannot generate electricity, the power of the wind power generation equipment is 0; V out Indicates the maximum wind speed of the fan; C p represents the wind power conversion efficiency of the wind turbine; ρ represents the air density; A w Represents the normal area of ​​the fan blade in the direction of wind speed; V rated Indicates the critical wind speed of the fan at rated power; Indicates the rated power of the fan; Gas turbine CCHP power generation model: in, It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; They represent the electrical, thermal and cooling efficiencies of CCHP under different operating conditions; They represent the gas power required by CCHP to generate electricity, heat and cold energy, respectively. Indicates the rated output power of a certain energy source of CCHP; x 1 / 2 / 3,t They represent the output power of electricity, cold energy and heat energy of CCHP at time t respectively; a0, a1, a2 and a3 are all constants of CCHP efficiency-power curve fitted by polynomial, and the fitting correlation coefficient R≥0.95; Gas boiler equipment power-efficiency curve output model: in, Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; Indicates the thermal efficiency of the gas boiler; represents the output power of the gas boiler at time t; x 4,t Indicates the output power of the gas boiler equipment at time t; Indicates the rated output power of the gas boiler; b0, b1, b2, and b3 are all constants of the efficiency-power curve of the gas boiler fitted by polynomials; The constraints of the maximum power output model of power grid equipment are: Among them, x 5，t Indicates the power output of the power grid to the energy system, Indicates the maximum output power quota of the power supply station to the energy system; when x 5,t When <0, it means that the energy system transmits electricity to the grid, that is, sells electricity; The output model of energy storage equipment storing energy at time t is: in, represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t; represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t+1; θ ESS Indicates the self-discharge rate of the energy storage device; Indicates the charge and discharge state of the energy storage device at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-charging, 0-discharging; Represents the output power of the energy storage device at time t; Indicates the charging efficiency of the energy storage device; Indicates the discharge efficiency of the energy storage device; The power output model required for heating / cooling of heat pump equipment is: in, Indicates the electrical energy required for the heat pump to provide heating / cooling; Indicates the working state of the heat pump at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-cooling, 0-heating; Indicates the heat-to-electricity ratio / cooling-to-electricity ratio when the heat pump is working; x 7,t represents the cooling output power of the heat pump equipment at time t; x 8,t Represents the heating output power of the heat pump equipment at time t.

3. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The overall power constraint of the system in step S3 is: The overall power constraint of the system is shown in formula (19). The three formulas from top to bottom included in formula (19) represent the system electrical balance formula, thermal balance formula, and cold balance formula respectively; Among them, Load t,e represents the power demand of the entire park at time t; x 6,t Represents the output power of the energy storage device at time t; Indicates the charging efficiency of the energy storage device; Indicates the charge and discharge state of the energy storage device at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-charging, 0-discharging; represents the electrical energy consumed by all heat pumps at time t; x 1,t Indicates the power generated by the CCHP unit; x 5,t Indicates the power output of the power grid to the energy system; Represents the discharge efficiency of the energy storage device; x 13,t represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation equipment at time t; x 14,t Represents the output power of the wind power generation equipment at time t; Load t,h represents the heat energy demand of the entire park at time t; x 11,t represents the power of the heat storage device at time t; Indicates the charging efficiency of the thermal storage device; represents the heat storage and release state of the heat storage device at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-heat storage, 0-heat release; x 3,t Indicates the heating power of CCHP unit; represents the heat energy generated by all heat pumps at time t; x 4,t Indicates the heating power of the gas boiler; Indicates the discharge efficiency of the heat storage device; Load t,c represents the cooling energy demand of the entire park at time t; x 12,t represents the power of the cold storage equipment at time t; Indicates the charging efficiency of the cold storage equipment; represents the storage and release status of the cold storage equipment at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 1-storage, 0-release; x 2,t Indicates the cooling power of CCHP unit; represents the cooling energy generated by all heat pumps at time t; Indicates the discharge efficiency of the cold storage equipment.

4. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constraints to be solved by each device in step S3 are: The constraints of the photovoltaic power generation system are: Among them, x 13,t Represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation equipment at time t; Indicates the maximum power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system; The operating constraints of CCHP units are: Among them, in order to ensure the economy of CCHP energy output, the minimum output power of CCHP is constrained; Indicates the minimum output power of CCHP; Indicates the output power rating of CCHP; It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; The operating constraints of gas boilers are: Indicates the minimum output power of the gas boiler; Indicates the output power rating of the gas boiler; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; The energy storage equipment constraints are: in, Indicates the maximum capacity of the energy storage device; is the rated discharge power of the energy storage device; is the rated charging power of the energy storage device; represents the energy stored in the energy storage device at time t; x 6,t Represents the output power of the energy storage device at time t; The heat pump operation constraints are: in, Indicates the rated cooling power of the heat pump; Indicates the rated heating power of the heat pump; x 7,t represents the cooling power of the heat pump at time t; x 8,t Represents the heating power of the heat pump at time t.

5. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The economic cost optimization in step S4 means adjusting the power dispatching plan to minimize the AC value of all economic costs in the unit time interval of the integrated energy system while meeting the load of the park. The economic cost optimization operation objective function is: AC=C grid +C GT +C CCHP (25) sp grid =0.8×p gird (29) Where AC represents all economic costs of the integrated energy system within a unit time interval; C grid Represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; C GT Indicates the cost of gas boiler operation per unit time; C CCHP represents the cost of CCHP operation per unit time; p gas Indicates the price of natural gas per unit volume; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; It represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; When calculating the energy costs generated by grid equipment, this model uses the regional time-of-use electricity price standard for charging; among them, C grid represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; p grid Indicates the price of buying electricity; x 5,t Indicates the power output of the power grid to the energy system; Indicates the state of the power grid at time t, which is a [0-1] variable, 0-sell electricity, 1-buy electricity; sp grid The price of selling electricity.

6. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimal carbon emission in step S4 means adjusting the power dispatching plan to minimize the overall carbon emission CC value of the integrated energy system within a unit time interval while meeting the load of the park. The optimal carbon emission operation objective function is: Where CC represents the overall carbon emissions of the integrated energy system per unit time interval; ψ gas Indicates the carbon emission factor generated by each kilowatt of natural gas used by gas boilers or gas turbine equipment; μ gas It indicates the volume of natural gas required to produce each kilowatt of heat; Indicates the natural gas heating power required by the gas boiler equipment at time t; represents the gas heating power required by CCHP at time t; ψ grid Represents the carbon emission factor generated by purchasing each kilowatt-hour of electricity from the grid; x 5,t Indicates the power output of the power grid to the energy system.

7. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimal operation economic cost of the carbon price in step S4 means adjusting the power dispatching plan to minimize the carbon operation economic cost CP value within a unit time interval of the integrated energy system while meeting the load of the park. The optimal operation objective function of the carbon price operation economic cost is: CP=C grid +C GT +C CCHP +CC×p carbon (31) Among them, CP represents the carbon-containing operating economic cost of the integrated energy system per unit time interval, C grid Represents the total cost of electricity interaction between the energy system and the power grid; C GT Indicates the cost of gas boiler operation per unit time; C CCHP represents the cost of CCHP operation per unit time; CC represents the overall carbon emissions of the integrated energy system per unit time interval; p carbon Represents the price of carbon emissions per unit mass.

8. The method for analyzing and calculating the energy flow and carbon flow of a park based on the optimized operation of an integrated energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solution of the economic cost optimal operation objective function in step S5 refers to combining formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (25) to formula (29) to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the park system and the power supply scheduling plan when the economic cost AC value per unit time interval is the minimum under the economic cost optimal target operation state of the park comprehensive energy system; Solving the optimal carbon emission operation objective function in step S5 refers to combining formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (30) to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each device in the park system and the power scheduling plan when the overall carbon emission CC value per unit time interval is minimized under the optimal carbon emission target operation state of the park comprehensive energy system; The solution to the optimal operating objective function of the operating economic cost of the carbon-containing price in step S5 refers to combining formula (19), formula (20) to formula (24), and formula (31) to obtain the energy and carbon distribution of each equipment in the park system and the power scheduling plan when the CP value of the carbon-containing operating economic cost per unit time interval is the minimum under the optimal target operating state of the operating economic cost of the carbon-containing price of the park's comprehensive energy system.

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