Waste plastic sorting device and sorting process

Abstract

The present invention provides a waste plastic sorting device and a sorting process, including a machine body, characterized in that: a water inlet and outlet mechanism is provided at the lower end of the machine body; a partition is provided inside the machine body, so that the internal space of the machine body is divided into a first sorting area and a second sorting area above and below, and a cut-off component is provided in the middle of the partition, so that when the cut-off component is opened and closed, the waste plastic and water flow in the first and second sorting areas is controlled; filter screens are respectively inserted on both sides of the machine body, and the filter screens are slidably connected to the machine body, so that when the two filter screens slide, they can be placed inside the machine body until they collide with each other or separate until they no longer block the sorting area. The waste plastic sorting device, by providing a partition and a filter screen, divides the internal space of the machine body into three sorting areas, and by providing a movable ring that can rise to the outside of the machine body, and by using a water level line and a convex part, four types of takeaway waste plastics are separated up and down, and sorting can be completed in a step-by-step separation process without stopping the machine, and the sorting efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste plastic recycling, in particular to a waste plastic sorting device and a sorting process. Background Art

[0002] The takeaway industry is growing day by day. In the recycling of waste plastics, the amount of takeaway garbage accounts for a large proportion. Therefore, the treatment of takeaway garbage has also become an issue that cannot be ignored. The waste plastics generated by takeaway mainly include lunch boxes, beverage bottles and packaging bags. The production materials of the three are different. Waste plastics of different materials have different melting points and melt viscosities. If they are mixed and granulated after recycling, the thick products produced are prone to water marks, peeling and other phenomena. In addition, the direct mixing and recycling of lunch boxes and beverage bottles with talcum powder will cause the PET material of the beverage bottles to be contaminated by talcum powder. Therefore, when recycling lunch boxes, beverage bottles and packaging bags, the three need to be separated. In the existing technology, most of them use manual separation, which has high sorting intensity and low efficiency. A few use sorting devices, but in the separation process, it is impossible to pick out the separated waste plastics without stopping the machine. It is necessary to stop the machine and process them step by step. No flow-type operation is formed. It is not convenient to take and put after separation. Therefore, there is still room for further improvement in sorting efficiency. Therefore, a waste plastic sorting device and a sorting process are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a waste plastic sorting device and a sorting process, which have the advantages of convenient and fast sorting.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a waste plastic sorting device, comprising a body, wherein a water inlet and outlet mechanism is provided at the lower end of the body;

[0005] The body is provided with a partition layer inside, so that the internal space of the body is divided into a first sorting area and a second sorting area in the upper and lower parts. A cut-off component is provided in the middle of the partition layer, so that when the cut-off component is opened and closed, the flow of waste plastics and water in the first and second sorting areas is controlled;

[0006] Filters are respectively inserted into the two sides of the machine body, and the filter is slidably connected to the machine body, so that when the two filters slide, they can be placed inside the machine body until they collide with each other or move away until they no longer block the sorting area;

[0007] It also includes a movable ring, a plurality of convex parts are arranged on the inner side of the movable ring, and the movable ring is lifted and lowered in the machine body.

[0008] Furthermore, a slide rail is provided on the inner wall of the machine body, and the movable ring moves via the slide rail so that it can rise until a portion of the machine body is exposed.

[0009] Furthermore, a snap-fit ​​structure is provided on one side of the filter screen facing each other, so that a snap-fit ​​fit is formed when the two touch each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the partition is arranged to be inclined from top to bottom from the edge to the middle.

[0011] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the outside of the machine body.

[0012] Furthermore, a door is movably provided on the outer wall of the machine body, so that when the door is opened, the second sorting area is connected with the external space.

[0013] The present invention also provides a waste plastic sorting process, comprising the waste plastic sorting device, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1. Preliminary screening: The waste plastics are preliminarily screened before entering the sorting device to remove large impurities and non-plastic materials;

[0015] Step 2. Washing and drying: The waste plastic is washed with water to remove surface dirt and attachments, and then dried to remove moisture.

[0016] Step 3. Bag removal: Put the waste plastic into the machine body, rotate the machine body so that the plastic bag is thrown to the convex part under the action of centrifugal force, and the convex part hooks the plastic bag and then raises the movable ring so that the upper part of the movable ring is exposed from the machine body. The cleaning staff takes out the hooked plastic bag and completes the sorting of the plastic bags;

[0017] Step 4. Water inlet: Water is transported into the machine body through the water inlet and outlet mechanism. The interception component remains closed until the second sorting area is full of water. The interception component opens, and the upper and lower sorting areas are connected. The water flow continues to rise until it reaches the preset water level of the machine body above the filter.

[0018] Step 5. Stand still: Wait for the preset time or observe that the talcum powder lunch box sinks to the second sorting area, close the interception component, and continue to wait. The beverage bottle will slowly sink to the compartment, while the lunch box without talcum powder will float on the water surface;

[0019] Step 6. Insert the filter: Insert the filter into the machine body until it touches the water level. After the filter is combined, the talcum powder-free lunch box floating on the water surface falls on top of it.

[0020] Step 7. Drain water once: The water level of the machine body drops below the filter. At this time, the user reaches into the machine body to take out the talc-free powder lunch box above the filter.

[0021] Step 8. Secondary water discharge: Continue to discharge water until the water in the machine is exhausted and the beverage bottle falls above the compartment, and the user takes out the beverage bottle;

[0022] Step 9. Remove the box: Open the box door and take out the talcum powder lunch box placed in the second sorting area from the outside; complete the separation of takeaway plastics.

[0023] Further, in step 7, the shut-off assembly is slightly opened, so that water flows and the beverage bottle cannot sink.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The waste plastic sorting device divides the internal space of the machine body into three sorting areas by arranging partitions and filters. By arranging a movable ring that can rise to the outside of the machine body and using a water level line and a convex part, four types of takeaway waste plastics are separated up and down, so that the separation effect is good, there is no need for human intervention in the separation and selection process again, and the sorting can be completed in the step-by-step separation process without stopping the machine, and the sorting efficiency is high.

[0026] 2. The waste plastic sorting process uses the above-mentioned sorting device, which reduces the number of sorting steps, does not require manual intervention in the sorting process, has high sorting efficiency and is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (top view);

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (looking up);

[0030] Figure 4 This is an external structural diagram of the filter screen of the present invention when inserted;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter screen of the present invention when it is inserted;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a reference diagram of the first use state of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a reference diagram of the second use state of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a reference diagram of the third use state of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 This is a reference diagram of the fourth use state of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 This is a reference diagram for the fifth use state of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 This is a reference diagram of the sixth use state of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 This is a reference diagram of the seventh use state of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.14 This is a reference diagram of the eighth usage state of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. body; 11. slide rail; 12. door; 13. water inlet and outlet mechanism; 2. movable ring; 21. convex part; 3. partition; 31. interception component; 4. filter; 5. motor; 6. lunch box; 61. non-talcum powder lunch box; 62. talcum powder lunch box; 7. plastic bag; 8. beverage bottle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Some take-out boxes are made directly from PP granules, while others are made from PP modified materials, most of which contain 10% organic additives and 10% fillers, with talcum powder being the filler. Plastic bottles are generally made directly from PP or PET without adding talcum powder.

[0044] A waste plastic sorting device in the present application includes a body 1, see Figure 4-6 The upper part of the machine body 1 is opened to form a material input port, and a water inlet and outlet mechanism 13 is provided at the lower end of the machine body 1;

[0045] See also Figure 2 and 6 A partition 3 is provided inside the machine body 1, so that the internal space of the machine body 1 is divided into a first sorting area and a second sorting area in the upper and lower parts. A cut-off component 31 is provided in the middle of the partition 3, so that when the cut-off component 31 is opened and closed, the flow of waste plastics and water in the first and second sorting areas is controlled;

[0046] See also Figure 1 and 3 -5, filter screens 4 are respectively inserted on both sides of the machine body 1, and the filter screens 4 are slidably connected to the machine body 1, so that when the two filter screens 4 slide, they can be placed inside the machine body 1 until they collide with each other or move away until they no longer block the sorting area;

[0047] The movable ring 2 also includes a movable ring 2 , a plurality of protrusions 21 are arranged on the inner side of the movable ring 2 , and the movable ring 2 is arranged to be lifted in the machine body 1 .

[0048] Generally, the average density of PP particles is about 0.995, which is close to the density of water, while the density of talcum powder is generally between 2.6 and 2.8 g / cm 3The density of additives including zinc stearate, coupling agent NDZ, auxiliary antioxidant DLTP, etc. is also approximately equal to the density of water;

[0049] The amount of PP used is 70%-80%, the amount of filler added is about 10%, and the amount of additive added is also about 10%. Therefore, the density of the PP copolymer is approximately 1*0.9+2.7*0.1≈1.17, that is, the density of the talcum powder lunch box 62 is greater than the density of water. Therefore, after the lunch box 6 enters the water, the talcum powder lunch box 62 will sink to the bottom, while the non-talcum powder lunch box 61 floats on the water surface. Since the bottle mouth of the beverage bottle 8 is narrow, whether the bottle mouth is facing up or down, the water entry speed is slow, so the sinking speed is much lower than that of the lunch box 6. After the lunch box 6 sinks to the bottom, the beverage bottle 8 gradually sinks to the middle;

[0050] The device is provided with a convex portion 21 on the movable ring 2, so that the convex portion 21 can easily hook the plastic bag 7 when it contacts the plastic bag 7. The convex portion 21 can be a spinous process structure or any structure that can be easily hooked with the plastic bag 7, such as a ratchet claw, a hook, etc., and the hooked plastic bag 7 is separated upward from the waste plastic pile by raising the movable ring 2. It is worth mentioning that in order to make the plastic bag 7 and the convex portion 21 produce relative movement for easy hooking, the body 1 or the interlayer 3 can be rotated according to different actual models to generate centrifugal force, so that the plastic bag 7 is spread to the surroundings, for example, by A motor 5 is arranged at the end to drive the body 1 to rotate. After separating the plastic bags 7, the device supplies water to the inside of the body 1 through the water inlet and outlet mechanism 13 until the water level rises to the lower end surface of the partition 3. The interception component 31 remains closed to prevent the waste plastics from falling into the second sorting area without classification. After the water level reaches a predetermined height, the interception component 31 is opened. At this time, due to the water surface, various types of waste plastics cannot fall into the second sorting area in a short time. The device presets a water level line on the side wall of the body 1 slightly higher than the filter 4. After the water level reaches the water level line, the water supply is stopped. At this time, the talc The powder lunch box 62 sinks to the bottom, while the beverage bottle 8 floats on the water surface or sinks to the middle because its sinking speed is much lower than that of the lunch box 6. At this time, the interception component 31 is closed (the interception component 31 is a prior art, and a partition plate with a changeable aperture or a valve with a changeable aperture can be used, which will not be described in detail here), so that the two sorting areas are no longer connected to prevent the beverage bottle 8 from sinking to the bottom, and the filter screens 4 on both sides are inserted into the body 1 to block the first sorting area, and then water is released through the water inlet and outlet mechanism 13. The interception component 31 maintains the aperture that can flow water but cannot pass through the waste plastic (the filter screen 4 The water level drops, and the non-talcum powder lunch box 61 floating on the water surface falls onto the filter screen 4 along with the water level, completing the separation of the non-talcum powder lunch box 61, and then it can be easily sorted out of the body 1, and then the two filter screens 4 are pulled out, and the water is continuously released. Due to the effect of the interlayer 3 and the intercepting component 31, the beverage bottle 8 falls onto the interlayer 3 along with the drop of the water level, and will not fall into the second sorting area. At this time, the classification of the beverage bottles 8 is completed, and the sorting is easy. Finally, the talcum powder lunch box 62 located in the second sorting area is taken out, and the entire classification and sorting process is completed.

[0051] Furthermore, a slide rail 11 is provided on the inner wall of the body 1 , and the movable ring 2 moves via the slide rail 11 , so that it can rise until a portion of the body 1 is exposed.

[0052] The device limits the lifting range of the movable ring 2 by setting a slide rail 11. The lifting component for adjusting the movable ring 2 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. Due to the above design, after the protrusion 21 hooks the plastic bag 7, the user needs to take out the plastic bag 7 by hand. In order to facilitate the user to take out the material, the movable ring 2 can be partially exposed from the body 1, which reduces the depth that the user's hand needs to be inserted, making it easier for the user to perform bag removal operations.

[0053] Furthermore, a snap-fit ​​structure is provided on one side of the filter screen 4 facing each other, so that a snap-fit ​​fit is formed when the two touch each other.

[0054] The device is provided with a snap-fit ​​structure so that the filters 4 are fixed to each other when in contact, thereby increasing the stability of the filters 4 after insertion. The snap-fit ​​structure is a conventional design and can adopt a buckle or a concave-convex bite structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0055] Furthermore, the partition layer 3 is arranged to be inclined from top to bottom from the edge to the middle.

[0056] The device is designed to tilt the partition 3 so that the materials can easily sink to the second sorting area under the influence of gravity, thereby avoiding material residue.

[0057] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the outer side of the body 1 .

[0058] When the device is waiting for the talcum powder lunch box 62 to sink to the second sorting area, the device can obtain the sinking time range through experience summary, so as to automatically close the interception component 31 according to the preset time, or the device can set an observation window to observe the talcum powder lunch box 62 sinking to the second sorting area and then close the interception component 31. In this way, the operation is more accurate and the situation where the talcum powder lunch box 62 has not sunk to the bottom or the beverage bottle 8 has sunk to the bottom will not occur.

[0059] Furthermore, a door 12 is movably provided on the outer wall of the machine body 1, so that when the door 12 is opened, the second sorting area is connected with the external space.

[0060] The device is provided with a box door 12, and when the talcum powder lunch box 62 needs to be sorted and taken out, the box door 12 is opened and taken out directly, so that the materials are conveniently taken out.

[0061] The present invention also provides a waste plastic sorting process, using the waste plastic sorting device, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1. Preliminary screening: The waste plastics are preliminarily screened before entering the sorting device to remove large impurities and non-plastic materials;

[0063] Step 2. Washing and drying: The waste plastic is washed with water to remove surface dirt and attachments, and then dried to remove moisture.

[0064] Step 3. Remove the bag: Please refer to Figure 7 , put the waste plastic into the machine body 1, rotate the machine body 1 so that the plastic bag 7 is thrown to the convex part 21 under the action of centrifugal force, and the convex part 21 hooks the plastic bag 7 and then raises the movable ring 2, so that the upper part of the movable ring 2 is exposed from the machine body 1, and the cleaning staff takes out the hooked plastic bag 7, and the sorting of the plastic bag 7 is completed;

[0065] Step 4. Enter the water: See Figure 8-9, water begins to be transported into the body 1 through the water inlet and outlet mechanism 13, and the interception component 31 remains closed until the second sorting area is full of water, and the interception component 31 opens. At this time, the upper and lower sorting areas are connected, and the water flow continues to rise until it reaches the preset water level of the body 1 above the filter 4;

[0066] Step 5. Let stand: See Fig.10 , wait for a preset time or observe that the talcum powder lunch box 62 sinks to the second sorting area, close the interception component 31, continue to wait, the beverage bottle 8 will slowly sink to the compartment 3, and the lunch box 62 without talcum powder will float on the water surface;

[0067] Step 6. Refer to Fig.11 , insert the filter 4: insert the filter 4 into the body 1 until it touches. Since the filter 4 is below the water level, after the filter 4 is combined, the talcum powder-free lunch box 62 floating on the water surface falls on top of it;

[0068] Step 7. Drain water once: Please refer to Fig.12 , the machine body 1 is drained, and the water level drops to below the filter 4. At this time, the user reaches into the machine body 1 to take out the talc-free lunch box 62 above the filter 4;

[0069] Step 8. Secondary drain: Please refer to Figure 13-14 At this time, the water continues to be released until the water flow in the body 1 is exhausted, the beverage bottle 8 falls above the partition 3, and the user takes out the beverage bottle 8;

[0070] Step 9. Remove the box: Please refer to Figure 3 and Fig.14 , open the box door 12 and take out the talcum powder-containing lunch box 62 placed in the second sorting area from the outside; complete the separation of takeaway plastics.

[0071] By using the above-mentioned sorting device, after the convex part 21 hooks the plastic bag 7, there is no need to stop the machine to disassemble the movable ring 2, but to raise the movable ring 2 and directly remove the plastic bag 7. At this time, the sorting area below can still operate to separate various types of waste plastics, so that the classification efficiency and sorting efficiency are high. By setting the partition 3, the movable ring 2 that can be raised and the filter screen 4 that can touch each other, adjusting the water level line and the interception component 31, separating the sorting areas at various levels, and separating various types of waste plastics into corresponding sorting areas, there is no need for subsequent manual subdivision, the classification effect is good, the sorting efficiency is high, and the operation is convenient.

[0072] Furthermore, in step 7, the interception component 31 is slightly opened, so that the water flows and the beverage bottle 8 cannot sink.

[0073] In order to prevent the interception component 31 from opening when draining water, and the water flow and the beverage bottle 8 from falling from the top of the partition 3 to the second sorting area, causing the beverage bottle 8 and the talcum powder lunch box 62 to be mixed, the process slightly opens the interception component 31, so that the aperture of the interception component 31 is much smaller than the beverage bottle 8, so that the interception component 31 can pass the water flow to lower the water level, which is convenient for drainage and sorting of materials at various levels, and can avoid mixing of separated waste plastics, causing inconvenience in use.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste plastic sorting process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Preliminary screening: The waste plastics are preliminarily screened before entering the sorting device to remove large impurities and non-plastic materials; Step 2. Washing and drying: Wash the waste plastic with water to remove surface dirt and attachments, and then dry it to remove moisture; Step 3. Bag removal: The sorting device comprises a body (1), the lower end of which is provided with a water inlet and outlet mechanism (13); a partition (3) is provided inside the body (1), so that the internal space of the body (1) is divided into a first sorting area and a second sorting area in the upper and lower parts; a shutoff component (31) is provided in the middle of the partition (3), so that when the shutoff component (31) is opened or closed, the flow of waste plastics and water in the first and second sorting areas is controlled; Filter screens (4) are respectively inserted on both sides of the machine body (1), and the filter screens (4) are slidably connected to the machine body (1), so that when the two filter screens (4) slide, they can be placed inside the machine body (1) until they collide with each other or move away until they no longer block the sorting area; It also comprises a movable ring (2), the inner side of which is provided with a plurality of protrusions (21), and the movable ring (2) is arranged in a lifting manner in the body (1), the inner wall of the body (1) is provided with a slide rail (11), the movable ring (2) moves via the slide rail (11), so that it can rise until a part of the body (1) is exposed, and a snap-fit ​​structure is provided on the opposite side of the filter screen (4), so that the two form a snap-fitting fit when they touch each other; Waste plastics are put into the machine body (1), and the machine body (1) is rotated so that the plastic bag (7) is thrown to the convex part (21) under the action of centrifugal force. The convex part (21) hooks the plastic bag (7) and then raises the movable ring (2), so that the upper part of the movable ring (2) is exposed from the machine body (1). The cleaning staff takes out the hooked plastic bag (7), and the sorting of the plastic bag (7) is completed; Step 4. Water inlet: water is supplied to the machine body (1) through the water inlet and outlet mechanism (13), and the interception component (31) remains closed until the second sorting area is full of water. The interception component (31) is opened, and the upper and lower sorting areas are connected. The water flow continues to rise until it reaches the preset water level of the machine body (1) above the filter screen (4); Step 5. Stand still: Wait for a preset time or observe that the talcum powder lunch box (62) sinks to the second sorting area, close the interception component (31), and continue to wait. The beverage bottle (8) will slowly sink to the compartment (3), while the non-talcum powder lunch box (61) floats above the water surface; Step 6. Insert the filter (4): insert the filter (4) into the machine body (1) until it touches the filter. Since the filter (4) is below the water level, after the filter (4) is combined, the non-talcum powder lunch box (61) floating on the water surface is located above it; Step 7. Draining water once: draining water from the machine body (1), until the water level drops below the filter (4), and the user reaches into the machine body (1) to take out the non-talcum powder lunch box (61) above the filter (4); Step 8. Secondary water discharge: water is continuously discharged until the water in the machine body (1) is exhausted, the beverage bottle (8) falls onto the upper portion of the partition (3), and the user takes out the beverage bottle (8); Step 9. Removing the boxes: Open the box door (12) and take out the talcum powder lunch box (62) placed in the second sorting area from the outside to complete the separation of takeaway plastics.

2. A waste plastic sorting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, the interception assembly (31) is slightly opened, so that water can flow and the beverage bottle (8) cannot sink.

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