An underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage and a working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an underground artificial cavern heat storage system and working method for compressed air energy storage, which includes two parts, above ground and underground. The above ground part mainly includes a multi-stage compressor, a multi-stage turbine, an air filter, an electric motor and an engine, etc., and the underground part includes a high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger, a low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a low-temperature heat storage tank, an artificial cavern gas storage chamber and a valve, etc. The use of high-temperature and high-pressure hot water can not only greatly reduce the investment in the heat storage system, but also maintain a high efficiency of the compressed air energy storage power station. High-temperature hot water is used for heat storage. In order to ensure that the high-temperature hot water is in a liquid state, the present invention uses the strength of the underground surrounding rock to make full use of the strength of the underground surrounding rock, so that the compressive capacity of the storage tank is significantly improved, thereby significantly increasing the temperature of the heat storage medium and increasing the heat storage capacity. At the same time, the heat storage is placed underground, which improves the safety of the heat storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of compressed air energy storage power stations, and in particular relates to an underground artificial chamber heat storage system and a working method for compressed air energy storage. Background Art

[0002] At present, conventional heat storage tanks are built on the ground. There are many problems with ground heat storage tanks, such as cost, safety, convenience, and the pressure value that the tank can withstand. At present, the main heat storage media in the tank are thermal oil, molten salt and water. Among them, thermal oil can adapt to a wide temperature range, but it is expensive, easy to pollute the environment and has aging problems; molten salt is also suitable for high-temperature energy storage, but it also has the problem of high cost and temperature limit, and molten salt will solidify at low temperatures. Therefore, the current heat storage system has poor heat storage capacity, high investment in heat storage system, low-temperature hot water heat storage leads to low efficiency of compressed air energy storage power station, and high-pressure, high-temperature hot water heat storage system has difficulty maintaining pressure. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an underground artificial chamber heat storage system and a working method for compressed gas energy storage, which are used to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] An underground artificial cavern heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage comprises a ground part and an underground part, wherein the ground part comprises: a multi-stage compressor, a multi-stage turbine, an electric motor and an engine, and the underground part comprises a cold storage tank, a heat storage tank, a heat exchanger and an artificial cavern air storage chamber, wherein the multi-stage compressor is connected to the cold storage tank and / or the heat storage tank via a heat exchanger, the multi-stage turbine is connected to the artificial cavern air storage chamber and the cold storage tank and / or the heat storage tank, the electric motor is used to connect an air inlet and the multi-stage compressor, and the engine is used to connect a heat exchanger and an air outlet.

[0005] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein the artificial cavern air storage chamber comprises a high-pressure air layer and a sealing layer which are arranged concentrically with the sphere, and the sealing layer is arranged outside the high-pressure air layer.

[0006] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank are connected in parallel to form a group, at least two groups of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are arranged underground, and each group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks is connected to a heat exchanger through a water circulation system.

[0007] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein the heat exchangers include at least four.

[0008] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein both ends of each group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are connected to a heat exchanger via a water circulation system.

[0009] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein each of the heat exchangers includes a heat exchange pipe, and a high-pressure air layer, a sealing layer and a rock layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside for encapsulating the heat exchange pipe.

[0010] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein the medium in the heat exchanger is high-pressure liquid water.

[0011] The present invention also provides a working method of an underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage, the working method is implemented using the heat storage system, and includes a gas storage stage during low-peak electricity consumption and a stage during peak electricity consumption.

[0012] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein the gas storage stage during the low-peak electricity consumption period specifically includes:

[0013] S11. The air inlet collects air from the atmosphere and filters it;

[0014] S12. The filtered air is driven by a motor and then compressed by a first-stage compressor of a multi-stage compressor;

[0015] S13. The compressed air enters the first heat exchanger at one end of one group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks for heat exchange and then enters the secondary compressor of the multi-stage compressor for multi-stage compression processing.

[0016] S14. The air after multi-stage compression treatment enters the second heat exchanger for heat exchange and then enters the artificial cavern air storage chamber through a one-way pipe to store compressed air during periods of low electricity consumption.

[0017] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein the peak power consumption stage specifically includes: S21. The compressed gas flowing out of the gas storage chamber of the artificial cavern enters the first-stage turbine of the multi-stage turbine through its outlet pipe and starts turbine expansion processing;

[0018] S22. The gas after the expansion treatment enters into another group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks at one end of the heat exchanger for heat exchange and then enters into the second stage turbine of the multi-stage turbine for expansion treatment;

[0019] S23. The expanded gas enters a heat exchanger at one end of a group of cold storage tanks and a heat storage tank and is discharged after heat exchange;

[0020] S24. The exhaust gas drives the generator to generate electricity, and the excess air after work is discharged into the atmosphere through the air outlet.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention replaces the conventional ground heat storage tank with an underground high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank, fully utilizing the strength of the underground surrounding rock, so that the pressure of the storage tank is significantly increased, thereby significantly increasing the temperature of the heat storage medium, increasing the heat storage capacity, and placing the heat storage underground, thereby improving the safety of the heat storage system.

[0023] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) It can significantly increase the operating pressure of the storage tank. Since the strength of the rock itself is fully utilized to support the pressure of the storage tank heat exchanger, it is very easy to increase the hot water pressure to 10MPa or above, which greatly improves the heat storage capacity.

[0025] (2) It can effectively reduce costs. Cost reduction is reflected in two aspects. First, the cost of high-temperature and high-pressure hot water is lower than that of low-temperature molten salt and thermal oil, saving the cost of heat storage medium. Second, since the side wall of the storage tank only plays the role of transmitting force and is not subjected to force itself, it can greatly save the cost of the storage tank.

[0026] (3) The construction is convenient and fast. The construction of the pressure storage tank can be carried out at the same time as the construction of the underground gas storage. Both use the same traffic tunnels and shafts, and the construction process is convenient and fast.

[0027] (4) Safety can be greatly improved. The high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage system is placed underground, which enables the covert disposal of hazardous sources and reduces the probability of accidents in the factory.

[0028] (5) Improved the overall operating efficiency of compressed air energy storage. Since the higher the temperature, the higher the efficiency of compressed air energy storage, the use of this solution for heat storage can greatly improve the heat storage capacity.

[0029] (6) Reduced space requirements for heat storage, since water can fluctuate between a wider temperature and higher pressure range, thus reducing the space requirements for heat storage.

[0030] (7) It can help promote the construction of compressed air energy storage in multiple units. Relying on underground space, a larger-scale heat storage system can be built, making it easier to achieve expansion to 2×300MW, 3×300MW, and 4×300MW. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the content of the present invention includes but is not limited to the specific implementation methods described below, and similar technologies and methods should be considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] It should be clear that the embodiments described in the present invention are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0035] The present invention provides an underground artificial cavern heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage, comprising a ground part and an underground part, wherein the ground part comprises: a multi-stage compressor, a multi-stage turbine, an electric motor and an engine, and the underground part comprises a cold storage tank, a heat storage tank, a heat exchanger and an artificial cavern air storage chamber, wherein the multi-stage compressor is connected to the cold storage tank and / or the heat storage tank via a heat exchanger, the multi-stage turbine is connected to the artificial cavern air storage chamber and the cold storage tank and / or the heat storage tank, the electric motor is used to connect the air inlet and the multi-stage compressor, and the engine is used to connect the heat exchanger and the air outlet.

[0036] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, the heat storage system includes a high-temperature heat storage tank 1, a low-temperature cold storage tank 2, a first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3, an air filter 4, an air inlet pipe 5, an air outlet pipe 6, a generator 7, an electric motor 8, a first-stage compressor 9, a second-stage turbine 10, a second-stage compressor 11, an upper serpentine heat exchange pipe 12, a second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 13, a first-stage turbine 14, an artificial cavern air storage chamber 15, a high-pressure air layer 16, a sealing layer 17, a valve 18, a high-temperature heat storage tank 2 19, a water circulation system 20, a second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21, a lower serpentine heat exchange pipe 22, a low-temperature cold storage tank 23, a first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24, a heat exchanger high-pressure air layer 25, a heat exchanger sealing layer 26, a rock layer 27, and a storage tank sealing layer 28. The heat storage system is divided into two parts, above ground and underground. The above ground part includes an air filter device 4, an air inlet pipe 5, an air outlet pipe 6, a generator 7, an electric motor 8, a primary compressor 9, a secondary turbine 10, a secondary compressor 11, etc. The underground part includes a high-temperature heat storage tank 1, a low-temperature cold storage tank 2, a first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3, an artificial cavern air storage chamber 15, an air storage chamber high-pressure air layer 16, an air storage chamber sealing layer 17, a valve 18, a high-temperature heat storage tank 2 19, a water circulation system 20, a second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21, a lower serpentine heat exchange pipe 22, a low-temperature cold storage tank 2 23, a first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24, a heat exchanger high-pressure air layer 25, a heat exchanger sealing layer 26, a rock layer 27, a storage tank sealing layer 28, etc.

[0037] Preferably, the artificial cavern air storage chamber 15 consists of an air storage chamber high-pressure air layer 16 and a sealing layer 17 which are arranged concentrically, and the sealing layer 17 is arranged outside the high-pressure air layer 16 .

[0038] Preferably, the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank are connected in parallel to form a group, and at least two groups of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are arranged underground, and each group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are connected to a heat exchanger through a water circulation system; both ends of each group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are connected to a heat exchanger through a water circulation system. Specifically, one group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, specifically low-temperature cold storage tank 1 2 and high-temperature heat storage tank 1 , are connected in parallel, and one end thereof is connected to the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3 through the first water circulation system, and the other end is connected to the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24 through the second water circulation system; another group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, specifically low-temperature cold storage tank 2 23 and high-temperature heat storage tank 2 19 are connected in parallel, and one end thereof is connected to the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3 through the first water circulation system, and the other end is connected to the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24 through the second water circulation system. The water circulation system is connected to the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 13, and the other end is connected to the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21 through the fourth water circulation system; the structures of the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3, the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 13, the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24 and the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21 are exactly the same, and each of the heat exchangers includes a heat exchange pipe, and a high-pressure air layer 25, a sealing layer 26 and a rock layer 27 arranged from the inside to the outside for encapsulating the heat exchange pipe; the medium in the heat exchanger is high-pressure liquid water, and water has the lowest cost, which is lower than the cost of low-temperature molten salt and heat transfer oil, and there is no pollution or harmful liquid. Water is a common and easily available liquid, which is economical and convenient, saving the cost of heat storage medium. Under normal conditions, the temperature of water cannot be higher than 100°C, otherwise there will be a problem of vaporization. If the pressure of the heat storage medium water is further increased, the heat storage temperature of water can exceed 100°C, and no vaporization will occur. It is very suitable as a solvent for the heat storage system in the storage tank, and a high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage system can be realized. The present invention changes the conventional ground storage tank into an underground high-temperature and high-pressure storage tank, making full use of the strength of the underground surrounding rock to improve the compressive capacity of the storage tank heat exchanger. When the water has a certain pressure, the critical temperature of water vaporization can be higher than 100 degrees Celsius, thereby significantly increasing the temperature of the medium in the heat storage heat exchanger and increasing the heat storage capacity; at the same time, the heat storage system is placed underground to improve the safety of the heat storage system. During the construction process, after the excavation of the storage tank heat exchanger is completed, the heat exchanger sealing layer 26 and the heat exchanger high-pressure air layer 25 are first constructed along the rock layer 27 on the inner wall. The heat exchanger sealing layer 26 and the heat exchanger high-pressure air layer 25 of the present invention have the dual functions of insulation and support, and both provide protection for the insulation of low-temperature and high-temperature storage tank heat exchangers.After the construction is completed, a high-pressure water source is injected into the tank heat exchanger. Due to the increased pressure, the high-pressure water source will not vaporize in the process of receiving the heat transferred by the compressed air. The water pressure inside the tank heat exchanger is transmitted along the high-pressure air layer 25 of the tank to the heat exchanger sealing layer 26, and then the pressure is transmitted to the rock layer 27. Since the rock can withstand very high pressure (>20MPa), a higher pressure can be achieved inside the tank to make the internal and external air pressures consistent without the need to strengthen the structure of the tank heat exchanger itself, thereby ensuring the high-pressure environment inside the tank heat exchanger and keeping the water in a high-pressure state. The high-pressure liquid water maintains a high pressure and temperature through the high-pressure air layer 25 of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger sealing layer 26, and the rock layer 27, so as to achieve a high-temperature and high-pressure underground artificial chamber heat storage effect.

[0039] Furthermore, during the heat exchange stage between the low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger and the high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger, the air temperature will rise rapidly during the multi-stage compression process. At this time, a large amount of heat generated by the compressed air exchanges heat with the high-pressure liquid water in the high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger when passing through the upper serpentine heat exchange pipe 12. The pipe is arranged in a serpentine shape to increase the contact area with the solvent in the high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger and increase the heat exchange effect. The high-pressure liquid water in the high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger absorbs the heat dissipated from the compressed gas when passing through the serpentine pipe and becomes high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water enters the high-temperature heat storage tanks 1 and 19 through the water circulation system 20 for storage. When the turbine is working below, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water will flow into the low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger below through the water circulation system 20 to heat the turbine process, thereby alleviating the problem that when the turbine expansion unit is expanding, the high-pressure gas will decrease in temperature during decompression, resulting in a decrease in expansion efficiency. Similarly, when the air is expanded in multiple stages, the air temperature is reduced, and the low-temperature air will be heat exchanged through the serpentine heat exchange pipe 22 below, which will cool down the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water transferred from above. After the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water completes the heat exchange process, it will become low-temperature and high-pressure liquid water, which will flow into the low-temperature cold storage tanks 2 and 23 for storage through the water circulation system 20 below. When the compression work is performed above, the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid water will flow into the high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger through the water circulation system 20 to cool down the compressed hot air. Improve the compression work efficiency.

[0040] As an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the present invention also provides a working method of an underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage, which is implemented by a heat storage system and includes a gas storage stage during a low-peak electricity consumption period and a stage during a peak electricity consumption period. The gas storage stage during a low-peak electricity consumption period specifically includes:

[0041] S11. The air inlet collects air from the atmosphere and filters it;

[0042] S12. The filtered air is driven by a motor and then compressed by a first-stage compressor of a multi-stage compressor;

[0043] S13. The compressed air enters a heat exchanger at one end of one group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks for heat exchange, and then enters the secondary compressor of the multi-stage compressor for multi-stage compression processing.

[0044] S14. The air after multi-stage compression treatment enters the second heat exchanger for heat exchange and then enters the artificial cavern air storage chamber through a one-way pipe to store compressed air during periods of low electricity consumption.

[0045] The peak power consumption stage specifically includes: S21. The compressed gas flowing out of the gas storage chamber of the artificial cavern enters the first-stage turbine of the multi-stage turbine through the valve on its outlet pipe and starts turbine expansion processing;

[0046] S22. The gas after the expansion treatment enters into another group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks at one end of the heat exchanger for heat exchange and then enters into the second stage turbine of the multi-stage turbine for expansion treatment;

[0047] S23. The expanded gas enters a heat exchanger at one end of a group of cold storage tanks and a heat storage tank and is discharged after heat exchange;

[0048] S24. The exhaust gas drives the generator to generate electricity, and the excess air after work is discharged into the atmosphere through the air outlet.

[0049] Specifically, in the gas storage stage during the low-peak period of electricity consumption, the air inlet pipe 5 collects air from the atmosphere. The air first passes through the air filter device 4, which has a built-in filter screen. The device can remove impurities from the air and improve the efficiency of the compression work. The air then enters the multi-stage compression stage. The motor 8 extracts the air from the atmosphere, transports it to the multi-stage compressor, and drives the multi-stage compressor to compress the air. Multi-stage compression can save power consumption, appropriately reduce the exhaust temperature and reduce the gas force acting on the piston rod, etc., and improve the volume utilization rate. The air is first compressed by the first-stage compressor 9, and then enters the second-stage compressor 11 for multi-stage compression. Each time a compression stage is performed, the air will pass through the upper serpentine heat exchange pipe 12, pass through the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3, the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 13 in turn, and finally enter the artificial cavern gas storage chamber 15 through a one-way pipe to store compressed air during the low-peak period of electricity consumption. In this stage, electric energy is used to compress the air to a high-pressure state and store it in the artificial cavern air storage chamber 15, so that the electric energy is converted into the internal energy of the air and stored. In the process of compressing the air, the heat carried by the compressed air is exchanged through the upper serpentine heat exchange pipe 12, and the high-pressure liquid water in the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3 and the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 13 is converted into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water when it encounters heat, and is passed through the lower water circulation system 20 to the high-temperature heat storage tank 1 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 19 for storage, providing heat for the subsequent multi-stage expansion process and improving the expansion efficiency; at the same time, the water circulation system 20 receives the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid water from the low-temperature cold storage tank 1 2 and the low-temperature cold storage tank 2 23, and transports it to the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 3 and the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 13, and exchanges heat for the compressed air in the upper serpentine heat exchange pipe 12, so as to ensure that the air undergoing multi-stage compression is cooled down and the compression efficiency is improved.

[0050] During the peak period of electricity consumption, the valve 18 on the outlet pipeline is opened. At this time, the compressed gas flowing out of the artificial cavern gas storage chamber 15 enters the primary turbine 14 through the valve 18 and starts the turbine expansion process. The compressed gas enters the primary turbine 14 and the secondary turbine 10 in turn for expansion process, as well as the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24 and the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21. Finally, the generator 7 is driven to generate electricity, and the excess air after the work is discharged into the atmosphere through the air outlet pipe 6. During the turbine expansion process, the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21 and the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24 receive high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water from the high-temperature heat storage tank 1 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 19 through the water circulation system, and then perform heat exchange treatment on the air in the expansion process through the lower serpentine heat exchange pipe 22, thereby increasing the temperature of the air in the expansion process and improving the expansion efficiency; at the same time, the expanded air will reduce the temperature, and after heat exchange through the lower serpentine heat exchange pipe 22, the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid water in the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 21 and the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger 24 is passed through the lower water circulation system 20 into the low-temperature cold storage tank 1 2 and the low-temperature cold storage tank 2 23 for storage, thereby reducing the temperature for the multi-stage compression process above and improving the compression efficiency.

[0051] The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as mentioned above, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the application concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage, characterized in that: It includes a ground part and an underground part, wherein the ground part includes: a multi-stage compressor, a multi-stage turbine, an electric motor and an engine, and the underground part includes a cold storage tank, a heat storage tank, a heat exchanger and an artificial cavern air storage chamber, wherein the multi-stage compressor is connected to the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank through a heat exchanger, the multi-stage turbine is connected to the artificial cavern air storage chamber and the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank, the electric motor is used to connect the air inlet and the multi-stage compressor, the engine is used to connect the heat exchanger and the air outlet, the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank are connected in parallel to form a group, and the two groups of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are arranged underground, and the first group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks are specifically low-temperature cold storage tank 1 and high-temperature heat storage tank 1. After the two are connected in parallel, one end of the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank is connected to the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger through the first water circulation system, and the other end is connected to the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger through the second water circulation system; The second group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, specifically the second low-temperature cold storage tank and the second high-temperature heat storage tank, are connected in parallel, one end of which is connected to the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger through the third water circulation system, and the other end is connected to the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger through the fourth water circulation system, and the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger is connected to the artificial cavern gas storage chamber; the heat storage system works including the gas storage stage during the low-peak period of electricity consumption and the stage during the peak period of electricity consumption; The gas storage stage during the low-peak electricity consumption period specifically includes: S11. The air inlet collects air from the atmosphere and filters it; S12. The filtered air is driven by a motor and then compressed by a first-stage compressor of a multi-stage compressor; S13. The compressed air enters the first high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger at one end of the first group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, and then enters the secondary compressor of the multi-stage compressor for multi-stage compression processing. S14. The air after multi-stage compression treatment enters the second high-temperature storage tank heat exchanger at one end of the second group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, and then enters the artificial cavern air storage chamber through a one-way pipeline to store compressed air during the off-peak period of electricity consumption; The peak electricity consumption phase specifically includes: S21. The compressed gas flowing out of the artificial chamber gas storage chamber enters the first-stage turbine of the multi-stage turbine through the valve on its outlet pipe and starts the turbine expansion process; S22. The gas after expansion enters the second low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger at the other end of the second group of cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, and then enters the second stage turbine of the multi-stage turbine for expansion; S23. The gas after expansion enters the first group of cold storage tanks and the first low-temperature storage tank heat exchanger at the other end of the heat storage tank and is discharged after heat exchange; S24. The exhaust gas drives the generator to generate electricity, and the excess air after work is discharged into the atmosphere through the air outlet.

2. The underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial cavern air storage chamber comprises an air storage chamber high-pressure air layer and an air storage chamber sealing layer which are arranged with the center of the sphere, and the air storage chamber sealing layer is arranged outside the air storage chamber high-pressure air layer.

3. The underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each heat exchanger includes a heat exchange pipe, and a high-pressure air layer, a sealing layer and a rock layer which are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside and are used to encapsulate the heat exchange pipe.

4. The underground artificial chamber heat storage system for compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium in the heat exchanger is high-pressure liquid water.

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