A method of determining the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies using a characteristic element combination anomaly derivative method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a characteristic element combination anomaly derivative method for determining the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits. The method determines the spatial occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits through four working procedures: fine measurement of ore-forming structures and systematic sample collection, sample processing and multi-element quantitative analysis, mathematical model construction of characteristic element combination anomalies, and determination of the occurrence (strike, dip, dip and lateral direction) of deep concealed ore bodies. The method solves the difficult problem of interpreting geochemical anomalies of primary halos and secondary halos to determine the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies. The method can provide an important basis for prospecting and exploration engineering layout in the deep and peripheral parts of ore deposits, and promote mining enterprises to increase reserves and production of deep resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a characteristic element combination abnormal derivative method for determining the occurrence of a deep concealed plate-shaped ore body in a hydrothermal deposit, and belongs to the field of mineral resource exploration. Background Art

[0002] Determining the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies based on geochemical primary or secondary halo anomalies is a frontier research topic in prospecting prediction and one of the main difficulties in the field of geochemical exploration. It is of great significance to mine production and prospecting. Usually, the occurrence of ore bodies is directly controlled by prospecting projects, and its determination method mainly focuses on the study of the spatial distribution and occurrence of the exposed ore bodies. Luo Xuequan (1995) reported a mathematical method for determining the occurrence of ore bodies; Liang Panfeng (2014) introduced a geometric method for inferring the occurrence of plate-shaped concealed ore bodies using geometric principles; Afzal et al. (2015) and Afzal et al. (2013) used fractal models such as concentration-volume and sediment concentration-quantity, combined with ore body three-dimensional modeling and geological models, to qualitatively infer the occurrence of ore bodies. However, due to the limitations of prospecting projects and the spatial extension (depth), extension and continuity of ore bodies, the inferred ore body occurrence location of metal mines is often offset from the actual ore body output location.

[0003] Looking back at the progress of geochemical exploration in the past decades, a prospecting method has been established to delineate deep concealed ore bodies (beds) based on the primary or secondary halo anomalies of metal elements in various ore-bearing media based on the diffusion mechanism of metal elements in hydrothermal mineralization. Important results have been achieved in the prospecting and exploration of different types of metal deposits, revealing that geochemical exploration is meaningful in the location prediction of deep concealed ore bodies. However, to date, there is a lack of universal technical methods for determining the occurrence of concealed plate-like ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits. In particular, there are no reports on methods that characterize the abnormal distribution law of characteristic element combinations of plate-like ore bodies that are commonly found in nature and are directly controlled by fault structures, and determine the occurrence (strike, dip, inclination and lateral direction) of deep concealed ore bodies based on the mathematical model of the abnormal distribution of characteristic element combinations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for determining the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits using anomaly derivatives of characteristic element combinations. The method is based on fine measurement of the ore-forming structures in a working area and quantitative analysis of multiple elements, and constructs a mathematical model based on a function of changes in the characteristic element combination anomalies of different profiles with the spatial position of sampling points and a first-order derivative function that characterizes the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies. The occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies is determined based on the model, and the determination of the occurrence of concealed plate-like ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits is further realized, which is of great significance to prospecting and exploration in the deep and peripheral areas of mines in a new round of prospecting breakthrough actions.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] Step 1: Detailed measurement of mineralization structures and systematic sample collection in the work area

[0007] The purpose is to identify the type of mineralization structure in the area, and systematically identify and collect fault structural rock samples that control the mineralized alteration zone.

[0008] 1. First, identify the type of metallogenic structure: Apply the theory and methods of mineral field geomechanics (Sun Jiacong and Han Runsheng, 2016), through the fine measurement of metallogenic structures in different sections, different veins or profiles in the mining area or exploration work area, identify the mechanical properties of fractures in different directions that control the mineralized alteration zone in the work area, such as tension, compression, torsion, and compression-torsion fracture structures, distinguish between metallogenic structures and post-metallogenic structures, and draw structural geological profiles;

[0009] 2. Systematic sample collection and identification: Determine the ore-bearing structures and mineralized alteration points on the surface or in the vein tunnels. According to the distribution density of these geological points, collect samples of mineralized fault structural rocks or mineralized altered rocks at a point distance of 5 to 20 meters. In places where mineralization and alteration are intense, the sampling is intensified. The sampling length, depending on the width of the ore-bearing geological body, generally does not exceed 2 meters. The collected samples are marked on the structural geological profile, and the rock type of the structural altered rock is determined in conjunction with a microscope and X-ray powder diffraction.

[0010] Step 2: Sample processing and multi-element quantitative analysis

[0011] 1. Sample processing: Under pollution-free conditions, the collected samples are processed and reduced to 200 meshes, and divided into primary samples and duplicate samples; the primary samples are quantitatively analyzed by a testing unit with national Class A testing qualification certification, and the duplicate samples are used as a backup for inspection or retesting;

[0012] 2. Multi-element quantitative analysis: Select different test methods and use chemical methods to quantitatively analyze the main ore-forming elements (such as Pb and Zn) in mineralized fracture tectonic rocks and mineralized altered rock samples. Use ICP-MS to analyze the content of trace elements related to the mineralization of the ore deposit; use chemical methods to re-test samples with element content reaching strong mineralization or ore boundary grade. Send code samples or parallel samples according to 3% of the total number of samples to test the accuracy of the data. The average error of the main elements is less than 5%, and the test methods and instrument accuracy meet the analysis requirements; check whether the element content distribution conforms to the normal or log-normal distribution, and select the elements that meet the normal or log-normal distribution after testing.

[0013] Step 3: Construction of mathematical model for multi-element content and characteristic element combination anomalies

[0014] 1. Based on the content of elements that conform to normal or log-normal distribution in the measured profile, factor analysis and cluster analysis methods are used to obtain the characteristic element combination and its anomaly indicating deep mineralization information, and analyze the changing law of the characteristic element combination anomaly on the profile;

[0015] 2. Mathematical model of ore-forming element content distribution: Construct a mathematical model with the distance x of the geological points sampled in different profiles as the independent variable and the characteristic element content c as the independent variable. i The mathematical model of the function is:

[0016] c i =f(x)=a1×exp(-((x-b1x) / d1) 2 ) (1)

[0017] Where: f(x) is the element content, 10 -6 ; x is the distance, m; a1, b1, d1 are constants; i is an element;

[0018] The contents of ore-forming elements in the profiles all have the characteristics of log-normal distribution;

[0019] 3. Construct a mathematical model of the abnormal distribution of characteristic element combinations: Construct a mathematical model based on the sampling geological point position x of different profiles as the independent variable and the abnormal distribution of characteristic element combinations C j The mathematical model of the function is:

[0020] C j =F(x)=A1×exp(-((x-B1x) / D1) 2 ) (2)

[0021] Where: F(x) is the characteristic element combination anomaly, non-dimensional unit; x is the distance, m; A1, B1, D1 are constants; j is the characteristic element combination;

[0022] Formula (2) reflects that the characteristic element combination j has the characteristic of normal distribution on the profile;

[0023] By taking the first derivative of formula (2), we can obtain the first derivative function reflecting the tendency of deep concealed ore bodies:

[0024]

[0025] Step 4: Determination of the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like blind ore bodies

[0026] The first derivative function of the characteristic element combination can indicate the occurrence of deep blind ore bodies:

[0027] (1) Determination of the inclination and dip angle of concealed plate-like blind ore bodies

[0028] If F'(x)<0, it indicates that the inclination of the concealed plate-like blind ore body is consistent with the direction of the abnormal divergence;

[0029] If F'(x)>0, it indicates that the inclination of the concealed plate-like blind ore body is opposite to the direction of the abnormal divergence;

[0030] If F'(x)=(-0.01, 0.01) but ≠0, it indicates that the dip angle of the hidden plate-shaped blind ore body is steeper; if |F'(x)|>(0.01, 0.1), it indicates that the dip angle of the hidden plate-shaped blind ore body is gentler;

[0031] (2) Determination of the direction of deep concealed plate-like blind ore bodies

[0032] If F'(x) = 0 and the distribution is linear, the strike direction of the deep concealed plate-like ore body is consistent with the linear direction;

[0033] (3) Determination of the lateral direction of concealed plate-like ore bodies

[0034] The abnormal drift direction of different elevation planes indicates the lateral direction of the concealed plate-like ore body;

[0035] If the characteristic element combination anomaly of the deep plane is located on the left side of the characteristic element combination anomaly of the shallow plane, it indicates that the concealed plate-like ore body lies to the left side;

[0036] If the characteristic element combination anomaly of the deep plane is located on the right side of the characteristic element combination anomaly of the shallow plane, it indicates that the concealed plate-like ore body lies to the right side;

[0037] If the characteristic element combination anomaly of the deep plane and the characteristic element combination anomaly of the shallow plane are in the same position on the plane, it indicates that the concealed plate-like ore body is not lying sideways.

[0038] The scale used refers to the scale of 1:200 to 1:10000;

[0039] The middle section refers to a plane at a certain elevation.

[0040] The first and second steps of the method of the present invention, namely, the fine measurement of the mineralization structure and the systematic collection of samples, sample processing and multi-element quantitative analysis, are the basis of the method; the third step, namely, the construction of a mathematical model of multi-element content and characteristic element combination anomalies, is the key to the method; and the fourth step, namely, the determination of the occurrence of deep blind ore bodies, is the ultimate goal of the method.

[0041] Advantages and technical effects of the method of the present invention:

[0042] (1) This method is applicable to the determination of the occurrence of concealed plate-like ore bodies in wells, tunnels or semi-exposed or exposed rock areas on the surface;

[0043] (2) It solves the problem that the location of the ore body inferred based on 3D ore body modeling and analytical geometry methods is often offset from the actual ore body output location due to the limitations of prospecting engineering and the spatial extension (depth), extension and continuity of the ore body, and provides a universal method for determining the occurrence of hidden plate-like ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits;

[0044] (3) It solves the technical bottleneck of geophysical prospecting methods, which makes it difficult to determine the occurrence of ore bodies due to the strong multi-solution nature of the anomaly;

[0045] (4) This method has a wide application range and high accuracy, and can be used to determine the occurrence of deep ore bodies at a scale of 1:200 to 1:10000; (5) This method has clear procedures, strong operability, and low working costs.

[0046] The present invention is not only applicable to magmatic hydrothermal deposits, such as porphyry copper, molybdenum, gold deposits and medium-high temperature magmatic hydrothermal tungsten, tin, copper, "four rare" minerals and other metal deposits, but also applicable to the determination of the occurrence of deep ore bodies in non-magmatic hydrothermal polymetallic deposits, such as tectonic hydrothermal, metamorphic hydrothermal and other types of copper, lead, zinc, gold, iron, "four rare" minerals and other polymetallic deposits. In addition, for sedimentary metal deposits, the occurrence of deep ore bodies can be determined by implementing only the last three steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is the longitudinal section projection distribution map of the main ore bodies of a rare metal-rich lead-zinc deposit;

[0048] Figure 2 For a certain middle section of a certain ore deposit # , 17 # The cross-section diagram and the distribution diagram of Pb and Zn element contents in different veins, where the upper figure is the fitting curve diagram of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured cross-section diagram;

[0049] Figure 3 For a certain middle section of a certain ore deposit # , 56 # The cross-section diagram and the distribution diagram of Pb and Zn element contents in different veins, where the upper figure is the fitting curve diagram of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured cross-section diagram;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a model diagram for the distribution of ore-forming elements and their occurrence discrimination of different inclined ore bodies in hydrothermal deposits;

[0051] Figure 5 This is the abnormal distribution map of characteristic element combination in a certain middle section of a certain ore deposit;

[0052] Figure 6It is the longitudinal section projection of the main ore body in the peripheral exploration area of ​​a germanium-rich lead-zinc mine (above), the plan view of the middle section of a lower part (a below), and the plan view of the middle section of a lower part (b below);

[0053] Figure 7 For a certain lower middle section of a certain exploration area 98 # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins, where the upper figure is the fitting curve diagram of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile diagram;

[0054] Figure 8 102 in the lower middle section of a certain exploration area # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins. The upper figure is the fitting curve of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile.

[0055] Fig. 9 For a certain lower middle section of a certain exploration area 110 # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins. The upper figure is the fitting curve of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile.

[0056] Fig.10 114 in the lower middle section of a certain exploration area # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins. The upper figure is the fitting curve of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile.

[0057] Fig.11 For the upper middle section of a certain exploration area 94 # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins. The upper figure is the fitting curve of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile.

[0058] Fig.12 For the upper middle section of a certain exploration area 98 # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins. The upper figure is the fitting curve of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile.

[0059] Fig.13 For a certain upper middle section of a certain exploration area 112 # Distribution diagram of Pb and Zn elements in the veins. The upper figure is the fitting curve of Pb and Zn elements, the middle figure is the scatter plot of the first derivative of the fitting curve against the distance, and the lower figure is the measured profile.

[0060] Fig.14 This is the abnormal distribution map of characteristic element combination in the upper middle section of a certain exploration area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents described above. The methods in the embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0062] Example 1: Determination of the occurrence of a deep concealed plate-like ore body in a lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan

[0063] A germanium-rich lead-zinc deposit is one of the typical representatives of hydrothermal deposits in my country. It has the characteristics of high grade (Pb+Zn about 30%), large reserves (the deposit and ore body can reach large scale), deep ore body (up to more than 1600m), strong hydrothermal alteration and obvious mineralization alteration combination zoning. However, the occurrence and lateral characteristics of deep ore bodies vary greatly and are difficult to predict ( Figure 1 ). Although TEM and other geophysical methods are used, the resistivity anomaly inferences and interpretations obtained by these methods are highly multi-faceted, especially due to the influence of water-bearing faults, surface high-voltage lines, and underground rail facilities in mines. It is not only difficult to distinguish whether the abnormal distribution characteristics indicating the occurrence of deep ore bodies are ore-induced anomalies or non-ore-induced anomalies; the interpretation of surface geochemical anomalies is also difficult to determine the occurrence of deep blind ore bodies because the concealed ore bodies are too deep.

[0064] The deposit is a hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit that is clearly controlled by the structure, laying the foundation for the quantitative determination of the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies.

[0065] The specific implementation process of the method of the present invention is as follows:

[0066] 1. Mineralization structural profile measurement and sample collection system

[0067] (1) Apply the theory and methods of mine field geomechanics to conduct 4 # , 15 # , 17 # , 56 # The detailed analysis of the structures in different directions in the vein tunnel identified that the NE-trending fault during the mineralization period was left-lateral compression-torsion, the NW-trending fault was left-lateral compression-torsion, the near EW-trending fault was right-lateral torsion, and the NW-trending fault was tension-torsion. After mineralization, the near N-S fault cut through the mineralization structure. The NE-trending left-lateral compression-torsion fault zone directly controlled the distribution of the ore body in the NE-trending interlayer compression-torsion fault zone and its nearby hydrothermal alteration zone, and a 1:500 scale structural profile was made ( Figure 2 , 3 ).

[0068] (2) Determine the ore-bearing structures and mineralized alteration points in different veins. According to the exposure of ore-bearing fault zones and mineralized altered rocks, collect mineralized altered rock samples at a point spacing of 5 to 10 meters. Intensify the sampling at the place where the mineralization and alteration are strong, and the sampling length is 0.5-2 meters. The collected samples are marked on the structural profile ( Figure 2 ,3 ). Rock and mineral identification was carried out with a microscope to determine the types of tectonic rocks and mineralized altered rocks, which were mainly strongly iron dolomitized-pyritized-silicified pinhole coarse-crystalline dolomite, strongly dolomitized-calcitized coarse-crystalline dolomite, strongly dolomitized-calcitized medium-coarse-crystalline dolomite containing limestone dissolution breccia, and calcitized-dolomitized fine-crystalline limestone, as well as lead-zinc mineralized dolomitic cataclase, porphyry, and stockwork-like and massive lead-zinc ores.

[0069] 2. Sample processing and multi-element quantitative analysis

[0070] (1) Under pollution-free conditions, the collected samples are processed and reduced to 200 mesh, and divided into a primary sample and a duplicate sample. The primary sample is sent to a testing center with national Class A testing qualification certification for analysis, and the duplicate sample is used as a backup for inspection or re-testing;

[0071] (2) Multi-element quantitative analysis: Chemical methods are used to analyze strongly mineralized samples or samples with a grade above the cut-off point. ICP-MS is used to analyze samples that are not strongly mineralized. The contents of 45 elements such as Pb and Zn in the samples are quantitatively analyzed. 3% of the total number of samples are sent for testing as code samples or parallel samples. The accuracy of the test data is tested, with an average error of less than 5%. The analysis methods and instruments meet the accuracy requirements. Elements that satisfy the normal or log-normal distribution are selected.

[0072] 3. Construction of mathematical model for multi-element content and characteristic element combination anomalies

[0073] (1) The content of lead and zinc ore-forming elements in different sections has the characteristic of normal distribution. It is found that the boundary between the high-value area and the low-value area of ​​the ore-bearing section is clear, the coefficient of variation is high, and it shows the characteristics of steep increase and decrease, which is consistent with the geological fact that the boundary between the ore body and the ore-bearing surrounding rock is clear.

[0074] (2) Based on the above functions, the characteristic element combination anomaly function and the derivative function reflecting the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies, the change trend of ore-forming elements is almost consistent, and the element content c(x) has the following relationship with the spatial position x of the interlayer fracture. This mathematical model objectively reflects the distribution characteristics of ore-forming elements ( Figure 4 ):

[0075] 4. Determination of the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies

[0076] (1) Abnormal combination of lead, zinc and other elements F'(x) = (-0.02 to -0.03 logarithm) < 0 ( Figure 5 ), indicating that the inclination of the concealed plate-like blind ore body is consistent with the direction of the abnormal divergence, that is, the inclination of the deep concealed ore body is SE, and the inclination angle is relatively gentle.

[0077] (2) Because the characteristic element combination anomaly of the lower middle section of the deep part is located on the left side of the characteristic element combination anomaly of the upper middle section of the shallow part and the upper middle section, it indicates that the deep blind ore body lies to the left, i.e., SW.

[0078] Example 2: Determination of the occurrence of a deep concealed ore body in the peripheral exploration area of ​​a germanium-rich lead-zinc mine

[0079] Although a lot of geological work has been carried out in the peripheral exploration area of ​​a certain mine, the deep prospecting work has not made much progress. Only some small vein-like ore bodies were discovered in the early stage. The coarse-grained dolomite in the Devonian and Carboniferous in the exploration area has developed hydrothermal alteration such as dolomitization, pyritization, calciteization, and silicification, and the characteristics of being controlled by left-lateral compressional-torsion structures are obvious. In particular, the deep ore bodies have large changes in dip angles on the profile, and the reverse dip phenomenon is prominent. Although geophysical methods such as TEM and IP have been used, the resistivity and high polarizability anomalies obtained by these methods have strong multi-solution inference interpretation, and water-bearing faults, coal-bearing strata, surface high-voltage lines, and underground rail facilities in mines can all cause anomalies similar to ore bodies. It is difficult to distinguish whether the abnormal distribution characteristics indicating the occurrence of deep ore bodies are ore-induced anomalies or non-ore-induced anomalies; it is difficult to determine the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies in the interpretation of geochemical anomalies.

[0080] The deposit is a hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit that is clearly controlled by structure and rock combination. Figure 6 ), which laid a foundation for the quantitative determination of the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies.

[0081] The specific implementation process of the method of the present invention is as follows:

[0082] 1. Mineralization structural profile measurement and sample collection system

[0083] (1) Applying the theory and methods of ore field geomechanics, the ore-controlling structures in different directions of the 94#, 98#, 112# veins in the upper middle section and the 94#, 98#, 102#, 110#, 114# veins in the lower middle section of the deep mining area were analyzed in detail. It was identified that the NE-trending faults were left-lateral compression-torsion during the mineralization period, the NNW-trending faults were left-lateral tension-tension, the near-south-north faults were left-lateral torsion, the NE-trending left-lateral compression-torsion fault zone and the NE-trending compound inverted anticline directly controlled the distribution of the ore bodies in the oblique strike-slip fault-complex anticline structural zone of the thermal brecciated dolomitized altered body, and a 1:500 scale structural profile was made ( Figures 7 to 13 ).

[0084] (2) Determine the mineralized structures and mineralized alteration points in different veins. According to the exposure of mineralized fault zones and mineralized altered rocks, collect mineralized altered rock samples at a point spacing of 5-10 meters. Intensify the sampling at the places with strong mineralization and alteration. The sampling length is 0.5-2m, and the collected samples are marked on the structural profile ( Figures 7 to 13). The microscope was used to identify the rocks and minerals, and the types of tectonic rocks and mineralized altered rocks were determined. From the center of the ore body to the surrounding rock, the mineralized alteration zoning pattern was as follows: lead-zinc mineralization silicification zone (Ⅰ) → pyritization zone (Ⅱ) → pyritization + dolomitization + calcite zone (Ⅲ) → beige medium-coarse crystal dolomitization zone (Ⅳ), of which zone Ⅲ was divided into three subzones: pyritization + dedolomitization megacrystalline limestone (Ⅲ-1), pyritization + weak marbleization coarse crystal mud dolomite (Ⅲ-2), and pyritization + dolomitization + calcite (Ⅲ-3) subzone.

[0085] 2. Sample processing and multi-element quantitative analysis

[0086] (1) The collected samples are processed and reduced to 200 mesh under pollution-free conditions, and divided into a primary sample and a secondary sample. The multi-element content of the primary sample is analyzed at a testing center with national Class A testing qualification certification;

[0087] (2) Multi-element quantitative analysis: Chemical methods are used to analyze strongly mineralized samples or samples with a grade above the cut-off point. ICP-MS is used to analyze samples that do not reach strong mineralization. The contents of 45 elements such as Pb and Zn in the samples are quantitatively analyzed. 3% of the total number of samples are sent for testing of code samples or parallel samples. The accuracy of the test data is tested, and the average error is less than 5%. The analysis method and instrument meet the accuracy requirements. After testing, elements that meet the normal or log-normal distribution are selected.

[0088] 3. Construction of mathematical model for multi-element content and characteristic element combination anomalies

[0089] (1) Based on the fact that the content of lead and zinc ore-forming elements in different sections is normally distributed on the sections, a mathematical expression with the length x of the geological point as the independent variable and the element content c as the function was constructed. It was found that the boundary between the high-value area and the low-value area of ​​the ore-bearing section was clear, the coefficient of variation was high, and it showed the characteristics of abrupt increase and decrease, which was consistent with the geological fact that the boundary between the ore body and the ore-bearing surrounding rock was clear.

[0090] (2) Based on the above functions, through the characteristic element combination anomaly function and the derivative function reflecting the occurrence of deep concealed ore bodies, the change trend of ore-forming elements is almost consistent, and its content c(x) has the following relationship with the spatial position x of the interlayer fracture. This mathematical model objectively reflects the distribution characteristics of ore-forming elements:

[0091] 4. Existence and occurrence determination of deep concealed ore bodies

[0092] (1) Abnormal combination of lead, zinc and other elements F'(x) = (-0.006 ~ -0.01) < 0 ( Fig.14 ), indicating that the inclination of the concealed ore body is consistent with the direction of the abnormal divergence, that is, the inclination of the deep concealed ore body is SE, and the inclination of the concealed ore body is steeper.

[0093] (2) Because the characteristic element combination anomaly in the deep middle section is located on the left side of the characteristic element combination anomaly in the shallow middle section, it indicates that the deep blind ore body lies to the left side, i.e., SW side.

Claims

1. A method of determining the occurrence of a deep concealed plate-like ore body in a hydrothermal deposit by using a characteristic element combination anomaly derivative method, characterized in that: Proceed as follows: (1) Detailed measurement of mineralization structure and systematic sample collection Apply the theory and methods of mine field geomechanics to precisely measure and analyze the mineralization structures in different middle sections and different veins or sections in the deep tunnels of hydrothermal deposits, identify the types of mineralization structures in the mining area, identify the mineralized altered rocks distributed along the mineralization structures, and draw structural profiles; collect samples of mineralization fault structure rocks or mineralized altered rocks at a point spacing of 5 to 20 meters, and mark the collected samples on the geological map; (2) Sample processing and multi-element quantitative analysis The collected samples are processed and reduced into main samples and sub-samples, and the contents of main ore-forming elements and trace elements related to mineralization in the main samples are analyzed to test whether the distribution of element contents conforms to normal or log-normal distribution. After testing, the elements that meet normal or log-normal distribution are screened out; (3) Construction of mathematical model for abnormal combination of characteristic elements A. Based on the content of elements that conform to normal or log-normal distribution in the measured profile, factor analysis and cluster analysis methods are used to obtain the characteristic element combination and its anomaly indicating deep mineralization information, analyze the change law of characteristic element combination anomaly, and construct a geological point location based on different profile sampling. x is the independent variable, characteristic element content c i The mathematical model of the function is: c i = f ( x )=a1×exp(-(( x -b1 x ) / d1) 2 ) Where: f (x) is the element content, 10 -6 ; x is the distance, m; a1, b1, d1 are constants; i for an element; The model reflects an element i The content of has the characteristics of log-normal distribution in the profile; B. Constructing the location of geological points based on different profile sampling x The combination of independent variables and characteristic elements is abnormal C j The mathematical model of the function is: C j =F( x )=A1×exp(-((x-B1 x ) / D1) 2 ) Where: F( x ) is the abnormal combination of characteristic elements, non-dimensional unit; x is the distance, m; A1, B1, D1 are constants; j A combination of characteristic elements that indicates deep mineralization information; The model reflects the abnormal combination of characteristic elements C j It has the characteristics of normal distribution in the cross section; By taking the first derivative of the above model, we can obtain the first derivative function reflecting the tendency of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies: ； (4) Determination of the occurrence of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies A. Determination of the inclination and dip of concealed plate-like blind ore bodies like F' ( x )<0, indicating that the inclination of the concealed plate-like ore body is consistent with the anomaly divergence direction; like F' ( x )>0, indicating that the inclination of the concealed plate-like ore body is opposite to the direction of the abnormal divergence; like F' ( x )=(-0.01,0.01)but ≠0, indicating that the concealed plate-shaped blind ore body has a steeper dip angle; if ∣ F' ( x )∣>0.01, indicating that the concealed plate-like ore body has a gentle inclination; B. Determination of the trend of deep concealed plate-like ore bodies F' ( x )=0 and distributed in a linear pattern, then the strike of the deep concealed plate-like ore body is consistent with the linear direction; C. Determination of the lateral direction of concealed plate-like ore bodies The abnormal drift direction of different elevation planes indicates the lateral direction of the concealed plate-like ore body; If the characteristic element combination anomaly of the deep plane is located on the left side of the characteristic element combination anomaly of the shallow plane, it indicates that the concealed plate-like ore body lies to the left side; If the characteristic element combination anomaly of the deep plane is located on the right side of the characteristic element combination anomaly of the shallow plane, it indicates that the concealed plate-like ore body lies to the right side; If the characteristic element combination anomaly of the deep plane and the characteristic element combination anomaly of the shallow plane are in the same position on the plane, it indicates that the concealed plate-like ore body is not lying sideways.

2. The characteristic element combination abnormal derivative method for determining the occurrence of a deep concealed plate-like ore body in a hydrothermal deposit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The scale used is 1:200 to 1:10000.

Images