Comprehensive calculation method, system and medium for annual sediment volume in uncontrolled interval of sediment-rich reservoir

Abstract

The present application relates to a comprehensive calculation method, system and medium for the annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled interval of a high-sediment reservoir, the method comprising: collecting reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data; calculating and clarifying the changing trend and periodization of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval; calculating the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the changing trend of the sediment transport modulus; calculating the sediment accumulation in the reservoir and comprehensively giving the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval. The present application provides a basic basis for the safe operation, optimized dispatching and comprehensive benefit of a reservoir group.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulics and river dynamics, and in particular to a method, system and medium for comprehensively calculating the annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled interval of a sediment-rich reservoir. Background Art

[0002] For river-type reservoirs with a lot of sediment, when developing multiple cascades, the length of the reservoir is often short, generally not exceeding 200km. Therefore, most of the reservoirs only set up a hydrological sediment observation station at the end of the reservoir to control the water and sediment flowing into the reservoir, and then set up a hydrological sediment observation station downstream of the reservoir to control the water and sediment flowing out of the reservoir. The reservoir area is greatly affected by the reservoir scheduling, and no hydrological sediment observation station is set up. Under natural conditions, this station setting method does not have obvious defects, and the water and sediment in the uncontrolled interval between the upstream and downstream hydrological control stations can basically be obtained by difference calculation. After the reservoir is filled with water, the hydrodynamic conditions in the reservoir area change significantly, a large amount of sediment is intercepted, and the water and sediment flowing out of the reservoir changes. It is not possible to obtain the amount of sediment in the uncontrolled interval by simply calculating the difference, and it is difficult to judge the actual siltation of the reservoir, which affects the safe operation of the reservoir. Especially in some reservoirs in dry and hot river valleys, the sediment inflow in the uncontrolled interval is often large, and the sediment transport modulus in some intervals can reach more than 2000t / km. The sediment inflow in the uncontrolled interval is particularly important for the operation of the reservoir. In the past, some calculations of the sediment inflow in the uncontrolled interval used the extrapolation of the natural multi-year average sediment transport modulus, while others used distributed erosion and sediment production models for simulation. However, the former often cannot reflect the impact of rainfall and runoff differences on sediment transport, and the latter simulation accuracy is higher in small watersheds, but low in large areas of more than 100 square kilometers.

[0003] This application uses hydrological sediment and fixed-section observation data before and after the reservoir is filled with water, calculates and clarifies the changing trend of the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval of the reservoir, and divides the changing process of the sediment transport modulus into stages. By establishing the correlation between the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval in different periods and the runoff and rainfall, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval corresponding to a certain sediment transport modulus stage is calculated. Then, the actual sediment accumulation in the reservoir is calculated based on the fixed-section data. From the perspective of sediment transport balance, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is reversely calculated, and the sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval calculated based on the changing trend of the sediment transport modulus is verified. Finally, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval after the reservoir is filled with water is obtained comprehensively, which provides a basic basis for the safe operation, optimized scheduling and comprehensive benefit realization of the reservoir group. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a comprehensive calculation method, system and medium for the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval of a high-sediment reservoir, which can be used to determine the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval after the reservoir is filled with water, and provide a basic basis for the safe operation, optimized scheduling and comprehensive benefit realization of the reservoir group.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application embodiment provides a method for comprehensively calculating the annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled interval of a sediment-rich reservoir, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1. Collect reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data;

[0008] Step 2. Calculate and clarify the changing trend and stages of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval;

[0009] Step 3. Calculate the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the change trend of the sediment transport modulus;

[0010] Step 4. Calculate the amount of sediment deposited in the reservoir and give a comprehensive summary of the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval.

[0011] The implementation of step 1 is as follows:

[0012] Step 11. Collect observation data such as annual runoff, sediment transport, and rainfall from hydrological control stations of main and tributary rivers before and after the reservoir is filled;

[0013] Step 12. Collect observation data on dry bulk density of fixed sections and bed sand in the reservoir area after the reservoir is filled with water.

[0014] The implementation of step 2 is as follows:

[0015] Step 21. Calculate the annual runoff of the uncontrolled interval in the natural state before the reservoir is filled. The annual runoff of the uncontrolled interval is R w =R d -R u -∑R bi , R d and R u are the annual runoff of the outflow and inflow hydrological control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, R bi is the annual runoff of the tributaries with observation data in the interval, and the unit is billion m 3 ; In the formula, i = 1, 2...n, n is the number of tributaries in the reservoir area with hydrological and sediment observation data.

[0016] Step 22. Calculate the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval under the natural state before the reservoir is filled. w =(Q sd -Q su -∑Q sbi ) / (A d -A u -∑A bi ), Q sd and Q su are the annual sediment transport of the outflow and inflow hydrological control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, Q sbiA is the annual sediment discharge of the tributary inflow hydrological control station with observation data in the interval, in units of 10,000 tons; d and A u are the catchment areas of the outflow and inflow control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, A bi is the catchment area of ​​the tributary with observation data into the hydrological control station, in km 2 In the formula, i = 1, 2...n, and n is the number of tributaries with hydrological and sediment observation data in the reservoir area.

[0017] Step 23. Based on the analysis of the changes in the sediment transport modulus over the years and the 5-year sliding mean, the development trend of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval is clarified, and the change stages of the annual sediment transport modulus are divided into stable period, increasing period or decreasing period according to the development trend.

[0018] The implementation of step 3 is as follows:

[0019] Step 31. Establish the correlation between the annual runoff, rainfall and the sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval according to the stable period, increasing period and decreasing period of the annual sediment transport modulus change, and obtain the empirical relationship for calculating the sediment transport modulus based on the annual runoff and rainfall at different stages;

[0020] Step 32. Calculate the annual runoff of the interval after the reservoir is filled with water. w =R d -R u -∑R bi +ΔR′, where ΔR′ is the annual storage variable of the reservoir, in units of 100 million m 3 , which can be found based on the annual storage capacity curve of the reservoir;

[0021] Step 33. According to the empirical relationship of step 31, the annual sediment transport modulus is preliminarily calculated based on the runoff of the uncontrolled interval and the measured rainfall. If the sediment transport modulus shows a decreasing trend, the smaller value of the two calculation results is taken; if the sediment transport modulus shows an increasing trend, the larger value of the two calculation results is taken; if the sediment transport modulus shows a stable trend, the average value of the two is taken;

[0022] Step 34. Calculate the annual sediment transport modulus W in the uncontrolled interval based on the annual sediment transport modulus calculated above. s =S w *(A d -A u -∑A bi ).

[0023] The implementation of step 4 is as follows:

[0024] Step 41. Based on the fixed section data, use the tank storage volume method to calculate the annual sediment deposition volume V between every two sections of the reservoir. j , the unit is ten thousand m 3The dry bulk density observation data of reservoir bed sand is generally scarce, so only representative sections with obvious siltation are selected for observation. According to the fixed section spacing, the dry bulk density of the representative sections is linearly interpolated to obtain the dry bulk density of each section ρ j , unit is t / m 3 , calculate the average dry bulk density of the reservoir and the sediment deposition weight The unit is ten thousand tons, Cn is the number of fixed sections in the reservoir area;

[0025] Step 42. According to the sediment accumulation of the reservoir, based on the sediment balance method, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is reversed, and the calculation formula is W s ′=W d +Q sd -Q su -∑Q sbi , the unit is ten thousand tons;

[0026] Step 43. Verify the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval. s and W s ′, if the deviation between the two does not exceed 30%, the average of the two is taken as the final annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval; if the deviation between the two is greater than 30%, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is comprehensively given according to the change trend of the sediment transport modulus. In the increasing period, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval = max(W s ,W s ′)×70%+min(W s ,W s ′)×30%; ​​during the reduction period, the amount of sediment coming from the uncontrolled interval = min(W s ,W s ′)×70%+max(W s ,W s ′)×30%; ​​in the stable period, directly take W s .

[0027] The basic principle of calculating the amount of riverbed erosion and deposition using the tank storage volume method is as follows:

[0028] The calculation is based on cross-sectional measurement data. According to the cross-sectional data of the background and sediment deposition status during the calculation period, the Calculate the cross-sectional area under a certain water level. i,j is the cross-sectional area of ​​the jth section at the i-th measurement under a certain water level, Δl k is the distance between the kth and k+1th measuring points on the cross section, and npt is the number of measuring points on the cross section.

[0029] According to the cross-sectional area, the volume of the river channel at a certain water level can be calculated. The volume of the river channel is calculated using the prism volume formula Calculate, where V iis the channel volume between the jth section and the j+1th section at the i-th measurement at a certain water level, ΔL j is the distance from the jth section to the j+1th section, and ncs is the number of sections.

[0030] According to the difference in the channel volume between two adjacent measurements, the scouring and silting volume within the time interval between the two measurements can be obtained as W: i =∑V i -∑V i+1 i=1,2,...,ny-1, where W i It is the amount of scouring and silting of the river channel in the interval from the i-th measurement to the i+1-th measurement. A value greater than 0 represents silting, and a value less than 0 represents scouring. ny is the number of measurements of the cross-section data.

[0031] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a system for comprehensively calculating the annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled area of ​​a sediment-rich reservoir, comprising:

[0032] Data collection module, used to collect reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data;

[0033] The trend and phase calculation module is used to calculate the changing trend and phase of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval;

[0034] Annual sediment volume calculation module, used to calculate the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the change trend of the sediment transport modulus;

[0035] The annual sediment volume determination module is used to calculate the sediment accumulation in the reservoir and comprehensively give the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval.

[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a program code. When the program code is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for comprehensive calculation of annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled interval of a high-sediment reservoir as described above are implemented.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] This application uses hydrological sediment and fixed-section observation data before and after the reservoir is filled with water to calculate and clarify the changing trend of the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval of the reservoir. By establishing the correlation between the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval and the runoff and rainfall, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval corresponding to a certain runoff and rainfall is calculated. Then, the actual sediment accumulation in the reservoir is calculated based on the fixed-section data, and the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is reversely calculated. The sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval calculated based on the changing trend of the sediment transport modulus is verified, and finally the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval after the reservoir is filled with water is obtained, which provides a basic basis for the safe operation, optimized scheduling and comprehensive benefit realization of the reservoir group. The calculation data is sufficient, the method mechanism is clear, the implementation process is clear, and the technical means are feasible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a comprehensive calculation method of annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled area of ​​a sediment-rich reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a trend chart of annual sediment transport modulus variation in the uncontrolled area of ​​a certain sediment-rich reservoir;

[0042] Figure 3 This is the relationship diagram between the annual runoff and sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled area of ​​a certain sediment-rich reservoir;

[0043] Figure 4 This is the relationship between annual rainfall and sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled area of ​​a certain sediment-rich reservoir;

[0044] Figure 5 This is the distribution map of erosion and siltation between sections of a certain sandy reservoir in 2023;

[0045] Figure 6 A system block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0047] The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0048] The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be understood as requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0049] Please see attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a comprehensive calculation method for the amount of sediment in an uncontrolled interval of a sediment-rich reservoir, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Collect reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data, which can be achieved as follows:

[0051] Step 11. Collect observation data such as annual runoff, sediment transport, and rainfall from hydrological control stations of main and tributary rivers before and after the reservoir is filled;

[0052] Step 12. Collect observation data on dry bulk density of fixed sections and bed sand in the reservoir area after the reservoir is filled with water.

[0053] Step 2: Calculate and clarify the changing trend and stages of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval. The implementation method is as follows:

[0054] Step 21. Calculate the annual runoff of the uncontrolled interval in the natural state before the reservoir is filled. The annual runoff of the uncontrolled interval is R w =R d -R u -∑R bi , R d and R u are the annual runoff of the outflow and inflow hydrological control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, R bi is the annual runoff of the tributaries with observation data in the interval, and the unit is billion m 3 ; In the formula, i = 1, 2...n, n is the number of tributaries in the reservoir area with hydrological and sediment observation data.

[0055] Step 22. Calculate the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval under the natural state before the reservoir is filled. w =(Q sd -Q su -∑Q sbi ) / (A d -A u -∑A bi ), Q sd and Q su are the annual sediment transport of the outflow and inflow hydrological control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, Q sbi A is the annual sediment discharge of the tributary inflow hydrological control station with observation data in the interval, in units of 10,000 tons; d and A u are the catchment areas of the outflow and inflow control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, A bi is the catchment area of ​​the tributary with observation data into the hydrological control station, in km 2 In the formula, i = 1, 2...n, and n is the number of tributaries with hydrological and sediment observation data in the reservoir area.

[0056] Step 23. Based on the analysis of the changes in the sediment transport modulus over the years and the 5-year sliding mean, the development trend of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval is clarified, and the change stages of the annual sediment transport modulus are divided into stable period, increasing period or decreasing period according to the development trend.

[0057] Step 3: Calculate the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the change trend of the sediment transport modulus. The implementation method is as follows:

[0058] Step 31. Establish the correlation between the annual runoff, rainfall and the sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval according to the stable period, increasing period and decreasing period of the annual sediment transport modulus change, and obtain the empirical relationship for calculating the sediment transport modulus based on the annual runoff and rainfall at different stages;

[0059] Step 32. Calculate the annual runoff of the interval after the reservoir is filled with water. w =R d -R u -∑R bi +ΔR′, where ΔR′ is the annual storage variable of the reservoir, in units of 100 million m 3 , which can be found based on the annual storage capacity curve of the reservoir;

[0060] Step 33. According to the empirical relationship of step 31, the annual sediment transport modulus is preliminarily calculated based on the runoff of the uncontrolled interval and the measured rainfall. If the sediment transport modulus shows a decreasing trend, the smaller value of the two calculation results is taken; if the sediment transport modulus shows an increasing trend, the larger value of the two calculation results is taken; if the sediment transport modulus shows a stable trend, the average value of the two is taken;

[0061] Step 34. Calculate the annual sediment transport modulus W in the uncontrolled interval based on the annual sediment transport modulus calculated above. s =S w *(A d -A u -∑A bi ).

[0062] Step 4, calculate the sediment accumulation of the reservoir and give the annual sediment accumulation in the uncontrolled interval. The implementation method is as follows:

[0063] Step 41. Based on the fixed section data, use the tank storage volume method to calculate the annual sediment deposition volume V between every two sections of the reservoir. j , the unit is ten thousand m 3 The dry bulk density observation data of reservoir bed sand is generally scarce, so only representative sections with obvious siltation are selected for observation. According to the fixed section spacing, the dry bulk density of the representative sections is linearly interpolated to obtain the dry bulk density of each section ρ j , unit is t / m 3 , calculate the average dry bulk density of the reservoir and the sediment deposition weight The unit is ten thousand tons, Cn is the number of fixed sections in the reservoir area;

[0064] Step 42. According to the sediment accumulation of the reservoir, based on the sediment balance method, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is reversed, and the calculation formula is W s ′=W d +Q sd -Q su -∑Q sbi , the unit is ten thousand tons;

[0065] Step 43. Verify the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval. s and W s ′, if the deviation between the two does not exceed 30%, the average of the two is taken as the final annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval; if the deviation between the two is greater than 30%, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is comprehensively given according to the change trend of the sediment transport modulus. In the increasing period, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval = max(W s ,W s ′)×70%+min(W s ,W s ′)×30%; ​​during the reduction period, the amount of sediment coming from the uncontrolled interval = min(W s ,W s ′)×70%+max(W s ,W s ′)×30%; ​​in the stable period, directly take W s .

[0066] The specific steps of the embodiment are as follows:

[0067] Step 1: Collect hydrological and sediment observation data of a cascade reservoir located in a key sediment-producing area in a certain basin, including the annual runoff and annual sediment discharge of the PZ hydrological station in the upstream mainstream of the reservoir, the TZ hydrological station of a larger tributary in the interval, and the HT hydrological station near the dam site from 1972 to 2020 before water storage; the annual runoff and annual sediment discharge of the PZ hydrological station, TZ hydrological station and the BH hydrological station downstream of the dam site in 2023 after water storage; the rainfall observation data of the cascade reservoir interval from 1972 to 2020 and 2023, and the catchment area data of the hydrological control station; the dry bulk density observation data of bed sand twice at the beginning and end of the year in the reservoir area in 2023 after the reservoir is filled.

[0068] Step 2: Based on the measured data, calculate the runoff, annual sediment transport modulus and its multi-year mean and five-year sliding mean of the uncontrolled interval of the cascade reservoirs from 1972 to 2020. Figure 2 , it is divided into 1972-1985 as the period of increasing sediment transport modulus, 1986-1999 as the period of stable sediment transport modulus, 2000-2020 as the period of decreasing sediment transport modulus, and the sediment transport modulus should be in the period of decreasing sediment transport modulus in 2023 after the reservoir is filled with water.

[0069] Step 3: Establish the correlation between annual runoff, rainfall and sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled intervals of 1972-1985, 1986-1999 and 2000-2020 as follows: Figure 3 , 4 In 2023, after the reservoir is filled, the sediment transport modulus will decrease. According to the annual runoff data of PZ, TZ and BH hydrological stations and the storage capacity change curve of cascade reservoirs, the annual runoff in the uncontrolled interval is calculated to be 5.08 billion m 3 ,based on Figure 3 The empirical relationship is used to calculate the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled section to be 1255t / km 2 , the basin rainfall in 2023 is 550.7mm; based on Figure 4 When the rainfall is less than 600 mm, the annual sediment transport modulus basically does not exceed 1000 t / km 2 In 2023, the sediment transport modulus is in the decreasing period, and the sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval is 1000t / km 2 According to the catchment area of ​​the hydrological station, the catchment area of ​​the uncontrolled section is 42,800 km 2 , thus the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled area of ​​the reservoir in 2023 is 42.8 million tons.

[0070] Step 4: Based on the fixed section observation data at the beginning and end of 2023, calculate the erosion and siltation volume between two sections along the cascade reservoirs in 2023 as follows: Figure 5 Based on the observation data of bed sand dry bulk density, the dry bulk density of each section is interpolated, and the weighted calculation and summation are obtained to obtain the silt deposition of the cascade reservoirs in 2023, which is 50.65 million tons, the inflow of sand (including 1 tributary) is 4.47 million tons, and the outflow of sand is 1.91 million tons. The calculated inflow of sand in the uncontrolled interval is 48.09 million tons; compared with the annual sand volume in the uncontrolled interval calculated in step 3, the deviation is 12.4%, which does not exceed 30%. Therefore, the average inflow of sand in the uncontrolled interval of the reservoir in 2023 is 45.44 million tons.

[0071] The embodiment of the present application provides a comprehensive calculation system for the annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled area of ​​a reservoir with high sediment content, comprising:

[0072] Data collection module 1, used to collect reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data;

[0073] Trend and phase calculation module 2 is used to calculate the changing trend and phase of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval;

[0074] Annual sediment volume calculation module 3, used to calculate the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the change trend of the sediment transport modulus;

[0075] The annual sediment volume determination module 4 is used to calculate the sediment accumulation volume of the reservoir and comprehensively give the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval.

[0076] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by a processor, the steps of the method for comprehensive calculation of annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled interval of a high-sediment reservoir as described above are implemented.

[0077] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores program code. When the program code is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for quickly calculating the backflow water volume of a reservoir tributary as described above are implemented.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0079] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0080] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0081] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0082] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0083] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0084] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0085] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive calculation method for the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled area of ​​a sediment-rich reservoir, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Collect reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data; Step 2. Calculate and clarify the changing trend and stages of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval; Step 3. Calculate the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the change trend of the sediment transport modulus; Step 4. Calculate the sediment accumulation in the reservoir and give the annual sediment accumulation in the uncontrolled interval; The implementation of step 1 is as follows: Step 11. Collect observation data on annual runoff, sediment transport and rainfall at the hydrological control stations of the main and tributary rivers before and after the reservoir is filled with water; Step 12. Collect observation data on fixed sections and bed sand dry bulk density in the reservoir area after the reservoir is filled with water; The implementation of step 2 is as follows: Step 21. Calculate the annual runoff of the uncontrolled interval in the natural state before the reservoir is filled. The annual runoff of the uncontrolled interval is R w =R d -R u -∑R bi , R d and R u are the annual runoff of the outflow and inflow hydrological control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, R bi is the annual runoff of the tributary inflow hydrological control station with hydrological and sediment observation data in the interval, in units of billion m 3 , where the subscript i = 1, 2...n, n is the number of corresponding tributaries; Step 22. Calculate the annual sediment transport modulus of the uncontrolled interval under the natural state before the reservoir is filled with water, the annual sediment transport modulus S of the uncontrolled interval w =(Q sd -Q su -∑Q sbi ) / (A d -A u -∑A bi ), Q sd and Q su are the annual sediment transport of the outflow and inflow hydrological control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, Q sbi A is the annual sediment discharge of the tributary inflow hydrological control station with observation data in the interval, in units of 10,000 tons; d and A u are the catchment areas of the outflow and inflow control stations of the main stream of the reservoir, A bi The catchment area of ​​the tributary with observation data and the hydrological control station, in km 2 , where i = 1, 2...n, n is the number of tributaries with hydrological and sediment observation data in the reservoir area; Step 23. Based on the analysis of the changes in the sediment transport modulus over the years and the 5-year sliding mean, the development trend of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval is clarified, and the change stage of the annual sediment transport modulus is divided into a stable period, an increasing period or a decreasing period according to the development trend; The implementation of step 3 is as follows: Step 31. Establish the correlation between the annual runoff, rainfall and the sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval according to the stable period, increasing period and decreasing period of the annual sediment transport modulus change, and obtain the empirical relationship for calculating the sediment transport modulus based on the annual runoff and rainfall at different stages; Step 32. Calculate the interval annual runoff after the reservoir is filled with water, the interval annual runoff after the reservoir is filled with water R′ w =R d -R u -∑R bi +ΔR′, where ΔR′ is the annual storage variable of the reservoir, in units of 100 million m 3 , which can be found based on the annual storage capacity curve of the reservoir; Step 33. According to the empirical relationship of step 31, the annual sediment transport modulus is preliminarily calculated based on the runoff of the uncontrolled interval and the measured rainfall. If the sediment transport modulus shows a decreasing trend, the smaller value of the two calculation results is taken; if the sediment transport modulus shows an increasing trend, the larger value of the two calculation results is taken; if the sediment transport modulus shows a stable trend, the average value of the two is taken; Step 34. Calculate the annual sediment transport modulus W in the uncontrolled section of the reservoir based on the annual sediment transport modulus calculated above. s =S w *(A d -A u -∑A bi ).

2. The method for comprehensive calculation of annual sediment volume in uncontrolled intervals of sediment-rich reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The implementation of step 4 is as follows: Step 41. Based on the fixed section data, use the tank storage volume method to calculate the annual sediment deposition volume V between every two sections of the reservoir. j , the unit is ten thousand m 3 , the dry bulk density observation data of reservoir bed sand is generally less, so only representative sections with more obvious siltation are selected for observation. According to the fixed section spacing, the dry bulk density of the representative sections is linearly interpolated to obtain the dry bulk density of each section ρ j , unit is t / m 3 , calculate the average dry bulk density of the reservoir and the sediment deposition weight The unit is ten thousand tons, Cn is the number of fixed sections in the reservoir area; Step 42. According to the sediment accumulation of the reservoir, based on the sediment balance method, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is reversed, and the calculation formula is W s ′=W d +Q sd -Q su -∑Q sbi , the unit is ten thousand tons; Step 43. Verify and compare the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval. s and W s ′, if the deviation between the two does not exceed 30%, the average of the two is taken as the final annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval; if the deviation between the two is greater than 30%, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval is comprehensively given according to the change trend of the sediment transport modulus. In the increasing period, the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval = max(W s ,W s ′)×70%+min(W s ,W s ′)×30%; ​​during the reduction period, the amount of sediment coming from the uncontrolled interval = min(W s ,W s ′)×70%+max(W s ,W s ′)×30%; ​​in the stable period, directly take W s .

3. The method for comprehensive calculation of annual sediment volume in uncontrolled intervals of sediment-rich reservoirs according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The basic principle of calculating the amount of riverbed erosion and deposition using the tank storage volume method is as follows: The calculation is based on cross-section measurement data. According to the cross-section data of the background and sediment deposition status during the calculation period, the Calculate the cross-sectional area at a certain water level, where a i,j is the cross-sectional area of ​​the jth section at the ith measurement under a certain water level, △l k is the distance between the kth and k+1th measuring points on the cross section, npt is the number of measuring points on the cross section, According to the cross-sectional area, the channel volume at a certain water level can be calculated. The channel volume is calculated using the prism volume formula: Calculate, where V i is the river channel volume between the jth section and the j+1th section at the i-th measurement at a certain water level, △L j is the distance from the jth section to the j+1th section, ncs is the number of sections, According to the difference in the channel volume between two adjacent measurements, the scouring and silting volume within the time interval between the two measurements can be obtained as Where W i It is the amount of scouring and silting of the river channel in the interval from the i-th measurement to the i+1-th measurement. A value greater than 0 represents silting, and a value less than 0 represents scouring. ny is the number of measurements of the cross-section data.

4. A system for calculating the annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled area of ​​a reservoir with high sediment content, for implementing the method described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include, Data collection module, used to collect reservoir hydrological sediment and fixed section observation data; The trend and phase calculation module is used to calculate the changing trend and phase of the annual sediment transport modulus in the uncontrolled interval; Annual sediment volume calculation module, used to calculate the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval based on the change trend of the sediment transport modulus; The annual sediment volume determination module is used to calculate the sediment accumulation in the reservoir and comprehensively give the annual sediment volume in the uncontrolled interval.

5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by a processor, the steps of the method for comprehensive calculation of annual sediment volume in an uncontrolled interval of a sediment-rich reservoir as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

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