Impeller, mold and processing technology

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of impeller processing, and provides an impeller, a mold and a processing technology. The impeller includes a main shaft and a blade, a mounting groove is provided on the main shaft, the blade is embedded in the mounting groove, and the blade is welded and fixed to the mounting groove. A plurality of blades are distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the main shaft. The unfolded surface of the blade is a fan-shaped surface, having a first fan-shaped edge and a second fan-shaped edge, and the two ends of the first fan-shaped edge are respectively connected with a first straight edge and a second straight edge. The blade is processed by stamping and forming with a special mold. After the processing is completed, the first straight edge and the second straight edge are bent in opposite directions at one end away from the first fan-shaped edge, and the second fan-shaped edge opposite to the first fan-shaped edge is bent into a spatial curve with an angle with the first fan-shaped edge. The present application optimizes the fluid dynamics performance of the blade through the design of the blade shape, improves the working efficiency and manufacturing efficiency of the impeller, and solves the problems of high processing cost and long cycle existing in the current impeller using the integral processing method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of impeller processing, and in particular to an impeller, a mold and a processing technology. Background Art

[0002] In the field of environmental monitoring, especially in atmospheric environmental monitoring, high-altitude airflow sampling by aircraft is an important means of obtaining air quality data. However, due to the high flying speed of the aircraft, it is not efficient to directly collect pollutant particles in the airflow. To this end, a guide section can be set in the pod, and an impeller can be installed in the guide section. The airflow velocity in the pod can be adjusted by the impeller, so that the pollutant particles in the airflow stay in the pod for a longer time, which is convenient for sampling.

[0003] Regarding the impeller set in the guide section, in the traditional impeller processing technology, the overall processing method is usually adopted, that is, the entire impeller is processed as a whole. However, there are some problems with this processing method. First, the overall processing requires the use of high-precision processing equipment, such as a five-axis machining center, which leads to high processing costs and long processing cycles. Secondly, the overall processing has high requirements on the quality and size of the raw materials. Once the raw materials have defects or the size does not meet the requirements, the entire impeller may need to be reprocessed, resulting in waste. In addition, when the processed impeller is installed in the nacelle, a more complex mounting frame needs to be set up and fixed by bolts. On the one hand, it increases the weight of the nacelle. On the other hand, the operating space in the nacelle is limited, the assembly is inconvenient, and a long assembly time is required. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an impeller, a mold and a processing technology, which solves the problems of high processing cost and long cycle existing in the current integral processing method of the impeller through a new and efficient processing method, and facilitates the installation and fixation of the impeller by optimizing the impeller structure.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an impeller, comprising:

[0006] A main shaft, the main shaft comprising a front end, a column and a tail end; the front end and the tail end are respectively connected to two ends of the column, and a mounting groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the column;

[0007] The front end is conical, and includes a cone cap and a cone. The bottom surface of the cone cap is provided with a connecting column, and the connecting column is provided with an external thread. The top surface of the cone is provided with a cone threaded hole, and the connecting column is threadedly matched with the cone threaded hole.

[0008] The tail end is a truncated cone, a square socket is provided on the bottom surface of the tail end, a plane is provided on the circumference of the tail end, which is cut from the bottom surface to the top surface, and the length of the plane is 3 / 4 of the length of the tail end; two planes are arranged in parallel on both sides of the circumference of the tail end, and the planes are parallel to any inner surface of the square socket;

[0009] A blade, wherein the blade is a twisted curved surface, and the blade comprises a first curved edge, a first straight edge, a second straight edge, and a second curved edge connected in sequence;

[0010] The lengths of the first straight edge and the second straight edge are equal; the mounting groove corresponds to the position of the first curved edge, and the first curved edge is connected with the mounting groove in an inlay manner; taking the plane where the first straight edge and the main shaft axis are located as a reference plane, in the plane projection of the blade, the tangent direction angle θ of any point on the projection curve of the second curved edge is between 45° and 85°;

[0011] There are multiple blades and mounting grooves, and the multiple blades are evenly distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the main shaft, wherein the multiple first curved edges are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft, and the multiple second curved edges are evenly distributed on another cylindrical circumference with the main shaft as the axis;

[0012] The first straight line edges of the plurality of blades are all located in a first plane, the first plane is a plane perpendicular to the main axis, and the angles between adjacent first straight line edges are the same; the second straight line edges of the plurality of blades are all located in a second plane, the second plane is parallel to the first plane, and the angles between adjacent second straight line edges are the same; the projection straight line of the first straight line edge in the second plane is located between two adjacent second straight line edges, wherein one of the two adjacent second straight line edges is located on the same blade as the first straight line edge.

[0013] In a feasible implementation, the blade is a spatial curved surface formed by twisting a fan ring plane, the fan ring plane includes a first fan edge and a second fan edge, and the first fan edge is connected to a first straight edge and a second straight edge at two ends thereof.

[0014] In a feasible implementation, the length of the main shaft is 367 mm-400 mm, with a tolerance of ±5 mm, wherein the length of the column is 3 / 7-5 / 7 of the length of the main shaft.

[0015] In a feasible implementation, the diameter of the column is 30mm-40mm, the minimum thickness of the blade is 2mm, the width of the mounting groove reserves a 0.5mm mounting gap based on the blade thickness, and the minimum depth of the mounting groove is 2mm.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a mold, the mold is used to produce the blade, the mold comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, when the molds are closed, a processing area is formed between the upper mold and the lower mold, and the shape of the processing area is the same as the shape of the blade;

[0017] The processing area includes a first positioning line and a second positioning line. When the mold is closed, the first positioning line corresponds to the first sector edge, and the second positioning line corresponds to the first straight line edge.

[0018] In a feasible implementation, the upper mold includes an upper mold positioning platform, and the lower mold includes a lower mold positioning platform; the lower mold positioning platform includes a blade positioning pin, and the upper mold positioning platform is provided with a first countersunk hole corresponding to the position of the blade positioning pin, the aperture of the first countersunk hole matches the diameter of the blade positioning pin, and the depth of the first countersunk hole is greater than the length of the blade positioning pin.

[0019] In a feasible implementation, it also includes a guide pin; the lower mold positioning platform has a second countersunk hole, and the upper mold positioning platform has a through hole; when the upper mold and the lower mold are mated, the second countersunk hole coincides with the through hole, and the guide pin passes through the through hole and is connected to the second countersunk hole.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application provides an impeller processing technology for producing the impeller provided in the present application, and the impeller processing technology comprises the following steps:

[0021] Obtaining raw materials for manufacturing an impeller, the raw materials comprising a main shaft blank and a blade blank, the main shaft blank comprising a 30CrMnSiA bar stock; the blade blank comprising a 30CrMnSiA thin plate stock with process ears;

[0022] Using the above-mentioned die to perform a stamping operation on the blade blank to obtain a stamped blade blank;

[0023] The cutting equipment is used to cut and remove the process ears of the stamped blade blank to obtain the blade to be installed;

[0024] The spindle blank is processed by a CNC machining center to obtain a spindle to be installed;

[0025] The blades to be installed are assembled on the main shaft to be installed and fixed by welding to obtain the impeller.

[0026] In a feasible implementation, during the blade stamping process, the force applied by the press to the mold is at least 500 kg and maintained for 1 minute.

[0027] In a feasible implementation, after the blades are cut, assorted files are used to grind the blades to be installed to remove burrs.

[0028] The present application provides an impeller, a mold and a processing technology. The impeller includes a main shaft and blades. A mounting groove is provided on the main shaft. The blades are embedded in the mounting groove. The blades and the mounting groove are fixed by arc welding. A plurality of blades are distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the main shaft. The front end of the main shaft is conical, which reduces the resistance of the air and enables the airflow to smoothly enter the main shaft area. The tail end is a truncated cone that collides, so that the airflow gradually diffuses and reduces the vortex and turbulence caused by the sudden change of the airflow. The blade is a twisted curved surface. When the airflow flows through the blade, the flow rate of the airflow is reduced due to the blocking effect of the blade. The impeller provided by the present application has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The main shaft and the impeller can be processed separately, which is convenient for batch production and manufacturing, thereby improving production efficiency. The impeller blades are manufactured by a special mold, and the blades are standardized by stamping and forming, with high production efficiency. At the same time, this processing method can ensure that the shape of each impeller is consistent, and the force is balanced during the rotation process, so that the fluid dynamics performance of the blade is optimized, and the working efficiency of the impeller is improved. The present application solves the problems of high processing cost and long processing cycle existing in the current integral processing method of the impeller through a new and efficient processing method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impeller provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded state of the impeller main shaft and blades provided by the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the impeller main shaft structure provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the blade provided by the present application;

[0036] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the shape of the blade provided in this application from the first perspective;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the blade under the second viewing angle provided by the present application;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the impeller in the nacelle guide section;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the blade stamping die provided by the present application;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the upper die in the blade stamping die provided in the present application;

[0041] Fig.12 It is the impeller processing process flow chart provided in this application.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] Among them: 1-spindle; 11-mounting slot; 12-front end; 121-cone cap; 1211-connecting column; 122-cone; 1221-cone threaded hole; 13-column; 14-tail end; 141-square socket; 142-plane; 2-blade; 21-first curved edge; 211-first fan-shaped edge; 22-first straight edge; 23-second straight edge; 24-second curved edge; 241-second fan-shaped edge; 3 -upper mold; 31-upper mold positioning platform; 32-first countersunk hole; 33-through hole; 4-lower mold; 41-lower mold positioning platform; 42-blade positioning pin; 43-second countersunk hole; 44-first positioning line; 45-second positioning line; 5-process head; 51-positioning hole; 6-guide pin; 7-positioning platform; 71-square pin; 8-fixing rod; 81-through hole; a-air inlet section; b-flow guide section; c-equipment section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application to obtain other embodiments based on the several embodiments provided in the present application, and these embodiments do not exceed the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] In aircraft, a pod is usually a removable or fixed structure mounted under the fuselage or wings of the aircraft to accommodate specific equipment or systems. For example, some military aircraft have weapon pods mounted under the wings, while commercial aircraft may have engine pods or auxiliary unit pods.

[0047] When the aircraft is flying, it will generate a lot of airflow and vortex, which may have an adverse effect on the equipment inside the pod, such as affecting its normal operation or increasing wear. In addition, the pod itself will affect the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft, such as increasing flight resistance. By reasonably designing the guide section, the structure of the pod can be optimized, the resistance can be reduced, the airflow can be effectively guided and controlled, and its impact on the equipment can be reduced to adapt to different flight conditions.

[0048] In some fields, such as atmospheric environment monitoring, by sampling high-altitude airflow, the concentration, composition and distribution of pollutants in the atmosphere can be analyzed, thereby evaluating air quality, understanding the changing trend of the atmospheric environment, and providing a scientific basis for environmental protection and pollution control. When sampling high-altitude airflow, the high speed of the aircraft is not conducive to the collection of pollutants. Through the design of the guide section, the airflow velocity entering the sampling system can be reduced, thereby increasing the residence time and deposition efficiency of pollutants in the sampling equipment, making it easier for pollutant particles in the airflow to be captured or deposited on the sampling medium due to inertia. The decelerated airflow is more conducive to subsequent sample processing and analysis, providing a more reliable basis for atmospheric environment monitoring and environmental protection.

[0049] The pod guide section is installed between the air intake section and the sampling system. The purpose of reducing the airflow velocity can be achieved by installing an impeller in the pod guide section. The impeller is usually a static impeller. Compared with a rotating impeller, a static impeller does not rely on rotation to promote or mix the airflow, but guides and controls the flow of the airflow through a fixed blade structure. When high-altitude airflow sampling is performed, the airflow flows through the static impeller. Due to the blocking effect of the blades, the flow velocity of the airflow is reduced to meet the working requirements of the sampling system and improve the sampling effect. For a static impeller, the shape and arrangement of the impeller blades can affect the flow of the airflow. Therefore, the design and optimization of the blade shape and arrangement are important factors affecting the impeller performance.

[0050] In the present application, in the first aspect, an impeller is provided, which works in a stationary state, that is, the impeller does not rotate during operation. The impeller is installed in the guide section of the pod, which can reduce the flow rate of the gas in the pod. When high-altitude airflow sampling is performed, the flow rate of the airflow is reduced after passing through the impeller, so that the particles contained in the airflow stay in the pod for a longer time, which is conducive to the deposition of the particles and facilitates sampling. At the same time, the reduction in airflow velocity protects the equipment in the pod and prevents equipment wear or affects the performance of the equipment. Figure 1As shown, the impeller mainly includes a main shaft 1 and blades 2. The main shaft 1 includes a front end 12, a column 13 and a tail end 14. The front end 12 and the tail end 14 are respectively connected to the two ends of the column 13. The front end 12 is in the shape of a cone, and the bottom surface of the cone is connected to one end of the column 13. The tail end 14 is in the shape of a truncated cone, which includes a circular top surface and a circular bottom surface, and the circular top surface is connected to the other end of the column 13. Among them, the bottom surface diameter of the conical front end 12, the circular top surface diameter of the tail end 14 and the circular cross-sectional diameter of the column 13 are the same, and the diameter of the circular bottom surface of the tail end 14 is larger than the diameter of the circular top surface.

[0051] In this application, reference is made to Figure 2 As shown, the front end 12 of the main shaft 1 is designed to be conical, which can reduce air resistance and allow the airflow to smoothly enter the main shaft area. The tail end 14 is designed to be truncated cone-shaped, and the diameter of the circular bottom surface is larger than the diameter of the circular top surface. This structure allows the airflow to gradually diffuse when it flows out of the main shaft, reducing eddies and turbulence caused by sudden changes in the airflow. The main shaft 1, as the installation body of the blades, needs to have sufficient structural strength to ensure the reliability of the impeller structure.

[0052] In the processing of the spindle 1, the front end 12, the column 13 and the tail end 14 can be processed and manufactured separately, and then the two ends of the column 13 are welded to the front end 12 and the column 13 respectively by welding. The spindle 1 can also be processed in one piece by a CNC center. When the welding assembly method is adopted, the front end 12, the column 13 and the tail end 14 can be processed separately, so bars of different diameters can be selected as raw materials, while the one-piece molding processing method is adopted, and the selected bar needs to be the same as the maximum diameter. Compared with the two, the processing method of processing separately and then welding and assembling can avoid waste of materials and save production costs. In the one-piece molding processing method, since the overall structure of the spindle 1 is processed by the CNC center, no subsequent welding and assembly operations are required, which can improve production efficiency.

[0053] In this embodiment, as an example, the spindle 1 is integrally formed by a CNC center. The spindle bar material selected in this embodiment is a 30CrMnSiA bar material, the length of the bar material is 450mm, the diameter is 35mm, and the selected bar material should meet the requirements of the GB / T1220-1992 standard. During processing, the main body size is first processed by a CNC lathe. After processing, the length of the spindle 1 is 367mm, wherein the length of the cylinder 13 is 157mm or 262mm, and the length of the cylinder 13 can also be any length between 157mm and 262mm. In other embodiments, after processing, the length of the spindle is 400mm, wherein the length of the cylinder 13 is 171mm or 286mm, and the length of the cylinder 13 can also be any length between 171mm and 286mm. As an example, the length of the cylinder 13 is 207m.

[0054] After the main body size processing is completed, the installation groove 11, the frustum threaded hole 1221 and the plane 142 are opened on the circumference of the column 13 through the CNC four-axis machining center. The number of the installation grooves 11 should be the same as the number of the blades 2. The shape of the installation groove 11 should meet the installation requirements of the blades 2, so that the blades 2 can be firmly installed on the main shaft 1, and the blades 2 can be arranged according to the design plan to achieve the diversion effect.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, after the main structure of the spindle 1 is processed, the detailed structure of the spindle 1 is further processed, wherein the front end 12 of the spindle 1 is conical, and the front end 12 includes a cone cap 121 and a cone 122. A connecting column 1211 is provided at the bottom of the cone cap 121, and the peripheral surface of the connecting column 1211 is provided with an external thread. At the same time, a cone threaded hole 1221 is provided on the top surface of the cone 122, and the connecting column 1211 is threadedly connected with the cone threaded hole 1221. The tail end 14 of the spindle 1 is a truncated cone, and a square socket 141 is provided on the bottom surface of the truncated cone. At the same time, a plane 142 cut from the bottom surface to the top surface is provided on the peripheral surface of the tail end 14. The length of the plane 142 is 3 / 4 of the length of the tail end 14, and the number of the planes 142 is set to two, and the planes 142 are parallel to any inner surface in the square socket 141. Here, any inner surface can be understood as a square socket 141 that is a square countersunk groove extending from the bottom surface of the tail end 14 toward the column 13, and the groove contains four faces, which are referred to as the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side for ease of explanation, wherein the first side is parallel to the third side, and the second side is parallel to the fourth side. The plane 142 is parallel to any inner surface in the square socket 141, that is, the plane 142 can be parallel to the first side, in which case it is also parallel to the third side, and vice versa, and the plane 142 can also be parallel to the second side, in which case it is also parallel to the fourth side, and vice versa.

[0056] The impeller provided in the present application is connected and fixed via the main shaft 1 and the mounting structure in the guide section during installation. Fig. 9 As shown, the pod includes an air intake section a, a guide section b and an equipment section c. The airflow enters the pod from the air intake section a, passes through the guide section b and flows out from the rear end of the equipment section c. The impeller is installed in the guide section b. A filter structure is arranged between the guide section b and the equipment section c. A collecting box is arranged under the filter. When the airflow passes through the impeller, the flow velocity is controlled, the time the airflow stays in the guide section b is increased, the deposition time of the particles contained in the airflow is increased, more particles are attached to the filter, and under the action of their own gravity, they fall into the collecting box to complete the sampling.

[0057] An installation structure for connecting and fixing the impeller is provided between the guide section b and the equipment section c of the pod. Specifically, the installation structure includes a positioning platform 7 and a square pin 71 located on the positioning platform, wherein the positioning platform is an L-shaped structure, the positioning platform includes a vertical surface and a horizontal surface, the square pin 71 is located on the vertical surface of the positioning platform, and the shape of the square pin 71 is matched with the square socket 141. When connected and fixed, the square pin 71 is inserted into the square socket 141. At this time, the plane 142 is in contact with the horizontal surface of the positioning platform 7, and the horizontal surface of the positioning platform 7 supports the impeller. Furthermore, the impeller can be reinforced through the front end 12 of the main shaft. Specifically, a fixing rod 8 is set in the guide section. The fixing rod 8 can be installed at the top of the guide section and regarded as a "hanging rod", or it can be set at the bottom of the guide section and regarded as a "support rod". The fixing rod 8 is a sheet structure with a rectangular end section. A through hole 81 is opened on the fixing rod 8. After the fixing rod 8 is connected to the pod, the position of the through hole 81 is just aligned with the cone threaded hole 1221 on the main shaft 1. At this time, a standard bolt is used to pass through the through hole 81 and then threadedly connected with the cone threaded hole 1221, so that the fixing rod 8 can be connected to the front end of the main shaft 1. The fixing rod 8 can fix the front end of the impeller. This structural design ensures the reliability of the installation of the impeller in the pod. For sampling at low altitude and sampling equipment with slow flight speed, the impeller can be installed and fixed through the connection structure 14 of the tail end of the main shaft 1. In this case, there is no need to reinforce it with the fixing rod 8. At this time, the cone cap 121 of the front end 12 is screwed into the cone threaded hole 1221, which seals the cone threaded hole 1221 and prevents particulate matter from entering.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in the present application, the blade 2 is a twisted curved surface, and the blade 2 includes a first curved edge 21, a first straight edge 22, a second straight edge 23, and a second curved edge 24 that are connected in sequence. The lengths of the first straight edge 22 and the second straight edge 23 are equal, and the shape of the mounting groove 11 is consistent with the first curved edge 21. The mounting groove 11 needs to reserve a certain installation gap so that the first curved edge 21 can be smoothly embedded in the mounting groove 11. After the blade 2 is embedded in the mounting groove 11, the first straight edge 22 intersects with the main axis 1, and the plane where the two intersect is used as a reference plane. The projection of the blade 2 in the plane is an approximate fan-shaped structure, wherein the tangent direction angle θ of any point on the projection curve of the second curved edge 24 is 45°-85°, referring to Figure 8 As shown, the direction angle θ changes gradually along the second curved edge, and the direction angle θ is always within 45°-85°. It can also be understood that the direction angle θ increases successively from the intersection of the second straight edge 23 and the second curved edge 24 to the intersection of the first straight edge 22 and the second curved edge 24.

[0059] It should be noted that the definition of the tangent direction angle is: the tangent angle refers to the angle between the tangent reference direction at a point on the curve. Specifically, in the plane coordinate system, if the positive direction of the y-axis is taken as the reference direction, then the angle between the tangent direction at a point on the curve and the positive direction of the y-axis is the tangent angle. This angle describes the degree of deviation of the tangent direction relative to the reference direction.

[0060] In a static impeller, the shape and arrangement of the blades 2 have an important influence on the gas flow rate through the impeller. Therefore, the shape and arrangement of the blades 2 should be designed according to the specific application scenario and usage requirements of the impeller. The number of blades 2 can be set to multiple, and the multiple blades 2 are evenly distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the main shaft 1. At this time, the first curved edges 21 of the multiple blades 2 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft 1, and the second curved edges 24 of the multiple blades 2 are evenly distributed on another cylindrical circumference with the main shaft 1 as the axis, and the cross-sectional radius of the cylindrical circumference is equal to the length of the first straight edge 22 or the second straight edge 23. The first straight edges 22 of the multiple blades 2 are all located in a first plane, the first plane is a plane perpendicular to the main axis 1, and the angles between adjacent first straight edges 22 are the same; the second straight edges 23 of the multiple blades 2 are located in a second plane, the second plane is parallel to the first plane, and the angles between adjacent second straight edges 23 are the same; the projection straight line of the first straight edge 22 in the second plane is located between two adjacent second straight edges 23, wherein one of the two adjacent second straight edges 23 is located on the same blade 2 as the first straight edge 22.

[0061] In this embodiment, as an example, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when sampling the high-altitude airflow, the blades 2 are designed to be six, and the six blades 2 are arranged in an array along the circumferential surface of the main shaft 1. Correspondingly, the mounting grooves 11 are arranged in an array along the circumferential surface of the main shaft 1. When the blades 2 are embedded in the mounting grooves 11, the blades 2 are fixed to the main shaft 1 by manual arc welding. At this time, the installation gap reserved in the mounting grooves 11 is accumulated by solder, thereby enhancing the structural strength and ensuring the stability of the connection.

[0062] When the six blades 2 are welded and fixed to the main axis 1, the six first straight edges 22 are in the same plane, which will be referred to as the first plane for ease of description. The first plane where the six first straight edges 22 are located is perpendicular to the main axis 1, and at the same time, the angle between two adjacent first straight edges 22 is 60°. At this time, the six second straight edges 23 are also in the same plane, which will be referred to as the second plane. It can be seen from the above description that the first plane and the second plane are parallel to each other, and both are perpendicular to the main axis 1. Because one end of the six first straight edges 22 are connected to the main axis 1, and the angle between two adjacent first straight edges 22 is 60 degrees, and the lengths of the six first straight edges 22 are the same, therefore, in a circle with the first straight edge 22 as the radius, the projection point of the main axis 1 on the first plane can be regarded as the center of the circle. Similarly, the projection point of the main axis 1 in the second plane can be regarded as a circle with the second straight edge 23 as the radius. When the first straight edge 22 is projected onto the second plane, the projection line intersects the second straight edge 23 at the projection point of the principal axis 1 on the second plane. At this time, the angle between the projection line and the adjacent second straight edge 23 is 30°.

[0063] In this embodiment, as an example, the length of the main shaft 1 is 367mm-400mm, and the tolerance is ±5mm, wherein the length of the cylinder 13 is 3 / 7-5 / 7 of the length of the main shaft 1. The blades processed by the fan ring plane are installed in the cylinder 13, so the size of the fan ring plane should be set according to the length of the cylinder 13. The chord length of the first fan-shaped edge 211 of the fan ring plane should be less than the length of the cylinder 13. As an example, when the length of the cylinder 13 is 157mm or 262mm, the chord length of the first fan-shaped edge 211 can be set to 150mm or 255mm, when the length of the cylinder 13 is 171mm or 286mm, the chord length of the first fan-shaped edge 211 can be set to 164mm or 279mm, and when the length of the cylinder 13 is 207mm, the chord length of the first fan-shaped edge 211 can be set to 200mm, so that the processed blade 2 can be adapted to the main shaft 1.

[0064] The diameter of the column 13 can be set to 30mm-40mm, and the minimum thickness of the blade 2 is 2mm. Preferably, when the thickness of the blade 2 is 2mm, the width of the mounting groove 11 reserves a 0.5mm mounting gap based on the thickness of the blade 2, and the minimum depth of the mounting groove 11 is 2mm. It can be understood that when the thickness of the blade 2 is 2mm, the width of the mounting groove 11 is 2.5mm, and the depth of the mounting groove 11 is 2mm. The depth of the mounting groove 11 should ensure a stable connection of the blade 2 without destroying the structural strength of the main shaft 1. When the blade 2 is welded by manual arc welding, the electrode is TGS-308L, the diameter is 1.6mm, the preheating temperature is 200℃, and the current is 60A. Manual arc welding has the characteristics of high flexibility and can meet the welding requirements of impellers of different materials and shapes.

[0065] In some other embodiments, the selection of the diameter of the main shaft 1 and the depth of the installation groove 11 can be selected according to actual needs. The basis for this selection is the requirements of the sampling system for the gas flow rate, and the design of the blades and the main shaft based on this. When it is implemented, it is necessary to calculate and analyze the modeling software and simulation software to obtain the best parameter selection. It involves the processing process. It should be noted that the depth setting of the installation groove 11 should ensure that it does not affect the structural strength of the main shaft. During the use of the impeller, the overall structure should have stability and safety.

[0066] In order to deepen the understanding of the blade processing process used by the impeller in this application, the unfolded structure of the blade 2 is further described below, as follows:

[0067] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the unfolded surface of the blade 2 in the present application is a fan ring plane, that is, the blade 2 is formed by twisting the fan ring plane to form a first straight edge 22 and a second straight edge 23 at both ends of the first fan edge 211, and the first straight edge 22 and the second straight edge 23 are bent in opposite directions at one end away from the first fan edge 211, so that the second fan edge 241 is bent into a spatial curve with an angle with the first fan edge 211. Through the twisting operation, the fan ring plane is twisted into the spatial curved surface required by the blade 2. When the airflow flows through the curved surface, the flow velocity is reduced due to the blocking effect of the curved surface, and the irregular shape of the curved surface changes the flow direction of the airflow, making the airflow distribution more balanced, increasing the residence time and deposition efficiency of particles or pollutants in the airflow in the sampling system, making the particles in the airflow easier to be captured or deposited on the sampling medium, completing the sampling operation, and providing samples for subsequent processing and analysis.

[0068] In this embodiment, as an example, the blade 2 is made of 30CrMnSiA thin plate material, which meets the requirements of GB / T1220-1992. Figure 7 As shown, during processing, the thin sheet material is processed into Figure 4 The blade 2 has a fan-shaped shape as shown, and a process head 5 is added at the second fan-shaped edge 241 and the second straight edge 23, respectively, and a positioning hole 51 is set on the process head 5. It should be noted that the process head 5 and the positioning hole 51 play a positioning role during the processing, and can be removed by laser cutting after the blade 2 is processed.

[0069] It should be noted that the blade design parameters in this embodiment are based on the requirements of a specific sampling system and can be adaptively adjusted according to specific requirements in other systems.

[0070] It can be seen from the above features that the present application provides a static impeller design for installation in the guide section of the pod to reduce the flow velocity of the gas in the pod and protect the internal equipment. The impeller is mainly composed of a main shaft and blades. The main shaft adopts a conical front end and a truncated cone tail end design to reduce air resistance and optimize airflow distribution. The blade is a twisted curved surface, including curved edges and straight edges, and is fixed to the main shaft through a mounting groove. The design of the blade takes into account the airflow dynamics, so that the gas flow velocity flowing through the impeller is reduced and the flow direction is changed, thereby improving the capture efficiency and deposition efficiency of particulate matter.

[0071] The impeller provided by the present application has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The combination of the main shaft and the blades makes the overall structure of the impeller stable and easy to maintain. Since the main shaft and the blades are separate structures, they can be batch processed separately, which can improve production efficiency during large-scale production. For the processing of the main shaft, one-step forming can be achieved through a CNC machining center, and for the processing of the blades, stamping can be used. During the stamping process, a stamping die is required.

[0072] In a second aspect, the present application provides a mold for stamping the blade 2. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the mold includes an upper mold 3 and a lower mold 4. When the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 4 are molded together, a processing area is formed between the two. The shape of the processing area is the same as the shape of the blade 2. Figure 7 As shown, laser cutting is used to cut the blade 2 raw material into a fan ring plane. After the cutting is completed, the fan ring plane is placed on the lower mold 4, and then the upper mold 3 is placed on the lower mold 4 to complete the mold closing, and then downward pressure is applied to the upper mold 3, so that the fan ring plane is stamped and formed to obtain the blade 2. The stamping processing method makes the manufacture of the blade 2 more convenient and improves the production efficiency. In addition, through the precisely designed processing area, the production of the blade 2 is standardized, and the shape of each blade 2 is the same. During the rotation of the impeller, the blade is balanced, which better optimizes the performance of the impeller and improves the working efficiency of the impeller.

[0073] Furthermore, in order to ensure the accurate positioning of the fan ring plane in the processing area, a first positioning line 44 and a second positioning line 45 are set in the processing area. When the fan ring plane is processed, the first positioning line 44 coincides with the first fan-shaped edge 211 of the fan ring plane, and the second positioning line 45 coincides with the first straight edge 22 of the fan ring plane, so that the fan ring plane is accurately positioned. The setting of the first positioning line 44 and the second positioning line 45 can improve the processing accuracy of the blade 2, prevent processing errors due to misalignment, and cause waste of raw materials.

[0074] Further, see Fig.10 and Fig.11After the fan annular plane is positioned, in order to prevent it from moving, an upper mold positioning platform 31 is set on the upper mold 3, and at the same time, a lower mold positioning platform 41 is set on the lower mold 4. When the mold is closed, the top surface of the upper mold positioning platform 31 and the top surface of the lower mold positioning platform 41 are in contact with each other. At the same time, a blade positioning pin 42 is set on the top surface of the lower mold positioning platform 41, and a first countersunk hole 32 corresponding to the position of the blade positioning pin 42 is set on the top surface of the upper mold positioning platform 31. The aperture of the first countersunk hole 32 matches the diameter of the blade positioning pin 42, and the blade positioning pin 42 can be smoothly inserted into the first countersunk hole 32. At this time, the depth of the first countersunk hole 32 is greater than the length of the blade positioning pin 42, ensuring that the blade positioning pin 42 is fully inserted into the first countersunk hole 32, avoiding interference of the blade positioning pin 42 with the mold closing process.

[0075] When processing blades, refer to Figure 7 As shown, a process head 5 is respectively arranged at the second sector edge 241 and the second straight edge 23 of the fan ring plane, and a positioning hole 51 is opened on the process head 5, and the positioning hole 51 is sleeved on the blade positioning pin 42, so that the position of the fan ring plane is fixed. It should be noted that at this time, the projection of the first positioning line 44 on the fan ring plane coincides with the first sector edge 211 of the fan ring plane, and the projection of the second positioning line 45 on the fan ring plane coincides with the first straight edge 22 of the fan ring plane.

[0076] After the fan ring is placed on the plane, the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 4 are closed. At this time, the blade positioning pin 42 is inserted into the first countersunk hole 32, and the surface of the upper mold positioning platform 31 is in contact with the surface of the lower mold positioning platform 41. Through the arrangement of the positioning platform and the positioning pin, the blade can be accurately positioned during the processing, the operation process is simple, and the production efficiency is high.

[0077] After the mold is closed, the upper mold 3 is pressed by the press and maintained for a certain period of time to complete the stamping of the blade 2. As an example, in this embodiment, the pressure applied by the press to the upper mold 3 should be no less than 500 kg and maintained for at least one minute. In the process of the press applying pressure to the upper mold 3, in order to ensure the accuracy of the press, in some embodiments, a guide pin 6 is also provided. Specifically, a second countersunk hole 43 is provided on the lower mold positioning platform 41, and a through hole 33 is provided on the upper mold positioning platform 31. When the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 4 are aligned, the second countersunk hole 43 coincides with the through hole 33, and the guide pin 6 passes through the through hole 33 and is connected to the second countersunk hole 43. One end of the guide pin 6 passes through the surface of the upper mold 3, and the length of the guide pin 6 is at least 200 mm. When the press is in action, the guide pin 6 is used as a reference path, so as to ensure that the motion trajectory of the press does not deflect, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the blade. The setting of the guide pin makes the processing of the blade smoother. The press moves under the guidance of the guide pin, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the stroke, effectively preventing deflection during the pressing process, thereby avoiding damage to the blade.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the mold is made of 30CrMnSiA material heat-treated to HRC40, which ensures the surface size while also meeting the mold strength requirements. The two upper mold guide pins and two part locating pins are also made of 30CrMnSiA material heat-treated to HRC40. The implementation standard of the upper and lower mold materials is GB / T11251-2009, and the implementation standard of the guide pins and locating pins is GB / T3077-2015.

[0079] The mold provided in this application significantly improves the processing efficiency and precision of the blades through precise design and reasonable structural layout, reduces the processing cost, and provides an efficient and reliable solution for the manufacture of blades.

[0080] Thirdly, refer to Fig.12 As shown, the present application also provides an impeller processing process for producing the impeller provided in the present application, comprising the following steps:

[0081] S100: Incoming material inspection. Specifically, it includes obtaining raw materials for manufacturing impellers, including spindle blanks and blade blanks. The spindle blanks include 30CrMnSiA bar materials; the blade blanks include 30CrMnSiA thin plates with process ears, ensuring the high strength, high toughness and good wear resistance of the raw materials.

[0082] It should be noted that the raw materials used in the embodiments of the present application meet the requirements of GB / T1220-1992. When entering the factory, they need to be inspected, fully inspected by naked eye, and randomly inspected by non-destructive testing instruments to ensure that the raw materials meet the process requirements.

[0083] S200: Mold making. The mold is used for blade stamping, including the upper mold and the lower mold. The upper and lower molds have mating surfaces that match the shape of the blade. The mold is made of 30CrMnSiA that is heat-treated to HRC40 according to the GB / T11251-2009 standard. This ensures that the mold size is met while also meeting the mold strength requirements. The two upper mold guide pins and two part locating pins are also made of 30CrMnSiA that is heat-treated to HRC40 according to the GB / T3077-2015 standard.

[0084] S300: Blade processing: The blade blank is punched using the mold provided in the present application to obtain a punched blade blank.

[0085] After the raw materials are inspected and qualified, laser cutting is used to cut the thin sheets into Figure 6 The blade is formed into the shape shown in the figure, and then placed between the upper die and the lower die. The upper die applies 50 kg of pressure to the lower die under the action of the press and maintains it for 1 minute to complete the stamping of the blade. Through laser cutting technology, the blade blank is accurately cut and stamped into the required shape, ensuring the geometric accuracy and surface quality of the blade and reducing the workload of subsequent processing.

[0086] The blade blank after stamping is cut by cutting equipment to obtain the blade to be installed. During the blade stamping process, the press applies a force of at least 500 kg to the mold and maintains it for 1 minute. During the blade stamping process, ensuring sufficient pressure and holding time can ensure that the blade can be completely and accurately formed according to the shape of the mold.

[0087] After the blades are stamped, the semi-finished blades are marked along their contours, the process heads used for positioning during the stamping process are cut off, the burrs are removed with a wet wipe file, and the blades are polished with sandpaper. The surface quality and assembly accuracy of the blades are further improved through fine processing such as marking, cutting process heads, deburring and polishing, ensuring the overall aesthetics and durability of the impeller.

[0088] S400: Spindle processing. The spindle blank is processed by the CNC machining center to obtain the spindle to be installed. Using the CNC machining center to process the spindle blank not only improves the processing accuracy, but also realizes the efficient automation of the processing process and shortens the production cycle.

[0089] S500: Impeller assembly. Assemble the blades to be installed on the main shaft to be installed, and fix them by welding to obtain an impeller. This connection method can effectively prevent the blades from loosening and falling off during operation, thereby improving the safety of the impeller. The impeller can be welded by manual arc welding, and the welding rod is TGS-308L, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.6mm, the preheating temperature is 200℃, and the current is 60A. Manual arc welding has the characteristics of high flexibility and can adapt to the welding requirements of impellers of different materials and shapes. At the same time, by adjusting the welding parameters and selecting suitable welding materials, the impeller performance can be further optimized and customized. The parameter settings in this embodiment are only used as illustrative examples and can be adjusted according to the specific process scheme. The strength and sealing of the welding can be further guaranteed by setting appropriate preheating temperature and current.

[0090] The impeller processing technology provided in this application ensures the high quality and high performance of the impeller products through strict quality control, precise processing technology and reliable assembly process, and provides high-quality impeller products for related industries.

[0091] As can be seen from the above records, the present application provides an impeller, a mold and a processing technology, and the impeller is mainly composed of a main shaft and a plurality of blades. The main shaft is processed into a cylindrical shape with a mounting groove by a CNC lathe and a four-axis machining center. The size of the mounting groove matches the shape of the blade and is used to install and fix the blade. The blade is made of thin sheet material by laser cutting and stamping process. The blade has a special fan-shaped surface design. By bending the first straight edge and the second straight edge, the second fan-shaped edge forms a spatial curve with an angle, which optimizes the fluid mechanics performance of the blade. During the manufacturing process of the impeller, the main shaft and the blade are processed separately, and the blade is directly formed by a stamping die. The design of the die ensures the accuracy and consistency of the blade forming. The blade and the main shaft are fixed by mounting grooves and welding, which ensures the stability and reliability of the impeller structure. The impeller design is characterized by the precise matching and fixing method of the blade shape and the main shaft and the blade. This design improves the rotation efficiency and aerodynamic performance of the impeller, reduces the turbulence and noise of the airflow, and at the same time, the impeller has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and maintain, and is suitable for mass production.

[0092] The above specific implementation methods further explain in detail the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An impeller, which works in a stationary state and is used for regulating the airflow inside an aircraft nacelle, characterized in that: include: A main shaft (1), the main shaft (1) comprising a front end (12), a column (13) and a rear end (14); the front end (12) and the rear end (14) are respectively connected to two ends of the column (13), and a mounting groove (11) is provided on the circumferential surface of the column (13); The front end (12) is conical, and comprises a cone cap (121) and a cone (122). The bottom surface of the cone cap (121) is provided with a connecting column (1211), and the connecting column (1211) is provided with an external thread. The top surface of the cone (122) is provided with a cone threaded hole (1221), and the connecting column (1211) is threadedly matched with the cone threaded hole (1221). The tail end (14) is a truncated cone, the bottom surface of the tail end (14) is provided with a square socket (141), the circumference of the tail end (14) is provided with a plane (142) cut from the bottom surface to the top surface, the length of the plane (142) is 3 / 4 of the length of the tail end (14); two planes (142) are arranged in parallel on both sides of the circumference of the tail end (14), and the planes (142) are parallel to any inner surface of the square socket (141); A blade (2), wherein the blade (2) is a twisted curved surface, and the blade (2) comprises a first curved edge (21), a first straight edge (22), a second straight edge (23), and a second curved edge (24) which are connected in sequence; The lengths of the first straight edge (22) and the second straight edge (23) are equal; the mounting groove (11) corresponds to the position of the first curved edge (21), and the first curved edge (21) is connected to the mounting groove (11) by an inlay connection; taking the plane where the first straight edge (22) and the axis of the main shaft (1) are located as a reference plane, in the plane projection of the blade (2), the tangent direction angle θ of any point on the projection curve of the second curved edge (24) is between 45° and 85°; The number of the blades (2) and the mounting grooves (11) is plural, and the blades (2) are evenly distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the main shaft (1), wherein the first curved edges (21) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft (1), and the second curved edges (24) are evenly distributed on another cylindrical circumference with the main shaft (1) as the axis; The first straight line edges (22) of the plurality of blades (2) are all located in a first plane, the first plane is a plane perpendicular to the main axis (1), and the angles between adjacent first straight line edges (22) are the same; the second straight line edges (23) of the plurality of blades (2) are all located in a second plane, the second plane is parallel to the first plane, and the angles between adjacent second straight line edges (23) are the same; the projection straight line of the first straight line edge (22) in the second plane is located between two adjacent second straight line edges (23), wherein one of the two adjacent second straight line edges (23) is located on the same blade (2) as the first straight line edge (22).

2. The impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (2) is a spatial curved surface formed by twisting a fan ring plane, the fan ring plane comprising a first fan-shaped edge (211) and a second fan-shaped edge (241), and the first fan-shaped edge (211) is connected to a first straight edge (22) and a second straight edge (23) at two ends thereof.

3. The impeller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the main shaft (1) is 367 mm-400 mm, with a tolerance of ±5 mm, wherein the length of the column (13) is 3 / 7-5 / 7 of the length of the main shaft (1).

4. The impeller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the column (13) is 30 mm-40 mm, the minimum thickness of the blade (2) is 2 mm, the width of the installation groove (11) reserves a 0.5 mm installation gap based on the thickness of the blade (2), and the minimum depth of the installation groove (11) is 2 mm.

5. An impeller processing technology, characterized in that: The method for producing an impeller as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: Obtaining raw materials for manufacturing an impeller, the raw materials comprising a main shaft blank and a blade blank, the main shaft blank comprising a 30CrMnSiA bar stock; the blade blank comprising a 30CrMnSiA thin plate stock with a process head; Using a die to perform a stamping operation on the blade blank to obtain a stamped blade blank; The cutting equipment is used to cut and remove the process head of the stamped blade blank to obtain the blade to be installed; The spindle blank is processed by a CNC machining center to obtain a spindle to be installed; The blades to be installed are assembled on the main shaft to be installed and fixed by welding to obtain the impeller.

6. The impeller processing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the blade stamping process, the press applies a force of at least 500 kg to the die and maintains it for 1 minute.

7. The impeller processing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the blades are cut, use assorted files to grind the blades to be installed to remove burrs.

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