A kind of flow-through wave dissipation unit, flow-through wave dissipation dam, system and construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wave dissipation dam, and particularly relates to a flow-through wave dissipation unit, a flow-through wave dissipation dam, a system and a construction method. The flow-through wave dissipation unit comprises a first flow-through wave blocking assembly and a second flow-through wave blocking assembly. The first flow-through wave blocking assembly comprises a first wave blocking wall body and a first channel. The second flow-through wave blocking assembly comprises a second wave blocking wall body and a second channel. The first channel and the second channel are arranged in a staggered manner and are connected. At least one first wave blocking wall body is provided with a first concave part with an opening facing the second channel. The flow-through wave dissipation unit can not only make more water flow into the second channel to increase the flow-through effect, but also make the whole formed by the first flow-through wave blocking assembly and the second flow-through wave blocking assembly have a better effect of reflecting waves and consuming energy. The flow-through wave dissipation unit mainly comprises several wall bodies as main components, effectively reduces the cost, has a higher performance-price ratio, and is a more sustainable development technical solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wave-dissipating dam technology, and in particular to a permeable wave-dissipating unit, a permeable wave-dissipating dam, a system, and a construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, for offshore aquaculture (generally in water depths of 20-80m), reducing wave activity at the aquaculture site is a key research focus for those skilled in the art.

[0003] One publicly disclosed solution is to use floating breakwaters for wave dissipation. For example, the patent titled "Floating Breakwater and Wind Power Integration System for Deep-Sea Aquaculture" (Publication No.: CN208023503U) discloses a solution for using floating breakwaters for wave dissipation. However, because the breakwater sways significantly with the waves, it cannot achieve a good wave dissipation effect (only 30% to 40% wave dissipation effect). At the same time, since the breakwater floats on the sea surface, it cannot change the flow field in the area where the net cages are located (e.g., it cannot change the flow velocity in the area where the net cages are located). As a result, the current use of floating breakwaters in offshore aquaculture is not very effective.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, those skilled in the art have developed wave-dissipating dikes suitable for water depths of 20-80m to create calm sea areas suitable for aquaculture. For example, the patent titled "An Offshore Aquaculture System and Its Design Method" (Publication No.: CN115581212A) addresses these problems. It primarily utilizes a barrel-shaped foundation and fills it with material to achieve stability, resulting in strong resistance to wind and waves.

[0005] However, the cost of the above solutions became a key area for optimization that the R&D personnel considered in the future. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem of how to reduce the cost of cylindrical wave-dissipating dikes in the prior art, and to provide a permeable wave-dissipating unit, a permeable wave-dissipating dike, a system, and a construction method.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A flow-permeable wave-damping unit includes a primary flow-permeable wave-damping component and a secondary flow-permeable wave-damping component, wherein:

[0009] The primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component includes primary wave-blocking walls arranged at intervals, and the interval between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls is a primary channel;

[0010] The secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component includes secondary wave-blocking walls arranged at intervals, and the interval between adjacent secondary wave-blocking walls is a secondary channel;

[0011] The primary channel and the secondary channel are offset from each other and connected, and at least one of the primary wave-blocking walls has a primary recess with an opening facing the secondary channel.

[0012] The wave-dissipating unit described in this application uses a primary wave-dissipating component and a secondary wave-dissipating component to block waves, and simultaneously utilizes the interconnected primary and secondary channels to exchange water flow on both sides of the wave-dissipating unit.

[0013] When water flow and waves encounter the primary permeable wave-blocking component, some waves are canceled out by the primary wave-blocking wall, while others enter the primary channel with the water flow and reach the primary and secondary permeable wave-blocking components. Since the interval between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls is the primary channel, and the interval between adjacent secondary wave-blocking walls is the secondary channel, and these channels are staggered, the water flow and waves entering the primary channel are blocked by the secondary wave-blocking walls as they advance. Some waves are canceled out, while others change path with the water flow, spreading out along the channel formed between the primary and secondary permeable wave-blocking components towards both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall. Because the primary wave-blocking wall has a primary concave portion with an opening facing the secondary channel, when the water flow and waves encounter this concave portion along the channel between the primary and secondary permeable wave-blocking components, some waves are canceled out by the concave portion. Since the opening of the primary concave portion faces the secondary channel, it can capture more water flow into the secondary channel.

[0014] By setting the first-level concave section, not only can more water flow into the second-level channel be obtained to increase the flow permeability, but the overall structure formed by the first-level flow permeability and wave-blocking component and the second-level flow permeability and wave-blocking component can also have better wave reflection and energy dissipation effects.

[0015] Therefore, throughout the entire process described above, the permeable wave-damping unit can achieve better water exchange capacity on both sides, and the primary and secondary permeable wave-damping components can effectively weaken waves. At the same time, the secondary wave-damping wall and the primary concave part can reflect waves and thus dissipate energy. Their staggered arrangement with the primary and secondary channels forms an energy dissipation pool between the primary and secondary permeable wave-damping components, thereby reducing wave reflection. This not only effectively weakens waves but also reduces the force of waves on the permeable wave-damping unit, especially the force of waves on the primary permeable wave-damping component. As a result, the permeable wave-damping unit described in this application can meet the purpose of permeable wave-damping in marine environments with water depths of up to 80m.

[0016] Based on the above, the wave-dissipating unit described in this application mainly consists of several wall sections, including a primary wave-breaking wall and a secondary wave-breaking wall, as its main components. Compared with existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, it effectively reduces costs, has a higher cost-performance ratio, and is a more sustainable technical solution. Moreover, the number of adjustable structural parameters for different sea conditions is far greater than that of existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, thus better meeting the special needs under different working conditions and enabling it to have a better cost-performance ratio under corresponding working conditions.

[0017] Preferably, the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component are connected. This allows adjacent primary and secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking components to form a whole, thus meeting the requirements of the flow-permeable wave-damping unit to resist wave forces.

[0018] Preferably, the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component and / or the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component are integrally formed for easy installation.

[0019] Preferably, a first crossbeam is connected between the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly and the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly, and there are at least two first crossbeams, wherein adjacent first crossbeams are spaced apart.

[0020] Preferably, at least a portion of the first crossbeam is connected to the upper part of the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly.

[0021] Preferably, the primary and secondary channels are staggered, meaning that the projections of the primary channel onto the secondary channel do not intersect with the secondary channel along the direction from the primary to the secondary wave-damping assembly. This arrangement allows for better wave dissipation when water flows through the primary and secondary wave-damping assemblies.

[0022] Preferably, a primary protrusion is formed on the back side of the primary concave portion of the primary wave-blocking wall, and the primary protrusion protrudes from the primary channel in the direction from the secondary permeable wave-blocking assembly to the primary permeable wave-blocking assembly.

[0023] Preferably, a primary protrusion is formed on the back side of the primary concave portion of the primary wave-blocking wall; in the direction from the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly to the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly, both the primary concave portion and the primary protrusion protrude from the primary channel.

[0024] By setting a primary protrusion, more water flow is introduced into the primary channel. The relative positions of the first structural part, the primary protrusion, the primary channel, and the secondary channel reflect waves and dissipate energy. The design of the primary and secondary permeable wave-blocking components allows the waves to reciprocate and dissipate energy, thus reducing the total wave force and facilitating rapid construction.

[0025] Preferably, the primary wave-blocking wall is a plate structure.

[0026] Preferably, the primary wave-breaking wall includes a first plate and a second plate, which are connected to form the primary protrusion and the primary concave portion. An included angle A is formed between the first plate and the second plate, where 0° < A < 180°. The primary protrusion and the primary concave portion are formed by combining the first plate and the second plate, resulting in a simple overall structure, convenient construction, and effectively reduced construction costs.

[0027] Preferably, the included angle A between the first plate and the second plate is 90° < A < 150°.

[0028] Preferably, the primary wave-blocking wall includes a first arc-shaped plate, which forms the primary protrusion and the primary concave portion. The primary protrusion and concave portion are formed simply by using the first arc-shaped plate, resulting in a simple overall structure, convenient construction, and effectively reduced construction costs.

[0029] Preferably, a first connecting structure is provided between adjacent primary wave-breaking walls, and the first connecting structure is located at the top of the primary channel. The first connecting structure, installed above the high water level, acts as a wave-breaking plate, further reducing wave activity without affecting water flow exchange during normal operations in non-extreme weather. It also serves as a connection between the primary wave-breaking walls on both sides, enhancing the stability of the primary wave-breaking walls on both sides of the primary channel.

[0030] Preferably, a second connecting structure is also provided between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls, and the second connecting structure is located at the bottom of the primary channel.

[0031] Preferably, in the direction from the secondary wave-breaking component to the primary wave-breaking component, the secondary wave-breaking wall is correspondingly arranged to the primary channel; the primary wave-breaking wall is correspondingly arranged to the secondary channel.

[0032] Preferably, at least one of the secondary wave-breaking walls is a straight plate structure.

[0033] Preferably, the outer end of the secondary wave-blocking wall located at the end of the secondary wave-blocking component protrudes from the primary wave-blocking component.

[0034] The secondary wave-blocking wall located at the end of the secondary wave-blocking component is used to block the waves passing by the primary wave-blocking component on one side, thereby increasing the turbulence effect between the primary wave-blocking component and the secondary wave-blocking component.

[0035] Preferably, a third connecting structure is provided between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls, and the third connecting structure is located at the top of the secondary channel. The third connecting structure, installed above the high water level, acts as a wave-breaking plate, further reducing wave impact while not affecting water flow exchange during normal operation in non-extreme weather. It also serves as a connection between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls, enhancing their stability.

[0036] Preferably, a fourth connecting structure is provided between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls, and the fourth connecting structure is located at the bottom of the secondary channel.

[0037] Preferably, the flow-permeable wave-damping unit of this application further includes a three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component. The three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component is located on the side of the two-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component away from the first-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component. The three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component includes three-stage wave-blocking walls arranged at intervals. The interval between adjacent three-stage wave-blocking walls is a three-stage channel. The three-stage channel is staggered from the two-stage channel.

[0038] The wave-damping unit described in this application uses a primary wave-damping component, a secondary wave-damping component, and a tertiary wave-damping component to block waves. Simultaneously, the interconnected primary, secondary, and tertiary channels facilitate water flow exchange on both sides of the wave-damping unit.

[0039] Based on the primary and secondary wave-blocking components, when water flow and some waves enter the secondary channel, they will be blocked by the tertiary wave-blocking wall during their forward movement. Some waves will be offset by the tertiary wave-blocking wall, while others will change their path with the water flow, i.e., they will disperse to both sides of the tertiary wave-blocking wall along the channel formed between the secondary and tertiary wave-blocking components, thereby achieving a further wave-dissipating effect.

[0040] By staggering the primary and secondary channels, and by staggering the tertiary channel with the secondary channel, water flow exchange can occur on both sides of the wave-dissipating unit, and the wave-dissipating unit can effectively weaken waves. Furthermore, energy dissipation pools are formed between the primary and secondary wave-dissipating components, and between the secondary and tertiary wave-dissipating components, thereby reducing wave reflection. This not only effectively weakens waves but also reduces the force of waves on the wave-dissipating unit, especially on the primary and secondary wave-dissipating components. Therefore, the wave-dissipating unit described in this application can meet the purpose of wave dissipation in marine environments with water depths up to 80m.

[0041] The wave-dissipating unit described in this application mainly consists of several wall sections, including a primary wave-blocking wall, a secondary wave-blocking wall, and a tertiary wave-blocking wall. Compared with existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, it effectively reduces costs, has a higher cost-performance ratio, and is a more sustainable technical solution. Moreover, the number of adjustable structural parameters for different sea conditions is far greater than that of existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, thus better meeting the special needs under different working conditions and enabling it to have a better cost-performance ratio under corresponding working conditions.

[0042] Preferably, the tertiary flow-permeable wave-damping component and the secondary flow-permeable wave-damping component are connected. This allows the secondary and tertiary flow-permeable wave-damping components to form a whole, optimizing the stress on the secondary and tertiary flow-permeable wave-damping components, reducing their specifications, and lowering costs while meeting the requirements of the flow-permeable wave-damping unit to resist wave forces.

[0043] Preferably, the three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly and / or the two-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly are integrally formed for easy installation.

[0044] Preferably, a second crossbeam is connected between the third-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly and the second-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly, and there are at least two second crossbeams, wherein adjacent second crossbeams are spaced apart.

[0045] Preferably, at least a portion of the second crossbeam is connected to the upper part of the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly.

[0046] Preferably, a first crossbeam is connected between the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly and the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly, and the second crossbeam is arranged correspondingly to the first crossbeam.

[0047] Preferably, a fifth connecting structure is provided between adjacent three-stage wave-breaking walls. The fifth connecting structure is located at the top of the three-stage channel. The fifth connecting structure is set above the high water level as a wave-breaking plate to further reduce waves without affecting the water flow exchange during daily operation in non-extreme weather. It can also serve as a connection between the three-stage wave-breaking walls on both sides, thereby enhancing the stability of adjacent three-stage wave-breaking walls.

[0048] Preferably, a sixth connecting structure is provided between adjacent three-level wave-blocking walls, and the sixth connecting structure is located at the bottom of the three-level channel.

[0049] Preferably, the tertiary channel is staggered from the secondary channel. That is, in the direction from the tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly to the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly, the projection of the tertiary channel onto the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly does not intersect with the secondary channel. This arrangement allows for better wave dissipation when water flows through the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly.

[0050] Preferably, at least one of the three-stage wave-breaking walls is a plate structure.

[0051] Preferably, the three-stage wave-breaking wall is a straight plate structure.

[0052] Preferably, the three-stage wave-blocking wall has three levels of recessed portions along its thickness direction, and the openings of the three levels of recessed portions face the secondary channel.

[0053] The wave-dissipating unit described in this application, based on a primary wave-dissipating and secondary wave-dissipating component, when water flow and some waves enter the secondary channel, they are blocked by the tertiary concave portion during their forward movement. Some waves are reflected and canceled out by the tertiary concave portion, while some waves change their path with the water flow, that is, they disperse along the channel formed between the secondary and tertiary wave-dissipating components to both sides of the tertiary wave-dissipating wall, thereby achieving the effect of further reflecting waves and thus dissipating energy.

[0054] Moreover, after the water flow through the secondary channel encounters the tertiary concave part, it is diverted to both sides of the tertiary wave-breaking wall, distributing the wave force relatively evenly to both sides of the tertiary wave-breaking wall, thereby optimizing the stress on the primary, secondary, and tertiary wave-breaking walls.

[0055] Moreover, when waves or water flow reverses from the three-stage permeable wave-blocking component into the permeable wave-dissipating unit, the protrusion formed on the back side of the three-stage concave portion on the three-stage wave-blocking wall can also obtain more water flow into the secondary channel and the tertiary channel, thereby making the permeable wave-dissipating unit described in this application more conducive to the reciprocating exchange of water flow on both sides.

[0056] In this case, when the above scheme is used as a shielding structure as a wave-dissipating dam for a large marine ranch, after the wind-generated waves inside the marine ranch and the transmitted waves from the outside are transmitted to the far end, when they enter the wave-dissipating dam structural unit from the rear end of the wave-dissipating dam structural unit described in the above scheme at the far end, based on the same wave-dissipating energy dissipation mechanism, the wave-dissipating dam structural unit can effectively reduce wave reflection and greatly reduce or avoid the probability of waves resonating within the ranch.

[0057] Preferably, the three-level concave portions are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the two-level channels.

[0058] Preferably, the three-stage wave-blocking wall includes a fifth plate and a sixth plate connected to each other, the fifth plate and the sixth plate being connected to form the three-stage concave portion, and the fifth plate and the sixth plate having an included angle C, 0° < C < 180°.

[0059] Preferably, the included angle C between the fifth plate and the sixth plate is 90° < C < 150°.

[0060] Preferably, the three-stage wave-blocking wall includes a third arc-shaped plate, which forms the three-stage concave portion.

[0061] Preferably, the third-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component is higher than the second-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component.

[0062] Preferably, the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component is higher than the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component.

[0063] Preferably, the wave-permeable and wave-damping unit described in this application further includes a foundation, with the primary wave-permeable and wave-damping components and the secondary wave-permeable and wave-damping components connected to the upper part of the foundation. The lower foundation secures the wave-permeable and wave-damping unit to the seabed, lakebed, or riverbed, providing the foundational bearing capacity for the wave-permeable and wave-damping unit.

[0064] Preferably, the base is a plate structure.

[0065] Preferably, the foundation includes a cylindrical wall, and a top cover is provided on the top of the foundation. The top cover is connected to the cylindrical wall, and the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly are connected to the top cover.

[0066] Preferably, the bottom of the cylinder wall is open.

[0067] Preferably, the top cover is provided with an exhaust hole.

[0068] Preferably, the cylinder wall is provided with packing material, and the top cover and / or the cylinder wall is provided with a conveying channel for conveying the packing material to the foundation.

[0069] Preferably, a first rib is provided in the foundation, the first rib is connected to the cylinder wall, and the first rib is correspondingly provided with the flow-permeable and wave-blocking component.

[0070] Preferably, the foundation is further provided with a second rib, which is staggered with the first rib.

[0071] Preferably, the basic cross-section is rectangular, circular, elliptical, or rounded rectangular.

[0072] Preferably, on the same side of the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit, the distance between the end of the primary flow-permeable and wave-damping component and the end of the foundation on the same side is L1, and the distance between the end of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-damping component and the end of the foundation on the same side is L2, where L1 > L2.

[0073] Preferably, at least one end of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly is provided with an extension portion extending toward the outer side of the end of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly.

[0074] In general offshore construction conditions, multiple permeable wave-damping units need to be installed. In this case, there will be gaps between adjacent permeable wave-damping units, which will affect the wave-damping effect of the permeable wave-damping dike. Therefore, at least one end of the secondary permeable wave-damping component is provided with an extension extending outward toward the end of the secondary permeable wave-damping component, so that it can achieve a certain wave-damping effect on the water flow passing through the gap.

[0075] This application also discloses a permeable wave-dissipating dam, comprising at least two permeable wave-dissipating units as described in this application, wherein adjacent permeable wave-dissipating units are arranged along the length of the primary permeable wave-blocking component, and the bottom of the permeable wave-dissipating unit is fixed to the seabed or lakebed.

[0076] The permeable wave-dissipating dike described in this application includes at least two permeable wave-dissipating units as described in this application. The permeable wave-dissipating units are fixed to the seabed, lakebed, or riverbed by a lower foundation. Waves are blocked by two rows of spaced-apart permeable wave-blocking components. At the same time, water flow exchange is carried out on both sides of the permeable wave-dissipating units through channels. The channels of at least two rows of adjacent permeable wave-blocking components are staggered, which allows water flow exchange on both sides of the permeable wave-dissipating units and enables the permeable wave-dissipating units to effectively weaken waves. Based on the above, compared with the existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, the cost is effectively reduced.

[0077] Preferably, adjacent flow-through and wave-damping units are disconnected.

[0078] Preferably, the gap d1 between adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units is 0.5m≤d1≤1.5m.

[0079] Preferably, the bottom of the wave-dissipating unit is provided with a foundation, which is fixed to the seabed or lakebed. The ends of the primary wave-dissipating component and / or the ends of the secondary wave-dissipating component are provided with extensions, which protrude from the foundation along the arrangement direction of the adjacent wave-dissipating dam structural units.

[0080] In typical offshore construction conditions, multiple permeable wave-damping units need to be installed. In this case, there will be gaps between adjacent permeable wave-damping units, which will affect the wave-damping effect of the permeable wave-damping dike. Therefore, at least one end of the secondary permeable wave-damping component is provided with an extension extending outward toward the end of the secondary permeable wave-damping component. The extension protrudes from the foundation along the arrangement direction of the adjacent permeable wave-damping dike structural units so that it can achieve a certain wave-damping effect on the water flow passing through the gap.

[0081] Preferably, the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking components on adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units are correspondingly arranged.

[0082] Preferably, the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking components on adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units are correspondingly arranged.

[0083] This application also discloses a permeable wave-dissipating dike system, including a wave-dissipating structure that encloses an internal water area, and the wave-dissipating structure includes at least one section of the permeable wave-dissipating dike as described in this application.

[0084] This application also discloses a construction method for a permeable wave-damping unit as described in this application, comprising the following steps:

[0085] The construction of the permeable wave-damping unit;

[0086] Transport the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit to a position above the installation location;

[0087] The flow-permeable wave-damping unit is lowered and installed in the installation position.

[0088] Preferably, when the flow-permeable wave-damping unit has a foundation, it includes the following steps:

[0089] The superstructure and foundation are prefabricated separately, wherein the superstructure includes the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component;

[0090] Transport the superstructure and foundation to a position above the installation location;

[0091] The superstructure and foundation are separated and sunk, and then installed in their respective positions.

[0092] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0093] This application describes a wave-damping unit that uses a primary wave-damping component and a secondary wave-damping component to block waves. Simultaneously, it utilizes interconnected primary and secondary channels to exchange water flow on both sides of the unit. When water waves encounter the primary wave-damping component, some waves are neutralized by the primary wave-damping wall, while others enter the primary channel with the water flow and reach both the primary and secondary wave-damping components. At this point, since the interval between adjacent primary wave-damping walls is the primary channel, and the interval between adjacent secondary wave-damping walls is the secondary channel, the primary and secondary channels are misaligned. Therefore, the water flow and waves entering the primary channel are blocked by the secondary wave-blocking wall during their advance. Some waves are canceled out, while others change path with the water flow, spreading out to both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall along the channel formed between the primary and secondary wave-blocking components. Since the primary wave-blocking wall has a primary concave portion with an opening facing the secondary channel, when the water flow and waves encounter this concave portion along the channel, some waves are canceled out. The primary concave portion, with its opening facing the secondary channel, can capture more water flow into the secondary channel. By setting the primary concave portion, not only can more water flow be captured into the secondary channel to increase the permeability, but the overall effect of the primary and secondary wave-blocking components is also improved in terms of wave reflection and energy dissipation. Therefore, throughout the entire process described above, the permeable wave-dissipating unit achieves better water exchange capacity on both sides, effectively weakening waves through the primary and secondary permeable wave-dissipating components. Simultaneously, the secondary wave-dissipating wall and the primary concave portion reflect waves, thus dissipating energy. Their staggered arrangement with the primary and secondary channels creates an energy dissipation pool between the primary and secondary permeable wave-dissipating components, further reducing wave reflection. This not only effectively weakens waves but also reduces the force exerted by waves on the permeable wave-dissipating unit, especially on the primary permeable wave-dissipating component. This allows the permeable wave-dissipating unit described in this application to meet the purpose of permeable wave dissipation in marine environments with water depths up to 80m. Based on the above, the permeable wave-dissipating unit described in this application, primarily composed of several wall sections including primary and secondary wave-dissipating walls, effectively reduces costs compared to existing wave-dissipating dikes that are cylindrical from top to bottom, offering a more cost-effective and sustainable technical solution. Moreover, the number of adjustable structural parameters for different sea conditions is far greater than that of existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, thus better meeting the special needs under different working conditions and enabling them to have a better cost performance under corresponding working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0094] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to the present invention.

[0095] Figure 2 This is a left-side schematic diagram of a flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to the present invention.

[0096] Figure 3 Appendix to this invention Figure 2 Sectional view of AA.

[0097] Figure 4 Appendix to this invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB).

[0098] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the primary wave-blocking wall, the secondary wave-blocking wall, and the tertiary wave-blocking wall described in this invention (the secondary wave-blocking wall is a flat plate structure, and the tertiary wave-blocking wall protrudes in opposite directions from the primary wave-blocking wall).

[0099] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the primary wave-blocking wall, the secondary wave-blocking wall, and the tertiary wave-blocking wall described in this invention (the secondary and tertiary wave-blocking walls are flat plate structures, and the primary wave-blocking wall is an arc-shaped plate).

[0100] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the basis of the present invention.

[0101] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first plate and the second plate according to the present invention.

[0102] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fifth and sixth plates of the present invention.

[0103] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the basic cross-sectional shape of the present invention (10a: square; 10b: square with small rounded corners; 10c: square with large rounded corners; 10d: strip-shaped ellipse; 10e: circle).

[0104] Figure 11 This is a top view schematic diagram of a section of the permeable wave-dissipating embankment of the present invention.

[0105] Figure 12 Appendix of the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of section F in the middle.

[0106] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance between the ends of the primary and secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking components and the foundation boundary of the present invention.

[0107] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first-stage wave-blocking wall and the first base of the present invention.

[0108] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the secondary wave-blocking wall and the second base of the present invention.

[0109] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-stage wave-blocking wall and the third base of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0110] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0111] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0112] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0113] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," "third," etc. in terminology is merely for distinguishing identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0114] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0115] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0116] Example 1

[0117] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the flow-permeable wave-damping unit described in this embodiment includes a primary flow-permeable wave-damping component 21 and a secondary flow-permeable wave-damping component 22, wherein:

[0118] The primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 includes primary wave-blocking walls 5 arranged at intervals, and the interval between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls 5 is a primary channel 41;

[0119] The secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 includes secondary wave-blocking walls 6 arranged at intervals, and the interval between adjacent secondary wave-blocking walls 6 is a secondary channel 42;

[0120] The primary channel 41 and the secondary channel 42 are staggered but connected.

[0121] Furthermore, at least one of the primary wave-blocking walls 5 is provided with a primary recess 27 with an opening facing the secondary channel 42.

[0122] The wave-dissipating unit described in this application uses a primary wave-dissipating component 21 and a secondary wave-dissipating component 22 to block waves, and utilizes the interconnected primary channel 41 and secondary channel 42 to exchange water flow on both sides of the wave-dissipating unit.

[0123] When the water flow and waves encounter the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21, some waves are offset by the primary wave-blocking wall 5, while others enter the primary channel 41 with the water flow and reach the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22. At this point, since the interval between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls 5 is the primary channel 41, and the interval between adjacent secondary wave-blocking walls 6 is the secondary channel 42, and the primary channel 41 and secondary channel 42 are staggered, the water flow and waves entering the primary channel 41 will be blocked by the secondary wave-blocking wall 6 during their advance, and some waves will be offset. As the water flow changes its path, some waves disperse along the channel formed between the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22 towards both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall 6. At this time, since the primary wave-blocking wall 5 has a primary concave portion 27 with an opening facing the secondary channel 42, when the water flow and waves traveling along the channel between the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22 encounter the primary concave portion 27, some waves are canceled out by the primary concave portion 27. Since the primary concave portion 27 has an opening facing the secondary channel 42, it can capture more water flow into the secondary channel 42.

[0124] By setting the first-level concave portion 27, not only can more water flow into the second-level channel 42 be obtained to increase the flow permeability, but the overall structure formed by the first-level flow permeability and wave-blocking component 21 and the second-level flow permeability and wave-blocking component 22 can also have better wave reflection and energy dissipation effects.

[0125] Therefore, throughout the entire process described above, the permeable wave-damping unit can achieve better water exchange capacity on both sides, and the primary permeable wave-damping component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22 can effectively weaken waves. At the same time, the secondary wave-damping wall 6 and the primary concave portion 27 can reflect waves and thus dissipate energy. They are staggered with the primary channel 41 and the secondary channel 42, forming an energy dissipation pool between the primary permeable wave-damping component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22, thereby reducing wave reflection. This not only effectively weakens waves but also reduces the force of waves on the permeable wave-damping unit, especially the force of waves on the primary permeable wave-damping component 21. This allows the permeable wave-damping unit described in this application to meet the purpose of permeable wave-damping in marine environments with water depths of up to 80m.

[0126] Based on the above, the wave-dissipating unit described in this application mainly consists of several wall sections, including a primary wave-blocking wall 5 and a secondary wave-blocking wall 6, as its main components. Compared with existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, it effectively reduces costs, has a higher cost-performance ratio, and is a more sustainable technical solution. Moreover, the number of adjustable structural parameters for different sea conditions is far greater than that of existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, thus better meeting the special needs under different working conditions and enabling it to have a better cost-performance ratio under corresponding working conditions.

[0127] Moreover, after the water flow through the primary channel 41 encounters the secondary wave-blocking wall 6, it is diverted to both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall 6, distributing the wave force relatively evenly to both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall 6, thereby optimizing the stress on the primary wave-blocking wall 5 and the secondary wave-blocking wall 6.

[0128] The wave-damping unit described in this embodiment is mainly applicable to the most unfavorable operating conditions at sea during a 100-year return period [wave height 16m, period 13s] and below.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 are connected, thereby forming an integral unit with adjacent primary and secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking components 21 and 22. This optimizes the stress on the primary and secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking components 21 and 22, reduces their specifications, and lowers costs while meeting the requirements of the flow-permeable wave-damping unit to resist wave forces.

[0130] In a preferred embodiment, the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and / or the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 are integrally formed. For example, they are integrally cast from reinforced concrete for ease of installation.

[0131] In a preferred embodiment, a first crossbeam 15 is connected between the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 21 and the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 22. There are at least two first crossbeams 15, with adjacent first crossbeams 15 spaced apart. At least a portion of the first crossbeams 15 are connected to the upper part of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 22.

[0132] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the primary channel 41 and the secondary channel 42 are staggered, meaning that the projections of the primary channel 41 onto the secondary channel 42 in the direction from the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 to the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 do not intersect with the secondary channel 42. This arrangement allows for better wave dissipation when water flows through the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 to the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22.

[0133] Furthermore, in the flow-permeable wave-damping unit described in this embodiment, a primary channel 41 passes through the primary flow-permeable wave-damping component 21, a secondary channel 42 passes through the secondary flow-permeable wave-damping component 22, the secondary wave-damping wall 6 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the primary channel 41, and the primary wave-damping wall 5 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the secondary channel 42.

[0134] In a preferred embodiment, the primary concave portion 27 is correspondingly provided with the secondary channel 42. By providing the primary concave portion 27, not only can more water flow into the secondary channel 42 be obtained to increase the flow permeability, but the overall structure formed by the primary flow permeability and wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow permeability and wave-blocking component 22 can also have better wave reflection and energy dissipation effects.

[0135] A primary protrusion 7 is formed on the back side of the primary concave portion 27 on the primary wave-blocking wall 5; in the direction from the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly 22 to the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly 21, both the primary concave portion 27 and the primary protrusion 7 protrude from the primary channel 41.

[0136] By setting a primary protrusion 7, more water flow is introduced into the primary channel 41. The primary concave portion 27 is correspondingly set with the secondary channel 42. The relative positions of the primary concave portion 27, the primary protrusion 7, the primary channel 41, and the secondary channel 42 reflect waves and dissipate energy. The design of the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 allows the waves to reciprocate and dissipate energy, thus reducing the total wave force and facilitating rapid construction.

[0137] Specifically, in the direction from the secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22 to the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21, the primary protrusion 7 protrudes from the primary channel 41. The primary protrusion 7 helps to increase the normal flow resistance of the ocean current, thereby guiding more ocean current into the primary channel 41, so that good water exchange is formed on both sides of the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21.

[0138] The primary wave-blocking wall 5 is specifically a plate structure. The following are two further preferred embodiments of the primary wave-blocking wall 5:

[0139] Option 1: The primary wave-blocking wall 5 includes a first plate 17 and a second plate 18. The first plate 17 and the second plate 18 are connected to form the primary protrusion 7 and the primary concave portion 27. The primary protrusion 7 and the primary concave portion 27 can be formed by combining the first plate 17 and the second plate 18. The overall structure is simple, construction is convenient, and construction costs are effectively reduced. The first plate 17 and the second plate 18 have an included angle A, where 0° < A < 180°, preferably 90° < A < 150°.

[0140] Option 2: The surface of the primary protrusion 7 away from the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 includes a first arc surface. The first arc surface is preferably a cylindrical arc surface. Specifically, the primary wave-blocking wall 5 includes a first arc-shaped plate, which forms the primary protrusion 7 and the primary concave portion 27. The overall structure is simple, easy to construct, and effectively reduces construction costs.

[0141] The primary channel 41 is equipped with primary wave-blocking walls 5 on both sides, and a first connecting structure 11 connects the two primary wave-blocking walls 5. The first connecting structure 11 is located at the top of the primary channel 41. The first connecting structure 11, installed above the high water level, acts as a wave-blocking plate to further reduce waves without affecting the water flow exchange during daily operations in non-extreme weather. It also serves as a connection between the two primary wave-blocking walls 5, enhancing the stability of the primary wave-blocking walls 5 on both sides of the primary channel 41. The first connecting structure 11 is preferably a plate or a box.

[0142] A second connecting structure 12 is also connected between the two primary wave-blocking walls 5, and the second connecting structure 12 is located at the bottom of the primary channel 41. The second connecting structure 12 is preferably a plate or a box.

[0143] Along the direction from the secondary wave-blocking component 22 to the primary wave-blocking component 21, the secondary wave-blocking wall 6 is correspondingly arranged with the primary channel 41; the primary wave-blocking wall 5 is correspondingly arranged with the secondary channel 42.

[0144] At least one of the secondary wave-blocking walls 6 is specifically a plate structure, and more preferably a straight plate structure.

[0145] A third connecting structure 44 connects adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls 6, and the third connecting structure 44 is located at the top of the secondary channel 42. The third connecting structure 44, installed above the high water level, acts as a wave-breaking plate to further reduce wave impact while not affecting water flow exchange during normal operation in non-extreme weather. It also serves as a connection between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls 6, enhancing the stability of the third wave-breaking wall unit 37 and the secondary wave-breaking walls 6. The third connecting structure 44 is preferably a plate or a box.

[0146] A fourth connecting structure 45 is provided between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls 6, and the fourth connecting structure 45 is located at the bottom of the secondary channel 42. The fourth connecting structure 45 is preferably a plate or a box.

[0147] The secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 22 is higher than the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 21.

[0148] In a preferred embodiment, the flow-permeable wave-damping unit further includes a three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23. The three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23 is located on the side of the two-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 away from the first-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21. The three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23 includes three-stage wave-blocking walls 9 spaced apart. The interval between adjacent three-stage wave-blocking walls 9 is a three-stage channel 43. The three-stage channel 43 is staggered from the two-stage channel 42.

[0149] The wave-damping unit described in this embodiment uses a primary wave-damping component 21, a secondary wave-damping component 22, and a tertiary wave-damping component 23 to block waves. Simultaneously, the interconnected primary channel 41, secondary channel 42, and tertiary channel 43 facilitate water flow exchange on both sides of the wave-damping unit.

[0150] Based on the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22, when the water flow and some waves enter the secondary channel 42, they will be blocked by the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9 during their forward movement. Some waves will be offset by the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9, while some waves will change their path with the water flow, that is, they will disperse to both sides of the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9 along the channel formed between the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 and the tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23, thereby achieving a further wave-dissipating effect.

[0151] By staggering the primary channel 41 and the secondary channel 42, and by staggering the tertiary channel 43 with the secondary channel 42, water flow exchange can occur on both sides of the wave-dissipating unit, and the wave-dissipating unit can effectively weaken waves. Furthermore, energy dissipation pools are formed between the primary wave-dissipating component 21 and the secondary wave-dissipating component 22, and between the secondary wave-dissipating component 22 and the tertiary wave-dissipating component 23, thereby reducing wave reflection. This not only effectively weakens waves but also reduces the force of waves on the wave-dissipating unit, especially on the primary and secondary wave-dissipating components 21 and 22. Therefore, the wave-dissipating unit described in this application can meet the purpose of wave dissipation in marine environments with water depths up to 80m.

[0152] The wave-dissipating unit described in this application mainly consists of several walls, including a primary wave-blocking wall 5, a secondary wave-blocking wall 6, and a tertiary wave-blocking wall 9, as its main components. Compared with existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, it effectively reduces costs, has a higher cost-performance ratio, and is a more sustainable technical solution. Moreover, the number of adjustable structural parameters for different sea conditions is far greater than that of existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, thus better meeting the special needs under different working conditions and enabling it to have a better cost-performance ratio under corresponding working conditions.

[0153] Furthermore, after the water flow through the primary channel 41 encounters the secondary wave-blocking wall 6, it is diverted to both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall 6, distributing the wave force relatively evenly to both sides of the secondary wave-blocking wall 6. Most of the diverted water flow then encounters the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9 through the secondary channel 42, diverting again. After being diverted layer by layer, the wave force is distributed relatively evenly to the three rows of walls [primary permeable wave-blocking component 21, secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22, and tertiary permeable wave-blocking component 23], thereby optimizing the joint force distribution of the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21, secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22, and tertiary permeable wave-blocking component 23.

[0154] In a preferred embodiment, the three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23 and the two-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 are connected. This allows adjacent three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking components 23 and two-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking components 22 to form a whole, thereby meeting the requirements of the flow-permeable wave-damping unit to resist wave forces.

[0155] Specifically, the three-stage permeable wave-blocking component 23 and / or the two-stage permeable wave-blocking component 22 are integrally formed, for example, integrally cast reinforced concrete, to facilitate installation.

[0156] The tertiary channel 43 is staggered from the secondary channel 42. That is, in the direction along the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 22, the projection of the tertiary channel 43 onto the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 22 does not intersect with the secondary channel 42. This arrangement allows for better wave dissipation when water flows through the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 22.

[0157] The secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 is adjacent to and spaced apart from the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 by a tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23. The tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23 has a tertiary wave-blocking wall 9 and a tertiary channel 43. The tertiary wave-blocking wall 9 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the secondary channel 42. The tertiary channel 43 passes through the tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23 and is connected to the secondary channel 42. The tertiary channel 43 is staggered from the secondary channel 42. The tertiary wave-blocking wall 9 is provided on at least one side of the tertiary channel 43.

[0158] The three-stage wave-blocking wall 9 is provided with three levels of recessed portions 10 along its thickness direction, with the protruding side of each level of recessed portion 10 facing the secondary channel 42. The three levels of recessed portions 10 and the secondary channels 42 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0159] The three-stage wave-blocking wall 9 is specifically a plate structure. The following are two specific schemes for the three-stage wave-blocking wall 9:

[0160] Option 1: The three-stage wave-blocking wall 9 is a straight plate structure.

[0161] Option 2, the three-stage wave-blocking wall 9 includes a fifth plate 35 and a sixth plate 36 connected to each other. The fifth plate 35 and the sixth plate 36 are connected to form the three-stage concave portion 10. The fifth plate 35 and the sixth plate 36 have an included angle C, 0° < C < 180°, more preferably 90° < C < 150°.

[0162] Option 3, the three-stage wave-blocking wall 9 includes a third arc-shaped plate, which forms the three-stage concave portion 10.

[0163] In Schemes 2 and 3 above, the permeable wave-damping unit described in this embodiment, based on the primary permeable wave-damping component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22, when water flow and some waves enter the secondary channel 42, they will be blocked by the tertiary concave portion 10 during their forward movement. Some waves will be reflected and canceled by the tertiary concave portion 10, and some waves will change their path with the water flow, that is, they will disperse along the channel formed between the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22 and the tertiary permeable wave-damping component 23 to both sides of the tertiary wave-damping wall 9, thereby achieving the effect of further reflecting waves and thus consuming energy.

[0164] Moreover, after the water flow through the secondary channel 42 encounters the tertiary concave portion 10, it is diverted to both sides of the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9, distributing the wave force relatively evenly to both sides of the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9, thereby optimizing the stress on the primary wave-blocking wall 5, the secondary wave-blocking wall 6, and the tertiary wave-blocking wall 9.

[0165] In a preferred embodiment, a second crossbeam 46 connects the tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly 23 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly 22. There are at least two second crossbeams 46, with adjacent second crossbeams 46 spaced apart. At least a portion of the second crossbeams 46 are connected to the upper part of the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly 22.

[0166] In a preferred embodiment, at least one end of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 22 is provided with an extension portion 28 extending toward the outer side of the end of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 22. Generally, the extension portion 28 is located at the upper part of the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 22 and is mainly used for wave blocking.

[0167] In general offshore construction conditions, multiple permeable wave-damping units need to be installed. In this case, there will be gaps between adjacent permeable wave-damping units, which will affect the wave-damping effect of the permeable wave-damping dike. Therefore, at least one end of the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22 is provided with an extension 28 extending outward toward the end of the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22, so that it can achieve a certain wave-damping effect on the water flow passing through the gap.

[0168] In a preferred embodiment, a first crossbeam 15 is connected between the primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 21 and the secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly 22, and a second crossbeam 46 is correspondingly arranged with respect to the first crossbeam 15.

[0169] The three-tiered wave-breaking walls 9 consist of at least two sections. A three-tiered channel 43 is provided between adjacent sections 9, and a fifth connecting structure 47 connects adjacent sections 9. The fifth connecting structure 47 is located at the top of the three-tiered channel 43. The fifth connecting structure 47, installed above the high water level, acts as a wave-breaking plate, further reducing wave impact while not affecting water flow exchange during normal operations in non-extreme weather. It also serves as a connection between the two sections of the three-tiered wave-breaking walls 9, enhancing the stability of adjacent sections 9. The fifth connecting structure 47 is preferably a plate or a box-like structure.

[0170] In a preferred embodiment, the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 are connected by a top box, which can be equipped with a pedestrian passage or storage space, and can be used to block waves and prevent them from crossing.

[0171] In a preferred embodiment, a sixth connecting structure 48 is provided between adjacent three-stage wave-blocking walls 9, and the sixth connecting structure 48 is located at the bottom of the three-stage channel 43.

[0172] The sixth connecting structure 48 is preferably a plate or a box.

[0173] The third-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 23 is higher than the second-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22.

[0174] The beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0175] Wave-absorbing structure: The walls are staggered in a zigzag pattern with openings to form an energy dissipation pool. This reduces wave reflection and, consequently, the force exerted by waves on the structure.

[0176] Current-converging structure: The corrugated planar arrangement on the wave-facing side helps increase the normal flow resistance of the ocean current, thereby guiding more ocean currents in. In addition, sufficiently wide openings between the walls allow ocean currents to pass through, creating good water exchange between the front and back of the structure.

[0177] Uniform force distribution: The wave force is distributed relatively evenly among the three rows of walls through "diversion".

[0178] like Figure 14As shown, in a preferred embodiment: a first base 49 is provided at the bottom of the primary wave-damping wall 5. At least a portion of the first base 49 protrudes from the side of the primary wave-damping wall 5. The first base 49 is used to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom of the wave-damping component, thereby optimizing the stress on the bottom of the primary wave-damping wall 5. If the primary wave-damping wall 5 needs to be installed on the bottom foundation 3 without being prefabricated integrally with the bottom foundation 3, the first base 49 also makes it easier to construct the primary wave-damping wall 5 on the bottom foundation 3 later, and also optimizes the local load-bearing capacity of the bottom foundation 3. The first base 49 can be prefabricated integrally with the primary wave-damping wall 5, and is preferably a reinforced concrete component, preferably a plate or box girder component.

[0179] like Figure 15 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a second base 50 is provided at the bottom of the secondary wave-breaking wall 6, with at least a portion of the second base 50 protruding from the side of the secondary wave-breaking wall 6. The second base 50 is used to increase the cross-sectional area at the bottom of the secondary wave-breaking wall 6, thereby optimizing the stress on the bottom of the secondary wave-breaking wall 6. If the secondary wave-breaking wall 6 needs to be installed on the bottom foundation 3 without being prefabricated integrally with the bottom foundation 3, the second base 50 also makes it easier to construct the secondary wave-breaking wall 6 on the bottom foundation 3 later, and also optimizes the local load-bearing capacity of the bottom foundation 3. The second base 50 can be prefabricated integrally with the secondary wave-breaking wall 6, and is preferably a reinforced concrete component, preferably a plate or box girder component.

[0180] like Figure 16 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a third base 51 is provided at the bottom of the tertiary wave-breaking wall 9, and at least part of the third base 51 protrudes from the tertiary wave-breaking wall 9. The third base 51 is used to enlarge the cross-sectional area at the bottom of the secondary wave-breaking wall 6 to optimize the stress on the bottom of the tertiary wave-breaking wall 9. If the secondary wave-breaking wall 6 needs to be installed on the bottom foundation 3 without being prefabricated as a whole with the bottom foundation 3, the third base 51 can also make it easier to construct the tertiary wave-breaking wall 9 on the bottom foundation 3 later, and also optimize the local load-bearing capacity of the bottom foundation 3. The third base 51 can be prefabricated as a whole with the tertiary wave-breaking wall 9, and is preferably a reinforced concrete component, preferably a plate or box girder component.

[0181] Example 2

[0182] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the wave-dissipating unit described in this embodiment differs from that in Embodiment 1 in that it further includes a foundation 3, and the primary wave-dissipating component 21 and the secondary wave-dissipating component 22 are connected to the upper part of the foundation 3. The lower foundation 3 is used to fix the wave-dissipating unit on the seabed, lakebed, or riverbed, and the foundation 3 is used to provide the basic bearing capacity of the wave-dissipating unit.

[0183] The flow-permeable and wave-blocking components are generally arranged in 2-5 rows, preferably 3-4 rows. When there are 3 rows, they are respectively a primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 21, a secondary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 22, and a tertiary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 23.

[0184] The wave-damping unit described in this embodiment is suitable for the most unfavorable operating conditions at sea during a 100-year return period [wave height 16m, period 13s] and below.

[0185] The primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22 are integrally cast and precast with the foundation 3, and are preferably made of reinforced concrete.

[0186] When the three-stage permeable wave-blocking assembly 23 is present, the three-stage permeable wave-blocking assembly 23 is also connected to the upper part of the foundation 3. At this time, the first-stage permeable wave-blocking assembly 21, the second-stage permeable wave-blocking assembly 22, and the third-stage permeable wave-blocking assembly 23 are all integrally cast and precast with the foundation 3, and are preferably made of reinforced concrete.

[0187] The following are two preferred options for the aforementioned base 3:

[0188] Option 1, the foundation 3 is a plate structure.

[0189] Option 2: The foundation 3 includes a cylindrical wall 32, and a top cover 31 is provided on the top of the foundation 3. The top cover 31 is connected to the cylindrical wall 32, and the flow-permeable and wave-blocking assembly is connected to the top cover 31. The bottom of the cylindrical wall 32 is open.

[0190] Specifically, a first rib 13 is provided in the foundation 3, the first rib 13 is connected to the cylinder wall 32, the first rib 13 is correspondingly provided to the flow-through and wave-blocking assembly, and a second rib 14 is also provided in the foundation 3, the second rib 14 is alternately connected to the first rib 13.

[0191] Specifically, the foundation 3 is provided with at least two compartments, which can be formed by the second rib 14 and the first rib 13 intersecting.

[0192] Specifically, the cross-section of the foundation 3 is rectangular, circular, elliptical, or rounded rectangular.

[0193] The main purpose of using rounded chamfers at both ends of rectangular foundation 3 is to reduce stress. However, this complicates the construction process. For example... Figure 13 The dimensionless relationship between the length L, width W, and chamfer R is shown. The chamfer R shall not exceed half the length of the shorter side of the rectangle.

[0194] like Figure 13As shown, on the same side of the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit, the distance between the end of the first-stage flow-permeable and wave-damping component 21 and the end of the foundation 3 on the same side is L1, and the distance between the end of the second-stage flow-permeable and wave-damping component 22 and the end of the foundation 3 on the same side is L2, where L1 > L2 and L2 ≥ 0.

[0195] The primary flow-permeable and wave-blocking component 21 is located on the outermost side of all the flow-permeable and wave-blocking components.

[0196] The permeable wave-dissipating unit described in this embodiment has a lightweight structure. Compared with traditional vertical dikes, which are generally caissons, the structure above the foundation of the permeable wave-dissipating unit described in this embodiment mainly consists of several wall panels, which is a more cost-effective and sustainable solution.

[0197] In a preferred embodiment, when the foundation 3 is a cylindrical body, the top cover 31 is provided with an exhaust hole to facilitate the negative pressure sinking of the cylindrical body and to facilitate construction and installation.

[0198] In a preferred embodiment, the foundation 3 is provided with filler material, such as silt or medium-coarse sand. The top cover 31 or the cylinder wall 32 is provided with a conveying channel for filling the foundation 3 with filler material. One of the main purposes of the filler material is to reduce the accumulation of shear strain caused by cyclic loads generated in the soil under wave action.

[0199] Example 3

[0200] like Figures 1-13 As shown in the figure, the permeable wave-dissipating dam described in this embodiment includes at least two permeable wave-dissipating units as described in Embodiment 1 or 2. The permeable wave-dissipating components are arranged along the arrangement direction of adjacent permeable wave-dissipating units, and the bottom of the permeable wave-dissipating units is fixed to the seabed or lake bottom.

[0201] This embodiment of a permeable wave-dissipating dike includes at least two permeable wave-dissipating units as described in this application. The permeable wave-dissipating units are fixed to the seabed, lakebed, or riverbed by a lower foundation 3. Waves are blocked by two rows of spaced-apart permeable wave-blocking components. At the same time, water flow exchange is carried out on both sides of the permeable wave-dissipating units through channels 4. The channels 4 of at least two rows of adjacent permeable wave-blocking components are staggered, which allows water flow exchange on both sides of the permeable wave-dissipating units and enables the permeable wave-dissipating units to effectively weaken waves. Based on the above, compared with the existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, the cost is effectively reduced.

[0202] Furthermore, it includes at least three of the aforementioned flow-permeable and wave-damping units, all of which are arranged sequentially.

[0203] The adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units are disconnected, that is, the adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units are not connected, thereby avoiding mutual damage caused by the different settlement of the adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units.

[0204] like Figure 12 As shown, the gap d1 between adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units is 0.5m≤d1≤1.5m.

[0205] The wave-permeable and wave-blocking components on adjacent wave-permeable and wave-damping units are respectively arranged.

[0206] The adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units are separated, that is, the adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units are not connected, thereby avoiding mutual damage caused by the different settlement of the adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units.

[0207] Example 4

[0208] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the permeable wave-dissipating dike system described in this embodiment includes a wave-dissipating structure that encloses an internal water area. The wave-dissipating structure includes at least one section of the permeable wave-dissipating dike as described in this embodiment 8.

[0209] This embodiment of the permeable wave-dissipating dike system includes at least one section of the permeable wave-dissipating dike as described in this application. The permeable wave-dissipating unit is fixed to the seabed, lakebed, or riverbed through the lower foundation 3, and waves are blocked by the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22. At the same time, the water flow on both sides of the permeable wave-dissipating unit is exchanged by the interconnected primary channel 41 and secondary channel 42. By setting the primary concave part 27, not only can more water flow be introduced into the secondary channel 42 to increase the permeability, but the overall structure formed by the primary permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-blocking component 22 can also have better wave reflection and energy dissipation effects.

[0210] Therefore, throughout the entire process described above, the permeable wave-damping unit can achieve better water exchange capacity on both sides, and the primary permeable wave-damping component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22 can effectively weaken waves. At the same time, the secondary wave-damping wall 6 and the primary concave portion 27 can reflect waves and thus dissipate energy. They are staggered with the primary channel 41 and the secondary channel 42, forming an energy dissipation pool between the primary permeable wave-damping component 21 and the secondary permeable wave-damping component 22, thereby reducing wave reflection. This not only effectively weakens waves but also reduces the force of waves on the permeable wave-damping unit, especially the force of waves on the primary permeable wave-damping component 21. This allows the permeable wave-damping unit described in this application to meet the purpose of permeable wave-damping in marine environments with water depths of up to 80m.

[0211] Based on the above, the permeable wave-dissipating dike system described in this application mainly consists of several walls, including a primary wave-blocking wall 5 and a secondary wave-blocking wall 6, as its main components. Compared with existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, it effectively reduces costs, has a higher cost-performance ratio, and is a more sustainable technical solution. Moreover, the number of adjustable structural parameters for different sea conditions is far greater than that of existing wave-dissipating dikes that are all cylindrical from top to bottom, thus better meeting the special needs under different working conditions and enabling it to have a better cost-performance ratio under corresponding working conditions.

[0212] The permeable wave-dissipating breakwater system described in this embodiment is suitable for the most unfavorable marine conditions that occur once every 100 years [wave height 16.5m, period 13.5s] and below.

[0213] The internal water area is used to house at least one of the following: aquaculture cages, buildings, airports, oil storage facilities, and power plants.

[0214] Example 5

[0215] like Figures 1-13 As shown in this embodiment, a construction method for a permeable wave-dissipating dam as described in 1 or 2 includes the following steps:

[0216] The construction of the permeable wave-damping unit;

[0217] Transport the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit to a position above the installation location;

[0218] The flow-permeable wave-damping unit is lowered and installed in the installation position.

[0219] The wave-damping unit is prefabricated as a whole, floated as a whole (air flotation, i.e., reverse air extraction operation) or transported and sunk by a semi-submersible barge.

[0220] The following describes a separate prefabrication and installation method: When the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit has a foundation 3, it includes the following steps:

[0221] The superstructure and foundation 3 are prefabricated separately, wherein the superstructure includes the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 21 and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component 22;

[0222] Transport the superstructure and foundation 3 to the location above the installation position;

[0223] The superstructure and foundation 3 are separated and sunk, and then installed in their respective positions.

Claims

1. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit, characterized in that: It includes a primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21) and a secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22), wherein: The primary wave-blocking component (21) includes primary wave-blocking walls (5) spaced apart, and the interval between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls (5) is a primary channel (41). The secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) includes secondary wave-blocking walls (6) arranged at intervals, and the interval between adjacent secondary wave-blocking walls (6) is a secondary channel (42). The primary channel (41) and the secondary channel (42) are offset and connected, and at least one of the primary wave-blocking walls (5) has a primary recess (27) with an opening facing the secondary channel (42). A primary protrusion (7) is formed on the back side of the primary concave portion (27) on the primary wave-blocking wall (5). In the direction from the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (22) to the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (21), the primary protrusion (7) protrudes from the primary channel (41). Along the direction from the secondary wave-breaking assembly (22) to the primary wave-breaking assembly (21), the secondary wave-breaking wall (6) is correspondingly arranged with the primary channel (41); the primary wave-breaking wall (5) is correspondingly arranged with the secondary channel (42). It also includes a three-stage permeable wave-blocking component (23), which is located on the side of the two-stage permeable wave-blocking component (22) away from the first-stage permeable wave-blocking component (21). The three-stage permeable wave-blocking component (23) includes three-stage wave-blocking walls (9) spaced apart. The interval between adjacent three-stage wave-blocking walls (9) is a three-stage channel (43). The three-stage channel (43) is offset from the two-stage channel (42). The three-level wave-blocking wall (9) is provided with three-level concave portions (10) along the thickness direction, and the openings of the three-level concave portions (10) face the secondary channel (42). At least one end of the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (22) is provided with an extension (28) extending toward the outer side of the end of the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (22), and the extension (28) is located at a position slightly above the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (22). The primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21) and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) are connected, and the tertiary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (23) and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) are connected; A first connecting structure (11) is connected between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls (5), and the first connecting structure (11) is located at the top of the primary channel (41); And / or, A second connecting structure (12) is also connected between adjacent primary wave-blocking walls (5), and the second connecting structure (12) is located at the bottom of the primary channel (41); A third connecting structure (44) is provided between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls (6), and the third connecting structure (44) is located at the top of the secondary channel (42); And / or, A fourth connecting structure (45) is connected between adjacent secondary wave-breaking walls (6), and the fourth connecting structure (45) is located at the bottom of the secondary channel (42); A fifth connecting structure (47) is connected between adjacent three-level wave-blocking walls (9), and the fifth connecting structure (47) is located at the top of the three-level channel (43); And / or, A sixth connecting structure (48) is connected between adjacent three-level wave-blocking walls (9), and the sixth connecting structure (48) is located at the bottom of the three-level channel (43).

2. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21) and / or the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) are integrally formed.

3. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first crossbeam (15) is connected between the first-level flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21) and the second-level flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22). There are at least two first crossbeams (15), with adjacent first crossbeams (15) spaced apart.

4. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least part of the first crossbeam (15) is connected to the upper part of the secondary flow-through and wave-blocking assembly (22).

5. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the direction from the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (22) to the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking assembly (21), the primary recess (27) protrudes from the primary channel (41).

6. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary wave-blocking wall (5) is a plate structure.

7. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The primary wave-blocking wall (5) includes a first plate (17) and a second plate (18). The first plate (17) and the second plate (18) are connected to form the primary protrusion (7) and the primary concave portion (27). The first plate (17) and the second plate (18) have an included angle A, where 0° < A < 180°.

8. The wave-damping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angle A between the first plate (17) and the second plate (18) is 90° < A < 150°.

9. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary wave-blocking wall (5) includes a first arc-shaped plate, which forms the primary protrusion (7) and the primary concave portion (27).

10. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the secondary wave-blocking walls (6) is a straight plate structure.

11. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the secondary wave-blocking wall (6) located at the end of the secondary wave-blocking component protrudes from the primary wave-blocking component (21).

12. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component (23) and / or the two-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) are integrally formed.

13. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second crossbeam (46) connects the third-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component (23) and the second-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22). There are at least two second crossbeams (46), with adjacent second crossbeams (46) spaced apart.

14. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 13, characterized in that: At least part of the second crossbeam (46) is connected to the upper part of the secondary flow-through and wave-blocking assembly (22).

15. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 14, characterized in that: A first crossbeam (15) is connected between the first-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21) and the second-stage flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22), and the second crossbeam (46) is correspondingly arranged with the first crossbeam (15).

16. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the three-stage wave-blocking walls (9) is a plate structure.

17. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage wave-blocking wall (9) can also be a straight plate structure.

18. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-level concave portion (10) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the two-level channel (42).

19. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 16, characterized in that: The three-stage wave-blocking wall (9) includes a fifth plate (35) and a sixth plate (36) connected to each other. The fifth plate (35) and the sixth plate (36) are connected to form the three-stage concave portion (10). The fifth plate (35) and the sixth plate (36) have an included angle C, where 0° < C < 180°.

20. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 19, characterized in that: The included angle C between the fifth plate (35) and the sixth plate (36) is 90° < C < 150°.

21. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-stage wave-blocking wall (9) includes a third arc-shaped plate, which forms the three-stage concave portion (10).

22. The wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third-stage permeable wave-blocking component (23) is higher than the second-stage permeable wave-blocking component (22).

23. The flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) is higher than the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21).

24. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to any one of claims 1-23, characterized in that: It also includes a foundation (3), wherein the primary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (21) and the secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking component (22) are connected to the upper part of the foundation (3).

25. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 24, characterized in that: The foundation (3) is a plate structure.

26. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 24, characterized in that: The foundation (3) includes a cylindrical wall (32), and a top cover (31) is provided on the top of the foundation (3). The top cover (31) is connected to the cylindrical wall (32). The primary flow-through and wave-blocking assembly (21) and the secondary flow-through and wave-blocking assembly (22) are both connected to the top cover (31). The bottom of the cylindrical wall (32) is open.

27. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 26, characterized in that: The top cover (31) is provided with an exhaust hole.

28. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 26, characterized in that: The cylinder wall (32) is provided with filler, and the top cover (31) and / or the cylinder wall (32) are provided with a conveying channel for conveying the filler to the foundation (3).

29. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 26, characterized in that: The foundation (3) is provided with a first rib (13), which is connected to the cylinder wall (32). The first rib (13) is correspondingly provided with the flow-through and wave-blocking assembly.

30. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 29, characterized in that: The foundation (3) is also provided with a second rib (14), which is staggered with the first rib (13).

31. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 24, characterized in that: The cross-section of the foundation (3) is rectangular, circular, elliptical or rounded rectangle.

32. A flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 24, characterized in that: On the same side of the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit, the distance between the end of the first-level flow-permeable and wave-damping component (21) and the end of the foundation (3) on the same side is L1, and the distance between the end of the second-level flow-permeable and wave-damping component (22) and the end of the foundation (3) on the same side is L2, where L1 > L2.

33. A permeable and wave-dissipating dam, characterized in that: It includes at least two wave-dissipating units as described in any one of claims 1-32, with adjacent wave-dissipating units arranged along the length of the first-stage wave-dissipating component (21), and the bottom of each wave-dissipating unit being fixed to the seabed or lakebed.

34. A permeable wave-dissipating dam according to claim 33, characterized in that: The adjacent flow-through and wave-damping units are disconnected.

35. A permeable wave-dissipating dam according to claim 33, characterized in that: The gap d1 between adjacent flow-permeable and wave-damping units is 0.5m≤d1≤1.5m.

36. A permeable wave-dissipating dam according to claim 33, characterized in that: The bottom of the permeable wave-damping unit is provided with a foundation (3), which is fixed to the seabed or lake bottom. The end of the first-level permeable wave-damping component (21) and / or the end of the second-level permeable wave-damping component (22) are provided with an extension (28), which protrudes from the foundation (3) along the arrangement direction of the adjacent permeable wave-damping dike structural unit.

37. A permeable wave-dissipating dam according to claim 33, characterized in that: The first-level flow-permeable wave-blocking components (21) on adjacent flow-permeable wave-damping units are correspondingly provided; And / or, The secondary flow-permeable wave-blocking components (22) on adjacent flow-permeable wave-damping units are correspondingly provided.

38. A permeable wave-dissipating dam system, characterized in that: It includes a wave-dissipating structure that encloses an internal water area, and the wave-dissipating structure includes at least one section of a permeable wave-dissipating dike as described in any one of claims 33-37.

39. A construction method for a permeable wave-damping unit as described in any one of claims 1-32, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The construction of the permeable wave-damping unit; Transport the flow-permeable and wave-damping unit to a position above the installation location; The flow-permeable wave-damping unit is lowered and installed in the installation position.

40. A construction method for a flow-permeable wave-damping unit according to claim 39, characterized in that: The bottom of the wave-damping unit includes an upper structure and a foundation (3). The foundation (3) is fixed to the seabed or lake bottom. The upper structure is connected to the upper part of the foundation (3). The upper structure includes the first-level wave-damping component (21), the second-level wave-damping component (22), and the third-level wave-damping component (23). The construction method includes the following steps: The superstructure and foundation are prefabricated separately (3), wherein the superstructure includes the first-level flow-through and wave-blocking component (21), the second-level flow-through and wave-blocking component (22) and the third-level flow-through and wave-blocking component (23). Transport the superstructure and foundation (3) to the location above the installation position; The superstructure and foundation (3) are separated and sunk, and then installed in the installation position.

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