Wave energy efficient conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave gathering and control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wave energy power generation control, and provides a wave energy efficient conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave gathering and a control method, and the efficient conversion device comprises a first reflected wave adjusting structure, a second reflected wave adjusting structure and a rotation driving unit; the first reflected wave adjusting structure and the second reflected wave adjusting structure can independently rotate around respective rotating shafts, the radial distance between the rotating shafts and the fixed point position is kept unchanged, so that the orientation of the generated reflected wave is independently adjusted, and the fixed point position is located in a constructive interference area of the incident wave and the reflected wave; the rotation driving unit is used for driving the first reflected wave adjusting structure and the second reflected wave adjusting structure to rotate independently. According to the efficient conversion device and the control method, by dynamically adjusting the reflection angles of the two reflected waves, the fixed point position is always located in the constructive interference area of the waves, and efficient conversion of wave energy under various sea conditions is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wave energy power generation control technology, specifically, it provides a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device and control method based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing. Background Technology

[0002] A float-based oscillating wave energy generation system is a system that converts the kinetic energy of ocean waves into electrical energy. This system captures the up-and-down motion of waves using floats placed on the sea surface or in the water. A power take-off (PTO) unit converts the wave motion into mechanical motion, which is then output as electrical energy through a generator. In addition, the wave energy conversion device typically includes a control unit that adjusts parameters such as the stiffness and damping of the PTO based on real-time sea state information such as the incident wave frequency and amplitude, ensuring efficient energy conversion and safe operation of the equipment. Due to the high energy density and reliability of wave energy, and its theoretical reserves far exceeding global energy demand, wave energy has significant development value. By focusing incident waves in a specific area, wave energy density can be significantly increased, which is beneficial for improving wave energy generation power and reducing wave energy generation costs. To improve wave energy harvesting efficiency, wave energy conversion devices (or wave focusing devices) can be installed in the wave energy generation system. These devices work in conjunction with the float, using a specific wave focusing structure to guide incident waves towards the specific area where the float is located, thereby increasing wave energy density and enhancing the float's energy capture capability.

[0003] Currently, various wave-focusing structures have been proposed. For example, in the wave-focusing power generation device disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN109707555A, an arc-shaped wall for focusing energy is provided. The float of the power generation device is roughly located at the center of the arc-shaped wall. When the wave is incident in a direction parallel to the line connecting the center and the midpoint of the arc-shaped wall, the arc-shaped wall has the largest effective reflection area. If the wavelength of the incident wave is within a specific range at this time, the incident wave and the reflected wave will superimpose at the position of the float, thereby generating wave energy accumulation in the area where the float is located.

[0004] Obviously, when the wave incident direction changes, the effective reflection area of ​​the arc wall will decrease. In addition, even if the wave incident direction is suitable, the area of ​​incident-reflection superposition reinforcement will be different for waves of different wavelengths. Therefore, to ensure the energy-gathering effect of the buoy's location, it is necessary to first change the orientation of the arc wall and the horizontal position of the buoy according to the sea conditions, so that the opening of the arc wall always faces the direction of the incoming wave, and the line connecting the buoy and the midpoint of the arc wall is parallel to the direction of the incoming wave. In addition, it is necessary to change the distance of the buoy relative to the midpoint of the arc wall according to the wavelength of the wave, so that it is in the energy-gathering area corresponding to a specific wavelength.

[0005] However, for medium to large-sized buoy-based wave energy generation systems, the size and weight of the buoys are extremely large (e.g., reaching 10⁻¹⁰ to 10⁻¹⁰). 2 (At the ton level), if a horizontally movable buoy solution is adopted, an additional horizontal motion drive mechanism for the large buoy is required, such as a thruster and positioning system. This would significantly increase the complexity of the system's mechanical structure and operation. Furthermore, the anti-capsulation capability of the horizontally movable structure would decrease under extreme sea conditions, leading to a surge in construction and maintenance costs. Therefore, current mainstream large and medium-sized point absorption wave energy generation devices, such as the Ocean Power Technologies system and the Carnegie CETO underwater buoy system, all employ single-point mooring or a guide rail or slide bar fixed to the seabed at one end, restricting the buoy to only a single degree of vertical motion. Obviously, under this setup, existing wave energy focusing structures cannot ensure that the energy focusing area is precisely located at the fixed position of the large or medium-sized buoy when the wave incident direction and wavelength change. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing, including a first reflection wave adjustment structure, a second reflection wave adjustment structure, and a rotation drive unit; The first and second reflected wave adjustment structures can each rotate independently around their respective rotation axes that remain unchanged at a radial distance from the fixed position, so as to independently adjust the orientation of the generated reflected waves, so that the fixed position is in the constructive interference region of the incident wave and the reflected wave. The rotation drive unit is used to drive the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures to rotate independently.

[0007] Furthermore, the first reflected wave adjustment structure has a first reflecting surface for reflecting the incident wave, and the second reflected wave adjustment structure has a second reflecting surface for reflecting the incident wave. The rotation axes of the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures are perpendicular to the sea level.

[0008] Optionally, the first reflected wave adjustment structure and the second reflected wave adjustment structure have the same rotation axis or have different rotation axes; When the first and second reflective wave adjustment structures have the same rotation axis, the projection lines of the first and second reflective surfaces on the sea level are located on both sides of the line connecting the fixed point and the projection position of the same rotation axis of the two reflective wave adjustment structures on the sea level. When the first and second reflective wave adjustment structures have different rotation axes, a perpendicular line is drawn from the fixed position to the projection position of the respective rotation axes of the two reflective wave adjustment structures on the sea level. The projection lines of the first and second reflective surfaces on the sea level are located on both sides of the perpendicular line.

[0009] Optionally, the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are planar or curved surfaces.

[0010] Preferably, the radial length of the first reflecting surface is not less than the radial distance between the rotation axis of the first reflecting wave adjustment structure and the fixed position; The radial length of the second reflecting surface is not less than the radial distance between the rotation axis of the second reflecting wave adjustment structure and the fixed position.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the first reflective surface above sea level and the height below sea level are both greater than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum wave amplitude of the deployment area; The height of the second reflector above sea level and the height below sea level are both greater than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum wave amplitude of the deployment area.

[0012] Optionally, the rotary drive unit includes a first hydraulic transmission mechanism and a second hydraulic transmission mechanism; The first hydraulic transmission mechanism adjusts the angle of rotation of the first reflective wave adjustment structure around the rotation axis by adjusting the length of its telescopic hydraulic rod. The second hydraulic transmission mechanism adjusts the angle of rotation of the second reflective wave adjustment structure around the rotation axis by adjusting the length of its telescopic hydraulic rod.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a control method for controlling the aforementioned wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing, comprising the following steps: S1, obtain the incident angle and wavelength of the incident wave; S2, with the incident angle and wavelength of the incident wave as known conditions, search for each set of two-dimensional adjustment parameter combinations in the two-dimensional adjustment parameter search space to obtain the two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination that makes the wave energy focusing effect at the fixed position reach the maximum value under the known conditions, as the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination, wherein the two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination includes the first adjustment parameter and the second adjustment parameter. S3, adjust the first reflected wave adjustment structure and the second reflected wave adjustment structure based on the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination.

[0014] Preferably, the control method further includes the following steps: S4. Statistically analyze the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combinations under multiple combinations of incident angles and wavelengths, and establish a control strategy for a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing based on the statistical results.

[0015] Optionally, the control strategy is a two-dimensional adjustment parameter table, or based on the incident angle of the incident wave. and wavelength The function expression for the optimal adjustment parameter of the independent variable.

[0016] Preferably, the first adjustment parameter is the first rotation angle of the first reflected wave adjustment structure. The second adjustment parameter is the second rotation angle of the second reflected wave adjustment structure. The functional expression for the optimal adjustment parameter is: , in, for The optimal value, for The optimal value; or, The first adjustment parameter is the opening angle of the first reflecting surface of the first reflection wave adjustment structure and the second reflecting surface of the second reflection wave adjustment structure. The second adjustment parameter is the orientation angle of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. The functional expression for the optimal adjustment parameter is: , in, for The optimal value, for The optimal value.

[0017] The embodiments of this application provide a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device and control method based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing. It has a first reflection wave adjustment structure and a second reflection wave adjustment structure that can rotate independently around a rotation axis. It can independently adjust the angle of the reflected wave caused by the two reflectors according to the incident angle and wavelength (or frequency) of the incident wave. Through this dual-sided dynamic adjustment, the wave focusing and energy focusing effect at the fixed position of the float of the wave energy power generation device can be achieved under different sea conditions. It breaks the wave focusing limitation of the traditional single energy focusing structure, realizes full coverage adaptation to a wide range of incident angle-wavelength sea conditions, and achieves the effect of adjusting the wave constructive interference region (wave energy focusing region) of any incident wave angle and wavelength to a preset fixed position. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a wave velocity-enhanced wave-concentrating structure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how an existing wave-gathering structure induces a strong wave amplitude enhancement effect at the buoy's location under certain sea conditions. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows how the wave-gathering structure causes a weaker wave amplitude enhancement effect at the buoy's position under another sea state. Figure 4 To regulate Figure 2 The diagram shows the effect of the wave-focusing structure on reducing wave amplitude at the float's position. Figure 5 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the effect of the wave-gathering structure on reducing wave amplitude at the position of the position float under another sea state; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and layout of the wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of circle I in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of circle II in the middle; Figure 9 This is a front view of a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a top view of a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of a control method provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the parameter definitions provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the opening angle, orientation setting, and fixed-point energy focusing effect of the wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing provided in the embodiments of this application under a specific sea condition; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the opening angle, orientation setting, and fixed-point energy focusing effect of the wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing provided in the embodiments of this application under another specific sea condition; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the opening angle, orientation setting, and fixed-point energy focusing effect of the wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing provided in the embodiments of this application under another specific sea condition; Figure 16 A flowchart of a control method provided according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 17This is a top view of a reflected wave adjustment structure provided according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 18 This is a top view of a reflected wave adjustment structure provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0019] Numbers in the diagram First reflector 1, first reflective surface 11, projection line 111 of the first reflective surface 11 on sea level 8, fixed base 12, second reflector 2, second reflective surface 21, projection line 211 of the second reflective surface 21 on sea level 8, rotating shaft 31, rotating shaft 321, rotating shaft 322, connecting line 33, perpendicular line 34, rotating drive unit 4, first hydraulic transmission mechanism 41, first end 411, second end 412, second hydraulic transmission mechanism 42, float 5, slide bar 6, platform 7, base 71, sea level 8. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will now be further described based on preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product of this application is in use, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish different units, but these are not limited by the manufacturing order, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Their names may differ in the detailed description and claims of this application. In addition, for ease of understanding, various components in the drawings have been enlarged or reduced, but this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The vocabulary used in this specification is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application.

[0023] To clearly illustrate the improvements of the technical solution of this application compared with the prior art, we will first introduce the wave energy enhancement schemes in various current wave energy power generation systems.

[0024] Wave energy enhancement structures, or wave-focusing structures, are additional structures in various energy conversion systems that utilize wave energy for power generation. Their function is to amplify the wave energy of incident waves, thereby enhancing the conversion efficiency from wave energy to electrical energy. Since different wave energy power generation systems operate on different principles, the shape, installation method, and energy focusing principle of wave-focusing structures also vary accordingly.

[0025] Table 1 below schematically lists some of the application scenarios of existing wave-gathering structures and the principles of wave energy enhancement.

[0026] Table 1. Introduction to some wave-concentrating structures As shown in Table 1, current wave energy power generation systems mainly include: turbine-type and oscillating wing-type power generation systems that utilize the flowing impact force of ocean waves and tides, and float-oscillating wave energy power generation systems that utilize the vertical oscillation of floats. To enhance the power generation capacity of these various power generation systems, wave-focusing structures are correspondingly divided into two types: wave speed enhancement type and wave amplitude enhancement type.

[0027] Among them, wave velocity enhanced wave-concentrating structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, a flow channel is generally constructed using two or more flat plates. One end of the plate has a wider opening as the inlet, and the other end has a narrower opening as the outlet. The inlet is oriented towards the direction of the incoming flow, causing the ocean current to converge and accelerate within the channel, thereby increasing the impact speed on the turbine or oscillating wing and thus improving the power generation. For example, the above-mentioned flow channel structure for enhancing wave speed can be seen in the technical solutions disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN108518299A (a marine energy-concentrating power generation device), Chinese invention patent CN107120224A (high-efficiency energy-concentrating multi-channel wave, tide, ocean current, and wind power generation system), and Chinese utility model patent CN221423339U (a steerable oscillating wing power generation device and an anchored oscillating wing power generation system).

[0028] Amplitude-enhancing wave energy enhancement devices are applied to buoy-oscillating wave energy power generation systems. As described in the background art, buoy-oscillating power generation systems utilize buoys that can oscillate up and down to capture the energy of the waves' up-and-down movement. The PTO unit converts the wave energy into mechanical energy and drives a generator to generate electricity. Correspondingly, amplitude-enhancing wave energy enhancement devices reflect incident waves by setting arc-shaped or planar baffles along the wave propagation path. Since the amplitudes of the incident wave and the reflected wave are coherently enhanced at the same phase, the oscillation amplitude of the buoy at the amplitude enhancement point will also be correspondingly enhanced, thereby increasing the power generation capacity. For example, Chinese invention patent CN109707555A (a nearshore reflective wave energy-concentrating power generation device) discloses an energy-concentrating arc wall, which can increase the oscillation amplitude of the buoy by utilizing the converging effect of the reflected waves.

[0029] However, compared to wave velocity-enhanced current-gathering channels, wave amplitude-enhanced wave energy enhancement devices are subject to more constraints when used in conjunction with floats: (1) Since the amplitude enhancement device utilizes the phase interference principle of the reflected wave and the incident wave, after setting up an arc-shaped or planar reflection structure, the amplitude enhancement position (constructive interference) and the amplitude reduction position (destructive interference) in the interaction region of the incident wave and the reflected wave will appear alternately, and the position of appearance will change continuously with the change of the incident direction and wavelength of the wave.

[0030] For example, like Figure 2 The diagram shows a method that, through an energy-concentrating arc wall, can induce ideal constructive interference at the float position when the incident direction and wavelength of the incident wave are suitable, thereby significantly enhancing the wave amplitude and achieving a good energy-concentrating effect. However, when the direction of the incident wave changes, if the orientation of the energy-concentrating arc wall does not change, then as... Figure 3 As shown, some of the incident wave is blocked outside the arc-shaped wall, resulting in a reduction in the reflected wave component and a weakening of the wave amplitude enhancement effect at the float's location. If the energy-concentrating arc-shaped wall is configured to change according to the direction of the incident wave, then when its direction is adjusted to face the direction of the incident wave, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, this will cause the position of the amplitude enhancement to change accordingly, so that the fixed float may actually be in the amplitude reduction region.

[0031] Besides the possibility that a change in the incident wave direction could lead to a poor energy-gathering effect of the energy-gathering arc wall at the stationary float, a change in wavelength (or frequency) could also reduce the energy-gathering effect of the energy-gathering arc wall, such as... Figure 5 As shown, in the direction of the incident wave and Figure 2 Under the same conditions, when the wavelength changes, the incident wave and the reflected wave may undergo destructive interference at the fixed-point float, causing the wave amplitude at the location of the fixed-point float to decrease.

[0032] (2) Although it is possible to make the float adjustable in a horizontal position, in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The above method achieves wave amplitude enhancement at the location of the float, but this method requires additional horizontal motion drive mechanisms for the float, such as propellers and positioning systems. The mechanical structure and operation of the system become more complex, and the anti-capsulation capability of the horizontally movable structure decreases under extreme sea conditions, leading to a surge in construction and maintenance costs. Therefore, the method of adjusting the horizontal position of the float to ensure that it is always in the wave amplitude enhancement area is generally used in small float oscillating wave energy power generation devices.

[0033] (3) For medium and large float oscillating wave energy generation systems set up near the shore or near large fixed offshore platforms, the size and weight of the floats are extremely large (e.g., reaching 10 to 10). 2 (At the ton level), to ensure the safe operation of the system, single-point mooring or limiting the horizontal movement of the buoy by inserting one end into a guide rail or sliding bar fixed on the seabed is generally used, ensuring that it only makes vertical oscillating motion at a fixed point on the horizontal plane (such as the currently mainstream Ocean Power Technologies system, Carnegie CETO underwater buoy system, etc.). Obviously, through Figures 2 to 5 It is known that under this configuration, existing wave energy enhancement structures cannot ensure that the wave amplitude enhancement area is located at the fixed position of the large and medium-sized float when the wave incident direction and wavelength change. That is, existing wave energy enhancement structures designed for fixed-point floats can only enhance waves of certain directions and wavelengths at the fixed position of the float, which undoubtedly greatly limits the application of the equipment.

[0034] Therefore, for a buoy that is fixed in place and only oscillates vertically relative to the sea level, if we want to increase its oscillation amplitude under various sea conditions, the wave-collecting structure needs to have the ability to adjust the constructive interference position of the incident wave and the reflected wave to the fixed position of the buoy under various sea conditions.

[0035] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing. The device includes a first reflection wave adjustment structure and a second reflection wave adjustment structure. Both of these reflection wave adjustment structures are used to reflect the incident wave to generate a reflected wave. Furthermore, the first reflection wave adjustment structure and the second reflection wave adjustment structure can each rotate independently around their respective rotation axes. Therefore, the first reflection wave adjustment structure can independently adjust the orientation of the reflected wave it generates, and the second reflection wave adjustment structure can also independently adjust the orientation of the reflected wave it generates, thereby placing the fixed position of the float in the constructive interference region of the incident wave and the reflected wave.

[0036] Figure 6The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure and layout of the conversion device according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 7 , Figure 8 To each Figure 6 Circles I and II are enlarged for display. Figure 9 This is a front view of the conversion device. Figure 10 This is a top view of the conversion device. For the convenience of explaining the technical solution of this application, the sea level 8 is taken as the XY plane and the direction perpendicular to the sea level 8 is taken as the Z-axis direction.

[0037] like Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the first wave-reflection adjustment structure is constructed as a flat plate-shaped first reflector 1, with a portion of the first reflector 1 located below sea level 8 and the other portion above sea level 8; the second wave-reflection adjustment structure is also constructed as a flat plate-shaped second reflector 2, with a portion of the second reflector 2 located below sea level 8 and the other portion above sea level 8. In this application, the surface in the first wave-reflection adjustment structure that reflects the incident wave is referred to as the first reflecting surface 11, and the surface in the second wave-reflection adjustment structure that reflects the incident wave is referred to as the second reflecting surface 21. Obviously, for Figures 6 to 10 In the embodiment shown, both the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 21 are planar.

[0038] When a wave is incident on and reaches the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2, it is reflected on the first reflecting surface 11 of the first reflector 1 and the second reflecting surface 21 of the second reflector 2, respectively, and a corresponding reflected wave is generated. Since the reflected wave caused by these two reflecting surfaces has the same frequency as the incident wave, in the sea area between these two reflecting surfaces, the reflected wave and the incident wave will have alternating regions of constructive interference and destructive interference due to the interference effect of the waves. In each region of constructive interference, the amplitude of the wave's vertical motion (wave amplitude) becomes larger than that of the incident wave. Therefore, these regions of constructive interference are called wave energy focusing regions. Correspondingly, in those regions of destructive interference, the amplitude of the wave's vertical motion becomes smaller than that of the incident wave, or even no vertical motion occurs.

[0039] Furthermore, both the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 are capable of rotating about their respective axes of rotation, wherein... Figures 6 to 7 In the embodiment shown, the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 have the same rotation axis 31, that is, they rotate coaxially.

[0040] The axis of the rotating shaft 31 extends along the Z-axis (i.e., perpendicular to the sea level 8). In some optional embodiments, the rotating shaft 31 can be directly inserted into the seabed, or inserted into a base with a large mass such as cement or metal, and then the base is fixedly set on the seabed. The first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 31 through their respective bushings. Preferably, axial locking mechanisms that cooperate with each other are provided on the bushings of the two reflectors and on the rotating shaft 31. After the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 are installed on the rotating shaft 31 and adjusted to a suitable axial position, the two reflectors are axially locked by the axial locking mechanisms to ensure that when the two reflectors are in working condition, they can only rotate around the rotating shaft 31 and cannot be displaced axially.

[0041] Since the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 can each independently adjust their rotation angle around the rotation axis 31, the angle of the reflected wave caused by these two reflectors can be independently adjusted according to the incident angle and wavelength (or frequency) of the incident wave. This achieves the effect of adjusting the wave constructive interference region (wave energy focusing region) with any incident wave angle and wavelength to a preset fixed position. In the embodiments of this application, this preset fixed position refers to... Figure 6 as well as Figure 9 , Figure 10 The location of the middle float 5.

[0042] As mentioned earlier, float 5, as a key component of the oscillating wave energy power generation system, is used to capture the vertical motion of ocean waves. Figures 6 to 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the float 5 can be fitted onto the slide rod 6. The lower end of the slide rod 6 is also positioned relative to the seabed by inserting it into the seabed or into a base fixed to the seabed. The axis of the slide rod 6 extends along the Z-axis (i.e., perpendicular to the sea level 8), and its upper end extends above the sea level 8. In this way, the position of the float 5 in the XY plane is fixed, so it can only perform reciprocating oscillating motion along the Z-axis. Preferably, the slide rod 6 is provided with a limiting mechanism located below and / or above the sea level 8 to ensure that when the float 5 oscillates axially along the slide rod 6, its oscillation amplitude does not exceed the range that the power generation equipment (especially PTO) can withstand. It should be understood that, in addition to Figures 6 to 10 The method shown can also be achieved by using a chute, single-point mooring, or other methods to ensure that the float 5 moves along the Z-axis at a fixed position on the XY plane.

[0043] Without loss of generality, the fixed position of the float 5, that is, the projection position of the sliding rod 6 on the sea level 8, can be set as the origin of the XY plane. Its coordinates in the XY plane are Let the projection position of the rotation axis 31 on sea level 8 be a point on the XY plane. Obviously, since the rotation axis 31 is fixedly inserted into the seabed, the point... Similarly, it is a fixed point on the XY plane, i.e., a fixed position. The radial distance to the rotating shaft 31 is a constant.

[0044] Furthermore, the point can be With point The line connecting the two points is taken as the X-axis, and the direction perpendicular to both the X-axis and Z-axis is taken as the Y-axis direction. Obviously, since both the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 are around point 1... The rotation axis 31 rotates, therefore, in order to modulate the amplitude enhancement region to the point... The projection line 111 of the first reflecting surface 11 of the first reflector 1 on the sea level 8 and the projection line 211 of the second reflecting surface 21 of the second reflector 2 on the sea level 8 should be located at points respectively. With point The two sides of the line. Through this dual-sided dynamic adjustment, wave focusing and energy focusing effects can be achieved at fixed locations under different sea conditions, breaking the wave focusing limitations of traditional single energy focusing structures and achieving full coverage adaptation to a wide range of incident angle-wavelength sea conditions.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing further includes a rotary drive unit 4 for driving the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 to rotate independently. The rotary drive unit can be constructed using various drive devices known to those skilled in the art, for example, in... Figures 6 to 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the rotary drive unit 4 includes a first hydraulic transmission mechanism 41 and a second hydraulic transmission mechanism 42. The first hydraulic transmission mechanism 41 is composed of a telescopic hydraulic rod, with its first end 411 connected to a first reflected wave adjustment structure (i.e., Figures 6 to 10 In the embodiment shown, the first reflector 1) faces away from the second reflection wave adjustment structure (i.e. Figures 6 to 10 In the embodiment shown, the second reflector 2) has a fixed seat 12 hinged on one side, and the second end 412 is hinged to the base 71 fixed on the platform 7 (which may be a embankment or an offshore work platform, etc.). By adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil injected into the first hydraulic transmission mechanism 41, the length of its telescopic hydraulic rod can be changed, thereby adjusting the angle of rotation of the first reflector 2 around the rotation axis 31. The second hydraulic transmission mechanism 42 is also composed of a telescopic hydraulic rod. Its structure and connection with the second reflector 2 and the platform 7 can be referenced from the first hydraulic transmission mechanism 41. By adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil injected into the second hydraulic transmission mechanism 42, the length of its telescopic hydraulic rod can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the angle of rotation of the second reflector 2 around the rotation axis 31.

[0046] It is understood that in some other embodiments, those skilled in the art may also use other alternative structures to replace the hydraulic transmission mechanism to drive the rotation of the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2. For example, a foldable linkage structure may be used, and the rotation angle of the reflector may be changed by adjusting the degree of folding of the linkage.

[0047] The radial lengths of the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 21 can be determined based on the distance between the rotating shaft 31 and the fixed point where the float 5 is located (i.e., Figure 7 midpoint With point distance To ensure that the reflected wave caused by the reflectors can reach the point when the included angle between the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 is small... In some preferred embodiments, the radial length of the first reflector 1 is... radial length of the second reflector 2 All are not less than the radial distance between the rotation axis 31 and the fixed point where the float 5 is located. .

[0048] Furthermore, the first reflecting surface 11 is located at a height above sea level 8. and heights below sea level The second reflector 21 is located at a height above sea level 8. and heights below sea level The amplitude of the incident wave can be determined based on statistical data of the incident wave amplitude. For example, historical wave monitoring data of the area where the conversion device is deployed can be extracted to extract the maximum wave amplitude. ,but , , , Both can be set to greater than or equal to This ensures that incident waves of any amplitude can be effectively reflected.

[0049] Figure 11 The flowchart shown illustrates a control method according to some embodiments of this application, which is used to control the aforementioned wave energy conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing, so that when waves are incident at arbitrary incident angles and wavelengths, the fixed point where the float 5 is located... They are all located within a wave constructive interference region (energy-concentrating region). For example... Figure 10 As shown, the control method includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the incident angle and wavelength of the incident wave; Step S2: Using the incident angle and wavelength of the incident wave as known conditions, search for each set of two-dimensional adjustment parameter combinations in the two-dimensional adjustment parameter search space to obtain the two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination that makes the wave energy focusing effect at the fixed position reach the maximum value under the known conditions, which is the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination. The two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination includes a first adjustment parameter and a second adjustment parameter. Step S3: Adjust the first reflected wave adjustment structure and the second reflected wave adjustment structure based on the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination.

[0050] The following is based on Figures 6 to 10 Taking the plate-shaped reflected wave adjustment structure shown as an example, the specific implementation method of this control method will be explained in detail. In order to explain the implementation steps of this control method in detail, the parameters involved will be defined first. Figure 12 A schematic diagram illustrating, in a specific embodiment, the parameters of the incident wave, the first reflected wave conditioning structure, the second reflected wave conditioning structure, and the reflected wave are shown. Figure 12 As shown, taking sea level 8 as the XY plane, the angle between the projection line 111 of the first reflecting surface 11 of the first reflecting plate 1 on sea level 8 and the X-axis can be defined as the first rotation angle. The angle between the projection line 211 of the second reflecting surface 21 of the second reflecting plate 2 on the sea level 8 and the X-axis is defined as the second rotation angle. The angle between the projection line 111 of the first reflecting surface 11 on the sea level 8 and the projection line 211 of the second reflecting surface 21 on the sea level 8 is defined as the opening angle of the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 21. , open angle The angle between the angle bisector and the X-axis is defined as the orientation angle of the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 21. The angle between the incident direction of the wave and the X-axis is defined as the incident angle of the wave. .

[0051] It should be understood that, Figure 12 The coordinates and parameter definitions shown are only one optional implementation and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the above coordinate system, parameter definitions, etc., according to the needs of the calculation method. The reference selected for different parameter definitions can be the same or different. For example, the positive X-axis direction can be uniformly used as the reference, and the angle between a certain direction and the positive X-axis direction along a clockwise direction can be used as the angle of that direction. Furthermore, for ease of description, it can also be like... Figure 11 As shown, the positive X-axis direction is used as the defined wave incident angle. The reference is to define the first rotation angle using the negative X-axis direction. Second rotation angle The parameters are defined using references of equal parameters, and the angles of rotation clockwise and counterclockwise along the negative X-axis are used as parameter values, respectively. Clearly, the different definitions above are merely for convenience and do not substantially change the interference pattern between the incident and reflected waves.

[0052] In establishing Figure 11 Based on the parameter definition method shown, the conversion device provided in this application can adjust the constructive interference region (wave energy focusing region) of waves with arbitrary incident angles and wavelengths to a preset fixed position. This should be understood according to the conditions of engineering feasibility, that is, arbitrary incident angle refers to the direction relative to the positive X-axis. It is between -90° and 90°.

[0053] As described above, the incident wave that causes the float 5 to oscillate can be determined by the incident angle of the incident wave. and wavelength Describing its direction and oscillation characteristics, it is clear that for any set of... With the first reflected wave modulation structure (i.e. Figure 6 , Figure 7 The first rotation angle of the first reflector 1) in the embodiment shown As the angle between the reflected wave and the X-axis changes, the angle between the reflected wave and the X-axis caused by the first reflection adjustment structure can be defined as the first reflection angle. Similarly, with the second reflected wave modulation structure (i.e. Figure 6 , Figure 7 The first reflector 1) in the embodiment shown has a second rotation angle. As the angle between the reflected wave and the X-axis changes, the angle between the reflected wave and the X-axis caused by the second reflection adjustment structure can be defined as the second reflection angle. .

[0054] It can be seen that, fixed point The wave amplitude at a certain point, or in other words, the fixed point The magnitude of the wave energy at a given location is determined by the relevant parameters of the incident wave. , And the rotation angle parameters of the two reflected wave adjustment structures. , This decision was made jointly, taking into account that during the actual operation of float 5, the ocean waves always have a certain combination of incident wave parameters. , Incident, i.e., the combination of incident wave parameters , It can only be obtained through measurement and cannot be actively adjusted; therefore, in the case of , Given the given conditions, point The wave energy focusing effect at a certain point can be expressed as: , The form of a two-dimensional function: (1).

[0055] (1) In the formula, Indicates the angle of incidence as , wavelength is The incident wave at point The energy focusing effect at a point can be characterized using methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by means of a point. Amplitude at Amplitude of the incident wave The absolute value of the ratio measures the wave energy concentration effect at that location, that is... , Under the conditions As Alternatively, other measurable points can be used. The amount of wave energy at a given location is used as... .

[0056] because The magnitude is determined by the interference of the incident wave and the two reflected waves; therefore, it can be determined based on the incident angle of the incident wave. and the rotation angle of the two reflectors and This allows us to easily obtain the reflection angles of the two reflected waves. , Thus determining the arrival The propagation distances of the two reflected waves at point A can be used to determine the arrival point. The phase difference between the two reflected waves and the incident wave at this point is calculated based on the wave interference. The value. For example, when using points Amplitude at As hour, In essence, it is caused by the incident wave at a point. Vertical oscillation displacement at the location ,according to The first reflected wave is determined at point Vertical oscillation displacement at the location ,according to The determined second reflected wave at point Vertical oscillation displacement at the location The amplitude of the vertical oscillation displacement obtained by the superposition and interference of these three factors.

[0057] Therefore, it can be seen that when the first rotation angle of the structure is adjusted by the first reflected wave... As the first adjustment parameter, the second rotation angle of the second reflected wave adjustment structure is used. When used as the second adjustment parameter, the implementation process of step S2 is based on... , As a known condition, traverse For each possible combination of values, calculate its corresponding energy-concentrating effect, and select from them. maximum value The corresponding combination of values, as in , Optimal combination of two-dimensional adjustment parameters under the given conditions .

[0058] In some alternative embodiments, the opening angle of the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 21 in the conversion device may also be adjusted. As the first adjustment parameter, the orientation angle of the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 21 is used. As the second adjustment parameter, the point Energy focusing effect at the location The expression is in the form of a two-dimensional function as shown in equation (2): (2).

[0059] Obviously, for each group The combination can be performed using the same method as above, calculating the points where the two reflected waves and the incident wave meet. The superposition interference results at the location. Therefore, the implementation process of step S2 can also be based on... , As a known condition, traverse For each possible combination of values, calculate its corresponding energy-concentrating effect, and select from them. maximum value The corresponding combination of values, as in , Optimal combination of two-dimensional adjustment parameters under the given conditions .

[0060] In the embodiments of this application, the specific algorithm for the two-dimensional parameter space search in step S2 is not limited. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select various multi-parameter search algorithms, such as grid search algorithm, random search algorithm, genetic algorithm, particle swarm search algorithm, etc., and use equation (1) or equation (2) or similar expressions for evaluating the energy focusing effect as the objective function to search for the desired result. , The optimal combination of two-dimensional adjustment parameters under the given conditions.

[0061] After completing the search in step S2, in step S3, the angle and direction of rotation of the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures in the conversion device around the rotation axis can be adjusted according to the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination obtained from the search, so that their rotation angle is within the range of... Or the opening angle and the facing angle are at .

[0062] Figure 13 The wave incident angle is shown in one specific embodiment. ,wavelength Under the conditions provided in this application, after adjusting the adjustment parameters of the conversion device using the method provided, the normalized amplitude is obtained. The wave field distribution diagram shows that adjusting the rotation angle of the two reflectors of the conversion device can improve the wave field distribution. , (Or, adjust the opening angle of the two reflectors) and orientation ), can be fixed at the location of the float ( Figure 13 The black dot in the center (located in the middle) achieves a significant amplitude amplification wave-focusing effect.

[0063] Figure 14 In another specific embodiment, the wave incident angle is shown. ,wavelength Under the conditions provided in this application, after adjusting the adjustment parameters of the conversion device using the method provided, the normalized amplitude is obtained. The wave field distribution diagram is shown. Figure 15 The wave incident angle is shown in yet another specific embodiment. ,wavelength Under the conditions provided in this application, after adjusting the adjustment parameters of the conversion device using the method provided, the normalized amplitude is obtained. The wave field distribution is represented.

[0064] It should be noted that, through Figures 13 to 15 As can be seen, due to the presence of incident and reflected waves, the wave amplitude at various points on the sea surface exhibits a complex interference state. Therefore, the goal of adjusting the conversion device is not to adjust the area with the largest wave amplitude in the entire plane to the position of the float (in fact, under certain incident wave conditions, no matter how the two reflectors are set, it is impossible to adjust the area with the largest wave amplitude in the entire plane to the position of the float), but to ensure that, under given incident wave conditions, the setting method that maximizes the wave amplitude at the fixed point is found from all possible settings of the adjustment device.

[0065] The above step S2 can be performed when the conversion device is in operation, based on real-time measurements. , Perform real-time searches; furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 16 As shown, step S4 can be added to steps S1 to S3: Step S4: Statistically analyze the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combinations under multiple combinations of incident angles and wavelengths, and establish a control strategy for a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing based on the statistical results.

[0066] For example, multiple sets can be constructed according to preset wavelength intervals and incident angle intervals. The optimal combination of two-dimensional adjustment parameters is determined through step S2, thereby obtaining the two-dimensional adjustment parameter table of the conversion device. During the operation of the conversion device, the parameters can be obtained based on real-time measurements. , The adjustment method for the conversion device is determined by looking up a table.

[0067] Table 2 below lists a portion of the two-dimensional adjustment parameter table established according to step S4 in a specific embodiment, wherein the wavelength range is from 0.3m to 1.5m, the incident wave angle is taken at 5° intervals, and the optimal adjustment parameters are obtained through searching. , .

[0068] Table 2. Two-dimensional adjustment parameter table (partial) After obtaining the two-dimensional adjustment parameter table in Table 2 through step S4, this two-dimensional adjustment parameter table can be used as the control strategy for the conversion device. During the operation of the conversion device, the control strategy is based on the real-time measurements obtained. The optimal combination of two-dimensional adjustment parameters is determined by looking up a table, and the corresponding adjustment command is sent to the rotary drive unit (for example, when the rotary drive unit is...). Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, when there are two hydraulic transmission mechanisms, the adjustment command is to adjust the amount of hydraulic oil injected into the two hydraulic transmission mechanisms to adjust the first reflection wave adjustment structure and the second reflection wave adjustment structure to the state specified by the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination.

[0069] Because each group A set of optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameters can be found through searching, such as Therefore, in some preferred embodiments, the statistical results described above can be further used to fit and obtain the desired result. The function expression for the optimal adjustment parameter of the independent variable can be, for example, from Table 2 above. and The data is subjected to nonlinear least squares fitting to obtain the fitted data. , The expression: .

[0070] In other embodiments, an opening angle may also be used. and orientation angle As a combination of two-dimensional control parameters, the optimal combination of two-dimensional control parameters is established using the same processing method. The corresponding two-dimensional adjustment parameter table, or the following construction. , The expression: .

[0071] exist Figures 6 to 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the reflecting surfaces of the two wave-modulating structures are planar. In other embodiments, the first and second wave-modulating structures may also have reflecting surfaces of other shapes, for example... Figure 17 In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures have arc-shaped reflecting surfaces 11' and 21', respectively. Clearly, this type of reflected wave adjustment structure can be defined based on the direction of the line connecting the two endpoints of the reflecting surface. , The parameters are adjusted, and then the propagation path and phase difference of the reflected wave on the arc surface are determined according to wave theory. The wave field of the interference superposition is calculated in order to search for the optimal adjustment parameters.

[0072] exist Figures 6 to 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the two reflected wave adjustment structures are arranged in a coaxial rotation manner. In other optional embodiments, such as... Figure 18 As shown, the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures can also be configured to be non-coaxial, that is, the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 are respectively provided with rotation axes 321 and 322, so that the first reflector 1 rotates around the rotation axis 321 and the second reflector 2 rotates around the rotation axis 322, and the fixed position is fixed. The radial distances to both rotation axes 321 and 322 remain constant. It is understood that a line 33 is constructed connecting the projected positions of rotation axes 321 and 322 on the sea level, starting from a fixed point. Draw a perpendicular line 34 to the line 33. The projection lines of the first reflecting surface 11 on the sea level and the projection lines of the second reflecting surface 21 on the sea level are located on both sides of the perpendicular line 34.

[0073] The two wave reflection adjustment structures are set up in a non-coaxial manner, which is particularly suitable for application scenarios such as offshore operation platforms. In this case, the two wave reflection adjustment structures can also play a guiding role. When the incident wave angle meets certain conditions, it can guide the incident wave to accelerate through the gradually narrowing flow channel. Furthermore, a turbine power generation device can be set at the position of the accelerated flow channel to achieve two different wave energy enhancement effects at the same time.

[0074] The specific embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing, characterized in that, It includes a first reflected wave adjustment structure, a second reflected wave adjustment structure, and a rotation drive unit; The first and second reflected wave adjustment structures can each rotate independently around their respective rotation axes that remain unchanged at a radial distance from the fixed position, so as to independently adjust the orientation of the generated reflected waves, so that the fixed position is in the constructive interference region of the incident wave and the reflected wave. The rotation drive unit is used to drive the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures to rotate independently.

2. The wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reflection wave adjustment structure has a first reflecting surface for reflecting the incident wave, and the second reflection wave adjustment structure has a second reflecting surface for reflecting the incident wave. The rotation axes of the first and second reflected wave adjustment structures are perpendicular to the sea level.

3. The wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first reflected wave adjustment structure and the second reflected wave adjustment structure have the same rotation axis or have different rotation axes; When the first and second reflective wave adjustment structures have the same rotation axis, the projection lines of the first and second reflective surfaces on the sea level are located on both sides of the line connecting the fixed point and the projection position of the same rotation axis of the two reflective wave adjustment structures on the sea level. When the first and second reflective wave adjustment structures have different rotation axes, a perpendicular line is drawn from the fixed position to the projection position of the respective rotation axes of the two reflective wave adjustment structures on the sea level. The projection lines of the first and second reflective surfaces on the sea level are located on both sides of the perpendicular line.

4. The wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are either planar or curved.

5. The wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radial length of the first reflecting surface is not less than the radial distance between the rotation axis of the first reflecting wave adjustment structure and the fixed position; The radial length of the second reflecting surface is not less than the radial distance between the rotation axis of the second reflecting wave adjustment structure and the fixed position.

6. The wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the first reflective surface above sea level and the height of it below sea level are both greater than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum wave amplitude of the deployment area. The height of the second reflector above sea level and the height below sea level are both greater than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum wave amplitude of the deployment area.

7. The wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive unit includes a first hydraulic transmission mechanism and a second hydraulic transmission mechanism; The first hydraulic transmission mechanism adjusts the angle of rotation of the first reflective wave adjustment structure around the rotation axis by adjusting the length of its telescopic hydraulic rod. The second hydraulic transmission mechanism adjusts the angle of rotation of the second reflective wave adjustment structure around the rotation axis by adjusting the length of its telescopic hydraulic rod.

8. A control method for controlling the wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, obtain the incident angle and wavelength of the incident wave; S2, with the incident angle and wavelength of the incident wave as known conditions, search for each set of two-dimensional adjustment parameter combinations in the two-dimensional adjustment parameter search space to obtain the two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination that makes the wave energy focusing effect at the fixed position reach the maximum value under the known conditions, as the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination, wherein the two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination includes the first adjustment parameter and the second adjustment parameter. S3, adjust the first reflected wave adjustment structure and the second reflected wave adjustment structure based on the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combination.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S4. Statistically analyze the optimal two-dimensional adjustment parameter combinations under multiple combinations of incident angles and wavelengths, and establish a control strategy for a wave energy high-efficiency conversion device based on dynamic fixed-point wave focusing based on the statistical results.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control strategy is a two-dimensional adjustment parameter table, or based on the incident angle of the incident wave. and wavelength The function expression for the optimal adjustment parameter of the independent variable.

11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first adjustment parameter is the first rotation angle of the first reflected wave adjustment structure. The second adjustment parameter is the second rotation angle of the second reflected wave adjustment structure. The functional expression for the optimal adjustment parameter is: ， in, for The optimal value, for The optimal value; or, The first adjustment parameter is the opening angle of the first reflecting surface of the first reflection wave adjustment structure and the second reflecting surface of the second reflection wave adjustment structure. The second adjustment parameter is the orientation angle of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. The functional expression for the optimal adjustment parameter is: ， in, for The optimal value, for The optimal value.

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