A collision-free connection method and system for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices

Abstract

The present invention relates to a collision-free connection method and system for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, and relates to the field of connection control of large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices. For all low-power Bluetooth slave devices, when the predetermined fixed broadcast time interval arrives, the random delay time generation algorithm calculates the target random delay time for itself by using the parameters generated by the offline dynamic parameter generation library; each low-power Bluetooth slave device starts broadcasting to attempt to establish a connection with the Bluetooth gateway after the target random delay time, and disconnects the connection after successfully interacting with data and enters the low-power mode; the low-power Bluetooth slave device repeats the next round of broadcasting and data transmission according to the preset time period. The randomization of the broadcast start time in this application greatly reduces the communication collision risk generated when multiple low-power Bluetooth slave devices attempt to connect to the Bluetooth gateway at the same time, ensuring that even in a high-density device network environment, an efficient connection process can be maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connection control of large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, and particularly to a collision-free connection method and system for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and intelligent devices, the low-power Bluetooth technology is widely used in various scenarios, such as smart home, health monitoring, environmental sensing, etc., due to its energy-saving characteristics. Low-power Bluetooth devices usually act as slave devices and need to be connected to a central node, i.e., a Bluetooth gateway, for data upload and command issuance. However, when a large number of low-power Bluetooth devices attempt to establish connections with the Bluetooth gateway at the same time, serious communication collision problems will occur because Bluetooth only has 3 broadcast channels. In the current technology, large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices send connection requests in a broadcast manner and use a simple random broadcast algorithm for anti-collision. In the simple random broadcast algorithm, the broadcaster prepares a broadcast channel sequence table in advance according to the number of broadcast channels used. Before a broadcast event, the broadcaster determines the working order of the broadcast channels for this time according to the randomly generated number and the channel sequence table. Taking the case where the broadcaster uses three channels as an example, the broadcast channel order of the first broadcast event is determined by the random number, and the broadcast channel order of subsequent other broadcast events is determined by the random number and the parameter K together:

[0003] seqID[0] = rand{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

[0004] seqID[i] = (Ki1 + rand{0, 1, 2, 3}) mod 6

[0005] rand{} represents the operation of generating random numbers, mod represents the modulo operation, seqID[i] represents the seqID when the broadcast event sequence number is i, and each seqID corresponds to a parameter K with a range of 0 to 5, which is used to calculate the seqID of the next broadcast event; for the first broadcast event, a random number in the range of 0 to 5 is randomly generated as the seqID, and the corresponding parameter K is obtained. The parameter K and the random number are used to calculate the broadcast channel order in the next broadcast event. The parameters in different low-power Bluetooth devices can be preset to different Ks, thereby generating different types of random numbers. Because the randomness of the simple random broadcast algorithm is limited, when there are a large number of devices in the scenario, its ability to reduce broadcast collisions is limited. Devices will randomly compete for limited channel resources, resulting in data packet collisions. Such collisions will not only cause connection failures, but also increase the latency of the entire network, and force the devices to repeatedly attempt to connect, thus consuming more power. This is a significant drawback for low-power devices that are supposed to have long battery life requirements. Especially in some densely deployed scenarios, such as large industrial sensor networks or facility monitoring in smart cities, this problem is particularly prominent.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for collision-free connection of a large number of low-power Bluetooth devices, which can reduce collisions, improve connection efficiency, and at the same time maintain the low-power characteristics of the devices. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and system for collision-free connection of a large number of low-power Bluetooth devices.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for collision-free connection of a large number of low-power Bluetooth devices, including:

[0009] a. Waiting stage: The Bluetooth gateway continuously scans and waits for connection requests from low-power Bluetooth slave devices.

[0010] b. Broadcast preparation stage: For all low-power Bluetooth slave devices, when the predetermined fixed broadcast time interval arrives, the random delay time generation algorithm calculates the target random delay time for itself using the parameters generated by the offline dynamic parameter generation library.

[0011] c. Broadcast connection stage: Each low-power Bluetooth slave device starts a broadcast attempt to establish a connection with the Bluetooth gateway after the target random delay time, and disconnects after successfully exchanging data and enters the low-power mode.

[0012] d. Loop stage: The low-power Bluetooth slave device repeats steps b and c according to the preset time period for the next round of broadcast and data transmission.

[0013] Further, the implementation method of the random delay time generation algorithm is as follows:

[0014] Construct an upper mask with a bit width of w Construct a lower mask with a bit width of w Construct masks mask3 and mask4 with a bit width of w, initialize the shift amounts l1, l2, l3, l4, and generate a vector a = a w-1 a w-2 …a0, and create a matrix A based on a;

[0015] Initialize a row vector d with a bit width of w n-1 ,d n-2 …d0;

[0016] According to the initialized d n-1 ,d n-2 …d0 calculate

[0017] When the row vector with a bit width of w participates in the iteration, it is divided into two parts. The part with the superscript u represents the upper w - r bits, and the part with the subscript l represents the lower r bits. | represents concatenation, and n is the iteration length;

[0018] Calculate d through the iteration formula n+k :

[0019] m is an integer greater than 1 and less than the iteration degree for the period parameter, k = 0, 1,...., ⊕ represents exclusive OR

[0020]

[0021] Perform a transformation on d k+n to obtain a random number:

[0022] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ d k+n >> l1,

[0023] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l2) AND mask3),

[0024] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l3) AND mask4),

[0025] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ (d k+n >> l4); where << represents shifting the set number of bits to the left;

[0026] Generate a target random delay time using random numbers:

[0027] t represents the time period T min <t<T max , T max is the upper limit of the latest broadcast delay time, T min The minimum broadcast delay time.

[0028] Furthermore, The calculation method is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] in, express The last digit of , >> means right shift.

[0031] Furthermore, we initialize the row vector d with a width of w. n-1 ,d n-2 …d0, the offline dynamic parameter generation library uses the timestamp of the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device to initialize the row vector d with a width of w n-1 ,d n-2 …d0.

[0032] Furthermore, the offline dynamic parameter generation library uses the timestamp of the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device to initialize the row vector d with a bit width of w n-1 ,d n-2 …the formula for d0 is as follows: i =fd i-1 ⊕d i-1 >>l5+i,i=1,2,...n-1, when i=1,d i-1 =d0=timestamp, where timestamp indicates the timestamp of the previous connection step, f indicates the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device, and l5 indicates the offset.

[0033] Furthermore, a fixed broadcast time interval is scheduled for all low-power Bluetooth slave devices. For a multi-channel Bluetooth gateway, all low-power Bluetooth slave devices are grouped according to the number of channels, and a fixed broadcast time interval is scheduled for each group of low-power Bluetooth slave devices.

[0034] Second aspect, the present invention provides a collision-free connection system for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, including: a Bluetooth gateway and multiple low-power Bluetooth slave devices. The Bluetooth gateway continuously scans to detect and respond to connection requests from low-power Bluetooth slave devices; each low-power Bluetooth slave device includes a random delay time generation module for calculating a random target random delay time to randomize the start broadcast time of the device within a predetermined fixed broadcast time interval; each low-power Bluetooth slave device includes a broadcast time interval configuration module for configuring a fixed broadcast time interval.

[0035] Furthermore, the random delay time generation module includes:

[0036] An offline dynamic parameter generation library unit for generating parameters for calculating the target random delay time;

[0037] A first calculation unit for calculating according to the initialized d n-1 , d n-2 … d0 to calculate A row vector with a bit width of w is divided into two parts during the iteration process. The part with the superscript u represents the upper w-r bits, and the part with the subscript l represents the lower r bits. | represents concatenation, and n is the iteration length;

[0038] A second calculation unit for calculating

[0039] A third calculation unit for transforming d k+n to obtain a random number:

[0040] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ d k+n >> l1,

[0041] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l2) AND mask3),

[0042] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l3) AND mask4),

[0043] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ (d k+n >> l4);

[0044] A random delay time generation unit for generating a target random delay time according to the random number:

[0045] t represents the time period T min <t < T max , T max is the upper limit of the latest broadcast delay time, and T min is the lower limit of the latest broadcast delay time.

[0046] Furthermore, the second calculation unit calculates in the following manner:

[0047]

[0048] where represents the last bit of, and >> represents a right shift.

[0049] Furthermore, initialize the row vector d with a width of w n-1 , d n-2 ... d0, when the offline dynamic parameter generation library unit initializes the row vector d with a width of w using the timestamp of the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device n-1 , d n-2 ... d0: d i = fd i-1 ⊕ d i-1 >> l5 + i, i = 1, 2,... n - 1, when i = 1, d i-1 = d0 = timestamp, f represents the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device, and l5 represents the offset.

[0050] The above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0051] 1) By using the random delay time generation algorithm to introduce a randomized broadcast start time in the low-power Bluetooth slave device, the communication collision risk generated when multiple low-power Bluetooth slave devices simultaneously attempt to connect to the Bluetooth gateway is greatly reduced, ensuring that even in a high-density device network environment, an efficient connection process can be maintained.

[0052] 2) By reducing unnecessary waiting and retries, this application effectively reduces the idle period of the low-power Bluetooth slave device during the connection process, thereby significantly reducing energy consumption. This is particularly important for low-power Bluetooth devices that rely on batteries to operate, helping to extend the independent operating time of the device.

[0053] 3) Reducing the repeated connection attempts caused by signal collisions not only improves the service life of the device but also alleviates network congestion, thereby enhancing the operation efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0054] 4) The technical solution of the present invention has good scalability and adaptability, and can adapt to different scales and dynamically changing device network environments. This is crucial for the rapidly developing Internet of Things field and the future expansion of smart device networks, ensuring a long-term application prospect.

[0055] In summary, the present invention overcomes the main problems in the connection process of large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, realizes the efficient utilization of resources, and greatly improves the overall communication efficiency and the energy efficiency of devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for collision-free connection of large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a random delay time generation algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a system for collision-free connection of large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a system for collision-free connection of large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a random delay time generation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] It should be noted that in this article, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0065] Embodiment 1

[0066] As Figure 1 shown, the technical solution of the present invention realizes a collision-free connection method for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, including:

[0067] a. Waiting stage: The Bluetooth gateway continuously scans and waits for connection requests from low-power Bluetooth slave devices.

[0068] b. Broadcast preparation stage: For all low-power Bluetooth slave devices, when the predetermined fixed broadcast time interval arrives, the random delay time generation algorithm calculates the target random delay time for itself using the parameters generated by the offline dynamic parameter generation library.

[0069] In the specific implementation process, for all low-power Bluetooth slave devices, a predetermined fixed broadcast time interval is set. For a multi-channel Bluetooth gateway, all low-power Bluetooth slave devices are grouped according to the number of channels, and a predetermined fixed broadcast time interval is set for each group of low-power Bluetooth slave devices.

[0070] Refer to Figure 2 shown, the implementation method of the random delay time generation algorithm is as follows:

[0071] Use the parameters generated by the offline dynamic parameter generation library. Specifically, construct an upper mask with a bit width of w Construct a lower mask with a bit width of w Construct masks mask3 and mask4 with a bit width of w, initialize the shift amounts l1, l2, l3, l4, generate the vector a = a w-1 a w-2 …a0, create a matrix A based on a; initialize a row vector d with a bit width of w n-1 ,d n-2 …d0.

[0072] To avoid the same target random delay time for low-power Bluetooth slave devices, initialize a row vector d with a bit width of w n-1 ,d n-2... When d0, the offline dynamic parameter generation library initializes a row vector d with a bit width of w using the timestamp from the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique encoding of the low-power Bluetooth slave device n-1 , d n-2 ... d0, the formula is as follows:

[0073] d i = fd i-1 ⊕ d i-1 >> l5 + i, i = 1, 2,... n - 1, when i = 1, d i-1 = d0 = timestamp,

[0074] timestamp represents the timestamp from the previous connection, f represents the unique encoding of the low-power Bluetooth slave device, and l5 represents the offset.

[0075] Calculate according to the initialized parameters

[0076] When the row vector with a bit width of w participates in the iteration, it is divided into two parts. The part with the superscript u represents the upper w - r bits, and the part with the subscript l represents the lower r bits. | represents concatenation, and n is the iteration length.

[0077] Calculate d through the iteration formula n+k :

[0078] m is an integer greater than 1 and less than the iteration degree of the cycle parameter, k = 0, 1,...., ⊕ represents exclusive OR

[0079]

[0080] Specifically, in order to reduce the calculation amount The calculation method is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, represents the last bit of, >> represents right shift.

[0083] Perform a transformation on d k+n to obtain a random number:

[0084] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ d k+n >> l1,

[0085] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l2) AND mask3),

[0086] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l3) AND mask4),

[0087] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ (d k+n >> l4); where << represents shifting left by a set number of bits;

[0088] Generate a target random delay time using a random number:

[0089] t represents the time period T min < t < T max , T max is the upper limit of the latest broadcast delay time, T min is the lower limit of the latest broadcast delay time.

[0090] c. Broadcast connection phase: After the target random delay time, each low-power Bluetooth slave device starts a broadcast attempt to establish a connection with the Bluetooth gateway, and disconnects after successful data interaction and enters the low-power mode.

[0091] d. Loop phase: The low-power Bluetooth slave device repeats steps b and c according to a preset time period for the next round of broadcast and data transmission.

[0092] Embodiment 2

[0093] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a collision-free connection system for a large-scale low-power Bluetooth device, including: a Bluetooth gateway and multiple low-power Bluetooth slave devices. The Bluetooth gateway continuously scans to detect and respond to connection requests from low-power Bluetooth slave devices; each low-power Bluetooth slave device includes a random delay time generation module for calculating a random target random delay time to randomize the start broadcast time of the device within a predetermined fixed broadcast time interval; each low-power Bluetooth slave device includes a broadcast time interval configuration module for configuring a fixed broadcast time interval.

[0094] As Figure 5 shown, the random delay time generation module includes:

[0095] An offline dynamic parameter generation library unit for generating parameters for calculating the target random delay time;

[0096] A first calculation unit for calculating according to the initialized d n-1 , d n-2 … d0 calculation During the iteration process, a row vector with a bit width of w is divided into two parts. The part with the superscript u represents the upper w-r bits, and the part with the subscript l represents the lower r bits. | represents concatenation, and n is the iteration length.

[0097] A second calculation unit, which is used to calculate

[0098] The second calculation unit calculates in the following way:

[0099]

[0100] where represents the last bit of, >> represents right shift.

[0101] A third calculation unit, which is used to transform d k+n to obtain a random number, d k+n = d k+n ⊕ d k+n >> l1,

[0102] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l2) AND mask3),

[0103] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ ((d k+n << l3) AND mask4),

[0104] d k+n = d k+n ⊕ (d k+n >> l4);

[0105] A random delay time generation unit, which generates a target random delay time according to the random number:

[0106] t represents the time period T min <t < T max , T max is the upper limit of the latest broadcast delay time, T min is the lower limit of the latest broadcast delay time.

[0107] When initializing the row vector d n-1 , d n-2 … d0, the offline dynamic parameter generation library unit initializes the row vector d with a bit width of w using the timestamp of the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave devicen-1 ,d n-2 …d0:d i =fd i-1 ⊕d i-1 >>l5+i,i = 1,2,...n - 1, when i = 1,d i-1 =d0 = timestamp, f represents the unique code of the low - power Bluetooth slave device, and l5 represents the offset.

[0108] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed structure and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the structural embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the structure or unit can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0109] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0110] In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above - integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0111] The above - mentioned are only the specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A collision-free connection method for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, characterized in that, Including: a. Waiting stage: The Bluetooth gateway continuously scans and waits for connection requests from low-power Bluetooth slave devices. b. Broadcast preparation stage: For all low-power Bluetooth slave devices, when the predetermined fixed broadcast time interval arrives, the target random delay time is calculated for itself using the parameters generated by the random delay time generation algorithm with the offline dynamic parameter generation library; among them, the implementation method of the random delay time generation algorithm is as follows: Construct an upper mask with a bit width of , construct a lower mask with a bit width of , construct a mask with a bit width of , initialize the shift amount , generate a vector , create a matrix and , initialize the shift amount , generate a vector , create a matrix based on ; The offline dynamic parameter generation library initializes a row vector with a bit width of using the timestamp at the previous connection of the Bluetooth Low Energy slave device and the unique code of the Bluetooth Low Energy slave device; among them, the offline dynamic parameter generation library initializes a row vector with a bit width of using the timestamp at the previous connection of the Bluetooth Low Energy slave device and the unique code of the Bluetooth Low Energy slave device; the formula for is as follows: When , , , represents the timestamp at the previous connection, represents the unique code of the Bluetooth Low Energy slave device, represents the offset; According to the initialized calculate : , the row vector with a bit width of is divided into two parts during the iteration process. The superscript represents the upper bits, and the superscript represents the lower bits. represents the connection, is the iteration length; Calculated by the iterative formula : ; is a period parameter and an integer greater than 1 and less than the iteration length, , represents exclusive OR; ； Pair is transformed to obtain a random number: ， ， ， ; among them, represents the number of bits set for left shift, represents the number of bits set for right shift; Generate the target random delay time using a random number: , represents a time period , is the upper limit of the latest broadcast delay time, is the lower limit of the latest broadcast delay time; c. Broadcast connection stage: After the target random delay time has elapsed for each low-power Bluetooth slave device, it starts broadcasting to attempt to establish a connection with the Bluetooth gateway, and disconnects after successful data interaction and enters the low-power mode. d. Loop stage: The low-power Bluetooth slave device repeats steps b and c according to the preset time period for the next round of broadcasting and data transmission.

2. The collision-free connection method for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation method is as follows: Among them, denotes the last digit of denotes a right shift.

3. The collision-free connection method for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices according to claim 1, characterized in that For all low-power Bluetooth slave devices, a predetermined fixed broadcast time interval is set. For a multi-channel Bluetooth gateway, all low-power Bluetooth slave devices are grouped according to the number of channels, and a predetermined fixed broadcast time interval is set for each group of low-power Bluetooth slave devices.

4. A collision-free connection system for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices, which implements the collision-free connection method for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices according to any one of claims 1-3, includes: A Bluetooth gateway and multiple low-power Bluetooth slave devices, characterized in that the Bluetooth gateway continuously scans to detect and respond to connection requests from low-power Bluetooth slave devices; each low-power Bluetooth slave device includes a random delay time generation module for calculating a random target random delay time to randomize the start broadcast time of the device within the predetermined fixed broadcast time interval; each low-power Bluetooth slave device includes a broadcast time interval configuration module for configuring the fixed broadcast time interval; among them, the random delay time generation module includes: Offline dynamic parameter generation library unit, which is used to generate parameters for calculating the target random delay time; the offline dynamic parameter generation library unit initializes a row vector with a bit width of using the timestamp at the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device ; among them, the offline dynamic parameter generation library initializes a row vector with a bit width of using the timestamp at the previous connection of the low-power Bluetooth slave device and the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device The formula is as follows: , when , , represents the timestamp at the previous connection, represents the unique code of the low-power Bluetooth slave device, represents the offset; The first calculation unit, which is used to calculate according to the initialized Calculation : , the row vector with a bit width of is divided into two parts during the iteration process. The superscript represents the upper bits, and the superscript represents the lower bits. represents connection, is the iteration length; A second computing unit, which is used to calculate : ; wherein is a period parameter and is an integer greater than 1 and less than the iteration length , represents exclusive OR; ； The third computing unit, which is used to perform a transformation to obtain a random number, , ， ， ; wherein, represents the number of bits set for left shift, represents the number of bits set for right shift; A random delay time generation unit, and the random delay time generation unit generates the target random delay time according to a random number: , represents a time period , is the upper limit of the latest broadcast delay time, is the lower limit of the latest broadcast delay time.

5. The collision-free connection system for large-scale low-power Bluetooth devices according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second computing unit calculates in the following manner: Among them, represents the last digit of means a right shift.

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