Battery and electric device

Abstract

The application discloses a battery and an electric device, wherein the battery comprises a shell, a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator arranged in the shell; the shell is formed with a mounting cavity in a spherical shape; the positive electrode sheet is provided with a first convex curved surface and a first joint surface connected with the first convex curved surface; the negative electrode sheet is provided with a second convex curved surface and a second joint surface connected with the second convex curved surface; the separator is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and the first joint surface and the second joint surface are arranged on two sides of the separator in a facing mode, so that the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are spliced to form a spherical structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery manufacturing, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] A battery generally consists of a casing and a cell housed within the casing. The cell includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, separated by a separator. An electrolyte is injected into the casing to provide electrochemical and electrical conductivity. In existing batteries, uneven electrolyte distribution within the cell's electrodes hinders lithium-ion transport during cycling, leading to lithium plating and severely impacting the cell's cycle performance and lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to propose a battery that aims to solve the problem of uneven electrolyte distribution in existing battery cells.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the battery proposed in this application includes:

[0005] The outer casing has a spherical mounting cavity.

[0006] A positive electrode sheet is disposed in the mounting cavity; the positive electrode sheet has a first convex arc surface and a first mating surface connected to the first convex arc surface;

[0007] A negative electrode sheet is disposed in the mounting cavity; the negative electrode sheet has a second convex arc surface and a second mating surface connected to the second convex arc surface; and

[0008] An isolation element is disposed in the mounting cavity and located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The first mating surface and the second mating surface are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the isolation element so that the positive electrode, the isolation element and the negative electrode are spliced ​​together to form a spherical structure.

[0009] By employing a positive electrode sheet with a first bonding surface and a first convex arc surface, and a negative electrode sheet with a second bonding surface and a second convex arc surface, the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet are combined to form a spherical battery cell. The spherical battery cell is then installed in a spherical mounting cavity. After the electrolyte is injected, the electrolyte is distributed more evenly within the mounting cavity because the force on the battery cell is relatively uniform. By using a spherical battery cell, the internal force of the battery cell can be made more uniform, avoiding the problem of uneven electrolyte distribution inside the electrode sheet caused by uneven force on the battery cell. By improving the uniformity of the electrolyte, the lithium plating problem caused by uneven electrolyte distribution is avoided.

[0010] In some examples, the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode have multiple accommodating holes for containing electrolyte.

[0011] By setting up accommodating holes, a certain amount of electrolyte can be contained within the accommodating holes. The porous structure formed within the positive and / or negative electrode plates through the accommodating holes provides more transport paths for lithium ions, improves the electrolyte wetting effect, satisfies ion dynamics during charging and discharging, and provides a better flow path for lithium ions.

[0012] In some examples, the plurality of accommodating holes are spaced apart.

[0013] By using a spaced-out pore structure, the positive and / or negative electrode sheets can form a porous structure, thereby diversifying the lithium-ion transport paths inside the positive and / or negative electrode sheets and improving the electrolyte wetting effect.

[0014] In some examples, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode are provided with a plurality of receiving holes, and the receiving holes on the positive electrode are correspondingly provided with the receiving holes on the negative electrode.

[0015] By aligning the receiving holes on the positive and negative electrode plates, the processing and shaping of the positive and negative electrode plates can be facilitated. The corresponding receiving holes on the positive and negative electrode plates create spaces for the electrolyte, allowing the electrolyte to uniformly wet both plates and providing sufficient electrolyte replenishment.

[0016] In some examples, the axial direction of the receiving hole is perpendicular to the first mating surface.

[0017] By making the axial direction of the receiving hole perpendicular to the first mating surface, it is convenient to form the receiving hole on the positive or negative electrode sheet simultaneously when processing the positive or negative electrode sheet.

[0018] In some examples, the inner diameters of multiple receiving holes are equal.

[0019] By forming receiving holes with equal inner diameters, it is easier to shape the receiving holes.

[0020] In some examples, the inner diameter of the accommodating aperture does not exceed 2 nm.

[0021] By ensuring that the inner diameter of the accommodating hole does not exceed 2nm, it is possible to form a porous structure within the positive and / or negative electrode plates while maintaining the energy density of the positive and / or negative electrode plates, thereby ensuring the battery capacity.

[0022] In some examples, the plurality of receiving holes includes a first receiving hole, a second receiving hole, and a third receiving hole, wherein the diameters of the first receiving hole, the second receiving hole, and the third receiving hole are of different sizes.

[0023] By setting accommodating holes of different diameters, it is possible to conveniently set accommodating holes of different diameters at different thicknesses according to the thickness of the positive electrode and / or negative electrode, thereby enabling the positive electrode and / or negative electrode with varying thicknesses to have a porous structure for accommodating electrolyte.

[0024] In some examples, the diameter of the first accommodating aperture is no more than 2 nm, and / or the diameter of the second accommodating aperture is no more than 10 nm, and / or the diameter of the third accommodating aperture is no more than 25 nm.

[0025] By limiting the apertures of the first, second, and third accommodating holes, a more reasonable distribution of accommodating holes can be achieved in positive and / or negative electrode sheets with varying thicknesses, so that a porous structure for electrolyte distribution can be formed within both the positive and negative electrode sheets.

[0026] In some examples, the battery also includes:

[0027] A first intermediate shell is embedded in the positive electrode plate. The first intermediate shell has a first receiving groove for containing electrolyte. The first receiving groove has a first opening that extends to the first mating surface. The first intermediate shell also has a first guide hole that communicates with the first receiving groove.

[0028] By setting up a first housing, a certain amount of electrolyte is contained in the first housing, which can liquid seal the first joint surface of the positive electrode plate, thereby enabling timely replenishment of electrolyte and ensuring the cycle performance of the battery cell.

[0029] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the first housing is a convex arc surface.

[0030] By making the outer wall of the first intermediate shell convex, the relative force distribution between the first intermediate shell and the positive electrode plate can be more uniform; the electrolyte near the outer surface of the first intermediate shell can also enter the first intermediate shell more easily, thereby avoiding uneven distribution of electrolyte in the positive electrode plate.

[0031] In some examples, the inner wall surface of the first receiving groove is a concave arc surface.

[0032] By forming a first receiving tank with a concave arc surface, the electrolyte in the first receiving tank can be distributed relatively evenly, and the electrolyte can flow between the first receiving tank and the positive electrode plate through the first guide hole.

[0033] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the first intermediate shell is a convex arc surface, the inner wall surface of the first intermediate shell is a concave arc surface, and the first intermediate shell has an outer ring edge and an inner ring edge located at the first opening, the outer ring edge and the inner ring edge coinciding with the center of the first mating surface.

[0034] The outer and inner walls of the first casing form a hollow structure with a roughly hemispherical outline, which makes it easier for the electrolyte inside the first casing to be replenished to the positive electrode plate and avoids lithium plating caused by uneven stress on the positive electrode plate.

[0035] In some examples, the battery also includes:

[0036] The second housing is embedded in the negative electrode plate. The second housing has a second receiving groove for containing electrolyte. The second receiving groove has a second opening that extends to the second mating surface. The second housing also has a second guide hole that connects to the second receiving groove.

[0037] By providing a second housing with a second accommodating tank, a certain amount of electrolyte can be placed in the second accommodating tank so that the electrolyte can liquid seal the second joint surface, thereby preventing lithium plating at the negative electrode and helping to improve battery safety.

[0038] In some examples, when projected onto a plane parallel to the second mating surface, the first opening overlaps with the second opening.

[0039] The electrolyte required for the first bonding surface is replenished by the electrolyte in the first accommodating tank, and the electrolyte required for the second bonding surface is replenished by the electrolyte in the second accommodating tank, so that the electrolyte on both sides of the separator is relatively more uniform, thereby ensuring the cycle performance within the cell.

[0040] In some examples, the first and second inner shells are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the separator.

[0041] By symmetrically arranging the first and second inner shells on both sides of the separator, the force on the battery cell is relatively more uniform, avoiding the problem of uneven electrolyte distribution caused by uneven force inside the battery cell.

[0042] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the second type of housing is a convex arc surface.

[0043] By making the outer surface of the second shell convex, the electrolyte outside the second shell can enter the second receiving tank evenly, thereby reducing the influence of the second shell on the electrolyte distribution in the negative electrode and helping to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte.

[0044] In some examples, the inner wall surface of the second receiving groove is a concave arc surface.

[0045] The container adopts a second receiving groove with a concave arc surface, which makes the distribution of electrolyte replenished to the second joint surface more uniform.

[0046] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the second housing is a convex arc surface, the inner wall surface of the second housing is a concave arc surface, and the second housing has an outer ring edge and an inner ring edge located at the second opening, the outer ring edge and the inner ring edge coinciding with the center of the second mating surface.

[0047] The outer and inner walls of the second shell cooperate to form a hollow structure with a roughly hemispherical shape. This ensures that the second shell does not affect the stress on the negative electrode sheet, thus preventing lithium deposition caused by uneven stress on the negative electrode sheet.

[0048] In some examples, the housing includes:

[0049] A first outer casing, the first outer casing having a hemispherical outer surface, a hemispherical first chamber recessed within the first outer casing, and a first opening communicating with the first chamber; one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is disposed in the first chamber; and

[0050] The second outer casing has a hemispherical second chamber recessed within it and a second opening communicating with the second chamber; one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is disposed in the second chamber; the first opening and the second opening are opposite to each other, so that the first chamber and the second chamber are connected to form the mounting cavity.

[0051] By using a first outer shell and a second outer shell together to form an outer shell, it is convenient to install the battery cell; since the first outer shell has a hemispherical outer surface, the force on the first inner shell can be relatively more uniform.

[0052] In some examples, the second housing has a hemispherical outer surface, and the outer surfaces of the first housing and the second housing are joined to form a spherical surface.

[0053] By making the outer surface of the second shell hemispherical, the second shell and the first shell can be matched to form a spherical structure, which facilitates the molding of the first shell and the second shell; at the same time, when the battery cell is installed in the shell, the force on the battery cell is relatively uniform.

[0054] In some examples, the first housing is detachably connected to the second housing.

[0055] The use of a detachable connection method facilitates battery assembly.

[0056] In some examples, the battery also includes:

[0057] A connector is provided, through which the first housing is connected to the second housing.

[0058] By using connectors to connect the first and second housings, assembly of both can be facilitated.

[0059] In some examples, the connector is attached to the outer wall surfaces of both the first housing and the second housing. By connecting the outer wall surfaces of the first and second housings, the interconnection of the first and second housings can be achieved while avoiding interference with the spherical battery cell, thereby ensuring uniform stress on the battery cell.

[0060] In some examples, the connector is ring-shaped; the connector is disposed around the outer surface of the housing.

[0061] By using a ring-shaped connector, the first and second outer shells can be connected to each other while sealing the simple mating parts of the first connector and the second connector.

[0062] In some examples, the positive electrode is disposed in the first chamber, and the negative electrode is disposed in the second chamber; the battery further includes:

[0063] A first conductive adhesive layer is disposed between the first convex arc surface and the inner wall surface of the first chamber;

[0064] And / or, a second conductive adhesive layer is disposed between the second convex arc surface and the inner wall surface of the second chamber.

[0065] A conductive structure is formed by employing a first conductive adhesive layer and a second conductive adhesive layer to conduct current from the battery cell.

[0066] Based on the battery examples described above, this application also proposes an electrical device including the battery as described in any of the preceding claims. By using the aforementioned battery, damage caused by lithium plating inside the battery can be avoided, thereby improving the safety of the electrical device. Attached Figure Description

[0067] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an example battery of this application;

[0069] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0070] Figure 3 for Figure 1The right view;

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an example of the casing of this application;

[0072] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the casing of this application;

[0073] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an example of the positive electrode sheet of this application;

[0074] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an example negative electrode sheet of this application;

[0075] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the structure of the casing and the positive electrode in the present application.

[0076] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the structure of the casing and the negative electrode plate in the present application;

[0077] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the structure of the casing and the positive electrode in the present application.

[0078] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the structure of this application with the outer casing and the negative electrode plate in conjunction;

[0079] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the structure of the casing and the positive electrode in the present application;

[0080] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the structure of the casing and the negative electrode plate in this application;

[0081] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the battery assembly step of this application.

[0082] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0083] label name label name 10 shell 11 First outer shell 111 First chamber 112 First opening 12 Second outer shell 121 Second chamber 122 Second opening 13 connector 20 Positive electrode sheet 21 First convex surface 22 First mating surface 23 Accommodation hole 231 First receiving hole 232 Second receiving hole 233 Third receiving hole 30 Negative electrode sheet 31 Second convex surface 32 Second mating surface 40 Isolation component 50 First shell 51 First receiving slot 52 First opening 53 First guide hole 60 Second shell 61 Second receiving slot 62 Second opening 63 Second guide hole

[0084] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0085] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0086] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0087] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0088] Batteries are widely used in a variety of electrical devices, including but not limited to: mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric vehicle toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers.

[0089] Batteries can be categorized into primary batteries and rechargeable batteries based on whether they are rechargeable. Common types of rechargeable batteries include lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are currently widely used in pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. While lithium-ion batteries used in these applications have relatively lower capacity, they offer higher output and charging current, as well as a longer lifespan.

[0090] The battery described in the examples of this application refers to a lithium-ion battery. The batteries mentioned in the examples disclosed in this application can be used directly or indirectly in suitable electrical devices to power those devices.

[0091] Existing batteries typically include cylindrical batteries, cuboid batteries, and pouch batteries. A battery consists of a casing and a cell housed within the casing. The cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. An electrolyte is injected inside the battery casing. Lithium-ion batteries primarily function by the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. In cylindrical batteries, a three-layer thin-film structure is wound into a cylindrical electrode assembly, while in cuboid batteries, the thin-film structure is wound or stacked into an electrode assembly with a roughly cuboid shape.

[0092] The active materials used in the positive and negative electrode plates differ. Among positive electrode materials, the most commonly used are lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, and ternary materials (polymers of nickel, cobalt, and manganese). For negative electrode materials, natural graphite and artificial graphite are currently the main materials, along with nitrides, PAS, tin-based oxides, tin alloys, nano-anode materials, and other intermetallic compounds. As one of the four major components of lithium batteries, the negative electrode material plays a crucial role in improving battery capacity and cycle performance, occupying a core position in the midstream of the lithium battery industry. In the structure of a lithium battery, the separator is one of the key internal components. Separator materials are mainly polyolefin separators, primarily made of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). The electrolyte is generally made from high-purity organic solvents, lithium electrolyte salts, additives, and other raw materials. The electrolyte acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery, ensuring the high voltage and high specific energy of lithium-ion batteries.

[0093] The prismatic and cylindrical power batteries widely produced on the market suffer from uneven stress and electrolyte distribution in certain areas during the cycle process. This can lead to localized electrolyte breakage, lithium plating during cycling, reduced cycle capacity and lifespan, and even lithium dendrites puncturing the separator, causing short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes and posing safety risks.

[0094] This application addresses the aforementioned technical problems of existing batteries by proposing a battery that solves the safety risks caused by uneven stress on the battery cells during use.

[0095] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In one example, a battery is disclosed, comprising a casing 10, a positive electrode 20, a negative electrode 30, and a separator 40; the casing 10 forms a spherical mounting cavity (not shown in the figure); the positive electrode 20 is disposed in the mounting cavity; the positive electrode 20 has a first convex arc surface 21 and a first mating surface 22 connected to the first convex arc surface 21; the negative electrode 30 is disposed in the mounting cavity; the negative electrode 30 has a second convex arc surface 31 and a second mating surface 32 connected to the second convex arc surface 31; the separator 40 is disposed in the mounting cavity and located between the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30, and the first mating surface 22 and the second mating surface 32 are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the separator 40, so that the positive electrode 20, the separator 40, and the negative electrode 30 are spliced ​​to form a spherical structure.

[0096] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The outer casing 10 has a spherical mounting cavity inside, which means that the outline of the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity is spherical.

[0097] Please see Figure 6 The positive electrode 20 has a first mating surface 22 and a first convex arc surface 21, and the first mating surface 22 is connected to the first convex arc surface 21 so that the positive electrode 20 forms a structure with an outer contour close to a hemispherical shape. For ease of description, the positive electrode 20 is referred to as a hemispherical structure below. The first convex arc surface 21 is the hemispherical surface of the positive electrode 20. The first convex arc surface 21 faces the inner surface of the mounting cavity and is disposed away from the center of the sphere of the mounting cavity; the first mating surface 22 faces the center of the sphere of the mounting cavity.

[0098] Please see Figure 7 The negative electrode 30 has a second mating surface 32 and a second convex arc surface 31, and the second mating surface 32 is connected to the second convex arc surface 31 so that the negative electrode 30 forms a structure with an outer contour close to a hemispherical shape. For ease of description, the negative electrode 30 is referred to as a hemispherical structure below. The second convex arc surface 31 is the hemispherical surface of the positive electrode 20. The second convex arc surface 31 faces the inner surface of the mounting cavity and is disposed away from the center of the sphere of the mounting cavity; the second mating surface 32 faces the center of the sphere of the mounting cavity.

[0099] The separator 40 is disposed between the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 to prevent internal short circuits caused by contact between the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30. The separator 40 also prevents larger molecules from passing through while allowing smaller charged ions to pass through. This increases the concentration difference near the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30, which is beneficial for ion diffusion and thus improves the battery's storage efficiency.

[0100] The positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are respectively arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the separator 40. The first bonding surface 22 of the positive electrode 20 and the second bonding surface 32 of the negative electrode 30 are arranged opposite to each other, so that the positive electrode 20, the separator 40 and the negative electrode 30 are combined to form a spherical battery cell structure.

[0101] An electrolyte is injected into the casing 10, which wets the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30, thereby conducting lithium ions. In this example, the battery may also include conductive adhesive disposed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity, which serves to conduct electricity and conduct the current from the cell. The battery may also include other functional components, which can be referred to in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0102] Please refer to the following: Figure 8 and Figure 9 The battery cell structure is spherical, and the outer casing 10 has a spherical mounting cavity concentric with the battery cell structure. After the battery cell structure is placed within the mounting cavity, the inner wall of the cavity supports the outer surface of the battery cell. Because both the battery cell structure and the mounting cavity structure are spherical, the battery cell structure is supported by the inner wall of the mounting cavity at any position. Furthermore, the spherical inner wall of the mounting cavity, in conjunction with the spherical outer wall of the battery cell, ensures relatively uniform stress distribution across the surface of the battery cell structure, reducing the likelihood of deformation due to uneven local stress. When external force is applied to the outer casing 10, the spherical shape of the battery cell and the mounting cavity allow the force to be distributed evenly across the battery cell, preventing electrolyte extrusion due to uneven local stress and ensuring uniform electrolyte distribution within the battery cell.

[0103] By improving the uniformity of the electrolyte within the battery cell, the electrolyte can fully wet the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 during the electrochemical reaction process, avoiding electrolyte bridging caused by uneven electrolyte distribution and further preventing lithium plating. Improving the uniformity of electrolyte distribution also prevents internal short circuits caused by lithium dendrites continuously growing at the second bonding surface 32 and piercing the separator 40.

[0104] During charging and discharging, lithium ions undergo cyclic insertion / extraction reactions at both the positive and negative electrodes, causing the electrode plates to expand. By using a spherical mounting cavity to define the spherical cell structure, the forces acting on the cell structure are more dispersed and uniform. This prevents the uneven expansion forces on the positive and negative electrode plates 20 from causing excessive localized electrolyte extrusion, further avoiding insufficient electrolyte in the positive and negative electrode plates 20 and 30. This prevents lithium ion transport from being hindered during cycling, thus preventing lithium plating and contributing to extended cell cycle performance and lifespan.

[0105] During battery charging, lithium ions are deintercalated from the positive electrode and diffuse into the electrolyte to the second junction surface 32, where they are embedded in the negative electrode 30. Taking a graphite negative electrode as an example, when the negative electrode potential drops to 200-65mV vs. Li+ / Li, the lithium intercalation process occurs; as charging continues, the negative electrode potential drops below 0V vs. Li+ / Li, i.e., a lithium deposition side reaction occurs. At this time, the lithium deposition side reaction and the lithium intercalation reaction of the negative electrode occur simultaneously.

[0106] When the battery cell is subjected to uneven stress, the gradient formed inside the battery causes the lithium deposition side reactions to occur at different rates at various points on the negative electrode surface, resulting in the deposition of an uneven lithium layer. When the local temperature, state of charge, and current density of the second bonding surface 32 of the negative electrode 30 are low, the lithium deposition side reactions tend to occur rapidly at the second bonding surface 32, causing more severe lithium deposition than in other areas. In this example, by making the stress on the battery cell more uniform, lithium deposition side reactions within the cell are avoided. By reducing lithium deposition side reactions, electrolyte consumption can be reduced, thereby slowing down the battery's capacity decay rate.

[0107] Because the battery cell experiences more uniform stress and the electrolyte is distributed more evenly within the cell, thermal runaway inside the battery can be avoided, further preventing gas release and lithium metal melting. This, in turn, prevents water and oxygen in the air from reacting with lithium metal, further preventing the battery from burning or even exploding.

[0108] In some examples, the outer surface of the housing 10 is spherical to ensure uniform overall strength at all locations of the housing 10, and the outer contour of the battery has a spherical structure. In some examples, the mounting cavity of the housing 10 is a spherical cavity, and the outer contour of the housing 10 can be a cuboid, cylindrical, or other structures.

[0109] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some examples, the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30 are provided with a plurality of receiving holes 23 for containing electrolyte.

[0110] The accommodating hole 23 is used to contain electrolyte to form a transport channel for lithium ion flow, promote lithium ion circulation, and allow the electrolyte to fully wet the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30.

[0111] In this example, the positive electrode 20 is provided with multiple receiving holes 23. By providing receiving holes 23, a porous structure is formed in the positive electrode 20, allowing electrolyte to enter the receiving holes 23 and providing a transport channel for lithium ions. When the positive electrode 20 is subjected to external force causing the electrolyte to be squeezed out, the receiving holes 23 can serve as a space to temporarily contain the electrolyte; the electrolyte contained in the receiving holes 23 can then re-enter the interior of the positive electrode 20, thereby fully wetting the positive electrode 20 and preventing uneven electrolyte distribution. Because the receiving holes 23 form a porous structure in the positive electrode 20, the compressive deformation resistance of the positive electrode 20 is relatively improved, which can further reduce the expansion amplitude of the positive electrode 20 during the intercalation / deintercalation reaction, thus helping to improve the problem of uneven local electrolyte distribution.

[0112] In this example, the negative electrode 30 is provided with multiple receiving holes 23. By providing receiving holes 23 in the negative electrode 30, a certain amount of electrolyte can be contained within the receiving holes 23, ensuring sufficient electrolyte at the second bonding surface 32 of the negative electrode 30. This reduces lithium deposition at the second bonding surface 32, thereby preventing short circuits caused by lithium dendrites continuously growing at the second bonding surface 32 and piercing the separator 40. The electrolyte contained in the receiving holes 23 can more uniformly wet the negative electrode 30, preventing electrolyte unevenness within the negative electrode 30. Since the receiving holes 23 can form more lithium-ion transport channels within the negative electrode 30, the lithium-ion kinetics during electrolyte wetting and charge / discharge processes can be improved. When electrolyte unevenness occurs locally in the negative electrode 30, the electrolyte contained in the receiving holes 23 can be used to replenish the uneven electrolyte, thereby ensuring the cycle performance of the battery cell. Since the accommodating hole 23 forms a porous structure in the negative electrode 30, the resistance of the negative electrode 30 to extrusion deformation is relatively improved, which can further reduce the expansion amplitude of the negative electrode 30 during the insertion / deintercalation reaction, thereby helping to reduce the problem of uneven local electrolyte.

[0113] In this example, both the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are provided with receiving holes 23. A certain amount of electrolyte is contained through the receiving holes 23, so that both the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 can be sufficiently wetted, and more sufficient lithium-ion transport channels are formed within the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30; when there is insufficient electrolyte in a local area, it can be replenished in time, thereby ensuring the cycle performance of the cell.

[0114] In some examples, the receiving holes 23 of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are in the same position. In some examples, the diameters of the receiving holes 23 of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are the same. In some examples, the diameter and position of the receiving holes 23 of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are both the same, meaning that the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 can be manufactured using molds of the same specifications.

[0115] Furthermore, in some examples, the receiving hole 23 is a through hole or countersunk hole perpendicular to the first mating surface 22. When fabricating the positive electrode 20, a core perpendicular to the first mating surface 22 can be provided. When the mold is opened, the core is extracted to form the receiving hole 23. In some examples, the receiving hole 23 has an irregular hole structure to form an irregular honeycomb structure within the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30.

[0116] Please continue reading. Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some examples, multiple receiving holes 23 are spaced apart.

[0117] The multiple receiving holes 23 can be regularly distributed or they may not have a fixed distribution pattern. For example... Figure 10 Taking the accommodating hole 23 shown as an example, at least some of the accommodating holes 23 have openings extending to the first mating surface 22, and the accommodating holes 23 are distributed in a dispersed manner with the geometric center of the first mating surface as the center. Multiple accommodating holes 23 may also be distributed in a ring array with the first mating surface 22 as the center.

[0118] By distributing multiple accommodating holes 23 at intervals, spaces for accommodating electrolyte can be formed at multiple locations, thereby allowing the electrolyte to more fully wet the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30. The spaced-out accommodating holes 23 create a honeycomb-like structure in the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30, enhancing their compressive strength and deformation resistance.

[0119] In some examples, both the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are provided with multiple receiving holes 23, and the receiving holes 23 on the positive electrode 20 are correspondingly provided with the receiving holes 23 on the negative electrode 30.

[0120] The fact that the receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20 is consistent with the receiving hole 23 on the negative electrode 30 means that at least one of the following is consistent: position, number, diameter, and depth: the receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20 is consistent with the receiving hole 23 on the negative electrode 30.

[0121] By aligning the receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20 with the receiving hole 23 on the negative electrode 30, the compressive strength and electrolyte capacity of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 can be made closer, thereby ensuring electrolyte circulation and improving battery safety. At the same time, the same mold can be used to process the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30, which facilitates the processing and shaping of the product.

[0122] In some examples, the receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20 and the receiving hole 23 on the negative electrode 30 are positioned correspondingly on both sides of the separator 40.

[0123] The receiving holes 23 on the positive electrode 20 and the receiving holes 23 on the negative electrode 30 are positioned correspondingly on both sides of the separator 40. For any receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20, a corresponding receiving hole 23 is provided at the corresponding position on the negative electrode 30. The diameters of the receiving holes 23 on the positive electrode 20 and the corresponding receiving holes 23 on the negative electrode 30 may be equal or unequal. When the diameters of the receiving holes 23 on the positive electrode 20 and the corresponding receiving holes 23 on the negative electrode 30 are equal, and their positions and depths are the same, the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the separator 40.

[0124] Since the receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20 corresponds to the receiving hole 23 on the negative electrode 30, the deformation resistance of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 can be more similar. When the battery is subjected to external force, the compressive strength of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 is similar, making it less likely for the cell to undergo local deformation.

[0125] In some examples, the axial direction of the receiving hole 23 is perpendicular to the first mating surface 22.

[0126] During the forming process of the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30, the receiving hole 23 can be formed simultaneously. Taking the production of the positive electrode 20 as an example, since the first mating surface 22 is a plane and the first convex arc surface 21 is an arc surface, a core is installed on the surface of the mold cavity corresponding to the first mating surface 22. After the positive electrode 20 is formed by molding, the mold can be opened along the direction perpendicular to the first mating surface 22 during demolding, and the core can be taken out along the direction perpendicular to the first mating surface 22, thereby avoiding damage to the positive electrode 20 during mold opening.

[0127] In some examples, the depth of the receiving hole 23 is equal. In some examples, the depth of the receiving hole 23 is not equal. Since both the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are hemispherical structures, the depth of the receiving hole 23 can be increased in areas where the thickness of the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30 is greater, and the depth of the receiving hole 23 can be decreased in areas where the thickness of the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30 is less.

[0128] In some examples, the receiving hole 23 on the positive electrode 20 has an opening extending to the first bonding surface 22 to replenish electrolyte to the first bonding surface 22. In some examples, the receiving hole 23 on the negative electrode 30 has an opening extending to the second bonding surface 32 to replenish electrolyte to the second bonding surface.

[0129] In some examples, the inner diameters of multiple receiving holes 23 are equal to facilitate the shaping of the receiving holes 23 and simplify the mold processing. After forming the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30, a more uniform receiving space can be formed within the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30, which also helps to improve the deformation resistance of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30.

[0130] Optionally, the inner diameter of the receiving hole 23 shall not exceed 2 nm, so that the receiving hole 23 can be used to contain the electrolyte, while the receiving hole 23 does not occupy too much space in the positive electrode 20 and / or negative electrode 30, thereby ensuring that the energy density of the positive electrode 20 and negative electrode 30 reaches the preset level. The receiving hole 23 can be a through hole or a countersunk hole of 1 nm, 1.3 nm, 1.5 nm, 1.8 nm or 2 nm.

[0131] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some examples, the multiple receiving holes 23 include a first receiving hole 231, a second receiving hole 232, and a third receiving hole 233, with varying aperture sizes. Specifically, the apertures of the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 gradually increase in size. By employing receiving holes 23 with varying apertures in combination, spaces of different sizes for containing the electrolyte are formed on the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30, resulting in a relatively dispersed distribution of the electrolyte and allowing it to fully wet the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30 material. Simultaneously, utilizing receiving holes 23 with different apertures enables the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30 to form an irregular honeycomb structure, thereby improving the deformation resistance of the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30.

[0132] In some examples, the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 are arranged alternately. The first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 can be distributed at intervals according to a certain pattern. Taking the positive electrode 20 as an example, the distribution of the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 is related to factors such as the volume, material, and energy density of the positive electrode 20. For example, the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 can all be arranged in a ring around the center of the first mating surface 22, or the third receiving hole 233, the second receiving hole 232, and the first receiving hole 231 can be distributed divergently from the inside out. In this example, the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 can also be distributed alternately on the positive electrode 20 in other ways.

[0133] In some examples, the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 on the positive electrode 20 can be through holes or countersunk holes extending to the first mating surface 22, and the first receiving hole 231, the second receiving hole 232, and the third receiving hole 233 on the negative electrode 30 can be through holes or countersunk holes extending to the second mating surface 32. The number and / or position and / or diameter of the receiving holes 23 on the positive electrode 20 and the receiving holes 23 on the negative electrode 30 can be the same or different.

[0134] Furthermore, in some examples, the diameter of the first accommodating hole 231 does not exceed 2 nm, and the first accommodating hole 231 is a small hole formed on the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30. The first accommodating hole 231 can be a through hole or a countersunk hole with a diameter of 1 nm, 1.3 nm, 1.5 nm, 1.8 nm, or 2 nm. In some examples, the diameter of the second accommodating hole 232 does not exceed 10 nm, and the diameter of the second accommodating hole 232 is larger than the diameter of the first accommodating hole 231. The second accommodating hole 232 can be a through hole or a countersunk hole with a diameter of 3 nm, 5 nm, 7 nm, 8 nm, or 10 nm. In some examples, the diameter of the third accommodating hole 233 does not exceed 25 nm, and the diameter of the hole inside the third accommodating hole 233 is larger than that of the second accommodating hole 232. The third accommodating hole 233 can be a through hole or a countersunk hole with a diameter of 12 nm, 15 nm, 18 nm, 20 nm, 23 nm, or 25 nm.

[0135] By limiting the apertures of the first accommodating hole 231, the second accommodating hole 232, and the third accommodating hole 233, the accommodating holes 23 with different apertures can be matched to accommodate more electrolyte without excessively affecting the energy density of the electrode. This helps to improve the safety performance of the battery while reducing the impact on the battery capacity.

[0136] Please see Figure 12The battery also includes a first intermediate housing 50 embedded in the positive electrode plate 20. The first intermediate housing 50 has a first receiving groove 51 for containing electrolyte. The first receiving groove 51 has a first opening 52 that extends to the first mating surface 22. The first intermediate housing 50 also has a first guide hole 53 that communicates with the first receiving groove 51.

[0137] The first inner shell 50 has a first receiving groove 51 inside, so that the inner shell 50 forms a hollow structure that can contain electrolyte. The first opening 52 connects to the first receiving groove 51, so that the electrolyte in the first receiving groove 51 can flow outward. The first opening 52 extends to the first mating surface 22, which means that the first receiving groove 51 is connected to the side of the first mating surface facing the separator 40 through the first opening 52.

[0138] The first guide hole 53 is a through hole connecting the outside of the first intermediate housing 50 and the first receiving groove 51, so that the electrolyte in the positive electrode plate 20 can enter the first receiving groove 51 through the first guide hole 53. The first guide hole 53 can be a straight hole or an oblique hole evenly distributed on the first intermediate housing 50, or it can be a through hole of other shapes.

[0139] When the positive electrode 20 is subjected to compression, the electrolyte within the positive electrode 20 can enter the first receiving tank 51 through the first guide hole 53. A certain amount of electrolyte is stored in the first receiving tank 51, allowing it to be replenished to the first mating surface 22 through the first opening 52. The electrolyte can also be replenished back into the positive electrode 20 through other first guide holes 53 to improve the uneven electrolyte distribution caused by compression. When injecting electrolyte into the battery, some electrolyte can enter the first receiving tank 51 through the first guide hole 53, allowing the first inner casing 50 to store a certain amount of electrolyte. When needed, the electrolyte in the first receiving tank 51 can be replenished to the separator 40 through the first opening 52. The outer surface of the first inner casing 50 can be hemispherical or other shapes, and the shape of the inner surface of the first inner casing 50 can be the same as or different from the outer surface.

[0140] In some examples, the positive electrode 20 is provided with the accommodating hole 23 described in the above examples, and the first flow guide hole 53 of the first housing 50 may or may not be connected to the accommodating hole 23.

[0141] In some examples, there are multiple first intermediate housings 50, which are spaced apart. By providing multiple first intermediate housings 50, multiple cavities for containing electrolyte can be formed on the positive electrode 20 near the separator 40 to replenish electrolyte at the first mating surface 22. Further, the multiple first intermediate housings 50 can be arranged in a ring around the center of the first mating surface 22. In some examples, the geometric center of the first opening 52 of the first intermediate housing 50 coincides with the center of the first mating surface 22.

[0142] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the first intermediate housing 50 is a convex arc surface. When the positive electrode 20 is subjected to an external force, the force on the positive electrode 20 is transmitted to the first intermediate housing 50, and it will also be subjected to a reaction force from the first intermediate housing 50. By forming a convex arc surface, the reaction force generated by the outer surface of the first intermediate housing 50 on the positive electrode 20 is relatively more uniform, thereby avoiding unnecessary deformation of the part of the positive electrode 20 where it is embedded in the first intermediate housing 50.

[0143] In some examples, the inner wall surface of the first receiving groove 51 is a concave arc surface. When the electrolyte flows along the inner wall surface of the first receiving groove 51, the flow direction of the electrolyte along the arc surface can be more dispersed, thereby allowing the electrolyte to flow dispersedly towards the first mating surface 22, so that the electrolyte can more fully wet the positive electrode plate 20. Furthermore, in some examples, the outer wall surface of the first intermediate housing 50 is a convex arc surface, and the inner wall surface of the first receiving groove 51 can be concentrically arranged with the arc surface of the outer wall surface of the first intermediate housing 50, or they can be disconcentrically arranged.

[0144] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the first housing 50 is a convex arc surface, the inner wall surface of the first housing 50 is a concave arc surface, and the first housing 50 has an outer ring edge and an inner ring edge located at the first opening 52, the outer ring edge and the inner ring edge coinciding with the center of the first mating surface 22.

[0145] The convex arc surface of the outer wall of the first intermediate housing 50 and the concave arc surface of the inner wall of the first receiving groove 51 are concentrically arranged. Furthermore, the geometric centers of the convex arc surface of the outer wall of the first intermediate housing 50, the concave arc surface of the inner wall of the first receiving groove 51, and the first opening 52 coincide. In this example, the geometric center of the first opening 52 also coincides with the center of the first mating surface 22, so that the first intermediate housing 50 has a hollow hemispherical or near-hemispherical structure, and the center of the hemispherical shape of the first intermediate housing 50 coincides with the center of the positive electrode plate 20.

[0146] Since the first opening 52 can be used to allow the electrolyte to flow to the first mating surface 22, by setting the first middle shell 50 at the center of the positive electrode 20, the first middle shell 50 can be used to replenish the electrolyte at the first mating surface 22, while the first middle shell 50 has less impact on the material of the positive electrode 20. When the positive electrode 20 is subjected to external force, unnecessary deformation of the material of the positive electrode 20 near the position of the first middle shell 50 can be avoided.

[0147] Please see Figure 13 In some examples, the battery also includes a second housing 60 embedded in the negative electrode plate 30, the second housing 60 having a second receiving groove 61 having a second opening 62 extending to the second mating surface 32; the second housing 60 also has a second guide hole 63 communicating with the second receiving groove 61.

[0148] The second housing 60 has a second receiving groove 61 inside, so that the interior of the second housing 60 forms a hollow structure that can accommodate electrolyte. The second opening 62 communicates with the second receiving groove 61, so that the electrolyte in the second receiving groove 61 can flow outward. The second opening 62 extends to the second mating surface 32, meaning that the second receiving groove 61 is connected to the side of the second mating surface facing the separator 40 through the second opening 62.

[0149] The second guide hole 63 is a through hole connecting the outside of the second intermediate housing 60 and the second receiving groove 61, so that the electrolyte in the negative electrode plate 30 can enter the second receiving groove 61 through the second guide hole 63. The second guide hole 63 can be a straight hole or an oblique hole evenly distributed on the second intermediate housing 60, or it can be a through hole of other shapes.

[0150] When the negative electrode 30 is subjected to compression, the electrolyte within the negative electrode 30 can enter the second receiving tank 61 through the second guide hole 63. The second receiving tank 61 stores a certain amount of electrolyte, which can then be replenished to the second mating surface 32 through the second opening 62. The electrolyte can also be replenished back into the negative electrode 30 through other second guide holes 63 to improve the uneven electrolyte distribution caused by compression. When injecting electrolyte into the battery, some electrolyte can enter the second receiving tank 61 through the second guide hole 63, allowing the second inner casing 60 to store a certain amount of electrolyte. When needed, the electrolyte in the second receiving tank 61 can be replenished to the separator 40 through the second opening 62. By replenishing the second mating surface 32 with the electrolyte from the second receiving tank 61, lithium plating at the second mating surface 32 can be avoided, thus improving battery safety.

[0151] In some examples, the second housing 60 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first housing 50. In some examples, the second housing 60 and the first housing 50 are offset from each other on both sides of the spacer 40. This offset arrangement means that, when projected onto a plane parallel to the first mating surface 22, the projections of the first housing 50 and the second housing 60 are at least partially separate. In some examples, the shape and size of the second housing 60 are consistent with those of the first housing 50.

[0152] The outer surface of the second housing 60 can be hemispherical or other shapes, and the inner surface of the second housing 60 can be the same as or different from the outer surface.

[0153] In some examples, the negative electrode 30 is provided with the receiving hole 23 described in the above example, and the second flow guide hole 63 of the second housing 60 may or may not be connected to the receiving hole 23.

[0154] In some examples, there are multiple second intermediate shells 60, which are spaced apart. By providing multiple second intermediate shells 60, multiple cavities for containing electrolyte can be formed on the negative electrode 30 near the separator 40 to replenish electrolyte at the second mating surface 32. Further, the multiple second intermediate shells 60 can be arranged in a ring around the center of the second mating surface 32. In some examples, multiple first intermediate shells 50 are embedded in the positive electrode 20, and the multiple second intermediate shells 60 and the multiple first intermediate shells 50 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the separator 40; or, the multiple second intermediate shells 60 and the multiple first intermediate shells 50 are staggered on both sides of the separator 40. In some examples, the geometric center of the second opening 62 of the second intermediate shell 60 coincides with the center of the second mating surface 32.

[0155] In some examples, when projected onto a plane parallel to the second mating surface 32, the first opening 52 overlaps with the second opening 62. The first opening 52 and the second opening 62 are respectively used to replenish electrolyte on both sides of the separator 40 to avoid lithium plating or electrolyte bridging in the battery, thereby helping to extend the battery life and reduce thermal runaway.

[0156] In some examples, the first intermediate housing 50 and the second intermediate housing 60 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the separator 40. The positions of the first intermediate housing 50 and the second intermediate housing 60 correspond, and the shapes of the first intermediate housing 50 and the second intermediate housing 60 are the same, so that the deformation resistance of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 is the same or similar. At the same time, the electrolyte accumulated in the first receiving groove 51 and the second receiving groove 61 can be replenished to the corresponding electrode materials to ensure the cycle performance of the battery cell.

[0157] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the second housing 60 is a convex arc surface. When the negative electrode 30 is subjected to an external force, the force on the negative electrode 30 is transmitted to the second housing 60, and it will also be subjected to a reaction force from the second housing 60. By forming a convex arc surface, the reaction force generated by the outer surface of the second housing 60 on the negative electrode 30 is made more uniform and dispersed, thereby avoiding unnecessary deformation of the part of the negative electrode 30 where the second housing 60 is embedded.

[0158] In some examples, the inner wall surface of the second receiving groove 61 is a concave arc surface. When the electrolyte flows along the inner wall surface of the second receiving groove 61, the flow direction of the electrolyte along the arc surface can be more dispersed, thereby allowing the electrolyte to flow dispersedly towards the second mating surface 32, so that the electrolyte can more fully wet the negative electrode plate 30. Furthermore, in some examples, the outer wall surface of the second intermediate housing 60 is a convex arc surface, and the inner wall surface of the second receiving groove 61 can be concentrically arranged with the arc surface where the outer wall surface of the second intermediate housing 60 is located, or they can be disconcentrically arranged.

[0159] In some examples, the outer wall surface of the second housing 60 is a convex arc surface, the inner wall surface of the second housing 60 is a concave arc surface, and the second housing 60 has an outer ring edge and an inner ring edge located at the second opening 62, the outer ring edge and the inner ring edge coinciding with the center of the second mating surface 32.

[0160] The convex arc surface of the outer wall of the second housing 60 and the concave arc surface of the inner wall of the second receiving groove 61 are concentrically arranged. Furthermore, the geometric centers of the convex arc surface of the outer wall of the second housing 60, the concave arc surface of the inner wall of the second receiving groove 61, and the second opening 62 coincide. In this example, the geometric center of the second opening 62 also coincides with the center of the second mating surface 32, so that the second housing 60 has a hollow hemispherical or near-hemispherical structure, and the center of the hemispherical shape of the second housing 60 coincides with the center of the negative electrode plate 30.

[0161] Since the second opening 62 can be used to supply electrolyte to the second mating surface 32, by setting the second inner shell 60 at the center of the negative electrode 30, the second inner shell 60 can be used to replenish electrolyte to the second mating surface 32, while the second inner shell 60 has less impact on the negative electrode 30 material. When the negative electrode 30 is subjected to external force, unnecessary deformation of the negative electrode 30 material near the second inner shell 60 can be avoided.

[0162] Please see Figures 1 to 3 and in conjunction with reference Figure 14In some examples, the outer casing 10 includes a first outer casing 11 and a second outer casing 12. The first outer casing 11 has a hemispherical outer surface and a hemispherical first chamber 111 and a first opening 112 communicating with the first chamber 111. One of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 is disposed in the first chamber 111. The second outer casing 12 has a hemispherical second chamber 121 and a second opening 122 communicating with the second chamber 121. The other of the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 is disposed in the second chamber 121. The first opening 112 and the second opening 122 are connected to each other so that the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 121 are connected to form an installation cavity.

[0163] The first outer shell 11 has a hemispherical first chamber 111, meaning that a hollow chamber is recessed inside the first outer shell 11, and the inner wall surface of the hollow chamber is hemispherical. The first opening 112 is the open portion of the first outer shell 11, used to place the electrode into the first chamber 111. The first outer shell 11 also has a hemispherical outer surface. In some examples, the center of the arc surface of the outer surface of the first outer shell 11 coincides with the center of the arc surface of the inner surface of the first outer shell 11, so that when the first outer shell 11 is subjected to external force, the force transmitted to the electrode inside the first outer shell 11 is relatively dispersed and uniform, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven electrolyte dispersion caused by uneven force on the electrode.

[0164] The second outer shell 12 has a hemispherical second chamber 121, meaning that a hollow chamber is recessed inside the second outer shell 12, and the inner wall surface of the hollow chamber is hemispherical. The second opening 122 is the open portion of the second outer shell 12, used to insert the electrode into the second chamber 121. For ease of description, the following explanation uses the example of the positive electrode 20 being installed in the first chamber 111 and the negative electrode 30 being installed in the second chamber 121.

[0165] By setting the first outer shell 11 and the second outer shell 12 to cooperate, the interior of the outer shell 10 can be combined to form a spherical mounting cavity. During installation, the first outer shell 11 serves as the outer shell 10 of the positive electrode 20, and the second outer shell 12 serves as the outer shell 10 of the negative electrode 30. After installation, they are assembled to form a battery cell.

[0166] In this example, the first housing 11 can be made of aluminum, and the second housing 12 can be made of stainless steel. Other materials can also be selected as needed.

[0167] In some examples, conductive adhesive layers are respectively disposed inside the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, forming a conductor. Correspondingly, a first conductive adhesive layer is disposed inside the first housing 11, and a second conductive adhesive layer is disposed inside the second housing 12. When the positive electrode 20 is installed inside the first housing 11 covered with the first conductive adhesive layer, the first housing 11 forms the positive electrode; when the negative electrode 30 is installed inside the second housing 12 covered with the second conductive adhesive layer, the second housing 12 forms the negative electrode. A separator 40 is placed between the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, and the first opening 112 and the second opening 122 are aligned to form a spherical battery.

[0168] Please see Figure 13 In some examples, the second housing 12 has a hemispherical outer surface, and the outer surface of the first housing 11 and the outer surface of the second housing 12 are joined together to form a spherical surface.

[0169] The outer surface of the first outer shell 11 and the outer surface of the second outer shell 12 are spliced ​​together to form a spherical surface. This means that after the first opening 112 and the second opening 122 are connected to each other, the outer surfaces of the first outer shell 11 and the outer surfaces of the second outer shell 12 are spliced ​​together to form a spherical surface.

[0170] By adopting a hemispherical outer surface, the force distribution of the first outer shell 11 and the second outer shell 12 is more dispersed and uniform when subjected to external force, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive electrolyte being squeezed out due to uneven local force caused by the outer shell 10 being squeezed by external force on the battery cell.

[0171] Furthermore, in some examples, the first intermediate shell 50 described in the aforementioned example is embedded in the positive electrode 20, and the second intermediate shell 60 described in the aforementioned example is embedded in the negative electrode 30. The first outer shell 11 and the second outer shell 12 cooperate to make the forces on the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 relatively evenly distributed. At the same time, the first intermediate shell 50 and the second intermediate shell 60 cooperate to store the squeezed electrolyte in the middle of the cell. When the positive or negative electrode needs to be cycled, the electrolyte can be replenished in time to ensure the cycle performance of the battery.

[0172] In some examples, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are detachably connected. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 can be interlocked, or they can be connected and fixed together by a connector 13. By using a detachable connection, it is convenient to process the positive and negative terminals of the battery separately, and then assemble them together.

[0173] Furthermore, in some examples, the battery also includes a connector 13, through which the first outer casing 11 is connected to the second outer casing 12. The connector 13 can be connected to the first outer casing 11 and / or the second outer casing 12 by means of threaded connection, snap-fit, or adhesive bonding, to achieve a detachable connection between the first outer casing 11 and the second outer casing 12. Multiple connectors 13 can be used to connect and fix the first outer casing 11 and the second outer casing 12 to each other. Alternatively, there can be only one connector 13. In some examples, the connector 13 is located inside the battery, and when the first opening 112 and the second opening 122 are aligned, the connector 13 is connected and fixed to the first outer casing 11 and the second outer casing 12 respectively, thereby achieving the interconnection between the two.

[0174] In some examples, connector 13 is connected to the outer wall surfaces of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. When the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are docked, connector 13 connects the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 from the outside. Connector 13 does not interfere with the battery cell inside the housing 10, thereby avoiding uneven force and uneven electrolyte distribution caused by local interference in the battery cell.

[0175] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 14 Furthermore, in some examples, the connector 13 is annular; the connector 13 is disposed around the outer surface of the housing 10.

[0176] The connector 13 can be threadedly connected to the first housing 11 and / or the second housing 12. For example, during installation, the first housing 11 and the connector 13 are fixed to each other, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall surface of the connector 13. An external thread is provided on the end of the second housing 12 near the second opening 122. The second housing 12 is screwed into the inside of the connector 13 and fixed by the thread.

[0177] In some examples, the positive electrode 20 is disposed in the first chamber 111, and the negative electrode 30 is disposed in the second chamber 121; the battery also includes a first conductive adhesive layer (not shown in the figure), which is disposed between the first convex arc surface 21 and the inner wall surface of the first chamber 111. The first conductive adhesive layer is laid on the inner wall surface of the first chamber 111, and the side end face of the first conductive adhesive layer facing away from the inner wall surface of the first chamber 111 is attached to the first convex arc surface 21; the first conductive adhesive layer is used to cooperate with the positive electrode 20 to form the positive electrode of the battery cell.

[0178] In some examples, the battery further includes a second conductive adhesive layer (not shown in the figure), which is disposed between the second convex surface 31 and the inner wall surface of the second chamber 121. The second conductive adhesive layer is laid on the inner wall surface of the second chamber 121, and the end face of the second conductive adhesive layer facing away from the inner wall surface of the second chamber 121 is attached to the second convex surface 31. The second conductive adhesive layer is used to cooperate with the negative electrode 30 to form the negative electrode of the battery cell.

[0179] In some examples, the positive electrode 20 is disposed in the first chamber 111, and the negative electrode 30 is disposed in the second chamber 121. The battery further includes a first conductive adhesive layer and a second conductive adhesive layer. The first conductive adhesive layer is laid on the inner wall surface of the first chamber 111, and the end face of the first conductive adhesive layer facing away from the inner wall surface of the first chamber 111 is attached to the first convex arc surface 21. The second conductive adhesive layer is laid on the inner wall surface of the second chamber 121, and the end face of the second conductive adhesive layer facing away from the inner wall surface of the second chamber 121 is attached to the second convex arc surface 31. The first conductive adhesive layer is used to cooperate with the positive electrode 20 to form the positive electrode of the battery cell; the second conductive adhesive layer is used to cooperate with the negative electrode 30 to form the negative electrode of the battery cell. The positive and negative electrodes are combined to form the battery cell.

[0180] Based on the battery examples described above, this application also proposes an example of an electrical device, which includes a battery as described in any of the above examples.

[0181] It is worth noting that since the examples of the electrical devices in this application are based on the examples of the batteries described above, the examples of the electrical devices in this application include all the technical solutions of all the examples of the batteries described above, and the technical effects achieved are exactly the same, so they will not be repeated here.

[0182] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 14In one example, the battery has a hemispherical first outer casing 11 and a hemispherical second outer casing 12. A first chamber 111 is formed inside the first outer casing 11, and a first conductive adhesive layer is laid on the inner wall of the first chamber 111. A positive electrode 20 with a first convex arc surface 21 is disposed within the first chamber 111, and the first convex arc surface 21 is attached to the first conductive adhesive layer to form the positive electrode of the battery cell. The positive electrode 20 has a first bonding surface 22, which is a circular plane. A second chamber 121 is formed inside the second outer casing 12, and a second conductive adhesive layer is laid on the inner wall of the second chamber 121. A negative electrode 30 with a second convex arc surface 31 is disposed within the second chamber 121, and the second convex arc surface 31 is attached to the second conductive adhesive layer to form the negative electrode of the battery cell. The negative electrode 30 has a second bonding surface 32, which is a circular plane. An separator 40 is disposed inside the battery, between a first mating surface 22 and a second mating surface 32. The first mating surface 22 and the second mating surface 32 are positioned opposite each other, so that the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator 40 are combined to form a spherical battery cell. The overall shape of the battery is spherical. A connector 13 is disposed on the outside of the outer casing 10, surrounding the connection between the first outer casing 11 and the second outer casing 12, so that the connector 13 fixes the first outer casing 11 and the second outer casing 12 to each other.

[0183] Because the battery is spherical, when subjected to external forces, the force transmitted to the internal cells is dispersed to a certain extent, preventing stress concentration within the cells. Since both the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 are hemispherical, the stress on the positive and / or negative electrodes of the cell is relatively uniform. This ensures that the electrolyte saturation in different parts of the positive and negative electrodes is closer to or the same, thus ensuring consistent lithium-ion performance in both electrodes.

[0184] The positive electrode 20 and / or negative electrode 30 are provided with receiving holes 23 for containing electrolyte. This allows the electrolyte that is squeezed out by the force to be contained in the receiving holes 23. The electrolyte can replenish the parts with relatively less electrolyte in a timely manner, thereby making the electrolyte saturation of each part in the positive and / or negative electrodes closer or the same, and avoiding lithium plating caused by uneven electrolyte distribution.

[0185] Furthermore, a first hollow inner shell 50 is embedded in the positive electrode 20 and / or the negative electrode 30, and a second hollow inner shell 60 is embedded in the negative electrode 30. The hollow structure of the first inner shell 50 and the second inner shell 60 can promptly store the electrolyte squeezed out of the electrode during the charging process in the middle of the cell, thereby achieving electrolyte liquid sealing of the electrode and ensuring that the electrode dynamics are not affected by the electrolyte.

[0186] By using the above-mentioned batteries in electrical devices, thermal runaway of the batteries in electrical devices can be prevented, and short circuits in the batteries of electrical devices can be avoided, thereby effectively improving the electrical safety of electrical devices.

[0187] The above descriptions are merely optional examples of this application and do not limit the scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of this application's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A battery, wherein, include: The outer casing has a spherical mounting cavity. A positive electrode sheet is disposed in the mounting cavity; the positive electrode sheet has a hemispherical structure and has a first convex arc surface and a first mating surface connected to the first convex arc surface; A negative electrode sheet is disposed in the mounting cavity; the negative electrode sheet has a hemispherical structure and has a second convex arc surface and a second mating surface connected to the second convex arc surface; as well as An isolation element is disposed in the mounting cavity and located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The first mating surface and the second mating surface are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the isolation element so that the positive electrode sheet, the isolation element and the negative electrode sheet are spliced ​​together to form a spherical structure. The outer casing contains an electrolyte, which wets the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator form a battery cell structure, and the inner wall of the mounting cavity can support the outer surface of the battery cell structure.

2. The battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The positive electrode and / or the negative electrode are provided with a plurality of accommodating holes for holding electrolyte.

3. The battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The plurality of accommodating holes are spaced apart.

4. The battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein, Both the positive electrode and the negative electrode are provided with a plurality of receiving holes, and the receiving holes on the positive electrode are correspondingly arranged with the receiving holes on the negative electrode.

5. The battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The axial direction of the receiving hole is perpendicular to the first mating surface.

6. The battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The inner diameters of the plurality of accommodating holes are equal.

7. The battery as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The inner diameter of the accommodating hole does not exceed 2 nm.

8. The battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The plurality of receiving holes include a first receiving hole, a second receiving hole, and a third receiving hole, wherein the diameters of the first receiving hole, the second receiving hole, and the third receiving hole are of different sizes.

9. The battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The diameter of the first accommodating hole does not exceed 2 nm, and / or the diameter of the second accommodating hole does not exceed 10 nm, and / or the diameter of the third accommodating hole does not exceed 25 nm.

10. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The battery also includes: A first intermediate shell is embedded in the positive electrode plate. The first intermediate shell has a first receiving groove for containing electrolyte. The first receiving groove has a first opening that extends to the first mating surface. The first intermediate shell also has a first guide hole that communicates with the first receiving groove.

11. The battery of claim 10, wherein, The outer wall surface of the first type of shell is a convex arc surface.

12. The battery of claim 10, wherein, The inner wall surface of the first receiving groove is a concave arc surface.

13. The battery of claim 10, wherein, The outer wall surface of the first intermediate shell is a convex arc surface, and the inner wall surface of the first intermediate shell is a concave arc surface. The first intermediate shell has an outer ring edge and an inner ring edge located at the first opening, and the outer ring edge and the inner ring edge coincide with the center of the first joint surface.

14. The battery of claim 10, wherein, The battery also includes: The second housing is embedded in the negative electrode plate. The second housing has a second receiving groove for containing electrolyte. The second receiving groove has a second opening that extends to the second mating surface. The second housing also has a second guide hole that connects to the second receiving groove.

15. The battery of claim 14, wherein, Projected onto a plane parallel to the second mating surface, the first opening overlaps with the second opening.

16. The battery of claim 14, wherein, The first and second inner shells are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the isolation member.

17. The battery of claim 14, wherein, The outer wall surface of the second type of shell is a convex arc surface.

18. The battery of claim 14, wherein, The inner wall surface of the second receiving groove is a concave arc surface.

19. The battery of claim 14, wherein, The outer wall surface of the second housing is a convex arc surface, and the inner wall surface of the second housing is a concave arc surface. The second housing has an outer ring edge and an inner ring edge located at the second opening, and the outer ring edge and the inner ring edge coincide with the center of the second mating surface.

20. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The outer casing includes: A first outer casing, the first outer casing having a hemispherical outer surface, a hemispherical first chamber recessed within the first outer casing, and a first opening communicating with the first chamber; one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is disposed in the first chamber; and The second outer casing has a hemispherical second chamber recessed within it and a second opening communicating with the second chamber; one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is disposed in the second chamber; the first opening and the second opening are opposite to each other, so that the first chamber and the second chamber are connected to form the mounting cavity.

21. The battery of claim 20, wherein, The second outer shell has a hemispherical outer surface, and the outer surface of the first outer shell and the outer surface of the second outer shell are joined together to form a spherical surface.

22. The battery of claim 20, wherein, The first outer shell and the second outer shell are detachably connected.

23. The battery of claim 22, wherein, The battery also includes: A connector is provided, through which the first housing is connected to the second housing.

24. The battery of claim 23, wherein, The connector is attached to the outer wall surfaces of the first housing and the second housing.

25. The battery of claim 24, wherein, The connector is ring-shaped; the connector is arranged around the outer surface of the housing.

26. The battery of claim 20, wherein, The positive electrode is disposed in the first chamber, and the negative electrode is disposed in the second chamber; the battery further includes: A first conductive adhesive layer is disposed between the first convex arc surface and the inner wall surface of the first cavity; And / or, a second conductive adhesive layer is disposed between the second convex arc surface and the inner wall surface of the second chamber.

27. An electrical appliance, wherein, Includes the battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 26.

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