A dilator

Abstract

The application discloses a dilator, which comprises a circular ring for supporting a vagina and a first connecting piece, a plurality of the circular rings can move on the first connecting piece to change the interval, the circular ring is provided with an adjusting assembly capable of adjusting the radial size of the circular ring, a plurality of groups of the adjusting assemblies are connected through a second connecting piece, and the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are connected with a group of operating mechanisms; the application sets a plurality of coaxial circular rings which are connected with each other to support the vagina of a patient, the outer diameter of the plurality of circular rings can be freely adjusted, the plurality of circular rings can be uniformly supported in a circumferential shape, the field of view of the vagina wall after being supported is better, meanwhile, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are located at the edge of the circular ring, so that the middle space surrounded by the circular ring is not affected, and the field of view is better. The axial distance of the plurality of circular rings can also be adjusted, the inspection requirement of medical staff and the comfort requirement of the patient are considered, the structure is cleverly arranged, and the dilator has high practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a vaginal speculum. Background Technology

[0002] When diagnosing patients or performing vaginal surgery, hospitals often need to fully expose the patient's cervix and vaginal tissues to ensure effective instrument placement and a clear surgical or treatment field of vision, allowing for more detailed observation and medical procedures. Current technology typically uses a two-piece duckbill endoscope to open the vagina. However, the wide upper and lower sections of the duckbill endoscope can scratch the vaginal wall, and the two-piece design limits its opening to a single direction (up / down or left / right), resulting in insufficient visibility for medical staff. Furthermore, it presents inconvenience when using other medical instruments for subsequent examinations or treatments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vaginal speculum.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a vaginal speculum, comprising a plurality of rings for supporting the vagina and a first connector for connecting the plurality of rings. The plurality of rings are coaxially spaced on the first connector and the plurality of rings are movable along their own axial direction on the first connector to change the spacing between the plurality of rings. Each ring is provided with an adjustment component that can adjust its own radial size. The plurality of adjustment components are connected to each other by a second connector. The first connector and the second connector are both connected to a set of operating mechanisms. The user adjusts the first connector and the second connector through the operating mechanisms to adjust the axial spacing between the plurality of rings and the radial size of each ring.

[0005] Furthermore, the plurality of rings arranged along the axial direction include a first ring and a last ring located at the ends, and a plurality of intermediate rings located between the first ring and the last ring. The first connector and the second connector are sequentially connected to the first ring, the plurality of intermediate rings and the last ring. The operating mechanism is located on the side of the last ring away from the first ring and is connected to both the first connector and the second connector.

[0006] Furthermore, the first connecting member includes a screw, which is rotatably connected to the first ring and threadedly connected to a plurality of intermediate rings and the last ring. The screw passes through the last ring in a direction away from the first ring and is connected to the operating mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the rings has a gap along its own radial direction, and the gap divides the ring to form a first end and a second end in the circumference, and the adjustment component is located on the ring near the second end.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjusting assembly includes a slide rod disposed at the first end, a plurality of protruding teeth disposed on the slide rod, and a third gear meshing with the plurality of protruding teeth; the slide rod is arc-shaped matching the ring and is disposed on the side of the first end near the second end along the circumference of the ring; the plurality of protruding teeth are evenly spaced on the slide rod in a circumferential shape matching the slide rod; the second end has a groove for the slide rod to slide in; the third gear is rotatably disposed in the groove and meshes with the plurality of protruding teeth; and the second connecting member connects the plurality of third gears.

[0009] Furthermore, there are several second connecting members, and several second connecting members are disposed between every two adjacent third gears along the axial direction of the ring, that is, the number of second connecting members is one less than the number of third gears;

[0010] The second connecting member includes a telescopic rod, the two ends of which are respectively fixed to two corresponding third gears. A plurality of third gears are sequentially connected through a plurality of telescopic rods and can rotate synchronously. The end of the telescopic rod located between the middle ring and the end ring passes through the end ring and is connected to the operating mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the operating mechanism includes a control lever, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, and an operating component; the control lever has a groove for accommodating the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the operating component; the first rotating shaft is connected to the telescopic rod closest to the end ring and is coaxial with the telescopic rod; the second rotating shaft is connected to one end of the screw that passes through the end ring and is coaxial with the screw; the operating component is disposed between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft to drive the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first rotating shaft is longer than or shorter than the second rotating shaft, and the operating component includes a drive gear, a first gear, a second gear, and a moving part for moving the drive gear axially;

[0013] The first gear is coaxially disposed at the end of the first rotating shaft away from the telescopic rod, and the second gear is coaxially disposed at the end of the second rotating shaft away from the screw. The driving gear is rotatably disposed between the first gear and the second gear. The moving member can change the position of the driving gear so that it meshes with the first gear or with the second gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive gear is rotatably disposed in the groove via a third rotating shaft. The third rotating shaft is parallel to both the first and second rotating shafts and is located between the first and second rotating shafts. The end of the third rotating shaft away from the end ring extends through the control rod and is fixedly fitted with a knob. The drive gear can rotate with the rotation of the third rotating shaft and can move along the third rotating axis with the cooperation of the moving member.

[0015] Furthermore, the moving component includes a connecting rod and a sliding key. Annular grooves are formed on both axial sides of the drive gear. The connecting rod has two grooves corresponding to the two annular grooves. One end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the corresponding annular groove, and the other end passes through the control rod and extends outwards. The control rod has a straight groove along the axial direction of the third rotating shaft, and the straight groove communicates with the recess. Both sliding rods can slide within the straight groove along its length. The sliding key is located at the end of the two connecting rods that extends outwards from the control rod.

[0016] The vaginal speculum of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: It comprises several coaxially arranged and interconnected rings to open the patient's vagina. The outer diameter of these rings can be freely adjusted according to the different physical conditions of different patients, and all rings can be evenly expanded outward in a circumferential shape, resulting in a better field of vision of the opened vaginal wall. Simultaneously, the first and second connecting members used to connect the rings are located at the edges of the rings, thus not affecting the central space enclosed by the rings, further enhancing the field of vision. Furthermore, the axial distance between the rings can also be adjusted according to different examination needs, taking into account both the examination needs of medical personnel and the comfort needs of patients. The ingenious structural design makes it highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a vaginal speculum according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial top cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a vaginal dilator according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a vaginal speculum according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a vaginal speculum according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the control rod in one embodiment of a vaginal dilator according to the present invention.

[0025] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0026] Ring 1, First Ring 11, Last Ring 12, Middle Ring 13, First End 14, Second End 15;

[0027] First connector 2;

[0028] Second connecting piece 3, outer rod 31, inner rod 32, slider 33, elastic element 34, cavity 35, protruding edge 36;

[0029] Operating mechanism 4, control lever 41, first rotating shaft 42, second rotating shaft 43, operating component 44, drive gear 441, first gear 442, second gear 443, third rotating shaft 444, knob 445, annular groove 446, connecting rod 447, sliding key 448, straight groove 449, groove 45;

[0030] Adjustment component 5, slide bar 51, toothed 52, third gear 53, arc groove 54, slide groove 55. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A vaginal speculum of the present invention includes a plurality of rings 1 for supporting the vagina, a first connector 2 for connecting the plurality of rings 1, a second connector 3 disposed between the plurality of rings 1, and an operating mechanism 4 for controlling the first connector 2 and the second connector 3. The plurality of rings 1 are evenly spaced axially on the first connector 2 and are coaxial. Each ring 1 is provided with an adjusting component 5 capable of adjusting its radial size. The plurality of adjusting components 5 are connected to each other via the second connector 3. The user adjusts the first connector 2 and the second connector 3 through the operating mechanism 4 to adjust the axial spacing between the plurality of rings 1 and the radial size of each ring 1. The first connector 2, the second connector 3, and the operating mechanism 4 are all located on one side of the plurality of rings 1.

[0033] For ease of structural description, the plurality of rings 1 include a first ring 11 and a last ring 12 located at the ends, and a plurality of intermediate rings 13 located between the first ring 11 and the last ring 12. The first ring 11, the plurality of intermediate rings 13, and the last ring 12 are arranged coaxially in sequence, and the first ring 11, the plurality of intermediate rings 13, and the last ring 12 are of the same specifications. Each of the first ring 11, the plurality of intermediate rings 13, and the last ring 12 is provided with an adjustment component 5 capable of adjusting its radial size. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first ring 11, the plurality of intermediate rings 13, and the last ring 12 are all provided with gaps along their own radial direction, and the gaps divide the ring 1 to form a first end 14 and a second end 15 in the circumferential direction. The adjusting component 5 is disposed near the second end 15. Each ring 1 is capable of circumferential deformation. The adjusting component 5 includes a slide rod 51 disposed at the first end 14, a plurality of protruding teeth 52 disposed on the slide rod 51, and a third gear 53 that meshes with the plurality of protruding teeth 52. The slide rod 51 is arc-shaped to match the ring 1 and is disposed on the side of the first end 14 near the second end 15 along the circumference of the ring 1. An arc-shaped groove 54 is provided on the slide rod 51 along its own circumferential direction, and the arc-shaped groove 54 extends through the slide rod 51 axially. A plurality of protruding teeth 52 are evenly spaced along a circumference matching the slide rod 51. Specifically, the protruding teeth 52 are located on the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 54. The second end 15 has a sliding groove 55 for the slide rod 51 to slide within, and the sliding groove 55 extends through the first end 14 towards the first end 14. The sliding groove 55 is arc-shaped, and the arc shape of the sliding groove 55 matches the arc shape of the slide rod 51 so that the slide rod 51 can slide along its length in the sliding groove 55. The third gear 53 is rotatably disposed in the sliding groove 55 and meshes with the plurality of protruding teeth 52. When the third gear 53 rotates, it can drive the slide rod 51 to move along its own circumference.

[0034] The first connecting member 2 includes a screw. One end of the screw is rotatably connected to the side of the first ring 11 facing the middle ring 13. The other end of the screw passes through several middle rings 13 and the last ring 12 in sequence and is connected to the operating mechanism 4. The screw is threadedly connected to the several middle rings 13 and the last ring 12. The screw is provided with threaded segments corresponding to each of the rings in sequence. The pitch of the threads on each adjacent threaded segment of the screw from the first ring 11 to the last ring 12 increases sequentially, and the diameter of each adjacent threaded segment of the screw from the first ring 11 to the last ring 12 decreases sequentially.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 Adjacent adjusting components 5 are connected by the second connecting member 3, enabling them to move together. Several second connecting members 3 are arranged along the axial direction of the ring 1 between every two adjacent third gears 53, meaning the number of second connecting members 3 is one less than the number of third gears 53. Each second connecting member 3 includes a telescopic rod, with both ends of the telescopic rod fixed to two adjacent third gears 53. The telescopic rod includes an outer rod 31, an inner rod 32, a slider 33, and an elastic element 34. The telescopic rod located between the first ring 11 and the adjacent middle ring 13 has its outer rod 31 positioned on the side of the first ring 11 facing the middle ring 13 and perpendicular to the plane of the first ring 11. That is, the axis of the outer rod 31 is parallel to the axis of the first ring 11. The outer rod 31 is connected to the third gear 53 in the first ring 11 to rotate synchronously with the third gear 53. The outer rod 31 has a cavity 35 along its axis for the inner rod 32 to slide through. The cavity 35 extends through the outer rod 31 away from the first ring 11. The cross-section of the cavity 35 is rectangular, and the opening of the cavity 35 extending radially from the outside to the inside of the outer rod 31 forms a convex edge 36. The inner rod 32 is located on the side of the middle ring 13 facing the first ring 11 and is perpendicular to the middle ring 13. The inner rod 32 is connected to the third gear 53 at the middle ring 13 so that it can rotate synchronously with the third gear 53. The inner rod 32 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding outer rod 31, and its end away from the middle ring 13 extends into the cavity 35 and can slide along its own length within the cavity 35. The outer diameter of the inner rod 32 matches the space enclosed by the convex edge 36. The slider 33 is located at one end of the inner rod 32 that extends into the cavity 35, and the slider 33 is rectangular and matches the cavity 35. The slider 33 is slidably connected to the cavity 35, and the protruding edge 36 prevents the slider 33 from sliding out of the cavity 35. The elastic element 34 is located between the slider 33 and the bottom wall of the cavity 35. In the illustrated embodiment, the elastic element 34 is defined as a helical spring, which is arranged along the axial direction of the outer rod. One end of the helical spring is connected to the slider 33, and the other end of the helical spring is connected to the bottom wall of the cavity 35. The telescopic rod located between two adjacent intermediate rings 13, and the telescopic rod located between the intermediate ring 13 and the end ring 12, have the same structure and principle as the telescopic rod located between the first ring 11 and the intermediate ring 13 described above, and therefore will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that the inner rod 32 of the telescopic rod located between the middle ring 13 and the end ring 12 passes through the end ring 12 and is connected to the operating mechanism 4.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The operating mechanism 4 includes a control rod 41, a first rotating shaft 42, a second rotating shaft 43, and an operating component 44. The control rod 41 is fixed to the side of the final ring 12 away from the intermediate ring 13, and is arranged along the axial direction of the ring 1. The control rod 41 has a groove 45 for accommodating the first rotating shaft 42, the second rotating shaft 43, and the operating component 44. The first rotating shaft 42 is rotatably disposed within the groove 45 and coaxially arranged with the telescopic rod closest to the final ring 12, and is connected to the inner rod 32 of the telescopic rod. The second rotating shaft 43 is rotatably disposed within the groove 45 and connected to one end of the screw that passes through the final ring 12. The second rotating shaft 43 is coaxially arranged with the screw, and is longer than or shorter than the first rotating shaft 42. In the illustrated embodiment, the second rotating shaft 43 is longer than the first rotating shaft 42. The operating component 44 includes a drive gear 441, a first gear 442, a second gear 443, and a movable component for axially moving the drive gear 441. The first gear 442 is coaxially disposed at the end of the first rotating shaft 42 away from the telescopic rod, and the second gear 443 is coaxially disposed at the end of the second rotating shaft 43 away from the screw. The drive gear 441 is rotatably disposed in the groove 45 between the first gear 442 and the second gear 443 via a third rotating shaft 444. The third rotating shaft 444 is parallel to both the first rotating shaft 42 and the second rotating shaft 43. The drive gear 441 is damped and slidably disposed on the third rotating shaft 444, and the drive gear 441 can rotate with the rotation of the third rotating shaft 444. The end of the third rotating shaft 444 away from the end ring 12 extends through the control rod 41 and is fixedly mounted with a knob 445. Annular grooves 446 are formed on both axial sides of the drive gear 441. The moving component includes a connecting rod 447 and a sliding key 448. The connecting rods 447 are respectively connected to the annular grooves 446 on both sides of the driving gear 441. The two connecting rods 447 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving gear 441. Each connecting rod 447 is L-shaped, including a horizontal section and a vertical section that are perpendicular to each other. One end of the vertical section extends into the annular groove 446 and is slidably connected to it. One end of the horizontal section is connected to the other end of the vertical section. The other end of the horizontal section extends out of the control rod 41 in a direction parallel to the radial direction of the final circular ring 12. Figure 3As shown, a straight groove 449 is formed on the side of the control lever 41 near the axis of the end ring 12. The straight groove 449 is formed along the axial direction of the third rotating shaft 444 and communicates with the groove 45. Both connecting rods 447 can slide with damping along the length of the straight groove 449. When the two connecting rods 447 are located in the straight groove 449 near the end of the end ring 12, the driving gear 441 meshes with the first gear 442. When the two connecting rods 447 are located in the straight groove 449 away from the end ring 12, the driving gear 441 meshes with the second gear 443. The sliding key 448 is provided at the end of the two connecting rods 447 that extends out of the control lever 41.

[0037] One embodiment of the vaginal dilator of the present invention operates as follows: In the initial state, several of the rings 1 are in the state of having the smallest outer diameter, that is, the slide rod 51 is completely retracted into the corresponding slide groove 55, and the end wall of the slide rod 51 is in contact with the bottom wall of the slide groove 55.

[0038] In use, first adjust the spacing between the rings 1 so that the distance between the first ring 11 and the last ring 12 matches the length the speculum needs to be inserted into the patient's body. If the axial spacing between the first ring 11 and the last ring 12 is greater than the required length, inserting the excess length into the patient's body will cause greater discomfort, while leaving the excess length exposed outside the patient's body will affect the vision of medical staff and hinder their subsequent operations with other medical instruments. The adjustment steps are as follows: Slide the slide key 448 to the position furthest from the last ring 12 in its own stroke. At this time, the drive gear 441 and the second gear 443 mesh. Rotate the knob 445, which drives the third shaft 444 to rotate, thereby driving the drive gear 441 to rotate. The second gear 443 rotates with the drive gear 441, thereby driving the screw to rotate. Since the rings 1 are connected by several telescopic rods, the rings 1 cannot rotate relative to each other. Therefore, the rotation of the screw will cause the rings to move axially to change the distance between them. During this process, the distance between several rings 1 increases or decreases. When the distance decreases, several inner rods 32 will gradually insert into the corresponding cavities 35; when the distance increases, the inner rods 32 will extend out of the corresponding cavities 35.

[0039] Insert the adjusted vaginal speculum into the patient's body, and enlarge the diameter of ring 1 as needed to open the vagina. The adjustment steps are as follows: slide the slide key 448 to the position closest to the last ring 12 in its own stroke. At this time, the drive gear 441 meshes with the first gear 442. During this process, if the drive gear 441 cannot mesh with the first gear 442 exactly, the user can adjust the drive gear 441 to the position between the first gear 442 and the second gear 443 and let it idle until the drive gear 441 can mesh with the first gear 442 exactly. Rotating knob 445 causes the third shaft 444 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive gear 441. The first gear 442 rotates along with the drive gear 441, causing the inner rod 32 connected to the end ring 12 to rotate. The inner rod 32 drives the third gear 53 of the end ring 12 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the corresponding outer rod 31 to rotate via the rectangular slider 33 at its end. The outer rod 31 drives the third gear 53 in the intermediate ring 13 adjacent to the end ring 12 to rotate, and so on, with the third gear 53 of the other intermediate rings 13 and the first ring 11 being linked in sequence. When the third gear 53 rotates, the slide rod 51 extends out of the slide groove 55 through several protruding teeth 52, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the ring 1. To reduce the diameter of the ring 1, simply rotate knob 445 in the opposite direction.

Claims

1. A vaginal speculum, comprising a plurality of rings for supporting the vagina and a first connector for connecting the plurality of rings, characterized in that: A plurality of rings are coaxially spaced on the first connector and the rings are movable along their own axial direction on the first connector to change the spacing between the rings. Each ring is provided with an adjustment component that can adjust its own radial size. The plurality of adjustment components are connected to each other by a second connector. The first connector and the second connector are both connected to a set of operating mechanisms. The user adjusts the first connector and the second connector through the operating mechanisms to adjust the axial spacing between the rings and the radial size of each ring. The plurality of rings arranged axially include a first ring and a last ring at the ends, and a plurality of intermediate rings between the first ring and the last ring. The first connector and the second connector are sequentially connected to the first ring, the plurality of intermediate rings, and the last ring. The first connector includes a screw that passes through the last ring in a direction away from the first ring and is connected to the operating mechanism. Each ring has a gap along its own radial direction, and the gap divides the ring to form a first end and a second end in the circumference. The adjusting component is located on the ring near the second end. The adjusting assembly includes a slide rod at the first end, a plurality of protruding teeth on the slide rod, and a third gear meshing with the plurality of protruding teeth. The second end has a groove for the slide rod to slide within. The third gear is rotatably disposed within the groove and meshes with the plurality of protruding teeth. A second connecting member connects the plurality of third gears. The second connecting member includes a telescopic rod, with both ends of the telescopic rod fixedly connected to two corresponding third gears. The plurality of third gears are sequentially connected through the telescopic rods and can rotate synchronously. The end of the telescopic rod located between the intermediate ring and the final ring, near the final ring, passes through the final ring and is connected to the operating mechanism. The operating mechanism includes a control lever, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, and an operating component. The control lever has a groove for accommodating the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the operating component. The first rotating shaft is connected to and coaxial with the telescopic rod closest to the end ring. The second rotating shaft is connected to and coaxial with the end of the screw that passes through the end ring. The operating component is located between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft to drive the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft to rotate. The first rotating shaft is longer or shorter than the second rotating shaft. The operating component includes a drive gear, a first gear, a second gear, and a moving member for moving the drive gear axially. The first gear is coaxially disposed at the end of the first rotating shaft away from the telescopic rod, and the second gear is coaxially disposed at the end of the second rotating shaft away from the screw. The drive gear is rotatably disposed between the first gear and the second gear. The moving member can change the position of the drive gear so that it meshes with the first gear or with the second gear.

2. The vaginal speculum as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The operating mechanism is located on the side of the last ring away from the first ring and is connected to both the first connector and the second connector.

3. A vaginal speculum as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The screw is rotatably connected to the first ring and threadedly connected to several intermediate rings and the last ring.

4. A vaginal speculum as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The slide bar is arc-shaped and is located on the side of the first end near the second end along the circumference of the ring. A plurality of protruding teeth are evenly spaced on the slide bar in a circumferential shape that matches the slide bar.

5. A vaginal speculum as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive gear is rotatably disposed in the groove via a third rotating shaft. The third rotating shaft is parallel to both the first and second rotating shafts and is located between the first and second rotating shafts. The end of the third rotating shaft away from the end ring extends through the control rod and is fixedly fitted with a knob. The drive gear can rotate with the rotation of the third rotating shaft and can move along the third rotating shaft with the cooperation of the moving part.

6. A vaginal speculum as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The moving component includes connecting rods and sliding keys. Annular grooves are formed on both axial sides of the drive gear, and connecting rods are respectively connected to the annular grooves on both sides of the drive gear. Two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drive gear. One end of each connecting rod is slidably connected to the corresponding annular groove, and the other end passes through the control rod and extends outwards. The control rod has a straight groove along the axial direction of the third rotating shaft, and the straight groove communicates with the recess. Both connecting rods can slide within the straight groove along its length. The sliding key is located at the end of each connecting rod that extends outwards from the control rod.

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