Method for ecological restoration of water body

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of water body ecological restoration method, comprising the following steps: S1, constructs the array of enclosure in water body, each enclosure unit in array is closed enclosure;Array in the same row of enclosure unit between there is spacing, there is spacing between the same column of enclosure unit;S2, each enclosure unit is planted submersed plant, and the enclosure unit that cultivation is obtained in line with preset vegetation coverage;S3, at least two adjacent enclosure units in line with preset vegetation coverage are connected and merged, form recovery module, again submersed plant is planted to recovery module, to make recovery module in line with preset vegetation coverage;S4, recovery module in line with preset vegetation coverage is connected with the water body outside module, forms recovery area.Its beneficial effect is, beneficial to underwater vegetation rapid recovery, effectively establish underwater ecosystem, maintain water ecological balance and self-purification capacity, to improve water quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological technology, and in particular to a method for ecological restoration of water bodies. Background Technology

[0002] Natural water bodies typically possess a certain degree of self-purification capacity. This means that after water bodies are polluted, the pollutants are removed through self-purification, and the water quality can be restored. However, in natural conditions, besides pollutants, other natural factors can also disturb water bodies. For example, fluctuations in water level, disturbances from wind and waves, and disturbances from aquatic animals can cause the water to become turbid. Once external disturbances are excessive, the water quality becomes difficult to restore on its own.

[0003] Currently, water quality restoration primarily employs ecological restoration methods. Based on ecological principles, these methods aim to restore the ecological balance and self-purification capacity of polluted water bodies through natural processes or supplementary artificial intervention, thereby improving water quality. However, current ecological restoration methods for water bodies suffer from several drawbacks, including unsatisfactory restoration effects, poor stability of the resulting underwater ecosystems, and weak resistance to environmental shocks. Furthermore, the process often requires repeated large-scale ecological planting, resulting in significant consumption of human and material resources. Additionally, these methods have limitations for different water bodies, preventing large-scale, one-time application.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a new method for water body ecological restoration is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a water body ecological restoration method, which solves the technical problems of unsatisfactory restoration effect, poor stability of the formed underwater ecosystem, poor resistance to environmental impact, and great limitations in application to different water bodies in the current water body ecological restoration methods.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for ecological restoration of aquatic bodies, comprising the following steps: S1, constructing an enclosure array in a water body, wherein each enclosure unit in the array is a closed enclosure; there is a gap between enclosure units in the same row and a gap between enclosure units in the same column; S2, planting submerged plants in each enclosure unit to cultivate enclosure units that meet a preset vegetation coverage rate; S3, connecting and merging at least two adjacent enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate to form a restoration module, and then planting submerged plants in the restoration module to make the restoration module meet the preset vegetation coverage rate; S4, connecting the restoration module that meets the preset vegetation coverage rate with the water body outside the module to form a restoration zone.

[0010] The aforementioned enclosed enclosure refers to an enclosure unit that is completely sealed off. Specifically, the enclosure consists of a float, the main body, and counterweights from top to bottom. The float's primary function is to provide buoyancy, allowing the upper part of the enclosure to float on the water surface and remain stable. The float is typically made of lightweight and corrosion-resistant materials such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and PVC, which can withstand water surface fluctuations and current impacts, while also supporting the enclosure to prevent it from sinking. The main body, connected below the float, is the core of the ecological water enclosure, serving to isolate and filter water quality. The main body is made of porous material to meet specific treatment needs, such as intercepting suspended solids, algae, or other pollutants, promoting the natural purification process of microorganisms in the water, and controlling water flow to prevent the impact of tides and waves on the water flow inside the enclosure unit. The counterweight is located at the bottom of the main body of the enclosure. Its function is to ensure that the enclosure can be suspended vertically in the water, remain stable and not drift, and stick to the bottom to effectively prevent the agitation of bottom sediments and the spread of pollutants. The counterweight can be a chain, sandbag or other heavy object, and should be appropriately configured according to the water depth and water flow intensity to achieve the best fixation effect.

[0011] In addition, in S3, at least two adjacent enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate are connected and merged to form a restoration module. Specifically, it can be two or more enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate that are connected and merged.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method, after step S4, in step S5, if the restoration area no longer meets the preset vegetation coverage rate, the restoration area is connected to the adjacent enclosure unit that meets the preset vegetation coverage rate, and submerged plants are planted to supplement the submerged plants. This step is repeated until the restoration area meets the preset vegetation coverage rate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method S1, the total area of ​​the enclosure array accounts for 40-90% of the water body area to be ecologically restored.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method, in S2, the preset vegetation coverage rate is ≥40% in the independent enclosure area; if the vegetation coverage rate of the cultivated enclosure unit is less than 40%, then in S3, the enclosure unit is connected and merged with at least one adjacent enclosure unit that meets the preset vegetation coverage rate to form a restoration module.

[0015] Specifically, it can be that a single enclosure unit with a vegetation coverage of less than 40% is simultaneously connected and merged with multiple enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage, or multiple enclosure units with a vegetation coverage of less than 40% are simultaneously connected and merged with a single enclosure unit that meets the preset vegetation coverage.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method, S3, before replanting submerged plants, ensure that the vegetation coverage rate in the restoration module is ≥30%.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method, after S3, ≤20% of the enclosure units in the enclosure array that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate are retained, and the connection merging process in S3 is not performed.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method S1, the ratio of the area of ​​a single enclosure unit to the total area of ​​the water body to be ecologically restored is 1-50 square meters per acre.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method S1, the area of ​​a single enclosure unit is 1000-50000 square meters.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water body ecological restoration method S1, the enclosure array is a rectangular array or a polar coordinate array.

[0021] In this regard, depending on the actual shape of the water area to be treated, the enclosure array can be selected as a rectangular array and / or a polar coordinate array. When the actual shape of the water area to be treated is regular and rectangular, then a rectangular array is suitable; when the actual shape of the water area to be treated is irregular, a polar coordinate array, or a combination of the two array forms, can be used.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of planting submerged plants in the water body ecological restoration method involves putting submerged plant seeds and / or propagules into the water.

[0023] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this water body ecological restoration method, firstly, an array of enclosures is used to divide the water body into several independent and relatively enclosed small areas. When the entire water body is subjected to external forces (tidal changes and waves), the resistance of the enclosures, coupled with the spacing between adjacent enclosures providing channels for water flows with large fluctuations, minimizes the disturbance to the water body within each enclosure unit, thus facilitating the establishment and growth of submerged plants in each enclosure unit. Then, by connecting at least two adjacent enclosure units that meet a preset vegetation coverage rate to form a restoration module, submerged plants are planted in the restoration module. Under the resistance of the enclosures in the restoration module, the vegetation coverage area in the original enclosure unit disperses some of the environmental impact, assisting the submerged plants planted in other uncovered areas to survive and reach the preset vegetation coverage rate. This facilitates the rapid restoration of vegetation in the entire restoration module, improves the module's resistance to interference, and thereby gradually expands the area of ​​ecological restoration. Finally, after the vegetation in the restoration module has recovered to the preset vegetation coverage rate, the restoration module is connected to the external water body to form a restoration zone, further expanding the improvement effect of the restoration module on the entire water body. Compared with existing technologies, this method can improve the water body's resistance to disturbance and environmental impact during vegetation restoration, enhance the stability of the local ecosystem, facilitate rapid underwater vegetation restoration, effectively establish an underwater ecosystem, maintain the ecological balance and self-purification capacity of the water body, and thus improve water quality.

[0025] When disturbances to the water body cause anomalies in the restoration zone, the restoration zone is connected to adjacent enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate. Submerged plants are then replanted, and this process is repeated until the vegetation coverage in the restoration zone reaches the preset rate. This method improves the restoration zone's resistance to disturbances and positively promotes vegetation restoration throughout the entire water area. Even if the replanted submerged plants fail to adapt and survive, new submerged plants can be quickly replanted. Because the replanting of submerged plants is done in a relatively small area and a relatively closed and controlled environment, there is no need for repeated large-scale ecological planting during the water body ecological restoration process, saving a significant amount of manpower and resources.

[0026] When a small number of enclosure units have a vegetation coverage rate of less than 40% (not reaching the preset vegetation coverage rate), the enclosure units with a vegetation coverage rate of less than 40% are connected and merged with the adjacent enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate to form a restoration module. Submerged plants are replanted in the restoration module, which not only drives the restoration module to increase the vegetation coverage rate, but also simultaneously restores the original enclosure units with a vegetation coverage rate of less than 40%.

[0027] The total area of ​​the enclosure units in the enclosure array should account for 40-90% of the water area, and the average vegetation coverage within the restoration modules should be ≥30% before replanting submerged plants. This means that during the connection process between different enclosure units, a balanced approach should be taken to avoid situations where some restoration modules have excessively high vegetation coverage while others have excessively low coverage. This will facilitate subsequent connections between enclosure units to restore and expand vegetation coverage.

[0028] Because the enclosure units are relatively enclosed, the vegetation inside is only slightly affected by external forces (tidal changes and waves). Therefore, ≤20% of the enclosure units within the array that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate can be retained as a reserve area without being connected or merged. This serves as a buffer reserve for water body restoration, thus protecting the vegetation inside the enclosure units to a greater extent. This also ensures that if anomalies occur in the restoration area, restoration can be completed by connecting one or more enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate, thereby improving the overall water transparency and water quality stability of the water body. This approach also avoids the problem of a localized impact on the entire water body, which could reduce the efficiency of water body ecological restoration.

[0029] The ratio of the area of ​​each enclosure unit to the total area of ​​the ecological water body to be restored is 1-50 square meters per mu (approximately 1000-50000 square meters per 1000 mu). This ratio meets the resistance requirements for external water bodies entering the enclosure unit, facilitating the restoration of submerged plant communities within the enclosure unit. Simultaneously, the absolute area of ​​the enclosure unit ranges from 1000 to 50000 square meters, ensuring the efficiency and success rate of ecological restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the enclosure array constructed in a water body according to the water body ecological restoration method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection of the perimeter units in the perimeter array to form a recovery module and a recovery area;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the further connection between the central recovery zone and the enclosure unit to form a recovery zone.

[0033] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0034] 1: Water body; 2: Enclosure unit; 3: Recovery module; 4: Recovery area. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] This invention proposes a method for aquatic ecological restoration, addressing the technical problems of current methods, such as unsatisfactory restoration effects, poor stability of the resulting underwater ecosystems, weak resistance to environmental shocks, and limitations in application to different water bodies. The method employs an array of enclosures to divide the water body into several independent and relatively enclosed areas. When the entire water body is subjected to external forces (tidal changes and waves), the resistance of the enclosures, coupled with the gaps between the enclosures providing channels for large fluctuations in water flow, minimizes disturbance to the water within each enclosure unit, facilitating the establishment and growth of submerged plants in each unit. Then, by connecting enclosure units with high and low vegetation coverage to form restoration modules, submerged plants are planted in these modules, thus expanding the area of ​​ecological restoration. The resistance of the enclosures within the restoration modules, combined with the submerged plant communities connecting the previous two enclosure units, promotes rapid vegetation recovery throughout the restoration module, improving its resistance to disturbance. Finally, once the vegetation in the restoration module has recovered, it can connect with external water bodies to form a restoration zone, further expanding the module's positive impact on the entire water body. This method can improve the water body's resistance to disturbance during vegetation restoration, facilitate rapid underwater vegetation recovery, effectively establish an underwater ecosystem, maintain the water body's ecological balance and self-purification capacity, thereby improving water quality.

[0037] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a method for water body ecological restoration, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0040] (1) Reference Figure 1 Taking the restoration of vegetation ecology in a 1,000-mu (approximately 67 hectares) aquatic area with a water depth of 1-2 meters as an example, a uniformly distributed rectangular enclosure array is constructed within the water body 1 of this aquatic area, with the total area of ​​the enclosure array accounting for 40% of the area of ​​this aquatic area; among them, the area of ​​each enclosure unit 2 in the enclosure array is set to 1,000 square meters; the enclosure unit is set to be a fully enclosed enclosure, that is, the water on both sides of the enclosure is exchanged through filtration and infiltration.

[0041] (2) Plant submerged plants in each enclosure unit and cultivate them for 1-6 months to obtain enclosure units with a vegetation coverage of ≥40% and enclosure units with a vegetation coverage of <40%.

[0042] (3) Merge adjacent enclosure units to connect the channels formed by the enclosures, forming a restoration module 3 with a vegetation coverage rate ≥30%. At the same time, retain 20% (rounded) of the enclosure units in the enclosure array with a vegetation coverage rate ≥40% without merging. Then, plant submerged plants in the areas of the restoration module that lack vegetation, and introduce submerged plant seeds and / or propagules. Cultivate for 1-6 months to ensure that the vegetation coverage rate of the restoration module is ≥40%. For details, refer to... Figure 2 .

[0043] (4) Connect the restoration module with a vegetation coverage of ≥40% to the water body outside the module to form restoration zone 4, as detailed in the following reference. Figure 2 The ecological restoration of vegetation in the area was completed.

[0044] Results of vegetation ecological restoration: With the combined effect of multiple restoration zones and preserved enclosure units, the vegetation coverage of the water area reached 62%, the water transparency reached 1-2 meters, and the transparency fluctuated little throughout the year.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for water body ecological restoration, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0047] In step (1), the total area of ​​the enclosure array accounts for 90% of the water area;

[0048] In step (2), 10% of the enclosure units in the enclosure array (rounded) have a vegetation coverage of ≥50%.

[0049] Results of vegetation ecological restoration: Through the combined effects of multiple restoration zones and preserved enclosure units, the vegetation coverage of the water area reached 67%, and the water transparency reached 2-3 meters, with minimal fluctuations throughout the year.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This embodiment provides a method for water body ecological restoration, which differs from Embodiment 2 in that:

[0052] In step (1), the area of ​​each enclosure unit in the enclosure array is set to 50,000 square meters;

[0053] Results of vegetation ecological restoration: With the combined effect of multiple restoration zones and preserved enclosure units, the vegetation coverage of the water area reached 66%, the water transparency reached 1-2 meters, and the transparency fluctuated little throughout the year.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for water body ecological restoration, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0056] After step (4), when the vegetation coverage of the restoration area is less than 40% due to external forces (tidal changes or waves), the restoration area is connected to its adjacent enclosure unit. Submerged plants are then planted in the areas lacking vegetation. After cultivation until the vegetation coverage of the restoration area is ≥40%, the restoration module is connected to the water body outside the module again to form restoration area 4. For details, refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 .

[0057] Results of vegetation ecological restoration: With the combined effect of multiple restoration zones and preserved enclosure units, the vegetation coverage of the water area reached 65%, the water transparency reached 1-2 meters, and the transparency fluctuated little throughout the year.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of water bodies, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construct an enclosure array in the water body, where each enclosure unit in the array is a closed enclosure; there is a gap between enclosure units in the same row and a gap between enclosure units in the same column. S2. Plant submerged plants in each enclosure unit to cultivate enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate. S3. Connect and merge at least two adjacent enclosure units that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate to form a restoration module, and then add submerged plants to the restoration module so that the restoration module meets the preset vegetation coverage rate. In S3, retaining ≤20% of the enclosure units in the enclosure array that meet the preset vegetation coverage rate, without performing connection and merging processing; S4. The restoration module that meets the preset vegetation coverage rate is connected to the water body outside the module to form a restoration zone; S5. If the restoration area no longer meets the preset vegetation coverage rate, connect the restoration area with the adjacent enclosure unit that meets the preset vegetation coverage rate, supplement the planting of submerged plants, and repeat this step until the restoration area meets the preset vegetation coverage rate.

2. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the total area of ​​the enclosure array accounts for 40-90% of the water body area to be ecologically restored.

3. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the preset vegetation coverage rate is ≥40% within an independent enclosure area; if the vegetation coverage rate of the cultivated enclosure unit is less than 40%, then in S3, the enclosure unit is connected and merged with at least one adjacent enclosure unit that meets the preset vegetation coverage rate to form a restoration module.

4. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, before replanting submerged plants, ensure that the vegetation coverage within the restoration module is ≥30%.

5. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In S1, The ratio of the area of ​​a single enclosure unit to the total area of ​​the water body to be ecologically restored is 1-50 square meters per mu.

6. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In S1, The area of ​​a single enclosure unit ranges from 1,000 to 50,000 square meters.

7. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, The enclosure array is a rectangular array and / or a polar coordinate array.

8. The water body ecological restoration method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of cultivating submerged plants involves introducing submerged plant seeds and / or propagules into the water.

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