Micro-flocculation dual moving bed filtration system

Abstract

The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system integrates the mixing of reagents, coagulation, flocculation and double bed filtration, has an online self-cleaning function, can ensure the water precision, ensure the long-period operation of the equipment, improve the filtration efficiency of the equipment, and is particularly suitable for the filtration and separation of high-turbidity water and oil-water.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of water treatment, and relates to a medium filter which is widely applied to the device for removing suspended solids in wastewater treatment, water purification treatment and liquid treatment, and can solve the problems of low turbidity of the water to be treated, low precision of the treated water, and the necessity of matching a coagulation tank and a mixer. BACKGROUND

[0002] The micro-flocculation deep-bed direct filtration technology is a high-efficiency filtration technology, which combines coagulation and filtration, and saves a large amount of equipment investment and operation cost. Compared with the conventional flocculation and sedimentation filtration process, the equipment investment is saved by 30%-40%, and the reagent consumption is reduced by 10%-30%. At present, special micro-flocculation deep-bed filters are rarely seen, and most of them are combined with coagulation tanks by using fixed-bed filters or moving sand filters. The fixed-bed filters are divided into downward flow and upward flow structures. Due to the hydraulic grading effect of the backwashing of the fixed-bed downward flow filter, the pollution carrying capacity is low, and the working cycle is short, which leads to frequent shutdown and backwashing of the filter bed. The higher the turbidity is, and the greater the flow rate is, the more frequent the cleaning is. The turbidity and flow rate of the water to be treated are limited, and the fixed-bed upward flow filter is only suitable for treating low-turbidity water. The working condition of the fixed-bed upward flow filter is improved, the pollution carrying capacity is larger than that of the downward flow filter, the working cycle is long, and the turbidity and flow rate of the water to be treated are improved. However, the filtration precision is greatly affected by the upward flow, and the filter bed also needs to be stopped for cleaning. In order to solve the problem of shutdown and backwashing, a moving-bed filter is also used. The existing moving-bed filters use the air-lift sand method, which has strict requirements for the particle size of the filter material. When the particle size of the filter material is large, the suspended solids penetrate into the filter layer too deeply, and the fine suspended solids cannot be intercepted and discharged from the filter, resulting in poor water quality. When the particle size of the filter material is too small, the sand-lifting capacity is too large, the sand-lifting pipe is crowded, the filter material cannot be effectively cleaned, and the water quality is affected. In addition, due to the moving state of the filter bed, the upward flow of the water flow increases the pore size between the filter materials, reduces the capacity of the filter layer for intercepting suspended solids, and reduces the filtration precision. Since the moving-bed filter also uses the upward flow method, the filtration precision is not high. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a deep-bed filter which integrates the functions of reagent mixing, coagulation, flocculation and filtration. The device has an online self-cleaning function, which solves the problems of low turbidity of the water to be treated by the fixed-bed filter, the need for stopping the filter bed for cleaning, and the low water precision of the moving-bed filter, and can meet the needs of high-turbidity water and high-precision filtration.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system comprises a water inlet pipe 1, a cyclone chamber 2, a coagulation chamber 3, a lower cone 4, a lower water distributor 5, a lower filter bed 6, an upper filter material tank 7, an upper filter bed 8, an upper water distributor 9, a water outlet 10, a cleaning pump 11, a sprayer 12, a cleaning and mixing pipe 13, a cyclone cleaning separation chamber 14, a sewage pipe 15, a screening cone 16, a lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17, an upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18, a tank body 19, filter material and a control system; the filter material and the control system are characterized in that the tank body 19 is divided into the coagulation chamber 3, the lower filter bed 6, the upper filter bed 8 and a filter material cleaning and screening chamber from bottom to top; the lower end of the coagulation chamber 3 is connected with the cyclone chamber 2, and the upper end is the lower cone 4 with the lower water distributor 5 which is connected with the tank body together and has an upper large and lower small structure; the small end of the lower cone is connected with the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 of the lower filter bed 6; the upper filter material tank 7 has a cylindrical lower cone structure, the diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the tank body 19, the taper angle of the cone is lower than 30°, the surface of the cone is a screen or a water distributor, the small head of the cone is connected with the upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18, and the upper end of the cylindrical body of the upper filter material tank 7 corresponds to the large end of the screening cone 16; the upper water distributor 9 is arranged in the upper filter bed 8 and connected with the water outlet 10 through a pipeline, and the mesh size of the water distributor is smaller than the particle size of the filter material of the upper filter bed 8; the screening cone 16 is arranged between the upper filter material tank 7 and the cyclone cleaning separation chamber 14, the taper angle is less than 40°, the surface of the cone is a screen, the diameter of the large end is equal to or greater than the diameter of the cylindrical body of the upper filter material tank 7, and the mesh size of the screen is smaller than the particle size of the filter material of the lower filter bed 6 and greater than the particle size of the filter material of the upper filter bed 8; the cyclone cleaning separation chamber 14 is tangentially connected with the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 at the top of the tank body 19, the sewage pipe 15 is arranged on the central axis of the cyclone cleaning separation chamber 14, the lower surface of the sewage pipe 15 has a screen, and the mesh size of the screen is smaller than the particle size of the smallest filter material; the water inlet of the sprayer 12 is connected with the cleaning pump 11, the feed inlet is connected with the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 and the upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18 through a pipeline and a valve respectively, and the mixing outlet is connected with the cleaning and mixing pipe 13; the filter system has the characteristics of integrating the mixing of reagents, coagulation, flocculation and double bed filtration, realizing micro-flocculation deep bed filtration, and the filter bed adopts the double filter bed structure of the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8, and has four working modes, which are fixed bed filtration of the upper filter bed and the lower filter bed, moving bed filtration of the upper filter bed and the lower filter bed, moving bed of the lower filter bed and fixed bed of the upper filter bed, and fixed bed of the lower filter bed and moving bed of the upper filter bed respectively, and the moving speed of each filter bed is adjustable.

[0006] The application is characterized in that: the double-bed graded filtration is adopted, the filter material particle size of the lower filter bed 6 is larger than that of the upper filter bed 8 through the screening cone 16 or other measures, the filter material grading is realized, and the filter materials of the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 can be respectively used with the same function or different function filter materials, such as positively charged filter material, negatively charged filter material, hydrophilic filter material, oleophilic filter material, polar filter material, non-polar filter material, high specific surface area filter material and low specific surface area filter material, and the filter materials of the upper filter bed and the lower filter bed are relied on the synergistic effect to strengthen the interception and adsorption of impurities in water, and improve the water precision and effect.

[0007] The application is characterized in that: the filter material lifting adopts water flow, the filter material cleaning adopts the rotation and friction, collision and combination, the filter material between and the filter material and the pipeline are rubbed and collided due to the change of the flow speed and the flow direction of the fluid in the injector 12, the cleaning pipe and the mixer 13 and the cyclone cleaning separation chamber 14, and the filter material cleaning is completed through multiple cleaning.

[0008] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filtration system is characterized in that the lower cone 4 has an angle less than 45 degrees, and the water distributors 5 on the cone are uniformly arranged.

[0009] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filtration system is characterized in that the upper filter material tank 17 has a cylindrical diameter less than the inner diameter of the tank 19, so that the filter material can smoothly pass through the gap between the two; the cone has an angle less than 30 degrees, and the surface is a screen or other water distributor, which is uniformly distributed, and the screen and the water distributor prevent the filter material of the upper filter bed from entering the lower filter bed.

[0010] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filtration system is characterized in that the water inlet pipe 1 is tangentially connected with the cyclone chamber 2, so that the water flow is kept in strong rotational flow in the cyclone chamber, and the medicament is uniformly mixed with the water flow.

[0011] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filtration system is characterized in that the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 is a kind of structure in which a spring, a ribbon or a stirrer is inserted into a circular pipe, so that the flow speed and the direction are changed, and the friction and collision of the filter material and the suspended matter are strengthened.

[0012] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filtration system is characterized in that the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 is tangentially connected with the cyclone cleaning separation chamber 14, so that the mixed liquid is kept in strong rotational flow in the separation chamber, the filter material is heavy, is thrown to the inner wall of the separation chamber under the action of the centrifugal force, and rubs and collides with the inner wall, the suspended matter is separated from the filter material, the filter material moves downward under the action of the gravity, and the suspended matter flows out of the tank through the filter screen of the blow-off pipe under the action of the water force.

[0013] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system has a closed tank body, and has internal pressure during operation, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5MP, which is provided by a water supply pump.

[0014] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system has a closed tank body, and has internal pressure during operation, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5MP, which is provided by a water supply pump.

[0015] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system has a closed tank body, and has internal pressure during operation, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5MP, which is provided by a water supply pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system has a closed tank body, and has internal pressure during operation, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5MP, which is provided by a water supply pump.

[0017] As shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 , including a water inlet pipe 1, a cyclone chamber 2, a coagulation chamber 3, a lower cone 4, a lower water distributor 5, a lower filter bed 6, an upper filter material tank 7, an upper filter bed 8, an upper water distributor 9, a water outlet 10, a cleaning pump 11, a sprayer 12, a cleaning and mixing pipe 13, a cyclone cleaning and separating chamber 14, a blowdown pipe 15, a screening cone 16, a lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17, an upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18, a tank body 19, filter material and a control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system has a closed tank body, and has internal pressure during operation, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5MP, which is provided by a water supply pump. Figure 1 Further description of the present application is provided.

[0019] The micro-flocculation double moving bed filter system has a closed tank body, and has internal pressure during operation, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5MP, which is provided by a water supply pump.

[0020] The lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 are both in fixed bed operation mode.

[0021] The working process is as follows: the liquid to be treated and the medicament enter the cyclone chamber 2 through the inlet pipe 1, are mixed, rotated and moved upward in the interlayer between the cyclone chamber 2 and the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17, and when the mixed fluid moves to the upper end of the cyclone chamber 2 and enters the coagulation chamber, the rotation speed is reduced from high speed to low speed due to the increase of space and the fluid continues to flow upward, during which the coagulation occurs, the suspended matters in the liquid are coagulated and enlarged, and then enter the lower filter bed 6 through the lower cone 4 and the lower distributor 5, part of the suspended matters are intercepted and adsorbed by the filter material of the lower filter bed 6, and the fluid continues to flow upward and completely passes through the lower filter bed 6 to reach the upper filter material tank 7, then enters the upper filter bed 8 through the filter screen of the upper filter material tank 7, the suspended matters in the fluid are intercepted and adsorbed by the filter material in the upper filter bed 8 again, the purified fluid continues to flow upward to the upper distributor 9, and then flows out of the tank body 19 through the water outlet 10, so that the filtration process of the liquid is completed, and the liquid to be filtered is filtered and solid-liquid separated for multiple times during the process. The lower filter bed 6 is a moving bed, and the upper filter bed 8 is a fixed bed working mode:

[0022] The working process is as follows: in the fixed bed working mode of the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8, the valve of the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 is opened and adjusted to a suitable position, the cleaning water pump 11 is opened, and the outlet pressure is adjusted to a certain value, at this time, the filter material of the lower filter bed 6 enters the cyclone cleaning and separation chamber 14 through the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17, the ejector 12, the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 under the action of the ejector 12; since the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 and the cyclone cleaning and separation chamber 14 are tangentially connected, the mixed liquid rotates and flows strongly in the separation chamber, the filter material is heavy, and under the action of centrifugal force, it is thrown to the inner wall of the separation chamber and rubs and touches the inner wall, the suspended matters are separated from the filter material, the filter material falls downward to the upper part of the tank body 19 under the action of gravity, is washed by the clean water in the tank body, and then enters the lower filter bed 6 through the gap between the upper filter material tank 7 and the tank body 19 under the guidance of the screening cone 16; the sewage containing suspended matters moves to the center of the separation chamber under the action of water force, and is discharged from the tank body through the filter screen of the blowdown pipe 15.

[0023] The lower filter bed 6 is a fixed bed, and the upper filter bed 8 is a moving bed working mode:

[0024] The working process is as follows: under the condition that the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 are in the fixed bed working mode, the valve of the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 is adjusted to a proper position, the valve of the upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18 is adjusted to a proper position, the cleaning water pump 11 is started, and the outlet pressure is adjusted to a certain value; at this time, the filter material of the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 is respectively introduced into the ejector 12 through the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 and the upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18, and then introduced into the cyclone cleaning and separating chamber 14 through the cleaning and mixing pipe 13; since the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 and the cyclone cleaning and separating chamber 14 are tangentially connected, the mixed liquid is strongly rotated in the separating chamber; since the filter material has a large specific gravity, it is thrown to the inner wall of the separating chamber under the action of centrifugal force, and rubs and touches the inner wall, so that the suspended matter is separated from the filter material; the filter material falls downward to the upper part of the tank 19 under the action of gravity, and then enters the upper filter bed 8 through the mesh of the screening cone 16 after being washed by the cleaning water in the tank; the sewage containing suspended matter moves to the center of the separating chamber under the action of water force, and is discharged from the tank through the filter screen of the sewage discharge pipe 15.

[0025] The lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 are in the moving bed working mode:

[0026] The working process is as follows: under the condition that the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 are in the fixed bed working mode, the valve of the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 is adjusted to a proper position, the valve of the upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18 is adjusted to a proper position, the cleaning water pump 11 is started, and the outlet pressure is adjusted to a certain value; at this time, the filter material of the lower filter bed 6 and the upper filter bed 8 is respectively introduced into the ejector 12 through the lower filter bed sand outlet pipe 17 and the upper filter bed sand outlet pipe 18, and then introduced into the cyclone cleaning and separating chamber 14 through the cleaning and mixing pipe 13; since the cleaning and mixing pipe 13 and the cyclone cleaning and separating chamber 14 are tangentially connected, the mixed liquid is strongly rotated in the separating chamber; since the filter material has a large specific gravity, it is thrown to the inner wall of the separating chamber under the action of centrifugal force, and rubs and touches the inner wall, so that the suspended matter is separated from the filter material; the filter material falls downward to the upper part of the tank 19 under the action of gravity, and then enters the upper filter bed 8 through the mesh of the screening cone 16 after being washed by the cleaning water in the tank; the sewage containing suspended matter moves to the center of the separating chamber under the action of water force, and is discharged from the tank through the filter screen of the sewage discharge pipe 15.

Claims

1. A micro-flocculation dual moving bed filtration system, comprising an inlet pipe, a cyclone chamber, a coagulation chamber, a lower cone, a lower distributor, a lower filter bed, an upper filter media tank, an upper filter bed, an upper distributor, an outlet, a cleaning pump, an ejector, a cleaning and mixing pipe, a cyclone cleaning and separation chamber, a drain pipe, a screening cone, a lower filter bed sand outlet pipe, an upper filter bed sand outlet pipe, a tank, filter media, and a control system; characterized in that: The tank is a closed structure, maintaining an internal pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa during operation. The tank is divided from bottom to top into: a coagulation chamber, a lower filter bed, an upper filter bed, and a filter media washing and screening chamber. The lower end of the coagulation chamber connects to the cyclone chamber, while the upper end is a lower cone with a smaller diameter at the bottom, connected to the tank body. The smaller end of the lower cone connects to the sand outlet pipe of the lower filter bed. The upper filter media tank is a cylindrical structure with a cone at the bottom. The cylinder diameter is smaller than the tank diameter, the cone angle is less than 30°, and the cone surface is a screen. The smaller end of the cone connects to the sand outlet pipe of the upper filter bed. The upper end of the cylinder of the upper filter media tank corresponds to the larger end of the screening cone. The upper water distributor is located inside the upper filter bed and connected to the outlet via a pipe. The mesh size of the water distributor should be smaller than the particle size of the filter media in the upper filter bed; the screening cone is set between the upper filter media tank and the cyclone cleaning and separation chamber, the surface of the cone is a screen, the diameter of its large end is equal to the diameter of the cylinder of the upper filter media tank, and the mesh size of the screen should be smaller than the particle size of the filter media in the lower filter bed but larger than the particle size of the filter media in the upper filter bed; the cyclone cleaning and separation chamber is located at the top of the tank and is tangentially connected to the cleaning and mixing pipe, the drain pipe is set on the central axis of the cyclone cleaning and separation chamber, and its lower surface has a screen with a mesh size smaller than the minimum particle size of the filter media; the inlet of the ejector is connected to the cleaning pump, the inlet is connected to the sand outlet pipe of the lower filter bed and the sand outlet pipe of the upper filter bed through pipes and valves respectively, and the mixing outlet is connected to the cleaning and mixing pipe; It integrates drug mixing, coagulation, flocculation, and dual-bed filtration to achieve micro-flocculation deep bed filtration; The filter bed adopts a dual filter bed structure with a lower filter bed and an upper filter bed. There are four working modes: one is a fixed bed filtration mode with both the upper and lower filter beds, two is a moving bed filtration mode with both the upper and lower filter beds, three is a moving bed mode with the lower filter bed and a fixed bed mode with the upper filter bed, and four is a fixed bed mode with the lower filter bed and the upper filter bed and a moving bed mode. The moving speed of each filter bed is adjustable. The system employs a dual-bed grading filtration system. Through a screening cone, the particle size of the filter media in the lower filter bed is made larger than that in the upper filter bed, thus achieving filter media grading. The filter media in the lower and upper filter beds can use the same or different functional filter media, such as: positively charged filter media, negatively charged filter media, hydrophilic filter media, oleophilic filter media, polar filter media, non-polar filter media, high specific surface area filter media, low specific surface area filter media, etc. Relying on the synergistic effect of the functional filter media in the upper and lower filter beds, the system enhances the ability to intercept and adsorb impurities in the water, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the effluent. The filter media is lifted using water flow and hydraulic force. The filter media cleaning is achieved through a combination of fluid speed change, rotation, friction, and contact. Powered by the cleaning pump, the filter media is cleaned by multiple frictions and contacts between the filter media and between the filter media and the pipeline through changes in fluid speed and flow direction in the ejector, cleaning pipe, mixer, and cyclone cleaning separation chamber. Its features include a lower cone with a taper angle of less than 45°, and water distributors evenly distributed on the cone. Its features include an upper filter media tank, the diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the tank, to ensure that the filter media can pass smoothly through the gap between the two; the cone angle is less than 30°, and its surface is a screen, which is evenly distributed, and the screen and water distributor should prevent the filter media of the upper filter bed from entering the lower filter bed. Its characteristic is that the water inlet pipe is tangentially connected to the vortex chamber, maintaining a strong swirling flow of water within the vortex chamber, so that the reagent and water are mixed evenly; Its characteristic is that the cleaning and mixing pipe is tangentially connected to the cyclone cleaning and separation chamber, which makes the mixed liquid swirl and flow strongly in the separation chamber. Due to the high specific gravity of the filter media, it is thrown towards the inner wall of the separation chamber under the action of centrifugal force and rubs and touches the inner wall. The suspended solids are separated from the filter media. The filter media moves downward under the action of gravity, while the suspended solids are subjected to the action of hydraulic force and flow out of the tank through the filter screen of the drain pipe.

2. The micro-flocculation dual moving bed filtration system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the cleaning and mixing tube is that springs, belts, and swivels are inserted into the round tube to change the speed and direction of the fluid, thereby enhancing the friction and contact between the filter media and suspended solids.

3. The micro-flocculation dual moving bed filtration system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tank is a closed structure and is pressurized during operation, with a pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa, provided by a water supply pump.

4. The micro-flocculation dual moving bed filtration system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water used for cleaning the filter media is filtered water.

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