A kind of fixture of hoisting part of crankshaft and its processing method

Abstract

A kind of fixture of crankshaft hoisting component and its processing method, including base, the both sides of base are equipped with shaft one and shaft two, first pin hole and second pin hole are equipped on the upper portion of base;Clamping device, clamping device is equipped on the upper portion of base;Stepped pin, stepped pin includes first stepped pin and second stepped pin, first stepped pin and second stepped pin all include one head big end and one head small end, the small end of first stepped pin and the small end of second positioning pin are matched with the positioning hole of the component to be processed;The big end of first stepped pin is connected with base by first pin hole, the big end of second stepped pin is connected with base by second pin hole;The big end outer diameter of first stepped pin and second stepped pin is same.The component can be positioned by stepped pin, quickly finds and processes, when working, fixture is followed by lathe and is turned over, then cooperates first stepped pin and second stepped pin with interchangeable position, the component is turned over, is suitable for the processing of component different direction and angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parts processing technology, and in particular to a fixture for lifting crankshaft parts and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread development of the machinery industry, CNC machining occupies the majority of machining proportions, machine tool occupancy is constantly increasing, and the modification of tooling fixtures is also increasing. Machining involving part angles often requires the production of multiple tooling fixtures, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, occupies a lot of working area, and is relatively complicated to operate. It is easy to cause workpiece coordinate system offset, resulting in unqualified products and machining scrap.

[0003] like Figure 1 The part shown is a crankshaft hoisting component. It has already been machined into a ring by turning in the first process and fitting in the second process. Two positioning holes are made on the ring: the first positioning hole 100 and the second positioning hole 200. The ring needs to be CNC milled to meet the requirements of the drawing, such as... Figure 2 The final product shown has three surfaces (A, B, and C) that need to be machined in three directions. In the existing technology, because the cutting tool is perpendicular to the machine tool table, the parts in the three directions need to be machined in three separate steps: the clamping plate presses the part onto the worktable to machine surface B, the part is flipped over to machine surface C, and then a vise is used to clamp and machine surface A again. Since the dimensions and precision of the first positioning hole 100 and the second positioning hole 200 are different, each machining operation requires scribing and alignment, which wastes time and introduces machining errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixture for crankshaft hoisting parts and its processing method. This invention solves the problem of how to perform multi-angle processing on crankshaft hoisting parts that require multi-directional processing, quickly align the parts, and save processing time.

[0005] This invention provides the following solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention describes a clamp for lifting crankshaft components, comprising:

[0007] The base has a shaft one and a shaft two on both sides, and a first pin hole and a second pin hole on the upper part of the base;

[0008] A clamping device is provided on the upper part of the base;

[0009] The stepped pin includes a first stepped pin and a second stepped pin. Both the first stepped pin and the second stepped pin have a large end and a small end. The small end of the first stepped pin and the small end of the second stepped pin are matched with the positioning hole of the part to be processed. The large end of the first stepped pin is connected to the base through the first pin hole, and the large end of the second stepped pin is connected to the base through the second pin hole.

[0010] The outer diameter of the large end of the first stepped pin and the second stepped pin are the same.

[0011] Preferably, both the first stepped pin and the second stepped pin are single-stage stepped pins; the large ends of both the first stepped pin and the second stepped pin are fully installed inside the base.

[0012] Preferably, the height of the first stepped pin and the second stepped pin on the base is less than the height of the machined surface relative to the base.

[0013] Preferably, the small end of the first stepped pin is a rhomboid or rectangular prism; the small end of the second stepped pin is a cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping device includes a jack, a pressure plate, and a bolt; the jack is fixed to the upper part of the base, one end of the pressure plate is movably connected to the upper part of the jack, and the other end is provided with a lower surface that fits against the surface of the part; the pressure plate is provided with an opening in the middle suitable for the bolt to pass through; the bolt passes through the opening and is threaded onto the base.

[0015] Preferably, there are two sets of clamping devices, located at both ends of the base.

[0016] Preferably, the connection between the first stepped pin and the first pin hole, and the connection between the second stepped pin and the second pin hole, are both interference fit connections.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the pressure plate that contacts the part has a rounded chamfer.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention describes a method for processing crankshaft lifting parts, which is accomplished using the aforementioned crankshaft lifting part fixture.

[0019] Furthermore, the processing method includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Clamp the first axis of the fixture with the chuck of the four-axis CNC machine tool, and tighten the second axis with the center of the machine tool, and install the fixture on the four-axis CNC machine tool;

[0021] S2. Fit the first positioning hole of the part to be processed into the first stepped pin, and fit the second positioning hole into the second stepped pin;

[0022] S3. Fix the part to be processed using the clamping device, at which point the angle of the fixture is set to 0°;

[0023] S4. Rotate the fixture 90° using the machine tool to machine surface A of the part;

[0024] After surface S5.A is machined, the fixture is flipped back to ° using the machine tool to machine surface C;

[0025] After surface S6.C is machined, keep the fixture angle unchanged, loosen the clamping device, take out the part, pull out the first step pin and the second step pin from the first pin hole and the second pin hole respectively, insert the first step pin into the second pin hole, insert the second step pin into the first pin hole, and at the same time rotate the part 180°, and repeat steps S2-S3.

[0026] S7. Machining surface B completes the machining of the part.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. The crankshaft hoisting fixture provided by the present invention can position the parts through stepped pins, quickly align and process them, and press the parts onto the fixture through a clamping device, reducing the existing three-step scribing alignment to no scribing alignment required, thus saving processing time.

[0029] 2. The crankshaft lifting fixture provided by the present invention is installed on a four-axis CNC machine tool through shaft one and shaft two during operation, so that the fixture can rotate with the machine tool. In addition, with the cooperation of the first and second step pins that can be interchanged, the parts can be rotated, which is suitable for processing the parts in different directions and angles. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the crankshaft hoisting parts to be processed;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the finished product manufactured for crankshaft hoisting parts;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram of the crankshaft hoisting components;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp for lifting crankshaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping structure of the crankshaft hoisting parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a 0° view of the machining method for crankshaft hoisting parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a 90° view of the machining method for crankshaft hoisting parts according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Wherein: 1-base; 1-1-shaft one; 1-2-shaft two;

[0039] 2-Fixing device; 2-1-Jack; 2-2-Pressure plate; 2-3-Bolt;

[0040] 3-Step pin; 3-1-First step pin; 3-2-Second step pin. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0043] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of this application, these descriptions should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the descriptions. For example, first may also be referred to as second without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first.

[0045] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases “if determination” or “if detection (of the stated condition or event)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the stated condition or event)” or “in response to detection (of the stated condition or event).”

[0046] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0047] It should be noted that any symbols and / or numbers present in the specification that are not marked in the accompanying drawings are not reference numerals.

[0048] This invention provides a clamp for lifting crankshaft parts, comprising: a base, with a shaft one and a shaft two on both sides of the base, and a first pin hole and a second pin hole on the upper part of the base; a clamping device disposed on the upper part of the base; and stepped pins, including a first stepped pin and a second stepped pin, each of which includes a large end and a small end, the small end of the first stepped pin and the small end of the second locating pin matching the locating hole of the part to be processed; the large end of the first stepped pin is connected to the base through the first pin hole, and the large end of the second stepped pin is connected to the base through the second pin hole; the outer diameters of the large ends of the first stepped pin and the second stepped pin are the same.

[0049] refer to Figure 1 The crankshaft hoisting parts to be processed have already been machined into a ring by the first turning process and the second fitting process. The ring has two positioning holes, namely the first positioning hole 100 and the second positioning hole 200. The ring needs to be CNC milled. Figure 2 The finished product shown has three surfaces, A, B, and C, which are three directions that need to be processed.

[0050] This invention uses two stepped pins on the base to engage with two positioning holes on the part to accurately position it, eliminating the need for alignment by scribing. A clamping device is used to clamp the part to be processed, preventing movement and deviation during machining.

[0051] The fixture is mounted on a four-axis machine tool via axes one and two. The four-axis machine tool can rotate the fixture, allowing for machining of surfaces A and C depending on the rotation angle. Both the first and second stepped pins are cylindrical pins with a larger lower end and a smaller upper end. The larger end is installed into the base through a pin hole, while the smaller end matches the part's positioning hole to position the part. The outer diameter of the larger ends of both stepped pins is the same, while the outer diameter of the smaller ends is set according to the size of the part's positioning hole. The function of this structure is as follows: Since surfaces B and C are opposite each other, and the direction of the cutting head remains unchanged, after machining surface C, the part needs to be rotated 180° to rotate surface B to the machining position. At this time, the positions of the first positioning hole 100 and the second positioning hole 200 on the part are interchanged. Because the two positioning holes have different sizes, if ordinary positioning pins are used, the positioning pins will not be able to match the repositioned positioning holes. However, in this invention, since the outer diameters of the two positioning pins are the same, simply interchangeing the positions of the two positioning pins allows the first and second positioning pins to still cooperate with the original positioning holes to position the part, thus successfully machining surface B of the part. The above process can achieve machining of the part in different directions and angles.

[0052] Furthermore, both the first and second step pins are single-stage step pins; the large ends of both the first and second step pins are fully installed inside the base.

[0053] The first-level stepped pin includes a large end and a small end. When the large end is completely installed inside the base, the small end of the stepped pin is left outside the base. The small end can be set to different sizes and shapes according to different positioning holes to achieve more precise positioning and limiting, and is suitable for positioning holes of different shapes and sizes.

[0054] Furthermore, the height of both the first and second step pins on the base is less than the height of the machined surface relative to the base. Step pins that are too high will penetrate the machined surface, hindering machining.

[0055] Furthermore, the small end of the first-step pin is a rhomboid or rectangular prism; the small end of the second-step pin is a cylinder.

[0056] Since both positioning holes on the part are circular, if the small ends of the two stepped pins are both cylindrical, it is easy to over-position them. When the stepped pins are interchanged, they will be difficult to pull out. Setting them as one cylindrical and one rhomboid or rectangular pins makes it easier to disassemble the part.

[0057] Furthermore, the clamping device includes a jack, a pressure plate, and bolts; the jack is fixed to the upper part of the base, one end of the pressure plate is movably connected to the upper part of the jack, and the other end has a lower surface that fits against the surface of the part, and the middle of the pressure plate has an opening suitable for the bolt to pass through; the bolt passes through the opening and is threaded onto the base.

[0058] One end of the pressure plate is movably connected to the upper part of the jack, allowing the pressure plate to be lifted upwards for easy placement of parts. After the parts are positioned, the pressure plate is lowered, and the lower surface of the pressure plate is in contact with the surface of the parts. The bolts are tightened to clamp and fix the parts on the fixture. The jack provides sufficient clamping force to the fixture. At the same time, the height of the jack is adjustable to accommodate parts of different heights.

[0059] Furthermore, there are two clamping devices, located at both ends of the base, providing a uniform and stable clamping force for the parts.

[0060] Furthermore, the connection between the first stepped pin and the first pin hole, and the connection between the second stepped pin and the second pin hole, are both interference fit connections.

[0061] Furthermore, the end of the pressure plate that contacts the part has a rounded chamfer. This prevents scratching the part when clamping it.

[0062] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for machining crankshaft lifting parts, which is accomplished using the aforementioned crankshaft lifting part fixture, and includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Clamp the first axis of the fixture with the chuck of the four-axis CNC machine tool, and tighten the second axis with the center of the machine tool, and install the fixture on the four-axis CNC machine tool;

[0064] S2. Insert the first positioning hole 100 of the part to be processed into the first step pin, and insert the second positioning hole 200 into the second step pin.

[0065] S3. Fix the part to be processed using the clamping device, at which point the angle of the fixture is set to 0°;

[0066] S4. Rotate the fixture 90° using the machine tool to machine surface A of the part;

[0067] After surface S5.A is machined, the fixture is rotated back to 0° using the machine tool to machine surface C;

[0068] After surface S6.C is machined, keep the fixture angle unchanged, loosen the clamping device, take out the part, pull out the first step pin and the second step pin from the first pin hole and the second pin hole respectively, insert the first step pin into the second pin hole, insert the second step pin into the first pin hole, and at the same time rotate the part 180°, and repeat steps S2-S3.

[0069] S7. Machining surface B completes the machining of the part.

[0070] To accommodate the machine tool's chuck and center, the fixture's shaft one is designed in a stepped shape, and a center hole is opened on the outer side of shaft two. The fixture is mounted on the machine tool using a clamping and lifting method. Machining surfaces A and C is achieved by rotating the machine tool. To machine surface B, the part needs to be rotated 180°. At this point, the positions of the first positioning hole 100 and the second positioning hole 200 are interchanged. Because the size and shape of the first stepped pin match the first positioning hole 100, and the size and shape of the second stepped pin match the second positioning hole 200, by interchanged positions, the first positioning hole 100 can still fit into the first stepped pin, and the second positioning hole 200 can still fit into the second stepped pin. Using this method, machining surfaces A, B, and C of the part can be achieved without three scribing and alignment steps, saving machining time.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] See Figures 4-5 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a crankshaft hoisting fixture includes: a base 1, with shaft 1-1 and shaft 1-2 on both sides of the base 1, and a first pin hole and a second pin hole on the upper part of the base 1; a clamping device 2, located on the upper part of the base 1; and stepped pins 3, including a first stepped pin 3-1 and a second stepped pin 3-2, each having a large end and a small end. The small end of the first stepped pin 3-1 and the small end of the second step pin 3-2 match the positioning hole of the part to be processed. The large end of the first stepped pin 3-1 is connected to the base 1 through the first pin hole, and the large end of the second stepped pin 3-2 is connected to the base 1 through the second pin hole. The outer diameters of the large ends of the first stepped pin 3-1 and the second stepped pin 3-2 are the same. Both the first stepped pin 3-1 and the second stepped pin 3-2 are single-stage stepped pins. The large ends of both the first stepped pin 3-1 and the second stepped pin 3-2 are completely installed inside the base 1. The heights of the first stepped pin 3-1 and the second stepped pin 3-2 on the base 1 are both less than the height of the machined surface relative to the base 1. The small end of the first stepped pin 3-1 is a rhomboid column; the small end of the second stepped pin 3-2 is a cylinder. The clamping device 2 includes a jack 2-1, a pressure plate 2-2, and a bolt 2-3; the jack 2-1 is fixed to the upper part of the base 1, one end of the pressure plate 2-2 is movably connected to the upper part of the jack 2-1, and the other end has a lower surface that fits against the surface of the part. The pressure plate 2-2 has an opening in the middle suitable for the bolt 2-3 to pass through; the bolt 2-3 passes through the opening and is threaded onto the base 1. There are two sets of clamping devices 2, located at both ends of the base 1. The connection between the first stepped pin 3-1 and the first pin hole, and the connection between the second stepped pin 3-2 and the second pin hole, are both interference fit connections. The end of the pressure plate 2-2 that contacts the part has a rounded chamfer.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] See Figures 5-7The present application provides a method for machining a fixture for lifting parts using a crankshaft, comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1. Clamp the first shaft 1-1 of the fixture with the chuck of the four-axis CNC machine tool, and tighten the second shaft 1-2 with the center of the machine tool, and install the fixture on the four-axis CNC machine tool;

[0076] S2. Insert the first positioning hole 100 of the part to be processed into the first step pin 3-1, and insert the second positioning hole 200 into the second step pin 3-2;

[0077] S3. Fix the part to be processed by clamping device 2, at which time the angle of the fixture is set to 0°;

[0078] S4. Rotate the fixture 90° using the machine tool to machine surface A of the part;

[0079] After surface S5.A is machined, the fixture is rotated back to 0° using the machine tool to machine surface C;

[0080] After surface S6.C is machined, keep the fixture angle unchanged, loosen the clamping device 2, take out the part, pull out the first step pin 3-1 and the second step pin 3-2 from the first pin hole and the second pin hole respectively, insert the first step pin 3-1 into the second pin hole, insert the second step pin 3-2 into the first pin hole, and at the same time rotate the part 180°, and repeat steps S2-S3.

[0081] S7. Machining surface B completes the machining of the part.

[0082] The fixture and its machining method for crankshaft lifting parts described in this application, wherein the crankshaft lifting parts are specially designed for lifting crankshafts, and the structure of the parts is as follows: Figure 2 The part shown is semi-circular, with a groove at one end running inwards and a raised structure at the other end. Lifting holes for connection to an overhead crane are provided along the edge. Refer to the instructions when using the part. Figure 3 The two parts work together. The protrusion of one part is inserted into the groove of the other part and connected and fixed through the first positioning hole 100 and the second positioning hole 200. The central circular hole is used to hoist the four-axis parts. Machining the grooves and protrusions at both ends of this part presents certain difficulties. First, there is no positioning support, and each part requires alignment during machining; an improper fixing method will damage the surface of the part. Second, machining the grooves and protrusions requires machining three surfaces (A, B, and C) of the part, requiring three alignments for each part. Using the crankshaft hoisting part fixture and its machining method described in this invention, the part can be quickly positioned without the need for scribing and alignment, saving machining time; the required grooves and protrusions can be machined simply by interchanged positions of the two stepped pins.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems or apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for machining crankshaft hoisting parts, characterized in that, The process is accomplished using a crankshaft-mounted component clamp, which includes: The base (1) has a shaft one (1-1) and a shaft two (1-2) on both sides, and a first pin hole and a second pin hole are provided on the upper part of the base (1). A clamping device (2) is provided on the upper part of the base (1); The stepped pin (3) includes a first stepped pin (3-1) and a second stepped pin (3-2). Both the first stepped pin (3-1) and the second stepped pin (3-2) include a large end and a small end. The small end of the first stepped pin (3-1) and the small end of the second stepped pin (3-2) are matched with the positioning hole of the part to be processed. The large end of the first stepped pin (3-1) is connected to the base (1) through the first pin hole, and the large end of the second stepped pin (3-2) is connected to the base (1) through the second pin hole. The outer diameter of the large end of the first stepped pin (3-1) and the second stepped pin (3-2) is the same; The small end of the first stepped pin (3-1) is a rhomboid prism or a rectangular prism; the small end of the second stepped pin (3-2) is a cylinder; The processing method includes the following steps: S1. Clamp the first axis (1-1) of the fixture with the chuck of the four-axis CNC machine tool, and tighten the second axis (1-2) with the center of the machine tool, and install the fixture on the four-axis CNC machine tool; S2. Insert the first positioning hole (100) of the part to be processed into the first step pin (3-1), and insert the second positioning hole (200) into the second step pin (3-2). S3. Fix the workpiece to be processed by clamping device (2), and at this time the angle of the fixture is set to 0°; S4. Rotate the fixture 90° using the machine tool to machine surface A of the part; After surface S5.A is machined, the fixture is rotated back to 0° using the machine tool to machine surface C; After the S6.C surface is machined, keep the clamp angle unchanged, loosen the clamping device (2), take out the part, pull out the first step pin (3-1) and the second step pin (3-2) from the first pin hole and the second pin hole respectively, insert the first step pin (3-1) into the second pin hole, insert the second step pin (3-2) into the first pin hole, and at the same time rotate the part 180°, and repeat steps S2-S3; S7. Machining surface B completes the machining of the part.

2. The processing method for crankshaft hoisting parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first step pin (3-1) and the second step pin (3-2) are both first-level step pins; the large ends of the first step pin (3-1) and the second step pin (3-2) are all installed inside the base (1).

3. The processing method for crankshaft hoisting parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the first step pin (3-1) and the second step pin (3-2) on the base (1) is less than the height of the machined surface relative to the base (1).

4. The machining method for crankshaft hoisting parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping device (2) includes a jack (2-1), a pressure plate (2-2), and a bolt (2-3); the jack (2-1) is fixed to the upper part of the base (1), one end of the pressure plate (2-2) is movably connected to the upper part of the jack (2-1), and the other end is provided with a lower surface that fits against the surface of the part. The pressure plate (2-2) is provided with an opening in the middle suitable for the bolt (2-3) to pass through; the bolt (2-3) passes through the opening and is threaded onto the base (1).

5. The processing method for crankshaft hoisting parts as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping device (2) consists of two sets, located at both ends of the base (1).

6. The machining method for crankshaft hoisting parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the first stepped pin (3-1) and the first pin hole, and the connection between the second stepped pin (3-2) and the second pin hole, are both interference fit connections.

7. The machining method for crankshaft hoisting parts as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure plate (2-2) has a rounded chamfer at one end that contacts the part.

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