A non-powered fresh air device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a non-powered fresh air device, which relates to the field of building ventilation technology. The present invention includes a building wall, an integrated heat collection assembly is installed on the side wall of the building wall, the integrated heat collection assembly is highly penetrated through the entire building facade, an air outlet duct is installed on the side wall of the integrated heat collection assembly, the air outlet duct penetrates the building wall and is interconnected with the interior of the room, and a one-way valve is installed inside the air outlet duct. Through the mutual cooperation of the provided air inlet duct, integrated heat collection assembly, exhaust duct, wind vane and other structures, the non-powered discharge of indoor polluted air is achieved, and the fresh air is allowed to enter the room to effectively improve the indoor environmental quality, improve the air quality, regulate the temperature and humidity, reduce the concentration of pollutants, promote healthy breathing, and reduce the dependence on existing mechanical ventilation equipment, reduce the noise level generated by the operation of mechanical equipment, and effectively improve the indoor comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building ventilation, in particular to a non-powered fresh air device. Background Art

[0002] Fresh air technology is a technology that introduces fresh outdoor air through air supply and exhaust systems and removes indoor exhaust gases and pollutants. It aims to improve indoor air quality, ensure fresh indoor air, and promote human health and comfort. Currently, with the improvement of people's living standards and the continuous development of urban construction, people are gradually spending more time indoors. Due to the increased use of enclosed spaces, the decline in indoor air quality has become a growing focus of attention. According to my country's "Indoor Air Quality Standards", the minimum indoor fresh air volume is 30 cubic meters per person per hour. Insufficient indoor fresh air can lead to deterioration in indoor air quality, increase carbon dioxide concentration and decrease oxygen concentration in the air, which can affect the normal function of the human respiratory system, leading to lack of concentration and slow thinking, thus affecting learning, work efficiency and physical health. In severe cases, it can also lead to the accumulation of harmful substances, the spread of pathogens, and increased allergy risks.

[0003] Traditional fresh air technology is relatively lacking in terms of building energy consumption and operating costs. It mainly relies on power-consuming mechanical equipment to promote air flow, which will lead to higher energy consumption, increase energy costs, and generate noise, affecting indoor quietness and comfort. For this reason, we propose a non-powered fresh air device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-powered fresh air device that uses solar energy to collect heat to form a chimney effect, causing negative pressure so that fresh air can automatically flow into the room, while discharging indoor exhaust gas and polluted air. It does not rely on additional electricity or mechanical equipment, reduces energy consumption and improves the indoor air quality of the building.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a non-powered fresh air device, comprising a building wall, an integrated heat collection assembly mounted on the side wall of the building wall, the integrated heat collection assembly extending vertically through the entire building facade, an air outlet duct mounted on the side wall of the integrated heat collection assembly, the air outlet duct extending through the building wall and communicating with the interior of the room, and a one-way valve mounted inside the air outlet duct;

[0006] An exhaust tube is installed at the top of the integrated heat collecting assembly, the top of the exhaust tube is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, a wind cap is installed on the top of the rotating shaft, and a horizontal axis is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the rotating shaft, and the horizontal axis is located below the wind cap;

[0007] One end of the horizontal axis is fixedly connected to a windshield, and the other end is fixedly connected to a wind vane.

[0008] Furthermore, an air inlet duct is installed on the side wall of the building wall, and the air inlet duct is located at the outer wall end of the through hole at the bottom of the building wall. A shutter is installed on the outer end of the air inlet duct, and a filter is installed on the inner side of the shutter.

[0009] Furthermore, the integrated heat collection assembly includes a shell mounted on a building wall through a keel, a storage groove is formed inside the shell, an insulation layer is installed inside the storage groove, a high-efficiency heat absorption plate is installed outside the insulation layer, a plurality of heat sinks are installed inside the high-efficiency heat absorption plate, the plurality of heat sinks are arranged vertically as a whole, and gaps are left between adjacent heat sinks, and a first cavity is formed between the insulation layer and the heat sink;

[0010] A transparent cover plate is installed on the outer side of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate, and a second cavity is formed between the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate and the transparent cover plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing includes a back panel and side panels, the back panel and the side panels are integrally formed to form a storage slot, and the transparent cover plate is adapted to the opening of the storage slot.

[0012] Furthermore, the transparent cover plate is made of ultra-white glass or highly transparent acrylic, and an anti-reflection film is evaporated on the outer surface of the transparent cover plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat sink is made of aluminum, the length range of each heat sink is set to 18-25 cm, and the gap range between adjacent heat sinks is 8-12 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the first cavity and the second cavity are both 20-30 mm, and a through hole is opened in the gap of the high-efficiency heat absorption plate, and the first cavity and the second cavity are interconnected through the through hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-efficiency heat absorption plate is configured as an integral plate or is formed by arranging tubular cylinders or rings, and an infrared reflection layer is plated on the outer side of the tube.

[0016] Furthermore, the sidewalls of the high-efficiency heat absorption plate are roughened by sandblasting or corroded to form a velvet surface, and are then sprayed with a selective absorption coating after the velvet surface treatment.

[0017] Furthermore, the top of the exhaust cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft via a bearing, and the hood is generally conical;

[0018] The bottom of the wind shield extends to the bottom of the exhaust duct opening, the wind vane is arranged perpendicular to the wind shield, the wind vane extends to the outside of the hood, and the top of the wind vane is higher than the top of the hood;

[0019] The tail of the wind vane is bent by 30 degrees.

[0020] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention realizes the unpowered discharge of indoor polluted air through the mutual cooperation of the air inlet duct, integrated heat collection assembly, exhaust duct, wind vane and other structures, allowing fresh air to enter the room, effectively improving the indoor environment quality, improving air quality, regulating temperature and humidity, reducing pollutant concentration, promoting healthy breathing, and reducing dependence on existing mechanical ventilation equipment, reducing the noise level generated by the operation of mechanical equipment, and effectively improving indoor comfort, especially in an environment where quiet work or rest is required;

[0022] (2) The present invention deposits an anti-reflection film on the outer surface of the transparent cover, performs a velvet treatment on the surface of the high-efficiency heat-absorbing plate, and sprays a selective absorption coating, which can effectively reduce the reflection efficiency of light, increase the refraction efficiency of light, and reduce heat loss, so that the high-efficiency heat-absorbing plate can absorb solar radiation energy to the maximum extent and convert it into heat energy, thereby facilitating the maximum utilization of natural energy to achieve indoor and outdoor air circulation, significantly reducing environmental pollution generated during the operation of the system, and having a significant positive impact on sustainable development and ecological environmental protection.

[0023] (3) The present invention achieves the dual functions of heating and providing fresh air by delivering heated air to the interior of the building in winter, effectively solving the balance problem between heating and ventilation in winter and providing a comfortable living environment for building users.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0026] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second viewing angle of the overall structure of the present invention

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the integrated heat collection assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram comparing the light absorption principle of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate before and after velvet treatment in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the thin film interference principle of the anti-reflection film on the transparent cover in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the wind vane structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7Schematic cross-sectional view of the air inlet duct in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8a and Figure 8b It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air outlet duct in the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Building wall; 2. Integrated solar collector assembly; 21. Outer shell; 22. Insulation layer; 23. High-efficiency heat absorber; 24. Heat sink; 25. First cavity; 26. Transparent cover; 27. Second cavity; 3. Air outlet duct; 4. One-way valve; 5. Exhaust duct; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Wind hood; 8. Horizontal axis; 9. Wind shield; 10. Weather vane; 11. Air inlet duct; 12. Venetian blinds; 13. Filter; 14. Window opening; 15. Floor slab; 16. Building parapet; n1. Air; n2. Anti-reflection film; n3. High-transmittance glass; i. Angle of incidence; S. Incident light; a. Light reflected from the upper surface; b. Light refracted after reflection from the lower surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0036] See also Figure 1-8b The present invention provides a technical solution: a non-powered fresh air device, comprising a building wall 1, an integrated heat collection assembly 2 installed on the side wall of the building wall 1, the integrated heat collection assembly 2 highly penetrating the entire building facade, an air outlet duct 3 installed on the side wall of the integrated heat collection assembly, the air outlet duct 3 penetrates the building wall 1 and is mutually connected with the room, and a one-way valve 4 is installed inside the air outlet duct 3;

[0037] An exhaust duct 5 is installed at the top of the integrated heat collecting assembly 2. The top of the exhaust duct 5 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 6. A wind cap 7 is installed on the top of the rotating shaft 6. A horizontal shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the rotating shaft 6. The horizontal shaft 8 is located below the wind cap 7.

[0038] One end of the horizontal axis 8 is fixedly connected to a windshield 9, and the other end is fixedly connected to a wind vane 10.

[0039] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, Figure 1-2 and Figure 7As shown, an air inlet duct 11 is installed on the side wall of the building wall 1. The air inlet duct 11 is located at the outer wall end of the bottom through hole of the building wall 1, and one is set on each floor. A shutter 12 is installed at the outer end of the air inlet duct 11, and a filter 13 is installed on the inner side of the shutter 12 through a pin. The set shutter 12 and filter 13 can prevent outdoor dust, rain, foreign matter and birds and animals from entering the air inlet duct 11 or indoors while introducing fresh air, so as to purify the outdoor air, adsorb or separate harmful substances in the air, and improve the indoor air quality. Then the indoor dirty air is discharged from the building through the integrated heat collection component 2 with the heat flow. It should be further explained that if the sealing performance of the room doors and windows is poor, or the doors and windows are open, there is no need to open the air inlet duct 11; if the sealing performance of the room doors and windows is good and the doors and windows are closed, an air inlet duct 11 needs to be set.

[0040] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the integrated heat collection component 2 is installed on the building wall 1. The south wall of the building wall 1 is the best, followed by the east wall and the west wall. The plane outline of the integrated heat collection component 2 does not exceed the outline range of the building wall 1, and it only needs to avoid the window opening 14. If necessary, the integrated heat collection component 2 can expand the area laterally to meet the indoor fresh air volume requirements, and the integrated heat collection component 2 can be used in single-story buildings, as well as multi-story buildings and high-rise buildings. Its height is the height of the entire building facade. The interior of the component is connected from top to bottom and closed at the top. Then, the indoor dirty air is discharged through the exhaust duct 5. The integrated heat collection component 2 has a hole at the top or middle air outlet position of each floor of the building, and the air outlet duct 3 is installed at the hole position.

[0041] Specifically, the integrated heat collection assembly 2 includes a shell 21 mounted on the building wall 1 through a keel. The shell 21 includes a back panel and side panels. The back panel and the side panels are integrally formed to form a storage groove. A storage groove is formed inside the shell 21. An insulation layer 22 is installed inside the storage groove. A high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 is installed outside the insulation layer 22. A plurality of heat sinks 24 are installed inside the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23. The plurality of heat sinks 24 are arranged vertically as a whole, and gaps are left between adjacent heat sinks 24. A first cavity 25 is formed between the insulation layer 22 and the heat sink 24.

[0042] A transparent cover plate 26 is installed on the outer side of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 , and a second cavity 27 is formed between the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 and the transparent cover plate 26 . The transparent cover plate 26 and the opening of the receiving slot are adapted to each other.

[0043] Further, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the material of the transparent cover 26 can be set to ultra-white glass or high-transmittance acrylic. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the transparent cover 26 is set to ultra-white glass, and the outer surface of the transparent cover 26 is evaporated with an anti-reflection film n2. The transparent cover 26 can reduce the heat loss of the heat collector to the environment and play a role in heat insulation. On the other hand, while protecting the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 from wind, frost, rain, snow and dust, it maximizes the transmission of sunlight, so that the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 can fully absorb the sun's heat. The anti-reflection film n2 can reduce the reflection loss of sunlight and further improve the solar energy absorption capacity.

[0044] It should be further explained that the anti-reflection film is a thin film coated on the surface with one or more layers of refractive index and thickness matching the substrate. The function of this film is to cause the light waves reflected on the two interfaces of the incident light to interfere with each other, thereby reducing the intensity of the reflected light and increasing the intensity of the transmitted light. Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, n1 is an air layer. The incident light S is incident on the anti-reflection film n2 at an incident angle i, and the reflected light a on the upper surface of the film and the refracted light entering the anti-reflection film medium n2 are obtained. The refracted light is reflected from the lower surface of the film to the upper surface of the film to obtain the refracted light b. The optical path difference between a and b is exactly half a wavelength, so they will interfere with each other when they meet, thereby reducing the intensity of the reflected light. At the same time, more light can penetrate the film layer, thereby improving the light transmission efficiency of the transparent cover 26 (high-transmittance glass n3).

[0045] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 is configured as an integral plate, and the material of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 is configured as metal (preferably copper) or glass. The plate-shaped side wall of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 is sandblasted or corroded to form a velvet surface, and a selective absorption coating is sprayed after the velvet surface treatment. It should be noted that the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 after the velvet surface treatment is formed with multiple refractive convex bodies, and the shape of the refractive convex bodies is pyramid-shaped. When solar radiation is incident on this wrinkled surface, the sunlight is absorbed after multiple reflections, and finally the absorptivity of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 can be increased to close to 1, greatly improving the absorptivity of sunlight.

[0046] The effective absorption rate of the surface of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 is as follows:

[0047] αe=1-ρn=1-(1-α)n

[0048] Wherein, αe is the effective absorptivity of the surface of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23; α is the absorptivity; ρ is the reflectivity; and n is the number of reflections of the incident radiation.

[0049] Furthermore, a selective absorption coating is sprayed on the surface of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23. The wavelength of solar radiation is concentrated in the wavelength range of 0.3-2.5 μm, while the thermal radiation of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 is concentrated in the wavelength range of 2-20 μm. The selective absorption coating has a high absorptivity for solar short-wave radiation and a low emissivity for long-wave thermal radiation, thereby enhancing the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23's ability to absorb solar radiation, while reducing heat loss and reducing the thermal radiation of the heat absorbing plate. Preferably, the selective absorption coating can be manufactured by magnetron sputtering, electroplating coating, electrochemical method, vacuum evaporation method, etc., which can achieve an absorptivity of 0.93-0.95 and an emissivity of 0.12-0.04, so that the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 can absorb solar radiation energy to the maximum extent and convert it into thermal energy.

[0050] In actual use, the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 can also be made into a cylindrical or annular shape. The cylinder or ring is a tube with a diameter of about 20-50 mm, arranged at intervals of about 50 mm, and the outer side of the tube is coated with an infrared reflection layer, which can effectively reflect infrared radiation in the solar spectrum. By reflecting infrared radiation back to the glass tube, heat loss can be reduced and energy utilization efficiency can be improved. A selective absorption coating is sprayed on the outer side of the infrared reflection layer. Its principle and production method are the same as those of the plate. The material of the cylinder or ring is set to glass, metal, ceramic or plastic.

[0051] On the other hand, Figure 3 As shown, the heat sink 24 is made of aluminum, and the length range value of each heat sink 24 is set to 18-25 cm. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the length of the heat sink 24 is set to 20 cm, and the gap range value formed between adjacent heat sinks 24 is 8-12 cm. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the gap is set to 10 cm so that air can circulate between the fins to increase the heat dissipation area and quickly dissipate the solar radiation heat absorbed by the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 into the first cavity 25 to form a hot pressure ventilation channel.

[0052] The thickness range of the first cavity 25 and the second cavity 27 is 20-30 mm. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the width of the first cavity 25 and the second cavity 27 are both set to 25 mm, and the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 is provided with a through hole at the gap. The first cavity 25 and the second cavity 27 are interconnected through the through hole. By utilizing the mutual penetration of the first cavity 25 and the second cavity 27, the absorbed heat energy can be evenly distributed in the device, which is used to reduce heat loss and improve thermal efficiency, while increasing the use intensity of the integrated heat collection assembly 2.

[0053] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the top of the exhaust tube 5 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 6 through a bearing, and the wind cap 7 is generally conical, which is convenient for preventing external impurities such as rainwater and leaves from falling into the exhaust tube 5;

[0054] The bottom of the wind shield 9 extends to the bottom of the opening of the exhaust duct 5, the wind vane 10 is arranged vertically to the wind shield 9, the wind vane 10 extends to the outside of the hood 7, and the top of the wind vane 10 is higher than the top of the hood 7. Natural wind force is used to guide the wind vane 10 to rotate around the rotating shaft 6 until the wind shield 9 is aligned with the windward side to block the outdoor wind and prevent air backflow. At the same time, negative pressure is formed at the opening of the exhaust duct 5, which is convenient for using negative pressure to suck / exhaust the hot air in the integrated heat collection assembly 2 to the outside, and the tail of the wind vane 10 is bent 30° to prevent the wind vane 10 from being unable to rotate and causing air backflow when the wind direction is facing the vertical surface of the wind vane 10.

[0055] In actual use, the exhaust duct 5, wind vane 10 and wind shield 9 can also be replaced with another technical solution, that is, a non-powered wind hood 7 is installed at the top closing part of the integrated heat collection component 2, and a stainless steel shell 21 is installed on the outside of the non-powered wind hood 7 to completely cover the non-powered wind hood 7. Holes are opened around the stainless steel shell 21 to install wind check valves to prevent external wind from entering the interior. The rising airflow in the cavity of the integrated heat collection component 2 is used to drive the non-powered wind hood 7 to rotate (the outdoor horizontal wind force will also drive the wind hood 7 to rotate), and a rotating airflow is formed in the stainless steel shell 21 and discharged through the wind check valve. Negative pressure is formed at the mouth of the wind hood 7, which can accelerate the rise and discharge of the airflow in the integrated heat collection component 2.

[0056] For the top floor of a building, Figure 8a As shown, if the height of the building parapet 16 is greater than 1.5 meters, the integrated heat collection assembly 2 can be extended to the top of the building parapet 16 to increase the thermal pressure, and the integrated heat collection assembly 2 opens an air outlet at the top of the building interior; Figure 8b As shown, if the parapet 16 of the building is relatively short, the integrated heat collection assembly 2 can open an air outlet in the middle of the building; for other floors of the building, the air outlet duct 3 is located below the floor slab 15, and holes are opened at the top of the room corresponding to the air outlet position of each floor. The top or middle through-hole of each floor of the building wall 1 corresponds to the air outlet position of the integrated heat collection assembly 2, and the air outlet of the integrated heat collection assembly 2 is connected through the air outlet duct 3. The one-way valve 4 is located at the inner wall end of the through-hole of the building wall 1 to prevent hot air from flowing back into the cavity of the integrated heat collection assembly 2; the air outlet duct 3 is used to introduce indoor dirty air into the cavity of the integrated heat collection assembly 2, and discharge it upward to the outdoors with the airflow in the cavity.

[0057] In actual use, the present invention can be used to provide fresh air without power throughout the year; in winter, the present invention can also be expanded to be used for indoor heating and ventilation of buildings. At this time, the top of the integrated heat collection component 2 is directly closed and the exhaust duct 5 is not connected. The fresh air outside is heated by the integrated heat collection component 2 and then directly transported to the room. In order to ensure efficiency, a low-power fan can also be installed as a backup to achieve the replacement of indoor polluted air, and at the same time have the dual functions of heating and ventilation. At this time, the air outlet of the integrated heat collection component 2 is located at the top of the room, and the air inlet is located at the bottom of the integrated heat collection component 2, so that hot air enters the room from the top of the room, and cold air enters the integrated heat collection component 2 from the bottom outside. If the bottom air outlet is opened on the wall directly into the room (at this time, the outside of the integrated heat collection component 2 is not open), it only serves to heat the room.

[0058] The principle and process of use of the present invention are as follows: when in use, outdoor fresh air enters the room through the air inlet duct 11, and the blinds 12 and the filter 13 provided can prevent outdoor dust, rain, foreign matter and birds and animals from entering the air inlet duct 11 or the room while introducing fresh air, so as to purify the outdoor air, adsorb or separate harmful substances in the air, and improve the indoor air quality. Then, in this process, the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate 23 absorbs external solar energy and converts it into heat energy, and dissipates the heat into the first cavity 25 and the second cavity 27, so that a heat flow can be formed in the first cavity 25 and the second cavity. The channel uses the thermal pressure difference to discharge the indoor polluted air to the outside, thereby realizing the unpowered introduction or exhaust of fresh air, effectively improving the indoor environmental quality, reducing the dependence on mechanical equipment, and reducing the noise level generated by the operation of mechanical equipment. In the process of absorbing solar energy, by evaporating the anti-reflection film n2 on the outer surface of the transparent cover plate 26, the surface of the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 is velvet-treated and sprayed with a selective absorption coating, the reflection efficiency of light can be effectively reduced, the refraction efficiency of light can be increased, and heat loss can be reduced, so that the high-efficiency heat absorption plate 23 can absorb solar radiation energy to the maximum extent and convert it into heat energy.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When an element is referred to as being "assembled on", "installed on", "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0061] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0062] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A non-powered fresh air device, comprising a building wall (1), characterized in that: An integrated heat collection assembly (2) is installed on the side wall of the building wall (1), the integrated heat collection assembly (2) penetrates the entire building facade at a high level, an air outlet duct (3) is installed on the side wall of the integrated heat collection assembly, the air outlet duct (3) penetrates the building wall (1) and is interconnected with the interior of the room, and a one-way valve (4) is installed inside the air outlet duct (3); An exhaust duct (5) is installed at the top end of the integrated heat collecting assembly (2), the top of the exhaust duct (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (6), a wind cap (7) is installed at the top end of the rotating shaft (6), a transverse shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the rotating shaft (6), and the transverse shaft (8) is located below the wind cap (7); One end of the horizontal axis (8) is fixedly connected to a windshield (9), and the other end is fixedly connected to a wind vane (10); The integrated heat collection assembly (2) comprises a housing (21) mounted on a building wall (1) via a keel, a receiving groove formed inside the housing (21), a heat-insulating layer (22) mounted inside the receiving groove, a high-efficiency heat-absorbing plate (23) mounted outside the heat-insulating layer (22), a plurality of heat-dissipating fins (24) mounted inside the high-efficiency heat-dissipating plate (23), the plurality of heat-dissipating fins (24) being arranged vertically as a whole, with gaps between adjacent heat-dissipating fins (24), and a first cavity (25) formed between the heat-insulating layer (22) and the heat-dissipating fins (24); A transparent cover plate (26) is installed on the outer side of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate (23), and a second cavity (27) is formed between the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate (23) and the transparent cover plate (26); The transparent cover plate (26) is made of ultra-clear glass or highly transparent acrylic, and an anti-reflection film (n2) is evaporated on the outer surface of the transparent cover plate (26); The thickness of the first cavity (25) and the second cavity (27) are both 20-30 mm, and the high-efficiency heat absorption plate (23) is provided with a through hole at the gap, and the first cavity (25) and the second cavity (27) are interconnected through the through hole; The side wall of the high-efficiency heat absorbing plate (23) is roughened by sandblasting or corroded to form a velvet surface, and a selective absorption coating is sprayed after the velvet surface treatment.

2. The unpowered fresh air device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet duct (11) is installed on the side wall of the building wall (1), and the air inlet duct (11) is located at the outer wall end of the bottom through hole of the building wall (1). A shutter (12) is installed at the outer end of the air inlet duct (11), and a filter (13) is installed on the inner side of the shutter (12).

3. The unpowered fresh air device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (21) comprises a back plate and side plates, the back plate and the side plates are integrally formed to form a storage slot, and the transparent cover plate (26) is adapted to the opening of the storage slot.

4. The unpowered fresh air device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat sink (24) is made of aluminum, the length of each heat sink (24) is set to a range of 18-25 cm, and the gap between adjacent heat sinks (24) is set to a range of 8-12 cm.

5. The unpowered fresh air device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-efficiency heat absorbing plate (23) is configured as an integral plate or is formed by arranging tubular cylinders or circular rings, and the outer side of the tube is plated with an infrared reflection layer.

6. The unpowered fresh air device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the exhaust cylinder (5) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (6) via a bearing, and the wind cap (7) is generally conical; The bottom of the wind shield (9) extends to below the opening of the exhaust duct (5), the wind vane (10) is arranged perpendicular to the wind shield (9), the wind vane (10) extends to the outside of the hood (7), and the top of the wind vane (10) is higher than the top of the hood (7); The tail of the wind vane (10) is bent 30 degrees.

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