A Method, System, and Storage Medium for Uplink Spectrum Resource Sharing and QoS Assurance in 5G / B5G Networks

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method, system and storage medium for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network, and relates to the technical field of cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X). The method includes: constructing a C-V2X system model based on a 5G / B5G network, establishing an optimization problem according to the priorities and QoS of vehicle terminal applications; solving the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm, matching the uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, realizing the best matching of different vehicle terminal applications with different spectrum resources, and allocating the spectrum resources matched thereto to the vehicle terminal applications; performing QoS detection on the vehicle terminal applications, and reallocating spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal applications that do not meet the QoS requirements until the vehicle terminal applications meet the QoS requirements. This method makes full use of the uplink and downlink decoupling technology in the 5G / B5G network, matches the spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications according to the priority of application requirements in the vehicle network and the usage situation of the LTE system, maximizes the uplink spectrum sharing efficiency while guaranteeing QoS.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X), and particularly relates to a method, a system and a storage medium for sharing uplink spectrum resources and guaranteeing QoS in a 5G / B5G network. Background Art

[0002] In a 5G / B5G network, due to the poor propagation performance of the millimeter-wave frequency band, a characteristic of small-cell dense networking is formed. In addition, due to the different transmission powers of base stations and vehicle terminals and the balance of uplink and downlink time slot ratios, there is an imbalance in uplink and downlink coverage in a 5G / B5G cellular network, especially uplink coverage limitation. To solve this problem, uplink-downlink decoupling technology is introduced in 5G / B5G to support multiple uplink carriers, mainly using lower frequency bands such as Sub-3G to improve uplink coverage. However, currently, the Sub-3G frequency band is mainly used by the LTE system. Since the LTE system has not yet withdrawn from the communication market, there will be a situation where the LTE system shares Sub-3G with the 5G system. On the other hand, in cellular vehicle-to-everything, there are application requirements with different priorities. For example, the application requirements for road safety have the highest priority, while the requirements for user information entertainment are relatively low.

[0003] The current spectrum sharing scheme cannot match spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications according to the priority of application requirements in vehicle-to-everything and the usage situation of the LTE system, resulting in low uplink spectrum sharing efficiency and unable to guarantee the QoS requirements of vehicle terminal applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a method, a system and a storage medium for sharing uplink spectrum resources and guaranteeing QoS in a 5G / B5G network. By making full use of the uplink-downlink decoupling technology in the 5G / B5G network, according to the priority of application requirements in vehicle-to-everything and the usage situation of the LTE system, spectrum resources are matched with vehicle terminal applications, while guaranteeing QoS, maximizing the uplink spectrum sharing efficiency.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for sharing uplink spectrum resources and guaranteeing QoS in a 5G / B5G network, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Construct a C-V2X system model based on the 5G / B5G network, and establish an optimization problem according to the priority and QoS of vehicle terminal applications;

[0007] S2: Solve the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm, match the uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, realize the best match between different vehicle terminal applications and different spectrum resources, and allocate the spectrum resources matched thereto to the vehicle terminal applications;

[0008] S3: Perform QoS detection on the vehicle terminal application, and reallocate spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal application that does not meet the QoS requirements until the vehicle terminal application meets the QoS requirements.

[0009] Preferably, the establishment of the optimization problem includes:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, represents the quantized priority, represents the vehicle terminal application unused sub - band in frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application matched sub - band of frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application unused sub - band in frequency f Sub ; represents the vehicle terminal application matched sub - band of frequency f Sub ; represents the transmission rate of the vehicle terminal application using frequency f 5G ; represents the transmission rate of the vehicle terminal application using frequency f Sub ; represents the transmission rate of the vehicle terminal application using frequency f 5G ; represents that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub - band of frequency f 5G ; represents that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub - band of frequency f Sub ; represents the vehicle terminal application can only use one sub - band of frequency f 5G or frequency f Sub ; C t is the rate QoS threshold, p o is the probability value, represents that the probability that the transmission rate of the vehicle terminal application using frequency f Sub is less than the QoS threshold C t is less than p o , represents the vehicle terminal application The usage frequency f 5G has a transmission rate less than the QoS threshold C t and the probability value is less than p o .

[0012] Preferably, the vehicle terminal application has a transmission rate including:

[0013] When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band,

[0014]

[0015] When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, the vehicle terminal application has a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio as follows:

[0016]

[0017] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band,

[0018]

[0019] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, the vehicle terminal application has a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, B 5G is the sub-bandwidth allocated to the vehicle terminal application when using the 5G frequency band f 5G , P v is the transmission power of the vehicle terminal application , PL vB (f 5G ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application uses the 5G frequency band f 5G to transmit to the base station, and σ 2 represents the noise power; B sub is the sub-bandwidth allocated to the vehicle terminal application when using the Sub-3G frequency band f Sub , PL vB (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub-3G sub-band to transmit to the base station, P L is the transmission power of the LTE user, and PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the LTE user uses the Sub-3G sub-band to transmit to the base station.

[0022] Preferably, the solving of the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm includes:

[0023] Using an improved KM (Kuhn - Munkres) algorithm to obtain the optimal matching between vehicle terminal applications and sub - frequency bands in two frequency bands, that is, solving to obtain and And allocating the spectrum resources matched thereto to the vehicle terminal applications.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network, and the system includes:

[0025] A building module, configured to construct a C - V2X system model based on a 5G / B5G network, and establish an optimization problem according to the priority and QoS of vehicle terminal applications;

[0026] A matching module, configured to solve the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm, match the uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, achieve the best matching between different vehicle terminal applications and different spectrum resources, and allocate the spectrum resources matched thereto to the vehicle terminal applications;

[0027] A detection module, configured to perform QoS detection on the vehicle terminal applications, and re - allocate spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal applications that do not meet the QoS requirements until the vehicle terminal applications meet the QoS requirements.

[0028] Preferably, the building module establishing the optimization problem includes:

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, represents the quantized priority, represents the vehicle terminal application unused sub - frequency band in frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application matched sub - frequency band of frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application unused sub - frequency band in frequency f Sub ; represents the vehicle terminal application matched sub - frequency band in frequency f Sub ; represents the used frequency f of the vehicle terminal application ​5G The transmission rate represents the vehicle terminal application usage frequency f Sub of the transmission rate; represents the vehicle terminal application usage frequency f 5G of the transmission rate; indicates that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub - band of frequency f 5G ; indicates that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub - band of frequency f Sub in; represents the vehicle terminal application can only use frequency f 5G or frequency f Sub in one of the sub - bands; C t is the rate QoS threshold, p o is the probability value, represents the vehicle terminal application using frequency f Sub with a transmission rate less than the QoS threshold C t and the probability value is less than p o , represents the vehicle terminal application using frequency f 5G with a transmission rate less than the QoS threshold C t and the probability value is less than p o .

[0032] Preferably, the transmission rate of the vehicle terminal application includes:

[0033] When the uplink uses the 5G band,

[0034]

[0035] When the uplink uses the 5G band, the signal - to - interference - plus - noise ratio of the vehicle terminal application is as follows: as follows:

[0036]

[0037] When the uplink uses the Sub - 3G band,

[0038]

[0039] When the uplink uses the Sub - 3G band, the signal - to - interference - plus - noise ratio of the vehicle terminal application is as follows: as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, B 5G is the sub - band bandwidth allocated when the vehicle terminal application uses the 5G frequency band f 5G ; P v is the transmission power of the vehicle terminal application ; PL vB (f 5G ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application uses the 5G frequency band f 5G to transmit to the base station; σ 2 represents the noise power; B sub is the sub - band bandwidth allocated when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub - 3G frequency band f Sub ; PL vB (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub - 3G sub - band to transmit to the base station; P L is the transmission power of the LTE user; PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the LTE user uses the Sub - 3G sub - band to transmit to the base station.

[0042] Preferably, the matching module uses a preset optimization algorithm to solve the optimization problem, including:

[0043] Using an improved KM (Kuhn - Munkres) algorithm to obtain the optimal matching of the sub - bands in the two frequency bands for the vehicle terminal application, that is, solving to obtain and and allocating the matched spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal application.

[0044] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network. The system includes: a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer - executable instructions, and when the computer - executable instructions are executed by the processor, the above - mentioned method steps are implemented.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a computer - readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer - readable storage medium stores computer - executable instructions, and when the computer - executable instructions are executed by the processor, the above - mentioned method steps are implemented.

[0046] Beneficial effects: The method for efficient sharing of C-V2X spectrum resources in a 5G / B5G network provided by the present invention makes full use of the uplink-downlink decoupling technology in the 5G / B5G network, matches the spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications according to the priority of application requirements in the vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network and the usage of the LTE system, and maximizes the uplink spectrum sharing efficiency while ensuring QoS.

[0047] The features and advantages of the present invention will become clear by referring to the following drawings and the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the method for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 and Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of weighted bipartite graph matching of spectrum resources in the 5G / B5G network of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 is the performance comparison between the improved KM algorithm and the random matching algorithm and the greedy algorithm;

[0051] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the proportion of users satisfying QoS before and after comparison;

[0052] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0053] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the method for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a method for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network, and the method includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: Construct a C-V2X system model based on the 5G / B5G network, and establish an optimization problem according to the priority and QoS of vehicle terminal applications;

[0057] S2: Solve the optimization problem using a preset optimization algorithm, match the uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, achieve the best match between different vehicle terminal applications and different spectrum resources, and allocate the spectrum resources matched by the vehicle terminal applications to them;

[0058] S3: Perform QoS detection on the vehicle terminal applications, and re-allocate spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal applications that do not meet the QoS requirements until the vehicle terminal applications meet the QoS requirements.

[0059] In this embodiment, according to the application demand priority in the vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network and the usage of the LTE system, the spectrum resources are matched with vehicle terminal applications, while ensuring QoS, maximizing the uplink spectrum sharing efficiency.

[0060] Preferably, the establishment of the optimization problem includes:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Among them, represents the quantized priority, represents the vehicle terminal application unused sub-band in frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application matched sub-band of frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application unused sub-band in frequency f Sub ; represents the vehicle terminal application matched sub-band of frequency f Sub ; represents the transmission rate of the used frequency f of the vehicle terminal application 5G ; represents the transmission rate of the used frequency f of the vehicle terminal application Sub ; represents the transmission rate of the used frequency f of the vehicle terminal application 5G ; means that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub-band of frequency f 5G ; means that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub-band in frequency f Sub ; represents the vehicle terminal application Only frequency f can be used 5G or frequency f Sub A sub-band in C t is the rate QoS threshold, p o is the probability value, Indicates vehicle terminal application Use frequency f Sub The transmission rate is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value is less than p o , Indicates vehicle terminal application Use frequency f 5G The transmission rate is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value is less than p o .

[0064] Preferably, the vehicle terminal application The transfer rates include:

[0065] When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band,

[0066]

[0067] When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, vehicle terminal applications Signal-to-interference-noise ratio as follows:

[0068]

[0069] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band,

[0070]

[0071] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, vehicle terminal applications Signal-to-interference-noise ratio as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, B 5G It is a vehicle terminal application Use 5G frequency band f 5G The sub-band bandwidth allocated when P v For vehicle terminal applications The transmission power, PL vB (f 5G ) indicates vehicle terminal application Using 5G frequency band f 5G Path loss when transmitting to the base station, σ 2 represents the noise power; Bsub is a vehicle terminal application The sub - band bandwidth allocated when using the Sub - 3G band f Sub , PL vB (f Sub ) represents the vehicle terminal application The path loss when the Sub - 3G sub - band is used for transmission to the base station by the vehicle terminal application, P L is the transmission power of the LTE user. PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the LTE user uses the Sub - 3G sub - band for transmission to the base station. Specifically, a 5G / B5G - based C - V2X network is established, including a cellular base station that can communicate with all vehicles within its coverage area. In the cellular vehicle - to - everything network, there are V vehicle terminal applications, denoted as and L LTE users, denoted as In the uplink, when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub - 3G band f Sub , it will interfere with the LTE users; when the vehicle terminal application uses the 5G band f 5G , the vehicle terminal application will not interfere with any terminal. The vehicle terminal applications have N levels of priority. For example, some vehicle terminal applications are performing autonomous driving and need to contact the base station in a timely manner for machine - learning parameter updates or data uploads, and such vehicle terminal applications have the highest priority. There are also vehicle terminal applications that are uploading information - type or entertainment - type data, and such vehicle terminal applications have a lower priority. We quantify the priorities of these vehicle terminal applications as At the same time, to ensure QoS, we set the probability that the upload rate of the vehicle terminal application using the Sub - 3G band in the matching result is lower than the threshold C t to p o . We establish the following optimization problem:

[0074]

[0075] where represents the quantified priority, represents the vehicle terminal application does not use the sub - band in frequency f 5G , represents the vehicle terminal application matches the sub - band of frequency f 5G ; represents the vehicle terminal application does not use the sub - band in frequency f Sub , represents the vehicle terminal application matches the sub - band of frequency f SubSub - frequency bands within; Indicates the usage frequency f of the vehicle terminal application of; 5G transmission rate, Indicates the usage frequency f of the vehicle terminal application of; Sub transmission rate; Indicates the usage frequency f of the vehicle terminal application of; 5G transmission rate;

[0076] The specific formula is as follows:

[0077] When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band,

[0078]

[0079] When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, the signal - to - interference - plus - noise ratio of the vehicle terminal application is as follows: as follows:

[0080]

[0081] The vehicle terminal application uses the 5G frequency band f 5G and the allocated bandwidth is B 5G , which is a constant. P v is the transmission power of the vehicle terminal application and is independent of the frequency band used by the vehicle terminal application. PL vB (f 5G ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application transmits to the base station using the 5G frequency band f 5G . σ 2 represents the noise power.

[0082] In formula (4), PL vB (f 5G ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application transmits to the base station using the 5G frequency band. Depending on whether there is a line - of - sight between the vehicle terminal application and the base station, the following situations exist:

[0083] Assume that the path - loss model when there is a line - of - sight is:

[0084] PL vB (f 5G ) = 28 + 22lg(d vB ) + 20lg(f 5G ). (5)

[0085] Assume that the path - loss model when there is no line - of - sight is:

[0086] PL vB (f 5G ) = 32.4 + 30lg(d vB ) + 20lg(f 5G ). (6)

[0087] Where d vB is the distance between the vehicle terminal application and the base station. The method proposed in this embodiment is independent of the specific model of path loss. Here, it is only for example to facilitate understanding.

[0088] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band,

[0089]

[0090] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the vehicle terminal application is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] The sub-bandwidth B of the vehicle terminal application sub is a constant. P v is the transmission power of the vehicle terminal application . PL vB (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub-3G sub-band to transmit to the base station. σ 2 represents the noise power. P L is the transmission power of the LTE user. PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the LTE user uses the Sub-3G sub-band to transmit to the base station.

[0093] In Equation (8), PL vB (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub-3G frequency band to transmit to the base station. Depending on whether there is a line of sight between the vehicle terminal application and the base station, the following situations exist:

[0094] Assume that the path loss model when there is a line of sight is:

[0095] PL vB (f Sub ) = 28 + 22lg(d vB ) + 20lg(f Sub ) (9)

[0096] ​Assuming there is no line of sight, the path loss model is:

[0097] PL vB (f Sub )=32.4+30lg(d vB )+20lg(f Sub ) (10)

[0098] Among them, d vB is the distance between the vehicle terminal application and the base station. The method proposed in this embodiment has nothing to do with the specific model of path loss, and is only used as an example to facilitate understanding.

[0099] In formula (8), PL lv (f Sub ) indicates the path loss from the LTE user to the base station when using the Sub-3G frequency band for transmission. Depending on whether there is line of sight between the LTE user and the base station, the following situations exist:

[0100] Assuming there is line of sight, the path loss model is:

[0101] PL lv (f Sub )=32.4+20lg(d lv )+20lg(f Sub ) (11)

[0102] Assuming there is no line of sight, the path loss model is:

[0103] PL lv (f Sub )=36.85+30lg(d lv )+18.9lg(f Sub ) (12)

[0104] Among them, d lv For vehicle terminal applications The distance from the LTE users sharing the same sub-frequency band to the base station. The method proposed in this embodiment is irrelevant to the specific model of path loss, and is only used as an example to facilitate understanding.

[0105] The carrier frequencies of Sub-3G and 5G bands have the following relationship:

[0106] f Sub <<f 5G (13)

[0107] Because Sub-3G is shared by the Internet of Vehicles and LTE, the bandwidth allocated to the Internet of Vehicles is far less than the 5G frequency band allocated solely for the Internet of Vehicles. The symbol "<<" indicates far less than. So let the following relationship be

[0108] Bsub <<B 5G (14)

[0109] Preferably, the solving of the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm includes:

[0110] Using an improved KM (Kuhn - Munkres) algorithm to obtain the optimal matching between the vehicle terminal applications and the sub - bands in the two frequency bands, that is, solving to obtain and And allocating the spectrum resources matched thereto to the vehicle terminal applications.

[0111] Specifically, assume that the number of available sub - bands in the LTE frequency band is M, the number of available sub - bands in the 5G frequency band is G, and M + G >> V. The symbol ">>" means much greater than. According to the number of vehicle terminal applications, it is determined that M' sub - bands in the LTE frequency band are used and G' sub - bands in the 5G frequency band are used, where M' + G' = V. The respective values of M' and G' do not affect the method proposed in this embodiment. Therefore, as an example, M' can be determined as the ceiling of (V * 50%) for the LTE frequency band, and G' = V - M' to determine the number of LTE sub - bands M' and the number of 5G sub - frequencies G'. According to the steps in S1, the usage of LTE in each sub - band is known. Therefore, when the vehicle terminal applications are matched with different sub - bands, the vehicle terminal applications will have different and values, that is, according to the calculation in step 1, obtain and According to formula (2a), this algorithm needs to satisfy Transform this formula to get Similarly, obtain

[0112] It can be seen from constraints (2c), (2d), and (2e) that the optimal solution needs to satisfy one - to - one matching. Therefore, this embodiment uses an improved KM (Kuhn - Munkres) algorithm to obtain the optimal matching between the vehicle terminal applications and the sub - bands in the two frequency bands, that is, and

[0113] The specific implementation is as follows: As Figures 2 - 4 shown, the vehicle terminal applications are used as the left - hand vertices, and V frequency bands are used as the right - hand vertices. For the convenience of the following discussion, define to represent the i - th sub - band in the 5G frequency band, where i = {1, …, M'}. Define to represent the j - th sub - band in the Sub - 3G frequency band, where j = {1, …, G'}. and As the weights of V vehicle terminals applied to V sub - bands. As Figure 2 shown, V vehicle terminals are matched with V frequency bands. Figure 2 The solid line in it is the final matching result. Figure 2 The dashed line in it is the unmatched matching.

[0114] Step 1, Initialization: Assign the left - hand vertex the maximum weight value of the out - edge (i.e., in the left - to - right direction), that is Assign the right - hand vertex 0.

[0115] Step 2, The first left - hand vertex is directly matched with the right - hand vertex according to the maximum weight of the out - edge. Then, the second left - hand vertex starts to find the right - hand vertex corresponding to the maximum weight of the out - edge.

[0116] Step 3, If the right - hand vertex corresponding to the maximum weight found by the left - hand vertex is not matched, establish a matching connection, and then perform the same operation on the next left - hand vertex.

[0117] Step 4, If the right - hand vertex corresponding to the maximum weight found by the left - hand vertex has been matched, an augmenting path needs to be found. Starting from the left - hand vertex, take an alternating path. If a right - hand unmatched vertex with the minimum δ value can be found except for the already - matched path, this path is called an augmenting path. The δ value is the sum of the left - and right - hand vertex values minus the weight of the route connecting these two vertices. There may be several right - hand unmatched vertices with the minimum δ value, and any one can be randomly selected. Update the existing matching according to the augmenting path, and replace the existing matching with the newly established matching.

[0118] Step 5, Update the left - and right - hand vertex values, subtract δ from all the left - hand vertices in this augmenting path, and add δ to the right - hand vertices.

[0119] Step 6, Continue to perform the operations of Step 3, Step 4, and Step 5 on the next vertex until all the left - hand vertices are matched.

[0120] Step 7, According to the frequency bands matched by the user, check whether the following QoS restrictions are met:

[0121]

[0122] Or

[0123] If not met, add sub - bands of the corresponding frequency band to the vehicle terminal application and update or value. Among them, and are the weights of V vehicle terminals applied to V sub - bands.

[0124] Step 4 can refer to the example in Figure 3 . As shown in (a) in Figure 3 , the first two vertices on the left have been successfully matched. To match the third vertex on the left, the maximum weight matching of the third vertex on the left is the second vertex on the right. Since the second vertex on the right has already been matched with the first vertex on the left, as shown in (b) in Figure 3 , start an alternating path from the third vertex on the left, reach the first vertex on the left. The first vertex on the left is found, and among the unmatched vertices on the right, excluding the second vertex on the right, the vertex on the right with the smallest δ value is the fourth vertex on the right. As shown in (c) in Figure 3 , update the existing matching according to the augmenting path. Remove the solid arrow segments in the existing matching in (b) in Figure 3 , and establish a new matching, that is, the solid arrow segments in (c) in Figure 3 . Update the vertex values on the left and right sides, subtract δ from all the left vertices in this augmenting path, and add δ to the right vertices. The updated matching is shown in (d) in Figure 3 . Figure 3 (e) in Figure 3 is the matching of the fourth vertex on the left. The maximum matching of the fourth vertex on the left is the second vertex on the right, and the second vertex on the right has already been matched with the third vertex on the left. Start an alternating path from the fourth vertex on the left, reach the third vertex on the left. The third vertex on the left is found, and among the unmatched vertices on the right, excluding the second vertex on the right, the vertex on the right with the smallest δ value is the third vertex on the right. Update the existing matching according to the augmenting path. Remove the solid arrow segments in the existing matching in (e) in Figure 3 , and replace them with the newly established matching, that is, the solid arrow segments in (f) in Figure 3 . Update the vertex values on the left and right sides, subtract δ from all the left vertices in this augmenting path, and add δ to the right vertices. The updated matching is shown in (g) in

[0125] Figure 5 Compares the proportion of users satisfying QoS after the improvement of adding Step 7 and without using Step 7.

[0126] In this embodiment, according to the priority of application requirements in the vehicle - to - everything network and the usage of the LTE system, the spectrum resources are matched with vehicle terminal applications, ensuring QoS while maximizing the uplink spectrum sharing efficiency.

[0127] Embodiment 2

[0128] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6 , this embodiment provides a system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network. The system includes:

[0129] A building module 601, configured to construct a C - V2X system model based on a 5G / B5G network, and establish an optimization problem according to the priority and QoS of vehicle terminal applications;

[0130] A matching module 602, configured to solve the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm, match the uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, achieve the best match between different vehicle terminal applications and different spectrum resources, and allocate the spectrum resources matched thereto to the vehicle terminal applications;

[0131] A detection module 603, configured to perform QoS detection on the vehicle terminal applications, and re-allocate spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal applications that do not meet the QoS requirements until the vehicle terminal applications meet the QoS requirements.

[0132] Preferably, the establishment module 601 establishing the optimization problem includes:

[0133]

[0134] Wherein, represents the quantized priority, represents a vehicle terminal application unused frequency f 5G in the sub-band, represents a vehicle terminal application matched the frequency f 5G sub-band; represents a vehicle terminal application unused frequency f Sub in the sub-band, represents a vehicle terminal application matched the frequency f Sub sub-band; represents a vehicle terminal application used frequency f 5G transmission rate, represents a vehicle terminal application used frequency f Sub transmission rate; represents a vehicle terminal application used frequency f 5G transmission rate; represents that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub-band of frequency f 5G ; represents that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the same sub-band of frequency f Sub ; represents a vehicle terminal application can only use one sub-band of frequency f 5G or frequency f Sub ; C t is the rate QoS threshold, p o is the probability value, Indicates the vehicle terminal application The usage frequency f Sub The transmission rate of which is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value of which should be less than p o , Indicates the vehicle terminal application The usage frequency f 5G The transmission rate of which is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value of which should be less than p o .

[0135] Preferably, the vehicle terminal application The transmission rate includes:

[0136] When the uplink uses the 5G band,

[0137]

[0138] When the uplink uses the 5G band, the vehicle terminal application The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is as follows:

[0139]

[0140] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G band,

[0141]

[0142] When the uplink uses the Sub-3G band, the vehicle terminal application The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is as follows:

[0143]

[0144] Among them, B 5G is the sub-band bandwidth allocated when the vehicle terminal application uses the 5G band f 5G , P v is the transmission power of the vehicle terminal application , PL vB (f 5G ) indicates that the vehicle terminal application uses the 5G band f 5G to transmit the path loss to the base station, σ 2 represents the noise power; B sub is the sub-band bandwidth allocated when the vehicle terminal application uses the Sub-3G band f Sub , PL vB (f Sub ) indicates that the vehicle terminal application The path loss P when transmitting to the base station using the Sub-3G sub-band L The transmission power of the LTE user, PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when the LTE user transmits to the base station using the Sub-3G sub-band.

[0145] Preferably, the matching module 602 solving the optimization problem using a preset optimization algorithm includes:

[0146] Using an improved KM (Kuhn-Munkres) algorithm to obtain the optimal matching of the vehicle terminal application with the sub-band in the two frequency bands, that is, solving to obtain and And allocating the spectrum resources matched by the vehicle terminal application to it.

[0147] The specific implementation process of the functions implemented by each module in this Embodiment 2 is the same as the implementation process of each step in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0148] Embodiment 3

[0149] This embodiment provides a system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network. The system includes: a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the method steps in Embodiment 1 are implemented. The specific implementation process can refer to the implementation process of the method steps in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0150] Embodiment 4

[0151] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the method steps in Embodiment 1 are implemented. The specific implementation process can refer to the implementation process of the method steps in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0152] It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions, and the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device for implementing the specified functions in Figure 1 one process or multiple processes and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0153] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufacture including an instruction means that implements the function specified in one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 specified in the block or blocks.

[0154] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the function specified in one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 specified in the block or blocks.

[0155] The foregoing are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the specifications and drawings of the present invention under the concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Build a C-V2X system model based on 5G / B5G network and establish optimization problems according to the priority and QoS of vehicle terminal applications; S2: using a preset optimization algorithm to solve the optimization problem, matching uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, achieving optimal matching between different vehicle terminal applications and different spectrum resources, and allocating the matched spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal applications; S3: Perform QoS detection on the vehicle terminal application, and reallocate spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal application that does not meet the QoS requirement until the vehicle terminal application meets the QoS requirement; the establishment of the optimization problem includes: in, Indicates the quantized priority, Indicates vehicle terminal application Unused frequency f 5G The sub-bands in Indicates vehicle terminal application Matched frequency f 5G sub-band; Indicates vehicle terminal application Unused frequency f Sub The sub-bands in Indicates vehicle terminal application Matched frequency f Sub The sub-bands in Indicates vehicle terminal application Frequency of use f 5G The transmission rate, Indicates vehicle terminal application Frequency of use f Sub The transmission rate; Indicates vehicle terminal application Frequency of use f 5G The transmission rate; Indicates that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the frequency f 5G The same sub-band; Indicates that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the frequency f Sub The same sub-band in Indicates vehicle terminal application Only frequency f can be used 5G or frequency f Sub A sub-band in C t is the rate QoS threshold, p o is the probability value, Indicates vehicle terminal application Use frequency f Sub The transmission rate is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value is less than p o , Indicates vehicle terminal application Use frequency f 5G The transmission rate is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value is less than p o ;Vehicle terminal application The transfer rates include: When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, vehicle terminal applications Signal-to-interference-noise ratio as follows: When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, vehicle terminal applications Signal-to-interference-noise ratio as follows: Among them, B 5G It is a vehicle terminal application Use 5G frequency band f 5G The sub-band bandwidth allocated when P v For vehicle terminal applications The transmission power, PL vB (f 5G ) indicates vehicle terminal application Using 5G frequency band f 5G Path loss when transmitting to the base station, σ 2 represents the noise power; B sub It is a vehicle terminal application Use Sub-3G bandf Sub The sub-band bandwidth allocated when PL vB (f Sub ) indicates vehicle terminal application Path loss when transmitting to the base station using the Sub-3G sub-band, P L is the transmission power of LTE users, PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when LTE users transmit to the base station using the Sub-3G sub-band.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The adopting of a preset optimization algorithm to solve the optimization problem includes: The improved KM (Kuhn-Munkres) algorithm is used to obtain the optimal match between the vehicle terminal application and the sub-bands of the two frequency bands, that is, and And allocate matching spectrum resources to vehicle terminal applications.

3. A system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network, characterized in that: The system comprises: Establish a module for building a C-V2X system model based on 5G / B5G network and establish optimization problems based on the priority and QoS of vehicle terminal applications; A matching module, used to solve the optimization problem by using a preset optimization algorithm, match uplink spectrum resources with vehicle terminal applications, achieve optimal matching between different vehicle terminal applications and different spectrum resources, and allocate the matched spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal applications; The detection module is used to perform QoS detection on the vehicle terminal application and reallocate spectrum resources to the vehicle terminal application that does not meet the QoS requirements until the vehicle terminal application meets the QoS requirements; the establishment module establishes the optimization problem including: in, Represents a quantized priority. Indicates vehicle terminal application Unused frequency f 5G The sub-bands in Indicates vehicle terminal application Matched frequency f 5G sub-band; Indicates vehicle terminal application Unused frequency f Sub The sub-bands in Indicates vehicle terminal application Matched frequency f Sub The sub-bands in Indicates vehicle terminal application Frequency of use f 5G The transmission rate, Indicates vehicle terminal application Frequency of use f Sub The transmission rate; Indicates vehicle terminal application Frequency of use f 5G The transmission rate; Indicates that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the frequency f 5G The same sub-band; Indicates that different vehicle terminal applications cannot match the frequency f Sub The same sub-band in Indicates vehicle terminal application Only frequency f can be used 5G or frequency f Sub A sub-band in C t is the rate QoS threshold, p o is the probability value, Indicates vehicle terminal application Use frequency f Sub The transmission rate is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value is less than p o , Indicates vehicle terminal application Use frequency f 5G The transmission rate is less than the QoS threshold C t The probability value is less than p o ;Vehicle terminal application The transfer rates include: When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, When the uplink uses the 5G frequency band, vehicle terminal applications Signal-to-interference-noise ratio as follows: When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, When the uplink uses the Sub-3G frequency band, vehicle terminal applications Signal-to-interference-noise ratio as follows: Among them, B 5G It is a vehicle terminal application Use 5G frequency band f 5G The sub-band bandwidth allocated when P v For vehicle terminal applications The transmission power, PL vB (f 5G ) indicates vehicle terminal application Using 5G frequency band f 5G Path loss when transmitting to the base station, σ 2 represents the noise power; B sub It is a vehicle terminal application Use Sub-3G bandf Sub The sub-band bandwidth allocated when PL vB (f Sub ) indicates vehicle terminal application Path loss when transmitting to the base station using the Sub-3G sub-band, P L is the transmission power of LTE users, PL lv (f Sub ) represents the path loss when LTE users transmit to the base station using the Sub-3G sub-band.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The matching module adopts a preset optimization algorithm to solve the optimization problem, including: The improved KM (Kuhn-Munkres) algorithm is used to obtain the optimal match between the vehicle terminal application and the sub-bands of the two frequency bands, that is, and And allocate matching spectrum resources to vehicle terminal applications.

5. A system for uplink spectrum resource sharing and QoS guarantee in a 5G / B5G network, characterized in that: The system comprises: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

Images