Tailings dewatering coagulant and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coagulant aid, and discloses a tailing dewatering coagulant aid as well as a preparation method and application thereof.The tailing dewatering coagulant aid comprises the following components in parts by weight: corn cob extract 90-110 parts; polyacrylamide 9-11 parts; acetaldehyde 3-5 parts; ethylene oxide 3-5 parts; potassium hydroxide 1-3 parts; methanol 1-3 parts; magnesium chloride 1-3 parts; yeast 0.5-1 part; alum 1-3 parts; activated carbon 3-5 parts; and water 50-60 parts.The present application uses corn cob of natural plant corn as the main raw material, and uses the coagulant aid with corn cob extract as the main component to capture the suspended particles in the coal mine tailing slurry, so that the turbidity removal rate is high; the formed coagulum has a large volume, fast settling and high coagulation efficiency; the unit coagulant aid demand usage amount increases limitedly, but the unit demand amount of inorganic substances and organic compounds in the coagulant aid is greatly reduced, and the present application is more environmentally friendly and safe.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coagulant, in particular to a tailing dewatering coagulant and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tailing is one of the products of separation operation in ore dressing, and becomes tailing under the current technical and economic conditions because of its low content of useful components. Ore is ground into very fine ore slurry, and the ore powder less than 0.075mm generally accounts for 50%-70%, and some are even finer. The ore slurry concentration is generally about 15%-40%. If it is discharged into a tailing pond, it includes a large amount of water in addition to the ore sand, which is basically equivalent to a reservoir. The large accumulation of tailing not only causes environmental pollution, but also easily causes tailing dam breakage, which brings safety hazards. Therefore, how to discharge and store tailing has become an important problem.

[0003] The volume of tailing water generated during the development and utilization of coal mines is also relatively large, and the tailing water contains a large amount of harmful substances. Tailing dry discharge is a new tailing treatment process in recent years. The tailing slurry discharged after ore dressing is concentrated by using a coagulant, and then treated by a series of efficient dewatering equipment to form slag with low water content, easy to precipitate and store in a site. The slag can be sold as a building material or transported to a fixed place for dry storage. The tailing dry discharge process can relieve the pressure of tailing pond capacity, reduce the safety hazards of tailing pond, and increase the means of tailing reuse, which is a tailing treatment process for realizing green and environmentally-friendly mines.

[0004] Traditional coagulants are mainly inorganic compounds and artificially synthesized organic substances. The use amount is large, and secondary pollution is easy to occur. The large application of aluminum salt has a significant impact on the environment. The preparation of coagulant from natural materials is a way to reduce the use amount of inorganic coagulant. The coagulant made of natural materials has excellent properties such as biodegradability, no secondary pollution, safety and harmlessness, and achieves the purpose of reducing the use of inorganic coagulant. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims at solving the problems in the prior art, and provides a tailing dewatering coagulant and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme.

[0007] A tailing dewatering coagulant, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: corn cob extract 90-110 parts; polyacrylamide 9-11 parts; acetaldehyde 3-5 parts; ethylene oxide 3-5 parts; potassium hydroxide 1-3 parts; methanol 1-3 parts; magnesium chloride 1-3 parts; yeast 0.5-1 part; alum 1-3 parts; activated carbon 3-5 parts; and water 50-60 parts.

[0008] Further, the present application also provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A preparation method of a tailing dewatering coagulant, the method comprising the following steps,

[0010] S1, preparing a corncob extract,

[0011] a, pretreating the corncob to obtain corncob powder by crushing;

[0012] b, soaking the corncob powder in 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 1h;

[0013] c, after soaking, adding water and sodium chloride and boiling for 20min, and then incubating at 80 degrees Celsius for 1h;

[0014] d, after incubation, cooling to room temperature, sieving the liquid cooled to room temperature with a 100μm sieve to remove large particle materials, and then filtering with a filter membrane;

[0015] e, adjusting the PH value of the filtered filtrate to 6-7 with acetic acid to obtain the corncob extract;

[0016] S2, taking half of the above weight fraction of the corncob extract, the above weight fraction of acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide and potassium hydroxide, and the above weight fraction of water, and placing them in a stirred tank, and stirring at -5 degrees Celsius for 50min;

[0017] S3, after stirring, heating to 150 degrees Celsius, adding the above weight fraction of methanol, magnesium chloride and the remaining half of the water, and stirring for 30min; cooling rapidly to 5-10 degrees Celsius, adding alum, and stirring for 30min;

[0018] S4, heating to 20-35 degrees Celsius, adding the remaining half of the corncob extract and the above weight fraction of polyacrylamide, and stirring under vacuum for 1h;

[0019] S5, then adding yeast for sealed fermentation for 10h, and after fermentation, adding activated carbon and stirring uniformly to obtain the tailing dewatering coagulant.

[0020] Further, the pretreatment process of the corncob is as follows: crushing the corncob into blocks, drying the blocky corncob at 100 degrees Celsius for 30min, and placing the dried blocky corncob in a vibrating device for vibration treatment for 10min, and removing light debris by winnowing; the powder particle size requirement of the corncob powder obtained by crushing is less than 80 mesh.

[0021] Further, in the preparation of the corncob extract, the weight ratio of corncob powder to sodium hydroxide solution is 2:1.2-1.6; the weight ratio of water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide solution containing corncob powder is 1:0.005:4; and the filter membrane is a 45 μm filter membrane.

[0022] Further, the vacuum condition is 0.08 MPa or below.

[0023] Further, before step 5, the PH value is adjusted to 6-7 by using acetic acid.

[0024] Further, the activated carbon is crushed and sieved, and the particle size is less than 200 mesh.

[0025] Further, the tailing dewatering coagulant further comprises 4.5-6 parts by weight of quicklime powder, the quicklime powder is added in the 8th-9th hour of fermentation, and stirring is performed for 30 minutes after addition.

[0026] Further, the present application further provides the following technical solutions.

[0027] The application of a tailing dewatering coagulant is used in the dewatering of coal mine tailings.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present application uses corncob of natural plant corn as the main raw material, and uses the coagulant with corncob extract as the main component, which can capture the suspended particles in the coal mine tailings slurry, has a high turbidity removal rate, forms a large volume of coagulation, and has rapid sedimentation and high coagulation efficiency; the unit coagulant demand usage amount increases limitedly, but the unit demand amount of inorganic and organic compounds and other repeated pollution components in the coagulant is greatly reduced, which is more environmentally friendly and safe.

[0030] The present application uses the corncob extract prepared from corncob powder to generate a cohesiveness factor after fermentation, which can gather and load activated carbon in the coal mine tailings slurry, co-absorb suspended particles, form a large area of tailings aggregation and rapidly settle, and make the tailings quickly clear, which is conducive to the dewatering of the tailings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0032] Figure 1 The turbidity removal rate of embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the turbidity removal rate in Example 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Example 1, Tailings Dewatering Coagulant Aid. In this example, the tailings dewatering coagulant aid includes the following components in the following weight ratios: 90 parts corn cob extract; 9 parts polyacrylamide; 3 parts acetaldehyde; 3 parts ethylene oxide; 3 parts potassium hydroxide; 3 parts methanol; 1 part magnesium chloride; 1 part yeast; 3 parts alum; 3 parts activated carbon; 60 parts water; and 6 parts quicklime powder.

[0037] A method for preparing a tailings dewatering coagulant aid, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1, Preparation of corn cob extract

[0039] a. Pre-treat the corn cobs by crushing them into blocks. The core of the corn cob is soft, while the outer surface is hard. The corn cob blocks formed by crushing the corn cobs from the outside have one side as the outer surface of the corn cob and the other side as the soft core. Then, dry the corn cob blocks at 100 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to remove moisture, extract the useful components, and facilitate subsequent pulverization. Place the dried corn cob blocks in a vibrating device and vibrate for 10 minutes. Use air separation to remove light debris. Drying and vibration effectively remove the useless outer skin of the corn cob blocks. Use an air separation fan to remove the removed outer skin. The resulting corn cob powder should have a particle size of less than 80 mesh.

[0040] b. Soak corn cob powder in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution at a weight ratio of 2:1.2 for 1 hour; the sugar in the corn cob powder reacts with the sodium hydroxide to form a sticky molecular source component.

[0041] c. After soaking, add water and sodium chloride and boil for 20 minutes, the weight ratio of water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide solution containing corncob powder is 1:0.005:4; then keep warm at 80 degrees Celsius for 1 hour; this process makes the crude fiber in the corncob powder precipitate;

[0042] d. After keeping warm, cool to room temperature, screen the cooled liquid with 100 μm screen gauze to remove large particle substances, then filter using 45 μm filter membrane; remove the useless impurity part, and use the sugar and crude fiber in the corncob powder;

[0043] e. Adjust the PH value of the filtered filtrate to 6 using acetic acid to obtain corncob extract;

[0044] S2. Take half of the above weight fraction of corncob extract, the above weight fraction of acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide and potassium hydroxide, and the above weight fraction of half of the water, and place them in a stirred tank, and stir at -5 degrees Celsius for 50 minutes; the acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide and potassium hydroxide make the viscous molecule source component and the crude fiber combine to form viscous molecules;

[0045] S3. After stirring, heat to 150 degrees Celsius, add the above weight fraction of methanol, magnesium chloride and the remaining half of the water and stir for 30 minutes; rapidly cool to 10 degrees Celsius, add alum, and stir for 30 minutes; to achieve the homogenization effect of the liquid.

[0046] S4. Heat to 20 degrees Celsius, add the remaining half of the corncob extract and the above weight fraction of polyacrylamide, and stir under 0.07 MPa vacuum conditions for 1 hour, then adjust the PH value to 6 using acetic acid to regenerate the viscous factor, and mix the polyacrylamide and the viscous factor thoroughly;

[0047] S5. Then add yeast and seal for fermentation for 10 hours, add lime powder at the 9th hour of fermentation, stir for 30 minutes after adding, the lime activates the polyacrylamide, making the polyacrylamide component form unstable connections with the viscous factor; after fermentation, add activated carbon and mix and stir evenly; the activated carbon is crushed and sieved, with a particle size of less than 200 mesh; obtain the tailings dewatering coagulant; the fermentation makes the surface of the obtained tailings dewatering coagulant reduce the viscosity, and the viscous factor leaks out to form adhesion, and better adhere to the activated carbon, which is conducive to the adsorption of suspended particles.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, 1.48 t / m3 of coal mine tailings slurry is selected; in figure A, different amounts of polyacrylamide are added in each liter (L) of tailings slurry, and the final turbidity removal rate is as shown in Figure 1 ; in figure B, different amounts of the coagulant in this embodiment are added, and the final turbidity removal rate is as shown in Figure 1The coagulant aid in the embodiment has less harmful ingredients than polyacrylamide of the same weight, and is more environmentally safe, although the coagulant aid in the embodiment has slightly less effect than polyacrylamide.

[0049] In the embodiment, the tailings dewatering coagulant aid includes the following components in the following proportions by weight: corn cob extract 103 parts; polyacrylamide 9 parts; acetaldehyde 3 parts; ethylene oxide 4 parts; potassium hydroxide 2.5 parts; methanol 2.3 parts; magnesium chloride 2 parts; yeast 0.89 parts; alum 1.7 parts; activated carbon 4 parts; water 53 parts; and quicklime powder 5.1 parts.

[0050] The method for preparing the tailings dewatering coagulant aid includes the following steps:

[0051] S1, preparing the corn cob extract,

[0052] a, pretreating the corn cob, crushing the corn cob into blocks, and then drying the blocky corn cob at 100 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes; placing the dried blocky corn cob in a vibrating device for vibration treatment for 10 minutes, and air separating the light debris; and crushing to obtain corn cob powder with a powder particle size of less than 80 mesh;

[0053] b, soaking the corn cob powder in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution, with a weight ratio of the corn cob powder to the sodium hydroxide solution being 2:1.35; and soaking for 1 hour;

[0054] c, after soaking, adding water and sodium chloride and boiling for 20 minutes, with a weight ratio of the water, the sodium chloride, and the sodium hydroxide solution containing the corn cob powder being 1:0.005:4; and then heat preserving at 80 degrees Celsius for 1 hour;

[0055] d, after heat preserving, cooling to room temperature, sieving the liquid cooled to room temperature with a 100 μm filter cloth to remove large particle substances, and then filtering with a 45 μm filter membrane;

[0056] e, adjusting the PH value of the filtrate after filtering to 6.3 with acetic acid to obtain the corn cob extract;

[0057] S2, taking half of the corn cob extract by weight, the acetaldehyde, the ethylene oxide, and the potassium hydroxide by weight, and half of the water by weight, and placing them in a stirring kettle for stirring for 50 minutes at -5 degrees Celsius;

[0058] S3, after stirring, heating to 150 degrees Celsius, adding the methanol, the magnesium chloride, and the remaining half of the water by weight, and stirring for 30 minutes; rapidly cooling to 7 degrees Celsius, adding the alum, and stirring for 30 minutes;

[0059] S4, temperature is raised to 30 degrees Celsius, the remaining half of the corn cob extract and the above weight fraction of polyacrylamide are added, and stirring is carried out under a vacuum of 0.07 MPa for 1 h, and then acetic acid is used to adjust the pH value to 6.3;

[0060] S5, then yeast is added and sealed for fermentation for 10 h, lime powder is added at the 8.5 h of fermentation, and stirring is carried out for 30 min after the addition; after the fermentation, activated carbon is added and stirred uniformly, the activated carbon is activated carbon that is crushed and sieved and has a particle size of less than 200 mesh; a tailing dewatering coagulant is prepared.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 2 In the embodiment, 1.48 t / m3 of coal mine tailing slurry is selected; in figure A, different amounts of polyacrylamide are added in each liter (L) of tailing slurry, and the final turbidity removal rate is as shown in Figure 2 In figure B, different amounts of the coagulant in the embodiment are added, and the final turbidity removal rate is as shown in Figure 2 The turbidity removal rate effect is almost the same when 40 mg of the coagulant and polyacrylamide in the embodiment are added in each liter of tailing slurry, the coagulant with corn cob extract as the main component in the embodiment can capture suspended particles in the coal mine tailing slurry, and the turbidity removal rate is higher; the unit demand of the amount of repeated pollution components such as inorganic substances and organic compounds in the coagulant is reduced. The turbidity removal rate of the present application can reach the market level, the coagulation efficiency is higher, corn cob is used as the main raw material, it is green and environmentally friendly, corn cob is reused, and the present application has great value and broad market prospects.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

[0063] In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without paying creative labor, or some technical features thereof can be replaced equivalently. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a tailings dewatering coagulant aid, characterized by, The tailings dewatering coagulant comprises the following components in the following proportions by weight: corn cob extract 90-110 parts; polyacrylamide 9-11 parts; acetaldehyde 3-5 parts; ethylene oxide 3-5 parts; potassium hydroxide 1-3 parts; methanol 1-3 parts; magnesium chloride 1-3 parts; yeast 0.5-1 part; alum 1-3 parts; activated carbon 3-5 parts; and water 50-60 parts. The preparation method comprises the following steps, S1, preparing corn cob extract, a. pretreating the corn cob and crushing the same to obtain corn cob powder; b. soaking the corn cob powder in 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 1 hour; c. after soaking, adding water and sodium chloride and boiling for 20 minutes, and then incubating at 80 degrees Celsius for 1 hour; d. after incubation, cooling to room temperature, sieving the cooled liquid with a 100 μm sieve to remove large particles, and then filtering with a filter membrane; e. adjusting the PH value of the filtered filtrate to 6-7 with acetic acid to obtain corn cob extract; S2, taking half of the above-mentioned corn cob extract, the above-mentioned acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide and potassium hydroxide, and half of the above-mentioned water, and placing them in a stirred tank, and stirring at -5 degrees Celsius for 50 minutes; S3, after stirring, heating to 150 degrees Celsius, adding the above-mentioned methanol, magnesium chloride and the remaining half of the water, and stirring for 30 minutes; rapidly cooling to 5-10 degrees Celsius, adding alum, and stirring for 30 minutes; S4, heating to 20-35 degrees Celsius, adding the remaining half of the corn cob extract and the above-mentioned polyacrylamide, and stirring under vacuum for 1 hour; S5, then adding yeast and sealing for fermentation for 10 hours, and after fermentation, adding activated carbon and stirring uniformly to obtain the tailings dewatering coagulant.

2. The method of preparing a tailings dewatering coagulant aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of pretreating the corn cob is as follows: crushing the corn cob into blocks, drying the blocky corn cob at 100 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, placing the dried blocky corn cob in a vibrating device for vibration treatment for 10 minutes, and air selecting to remove light debris; the powder particle size obtained by crushing is required to be less than 80 mesh.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tailings dewatering coagulant aid is prepared by, In the preparation of the corn cob extract, the weight ratio of the corn cob powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 2:1.2-1.6; the weight ratio of water, sodium chloride and the sodium hydroxide solution containing the corn cob powder is 1:0.005:4; and the filter membrane is a 45 μm filter membrane.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the tailings dewatering coagulant aid is prepared by, The vacuum condition is 0.08 MPa or less.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the tailings dewatering coagulant aid is prepared by the steps of: Before step 5, the PH value is adjusted to 6-7 with acetic acid.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the tailings dewatering coagulant aid is prepared by the steps of: The activated carbon is crushed and sieved, and the particle size is less than 200 mesh.

7. The method for preparing the tailings dewatering coagulant aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tailings dewatering coagulant further comprises 4.5-6 parts by weight of quicklime powder, which is added in the 8th-9th hour of fermentation, and stirred for 30 minutes after addition.

8. Use of the method for the preparation of a tailings dewatering coagulant aid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The tailings dewatering coagulant is used in coal mine tailings dewatering.

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