An extrusion rolling forming apparatus and method for thin-walled deep-hole parts.

Abstract

This invention discloses an extrusion rolling forming apparatus and method for thin-walled deep-hole parts, relating to the field of thin-walled deep-hole part processing technology. The apparatus includes: a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel, a mandrel, and a pusher plate. Both the first and second rotating wheels are inclined and freely rotatable, mounted on the outer periphery of the mandrel. A first semi-annular processing area is formed between the first rotating wheel and the mandrel, and a second semi-annular processing area is formed between the second rotating wheel and the mandrel. The first and second semi-annular processing areas are combined to form a complete annular processing area. The pusher plate is slidably mounted on the mandrel, with one end of the pusher plate away from the first rotating wheel connected to a pushing device. The mandrel is mounted on a feeding device with the pushing direction being the mandrel's axial direction, and is connected to a driving device. This invention uses an inclined rotating wheel in conjunction with a pusher plate to achieve axial workpiece forming, is suitable for hot rolling, has a wide range of applications, can improve workpiece quality, and simultaneously reduce overall costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thin-walled deep-hole parts processing technology, and in particular to a thin-walled deep-hole parts extrusion rolling forming apparatus and extrusion rolling forming method. Background Technology

[0002] Thin-walled deep-hole parts are widely used in industries such as engineering machinery and military. These types of parts usually have a large height-to-diameter ratio and a large amount of deformation during the forming process, so they are prone to defects such as tearing and perforation, making them difficult to form.

[0003] Currently, the main forming methods for thin-walled deep-hole parts are cold extrusion followed by single-pass or multi-pass deep drawing, or direct cold extrusion forming. Each size of deep-hole part requires corresponding mold and process design, resulting in high production costs.

[0004] Moreover, when cold extruding thin-walled deep-hole parts, the billet has high flow resistance and low strain value, resulting in uneven microstructure and properties after forming. Furthermore, the extruded parts and mandrels often "lock up," making demolding difficult. During the forming process, due to the large height-to-diameter ratio of the deep-hole parts, a mandrel with a large axial dimension (length) is often required. At the same time, extrusion forming requires high concentricity of the punch and die to ensure forming accuracy, placing high demands on process design and equipment power.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for extruding and rolling thin-walled deep-hole parts that can improve workpiece quality, reduce costs, and facilitate demolding. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming device and its extrusion rolling forming method, which uses an inclined rotary wheel in conjunction with a pusher plate to achieve axial workpiece forming. It is suitable for hot rolling, has a wide range of applications, can improve workpiece quality, and reduce overall cost.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming device, including a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel, a mandrel, and a pusher plate. The first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel are both inclined and freely rotatable on the outer periphery of the mandrel. The inner edge corners of the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel are processing ends. A first semi-annular processing area is formed between the first rotating wheel and the mandrel, and a second semi-annular processing area is formed between the second rotating wheel and the mandrel. The first semi-annular processing area and the second semi-annular processing area are combined to form a complete annular processing area. The pusher plate is slidably disposed on the mandrel. The end of the pusher plate away from the first rotating wheel is connected to a pushing device. The mandrel is disposed on a feeding device with the pushing direction being the axial direction of the mandrel. The mandrel is drively connected to a driving device.

[0008] Preferably, the mandrel has an axially oriented keyway, and the pusher plate has a transmission key that matches the keyway, the transmission key being slidably disposed in the keyway.

[0009] Preferably, the thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming apparatus further includes at least one support roller, which is located on the side of the first and second rotating wheels away from the mandrel, and the top end of the support roller is flush with the bottom end of the formed workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, the inner edges of the first and second rotating wheels are annular planar structures.

[0011] The present invention also provides an extrusion rolling forming method for the above-mentioned thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: Positioning, adding blank to the mandrel, adjusting the tilt and position of the first and second rotating wheels;

[0013] S2: Start-up, the mandrel begins to rotate, the mandrel is fed until the blank contacts the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel begins to rotate due to friction;

[0014] S3: Inclined extrusion rolling, the pusher plate pushes the billet along the mandrel axis toward the rotary wheel;

[0015] S4: Single pass machining is completed, the rotary wheel moves radially, and the rotary wheel separates from the blank;

[0016] S5: Remove the formed workpiece.

[0017] Preferably, the mandrel, billet, first roller and second roller are preheated before the oblique extrusion rolling begins.

[0018] Preferably, in the case of multi-pass rolling, after step S4 is completed, the entire billet and the pusher plate are returned to the initial position, and step S3 is repeated until the workpiece is formed.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the rotational speeds of the first and second rotating wheels are gradually increased, and after the rotational speeds of the first and second rotating wheels stabilize, step S3 begins.

[0020] Preferably, before the oblique extrusion rolling begins, lubricant is applied to the drive device of the mandrel and to the rotation support device of the first and second rollers.

[0021] The present invention achieves the following main technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0022] By utilizing the corners of the inclined first and second rotating wheels as processing ends, and coordinating with the axial movement of the mandrel and the feed of the pusher plate, the billet can be extruded and formed. The contact area between the billet and the rotating wheels is small, resulting in less restriction on metal flow on the outer surface of the billet, thus reducing equipment power requirements and costs. Due to the small contact area, the instantaneous deformation of the billet is small, and the rotating wheel trajectory covers the outer surface of the billet, achieving point-by-point deformation while improving forming efficiency to some extent. Therefore, the formed workpiece has uniform properties, high quality, and is less prone to cracking. Furthermore, the small contact area between the rotating wheels and the billet... With its small size and high unit pressure, it is suitable for processing high-strength, difficult-to-deform metals. At the same time, the total deformation force required is relatively small, which reduces power consumption. When processing workpieces of the same size, the tonnage of the equipment is much smaller than that of the press. The thinning amount is controlled by the relative position of the spinning wheel and the blank. Therefore, by adjusting the relative position of the spinning wheel and the blank, workpieces with different radial dimensions within a certain range can be formed, avoiding the use of unnecessary molds, greatly reducing costs, and increasing the applicability of the device. It is suitable for hot rolling forming, utilizing the thermal ductility of metals. Compared with cold extrusion forming, it can improve the quality of workpieces and is easier to demold.

[0023] Other solutions of the present invention achieve the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0024] The length of the mandrel is less restricted by the axial dimension requirements of the workpiece. During the forming process, the formed part of the workpiece is separated from the mandrel by the pusher plate. After leaving the spinning wheel, it is supported by the support roller, which realizes the demolding of the workpiece and reduces the requirements for the size and performance of the mandrel, thus reducing the overall cost. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first rotating wheel of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the second rotating wheel of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming device of the present invention before skew rolling thinning;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming device of the present invention after skew rolling thinning;

[0030] Among them, 1. First rotating wheel; 2. Second rotating wheel; 3. Mandrel; 4. Push plate; 5. Blank; 6. Formed workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming device and its extrusion rolling forming method, which uses an inclined rotary wheel in conjunction with a pusher plate to achieve axial workpiece forming. It is suitable for hot rolling, has a wide range of applications, can improve workpiece quality, and reduce overall cost.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-4 As shown, a thin-walled deep-hole extrusion rolling forming device is provided, including a first rotating wheel 1, a second rotating wheel 2, a mandrel 3, and a pusher plate 4. The first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 are both inclinedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the mandrel 3, and both are freely rotatable via bearings. The first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 have annular structures. The main geometric parameters of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 are the rolling angle near the billet 5, the exit angle away from the billet 5, and the inner diameter of the rotating wheel. The inner edges of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 are the processing ends. A first semi-annular processing area is formed between the first rotating wheel 1 and the mandrel 3, and a second semi-annular processing area is formed between the second rotating wheel 2 and the mandrel 3. The annular processing area and the second semi-annular processing area are combined to form a complete annular processing area. Preferably, the inner diameters of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 are relatively large, so that when they are fitted onto the mandrel 3, they have a margin for radial movement to adjust the distance between the processing end and the mandrel 3. The pusher plate 4 is slidably disposed on the mandrel 3, and the inner diameter of the pusher plate 4 matches the outer diameter of the mandrel 3. The end of the pusher plate 4 away from the first rotating wheel 1 is connected to the pushing device, which is used to push the blank 5 toward the rotating wheel during processing. The mandrel 3 is disposed on the feeding device with the pushing direction being the axial direction of the mandrel 3. The feeding device and the pushing device can be electric / pneumatic / hydraulic telescopic rods. The mandrel 3 is connected to the driving device through a transmission, which can be a gear meshing transmission or a belt transmission.

[0035] Using the corners of the inclined first rotating wheel 1 and second rotating wheel 2 as processing ends, the extrusion forming of the billet 5 can be completed by coordinating the axial movement of the mandrel 3 with the feed of the pusher plate 4. In reality, the contact area between the billet 5 and the rotating wheels is small, consisting of the hypotenuse and corners where the rolling angle is located, resulting in a gradually decreasing shape. This minimizes metal flow restriction on the outer surface of the billet 5, reducing equipment power requirements and costs. Due to the small contact area between the rotating wheels and the billet 5, the instantaneous deformation of the billet 5 is small, and the rotating wheel's trajectory covers the outer surface of the billet 5, achieving point-by-point deformation while improving forming efficiency to some extent. Therefore, the formed workpiece has uniform properties, high quality, and is less prone to cracking. Furthermore, the small contact area between the rotating wheels and the billet 5 results in high unit pressure, making it suitable for processing high-strength, difficult-to-deform metals. Simultaneously, the required total deformation force is small, reducing power consumption. When processing workpieces of the same size... The equipment's tonnage is much smaller than that of a press, the overall process and equipment are simple, and the price is about 40% cheaper than a stamping machine with the same capacity. The thinning amount is controlled by the relative position of the spinning wheel and the blank 5. Therefore, by setting a spinning wheel with a larger inner diameter and adjusting the relative position of the spinning wheel and the blank 5, workpieces with different radial dimensions within a certain range can be formed, avoiding the use of unnecessary molds, greatly reducing costs and increasing the applicability of the device. It is suitable for hot rolling forming, utilizing the thermal ductility of metals. Compared with cold extrusion forming, it can improve the quality of workpieces. At the same time, during the skew rolling process, the pusher plate 4 pushes the blank 5 to move in real time to extrude the formed part, making demolding convenient. In addition, the overall equipment realizes the efficient utilization of the blank 5, with no waste generated, high material utilization rate, and low production cost. Compared with machining, it can save 20% to 50% of materials, up to 80%, which greatly reduces costs.

[0036] The first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 together exist as a rotating wheel group, and there is at least one rotating wheel group in a single device.

[0037] The rolling angle is generally selected based on the material strength and the thickness of the preform (the wall thickness of the annular blank 5 preformed on the mandrel 3). Please refer to the table below for details:

[0038] Relationship between rolling angle, material strength and preform thickness

[0039]

[0040] In this embodiment, the pusher plate 4 and the mandrel 3 are set to rotate synchronously, so as to give the blank 5 a certain rotational force from the axial side of the blank 5, thereby improving its processing effect. Specifically, the mandrel 3 is provided with an axially oriented strip keyway, and the pusher plate 4 is provided with a transmission key that matches the strip keyway. The transmission key is slidably arranged in the strip keyway.

[0041] The thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming device also includes at least one support roller. The support roller is located on the side of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 away from the mandrel 3. The top end of the support roller is flush with the bottom end of the formed workpiece 6. The support roller can support the formed part of the workpiece after it leaves the rotating wheel, thereby realizing the demolding of the workpiece and reducing the requirements for the size and performance of the mandrel 3, thus reducing the overall cost. In addition, the support roller can prevent the formed part from deforming due to gravity by supporting it.

[0042] To avoid damage to the inner edges and corners of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 during processing, the structural strength at that location can be improved by grinding the edges and corners into a ring-shaped planar structure.

[0043] The present invention also provides an extrusion rolling forming method for the above-mentioned thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming apparatus, specifically including the following steps:

[0044] S1: Positioning, the mandrel 3 is fitted with the blank 5, and the tilt and position of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 are adjusted according to the required workpiece size, material strength and preform thickness.

[0045] S2: Start-up. The mandrel 3 starts to rotate by starting the drive device. The rotation speed of the mandrel 3 can be set for different materials, generally 80-120 r / min. The mandrel 3 is fed 1-2 mm by the feed device until the blank 5 contacts the rotating wheel. Under the influence of friction, the rotating wheel starts to rotate passively. At this time, it is ready to start processing. In this step, the rotation speed of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2 is gradually increased until it stabilizes at the set speed to reduce energy consumption. The rotation speed of the mandrel 3 is also gradually increased.

[0046] S3: Inclined extrusion rolling, the pusher plate 4 pushes the billet 5 to move axially toward the spindle along the mandrel 3 at a speed of 0.5 to 1.5 mm / rpm, and gradually forms the billet by using the inclined rolling of the first spindle 1 and the second spindle 2;

[0047] S4: Single pass machining is completed, the rotary wheel moves radially, and the rotary wheel separates from the blank 5;

[0048] S5: The formed workpiece 6 can be removed by means of a robotic arm or manual clamping.

[0049] To improve processing efficiency, the mandrel 3, billet 5, first roller 1 and second roller 2 are preheated before the oblique extrusion rolling begins.

[0050] When multiple processing passes are required to improve the final forming effect, after step S4 is completed, the entire blank 5 and the pusher plate 4 return to the initial position, and step S3 is repeated. This cycle of processing continues until the workpiece is formed.

[0051] To further improve the processing effect, before the oblique extrusion rolling begins, lubricant is applied to the transmission device of the mandrel 3 and to the rotating support device (i.e., bearing) of the first rotating wheel 1 and the second rotating wheel 2.

[0052] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0053] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0054] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion rolling forming apparatus for thin-walled deep-hole parts, characterized in that, The device includes a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel, a mandrel, and a pusher plate. The first and second rotating wheels are inclined and freely rotatable, and are sleeved on the outer periphery of the mandrel. The inner edges of the first and second rotating wheels are the processing ends. A first semi-annular processing area is formed between the first rotating wheel and the mandrel, and a second semi-annular processing area is formed between the second rotating wheel and the mandrel. The first and second semi-annular processing areas are combined to form a complete annular processing area. The pusher plate is slidably disposed on the mandrel. The end of the pusher plate away from the first rotating wheel is connected to a pushing device. The mandrel is disposed on a feeding device with the pushing direction being the axial direction of the mandrel. The mandrel is connected to a driving device for transmission.

2. The extrusion rolling forming apparatus for thin-walled deep-hole parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mandrel has an axially oriented keyway, and the pusher plate has a transmission key that matches the keyway. The transmission key is slidably disposed in the keyway.

3. The extrusion rolling forming apparatus for thin-walled deep-hole parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming apparatus further includes at least one support roller, which is located on the side of the first and second rotating wheels away from the mandrel, and the top end of the support roller is flush with the bottom end of the formed workpiece.

4. The extrusion rolling forming apparatus for thin-walled deep-hole parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner edges of the first and second rotating wheels are annular planar structures.

5. An extrusion rolling forming method for a thin-walled deep-hole part extrusion rolling forming apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Positioning, adding blank to the mandrel, adjusting the tilt and position of the first and second rotating wheels; S2: Start-up, the mandrel begins to rotate, the mandrel is fed until the blank contacts the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel begins to rotate due to friction; S3: Inclined extrusion rolling, the pusher plate pushes the billet along the mandrel axis toward the rotary wheel; S4: Single pass machining is completed, the rotary wheel moves radially, and the rotary wheel separates from the blank; S5: Remove the formed workpiece.

6. The extrusion rolling forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before the oblique extrusion rolling begins, the mandrel, billet, first roller, and second roller are preheated.

7. The extrusion rolling forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In multi-pass rolling, after step S4 is completed, the entire billet and the pusher plate return to the initial position, and step S3 is repeated until the workpiece is formed.

8. The extrusion rolling forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, the rotational speeds of the first and second rotating wheels are gradually increased. After the rotational speeds of the first and second rotating wheels stabilize, step S3 begins.

9. The extrusion rolling forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before the oblique extrusion rolling begins, lubricant is applied to the drive device of the mandrel and to the rotating support device of the first and second rollers.

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