Artificial marble using gold tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an artificial marble using gold tailings as raw materials and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource treatment, and solves at least one of the problems in the prior art, such as insufficient recycling of gold tailings and direct discarding causing waste of resources and environmental pollution. The present invention provides an artificial marble, which contains gold tailings treated material, cement, colorant, reinforcing agent, organic adhesive, additives and water. The above-mentioned artificial marble realizes the efficient recycling of gold tailings, avoids waste of resources and environmental pollution, and the prepared artificial marble has excellent performance. The product performance meets the standard of GB / T 41919-2022 artificial stone building board, with a glossiness of 60 to 95 and compressive strength (N / cm 2 )>2744; flexural strength (N / cm 2 )>490; Strength (Mpa / m 2 )75-100; good wear resistance and low dust generation. It can be widely used in interior decoration, exterior wall decoration and other scenes; the production process is simple and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource treatment, and in particular to artificial marble using gold tailings as raw materials and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Gold tailings are waste or garbage produced after gold ore is flotated. They are a type of solid waste that contains heavy metals and toxic and harmful pollutants. They will flow downstream with water or seep into the ground, polluting rivers and groundwater sources, thereby causing harm to the environment.

[0003] The main known methods for gold tailings resource utilization are as follows: (1) Tailings reselection: Research on the reselection properties of many mineral components that can be used in tailings. However, this method is not only technically mature, but also has complex process operations and serious environmental pollution. (2) Tailings as soil conditioners: Tailings often contain trace elements such as Zn, Cu, Mo, V, B, Fe, and P, which are essential elements for plant growth and development. However, how to remove harmful heavy metals such as lead, chromium, and mercury from tailings and waste residues has become a major problem. Even if they can be removed, the processing cost will increase significantly.

[0004] In summary, in order to realize the resource utilization of gold tailings and thus avoid resource waste and environmental pollution, it is very necessary to develop an economically feasible method and approach for the recycling of gold tailings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide an artificial marble using gold tailings as raw materials and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art, such as insufficient recycling of gold tailings and direct disposal resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution.

[0006] The invention discloses artificial marble, which contains processed gold tailings, cement, toner, reinforcing agent, organic adhesive, additives and water.

[0007] Specifically, the specific components of the artificial marble are, by mass percentage, 65% to 70% of gold tailings treatment material, 12% to 15% of cement, 3% to 5% of colorant, 1.2% to 1.5% of reinforcing agent, 1.0% to 1.5% of organic adhesive, 2% to 3% of additives and 10% to 15% of water.

[0008] Specifically, the gold tailings processed material is 20-300 mesh gold tailings solid particles; the solid particles need to be washed and impurity-removed before use.

[0009] Specifically, the organic adhesive is one of acrylic emulsion and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol).

[0010] Specifically, the additive is a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. In actual implementation, industrial-grade carboxymethyl cellulose containing a small amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is used.

[0011] Specifically, the artificial marble complies with the standard GB / T 41919-2022 for artificial stone building panels, with a glossiness of 60 to 95 and a compressive strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 2744; flexural strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 490; strength (Mpa / m 2 )75~100; wear resistance is greater than 8000 revolutions at 500g without obvious wear; dust generation is less than 1mg / cm 2 .

[0012] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the artificial marble, comprising the following specific steps:

[0013] S1: The gold tailings are mixed into a slurry and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20 to 300;

[0014] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material;

[0015] S3: preparing an artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtaining an artificial marble finished product through the steps of mixing, pressing, molding, polishing, and curing.

[0016] Specifically, the mass concentration of gold tailings in the slurry in step S1 is 30% to 60%; and the water content of the solid wet material is 30% to 60%.

[0017] Specifically, the moisture content of the gold tailings treated material in step S2 is 20% to 40%.

[0018] Specifically, the pressing pressure in step S3 is ≥800 MPa.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention achieves the recycling and utilization of gold tailings resources, avoiding resource waste and environmental pollution. The present invention screens gold tailings to obtain solid particles / powders with three particle sizes: 0-20 mesh, 20-300 mesh, and 300 mesh and above. The 20-300 mesh solid particles / powder, which account for approximately 55-60% (by mass) of the total gold tailings, can be used to prepare the artificial marble of the present invention. In practical implementation, the 0-20 mesh solid particles can be used as coarse sand for construction, and the 300 mesh gold tailings undersize solid particles can be used to prepare other building materials.

[0021] This invention addresses the performance requirements of artificial marble (national standards) and incorporates the inherent characteristics of gold tailings. Taking advantage of the structural characteristics of gold tailings, which contain over 38% SiO₂ and over 40% Al₂O₃ and CaCO₃, 20-300 mesh gold tailings solid particles / powder are selected as the primary material for artificial marble. The heavy metal content of these solid particles is lower than the relevant national standards for building materials, making them suitable for interior decoration, exterior wall finishing, and other applications. Using gold tailings as a raw material for artificial marble is feasible from a compositional and structural perspective. The challenge lies in leveraging the structural characteristics of granite, corundum, marble, and feldspar, which is the unique feature of this invention. For example, inorganic adhesives (cement) and organic adhesives are used to tightly bind the SiO₂, Al₂O₃, CaCO₃, feldspar, and other metal oxides in the gold tailings; a reinforcing agent is used to prevent cracking and fracturing after drying. The aforementioned formulation design and overall optimization are key innovations of this invention.

[0022] The artificial marble described above offers excellent performance at a low price. The artificial marble described in this invention combines the advantages of both resin-based (organic adhesive) and cement-based (inorganic adhesive) materials, offering the high strength, hardness, and wear resistance of resin-based artificial marble with the low cost, convenient material retrieval, and low price of cement-based artificial marble. The overall effect is excellent, with a smooth, durable, easy-to-maintain, and highly reliable product.

[0023] The present invention realizes the resource utilization of gold tailings. If combined with other technologies to further recycle and reuse solid powders of different particle sizes, nearly 100% of the gold tailings can be recycled and reused, greatly reducing resource waste and avoiding environmental pollution.

[0024] 2. The artificial marble preparation method provided by the present invention has readily available raw materials, simple steps, mild process conditions, low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production and wide promotion; the product quality is stable and has huge market potential.

[0025] Among them, the pressing pressure is an important invention point of the present invention. Since the composition of gold tailings is more complex than the coarse sand and fine sand used in ordinary construction and the morphology of the solid particles is uneven, it is more difficult to shape and not easy to meet the relevant national standards.

[0026] According to extensive research and experiments conducted in the early stages of this invention, it was found that the existing artificial marble formulas and technologies are not suitable for the production of artificial marble from gold tailings. The main difficulties encountered by this invention and their solutions are as follows:

[0027] (1) The gold tailings have a complex composition, uneven structure and morphology. Whether resin-based organic adhesives or inorganic adhesives such as cement are used, they cannot form a solid whole with other components.

[0028] (2) In the early testing phase of the present invention, an attempt was made to use a combination of organic adhesives and inorganic adhesives such as cement, and the subsequent molding process used the artificial marble preparation process in the prior art, but it was still difficult to make the final product meet the national standards;

[0029] (3) After a large number of experiments, the present invention has made a significant breakthrough in the inherent understanding of the selection range of pressing pressure in the existing artificial marble technology; in the existing technology, the pressing pressure of artificial marble is generally 20 to 40 MPa, and even for special artificial stones, the pressing pressure will not exceed 300 MPa, otherwise it will cause cracking and damage to the artificial stone.

[0030] On the basis of formula modulation (see beneficial effect 1), the present invention controls the pressing pressure to ≥800 MPa and utilizes external high-pressure compression to make the molecules of SiO2, Al2O3, CaCO3, sodium-potassium feldspar and other metal oxides more tightly combined without leaving gaps, thereby making the artificial marble meet relevant national standards and no cracking or breakage defects are found after testing.

[0031] It is worth emphasizing that the present invention uses gold tailings in the national industrial solid waste catalog as raw materials to prepare artificial marble. It is extremely difficult to surpass similar products prepared with high-quality materials in terms of relevant performance, and it is unnecessary from the scientific and economic point of view.

[0032] Therefore, through appropriate formula design and optimization, combined with reasonable process parameters, the inherent defects of gold tailings as solid hazardous waste are overcome, so that the product meets relevant national standards. Turning gold tailings into treasure is the most critical technical breakthrough and technical effect of the present invention.

[0033] 3. The artificial marble provided by the present invention has significant economic benefits and effectively promotes local economic development under the premise of realizing the resource utilization of tailings.

[0034] In the present invention, the experimental / operation data of processing 10 tons per hour is taken as an example:

[0035] A 1.2KW motor is used to transport the gold tailings from the tailings pond to the guide device using a thick slurry pump. The power consumption per hour is 1.2 degrees. The power of the vibrating probability screen motor is 1.5KW, and the power consumption per hour is 1.5 degrees.

[0036] The sedimentation rate of the material above the 20-mesh sieve is very fast, making solid-liquid separation easy, and no filter is required. In addition, the amount of solid particles above the 20-mesh sieve is too small (less than half a ton), so the wet material can be dried without consuming electricity. The sedimentation rate of the material above the 300-mesh sieve is slower, so this experiment uses suction filtration with a motor power of 0.2KW. The filter cake is washed with tap water to remove impurities, and the wet material can be used directly. The material below the 300-mesh sieve is filtered by pressure filtration to remove most of the water. The motor power is 3.5KW, and the filter cake is dried and dehydrated in a drum dryer.

[0037] Raw material pretreatment, or converting gold tailings into raw materials for construction sand, artificial stone, and foam concrete grouting, consumes approximately 150 kWh / ton of energy. Simply put, the entire pretreatment process, from removing gold tailings from the tailings pond to converting them into raw materials for construction sand, artificial stone, and foam concrete grouting, consumes 150 kWh / ton of energy, and the cost of pretreatment is roughly between 130 and 160 yuan / ton.

[0038] The market price of artificial marble varies, ranging from 1,200 yuan / cubic meter to 4,000 yuan / cubic meter. Even if it is sold at the lowest market price, it is equivalent to increasing the value of gold tailings to 600 yuan / ton, and the economic benefits are very significant.

[0039] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned through practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like parts throughout the drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 The process flow chart for preparing artificial marble;

[0042] Figure 2 These are actual photos of the artificial marbles of Examples 1 to 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0044] The gold tailings raw materials were analyzed using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). The analysis data are shown in Table 1 below.

[0045] Table 1 Gold tailings EDX analysis results (%)

[0046]

[0047] Analysis of the metal content of gold tailings indicates that the combined content of SiO₂, Al₂O₃, CaCO₃, and sodium-potassium feldspar exceeds 96%, while toxic heavy metals such as Cd, Hg, and Pb are virtually undetectable. Scientifically speaking, the structural composition of gold tailings is composed of SiO₂ (from granite), Al₂O₃ (from corundum), CaCO₃ (from marble), and sodium-potassium feldspar, a material used in ceramic production. Using gold tailings as a raw material for artificial marble is feasible from a compositional and structural perspective. The challenge lies in leveraging the structural characteristics of granite, corundum, marble, and sodium-potassium feldspar, which is the unique feature of this invention. For example, inorganic and organic adhesives are used to tightly link SiO2, Al2O3, CaCO3, sodium potassium feldspar and other metal oxides together; reinforcing agents are used to avoid cracks and breaks after drying; and external high-pressure compression is used to make the molecules of SiO2, Al2O3, CaCO3, sodium potassium feldspar and other metal oxides more tightly bonded without leaving any gaps; the above-mentioned formula design and optimization, as well as the optimization of related process parameters, are all key innovations of the present invention.

[0048] The invention discloses artificial marble, which contains processed gold tailings, cement, toner, reinforcing agent, organic adhesive, additives and water.

[0049] Specifically, the specific components of the artificial marble are, by mass percentage, 65% to 70% of gold tailings treatment material, 12% to 15% of cement, 3% to 5% of colorant, 1.2% to 1.5% of reinforcing agent, 1.0% to 1.5% of organic adhesive, 2% to 3% of additives and 10% to 15% of water.

[0050] Cement, an inorganic adhesive, complements organic adhesives, combining the heat resistance, water resistance, durability, and low cost of inorganic adhesives with the strong bonding, strength, and toughness of organic adhesives. A key feature of this invention is its high utilization rate of gold tailings, exceeding 65% by weight. This lays a solid foundation for the future resource utilization of large quantities of solid waste. The following is a supplementary description of the various raw materials required for this invention.

[0051] Processed gold tailings are the primary raw material for artificial marble production. Based on our experimental data and scientific analysis, we use gold tailings with a particle size of 20-300 mesh as raw material and use high-pressure presses to form the products. Practice has proven that products made with gold tailings in a particle size distribution of 20-300 mesh have the best stability and strength. Excessive large or fine particles will result in uneven product density or the creation of numerous voids. Of course, considering industrial costs and the optimal utilization of bulk solid waste, the higher the amount of gold tailings, the better. However, if the addition of gold tailings exceeds 70%, product performance will be significantly reduced, failing to meet national product standards.

[0052] Cement (inorganic adhesive): Ordinary Portland cement is used. From the experimental data, the effect of cement with the grade of 62.5# is better than that of cement with the grade of 52.5#, which is better than that of cement with the grade of 42.5#. The effect of cement with the grade of 32.5# is the worst. However, considering the comprehensive factors of industrial cost and cost performance, the present invention uses cement with the grade of 42.5. Cement acts as an adhesive in artificial marble, which can better bond the various components into a whole. After the cement hardens, it can effectively improve the hardness, wear resistance and stability of the artificial marble. However, the amount of cement added should not be too much, so as to avoid cracks in the artificial marble. Experimental verification shows that when the cement addition amount is 12% to 15%, the performance of the artificial marble is more balanced.

[0053] Colorant: The main function of colorant is to change the appearance of artificial marble. Artificial marble with different textures and colors can be obtained according to actual needs. The amount of colorant added should not be too much, so as not to affect the performance indicators of artificial marble. Experimental verification shows that when the amount of colorant added is 3% to 5%, the appearance color is uniform and bright, and the performance indicators of artificial marble can reach the preset standards.

[0054] Reinforcement: The reinforcing agent in this invention primarily consists of hair-like fibers, which can be glass or plastic. Common reinforcing fibers available in the art can be used, and there are no specific requirements for parameters such as mixing ratio and diameter. The reinforcing agent utilizes the long-range interaction and disordered nature of the fibers to bind the different materials together, strengthening the tensile strength, reducing cracking during drying, and increasing the toughness and plasticity of the artificial marble. However, excessive amounts of reinforcing agent can lead to poor product uniformity. Experimental results have shown that when the reinforcing agent is added at a level of 1.2% to 1.5%, the artificial marble exhibits more balanced properties.

[0055] Organic adhesive: This is either an acrylic emulsion or PVA (polyvinyl alcohol). The organic adhesive's function is to better bond the components together. Compared to pure cement, adding an appropriate amount of organic adhesive can help improve the wear resistance, plasticity, and toughness of artificial marble. Experimental verification shows that when the organic adhesive is added at a level of 1.0% to 1.5%, the artificial marble exhibits more balanced properties.

[0056] Additive: This additive is a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. In practice, industrial-grade carboxymethyl cellulose is used, containing a small amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. This additive increases the viscosity of the system, maintaining a uniform, stable suspension or emulsion. It also accelerates cement hydration and improves the early strength of the artificial stone. When the additive is added at a level of 2.0% to 3.0%, the artificial marble achieves optimal properties.

[0057] Water: Water is the solvent or carrier of the mixture, which makes the mixture have appropriate viscosity and fluidity, and the components can be evenly dispersed and contacted. Experimental verification shows that when the amount of water added is 10% to 15%, the viscosity and fluidity of the mixture are more appropriate.

[0058] Synergistic Effect: The formulation ratios used in this invention are the result of rigorous theoretical analysis, design, and numerous experimental validation optimizations. Because there is little (if any) existing technology for recycling gold tailings as marble-based building materials, the component combinations and content selections in this invention involve extensive pioneering research. Our experimental data analysis shows that using less gold tailings increases costs; using less cement and organic adhesives results in poor product performance; using less reinforcing agents results in lower strength and increased cracking; and using less additives results in longer setting times and poorer forming.

[0059] Specifically, the gold tailings processed material is 20-300 mesh gold tailings solid particles; the solid particles need to be washed and impurity-removed before use.

[0060] Specifically, the organic adhesive is one of acrylic emulsion and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol).

[0061] Specifically, the additive is a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0062] Specifically, the artificial marble complies with the standard GB / T 41919-2022 for artificial stone building panels, with a glossiness of 60 to 95 and a compressive strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 2744; flexural strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 490; strength (MPa / m 2)75~100; wear resistance is greater than 8000 revolutions at 500g without obvious wear; dust generation is less than 1mg / cm 2 .

[0063] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the artificial marble, comprising the following specific steps:

[0064] S1: The gold tailings are mixed into a slurry and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20 to 300;

[0065] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material;

[0066] S3: preparing an artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtaining an artificial marble finished product through the steps of mixing, pressing, molding, polishing, and curing.

[0067] Specifically, the mass concentration of the slurry in step S1 is 30-60%, such as 30%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, and 60%. For example, in actual implementation, the tailings in the gold tailings pond can be pumped into slurry and transported to the production plant.

[0068] Specifically, the screening step in step S1 uses a screen or a vibrating probability screen to perform screening and separation.

[0069] Specifically, the 20-300 mesh gold tailings solid particles in step S1 account for about 55-60% of the mass of the gold tailings.

[0070] Specifically, the water content of the solid wet material in step S1 is 30% to 60%.

[0071] Specifically, in step S2, the solid wet material obtained by wet screening in step S1 needs to be washed, impurity-removed and filtered, and the obtained filter cake can directly enter the next process; the filtered water can be concentrated in the sedimentation tank for complexation treatment to remove precipitation and then recycled.

[0072] Specifically, the moisture content of the gold tailings treated material in step S2 is 20% to 40%. A moisture content that is too high or too low is not conducive to the subsequent preparation of artificial marble. A moisture content that is too low may result in an uneven mixture and poor fluidity; a moisture content that is too high may make the artificial marble difficult to shape, cause water seepage on the surface, or cause the curing time to be too long.

[0073] Specifically, the pressing pressure in step S3 is ≥800 MPa to ensure that the molecules of SiO2, Al2O3, CaCO3, sodium potassium feldspar and other metal oxides are more tightly combined without leaving gaps by using external high-pressure compression.

[0074] After analysis and testing, it was found that there are no radioactive elements in the gold tailings, and the total content of toxic elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium does not exceed 0.01%. It can be used as a building material. The flotation agents No. 2 oil, yellow medicine, and black medicine added to the tailings for flotation are easily soluble in water. This process only uses pure water as the medium without adding any other chemical agents. The liquid water is recycled after complexation treatment. The entire process has no carbon consumption and no discharge of three wastes. Combined with other recycling and utilization processes, it can achieve 100% recovery of gold tailings.

[0075] This method requires small equipment investment, is simple in process, low in cost, high in added value, has no secondary pollution, has a significant resource utilization effect, is easy to dispose of on a large scale, and has good environmental and economic benefits.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] The specific formula of the artificial marble used in this embodiment is:

[0078] 66% gold tailings processed material with a mesh size of 20-300 mesh, 14% No. 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, 3% colorant (red iron oxide), 1.5% reinforcing agent (a mixture of glass fiber and plastic fiber in a 1:1 mass ratio), 1.5% organic adhesive (PVC polyvinyl alcohol), 2.0% additive (industrial grade carboxymethyl cellulose), and the rest is water (tap water).

[0079] The preparation method is:

[0080] S1: The gold tailings are adjusted to a slurry with a mass concentration of 30-60% (rough control is sufficient here) and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20-300;

[0081] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material with a moisture content of 20-40%;

[0082] S3: Prepare artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtain artificial marble finished product through mixing, pressing, molding, polishing and curing. The pressing pressure is 800 MPa.

[0083] Tested according to the test method in GB / T 41919-2022 artificial stone building board standard, performance test results:

[0084] Glossiness is 75; compressive strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 2812; flexural strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 502; strength (Mpa / m 2 ) is about 88; wear resistance is greater than 8000 revolutions at 500g without obvious wear; dust generation is less than 1mg / cm 2 .

[0085] The product performance complies with the GB / T 41919-2022 standard for artificial stone building panels.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] The specific formula of the artificial marble used in this embodiment is:

[0088] 68% of gold tailings processed material with a mesh size of 20-300 mesh, 12% of No. 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, 5% of colorant (iron oxide green), 1.2% of reinforcing agent (glass fiber), 1.0% of organic adhesive (acrylic emulsion), 2.1% of additive (industrial grade carboxymethyl cellulose), and the rest is water (tap water).

[0089] The preparation method is:

[0090] S1: The gold tailings are adjusted to a slurry with a mass concentration of 30-60% (rough control is sufficient here) and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20-300;

[0091] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material with a moisture content of 20-40%;

[0092] S3: Prepare artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtain artificial marble finished product through mixing, pressing, molding, polishing and curing. The pressing pressure is 800 MPa.

[0093] Tested according to the test method in GB / T 41919-2022 artificial stone building board standard, performance test results:

[0094] Glossiness is 69; compressive strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 2781; flexural strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 496; strength (Mpa / m 2 ) is about 84; wear resistance is greater than 8000 revolutions at 500g without obvious wear; dust generation is less than 1mg / cm 2 .

[0095] The product performance complies with the GB / T 41919-2022 standard for artificial stone building panels.

[0096] Compared with Example 1, since the amount of gold tailings treated material added is slightly higher and the amount of reinforcing agent and organic adhesive added is less, the toughness and strength of the artificial marble in this example are slightly reduced.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] The specific formula of the artificial marble used in this embodiment is:

[0099] 69% of gold tailings processed material with a mesh size of 20 to 300, 12% of No. 62.5 ordinary Portland cement, 2.5% of colorant (chrome yellow), 1.3% of reinforcing agent (plastic fiber), 1.0% of organic adhesive (PVC polyvinyl alcohol), 2.8% of additive (industrial grade carboxymethyl cellulose), and the rest is water (tap water).

[0100] The preparation method is:

[0101] S1: The gold tailings are adjusted to a slurry with a mass concentration of 30-60% (rough control is sufficient here) and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20-300;

[0102] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material with a moisture content of 20-40%;

[0103] S3: Prepare artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtain artificial marble finished product through mixing, pressing, molding, polishing and curing. The pressing pressure is 800 MPa.

[0104] Tested according to the test method in GB / T 41919-2022 artificial stone building board standard, performance test results:

[0105] Glossiness is 64; compressive strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 2763; flexural strength (N / cm 2 ) is greater than 494; strength (Mpa / m 2 ) is about 81; wear resistance is greater than 8000 revolutions at 500g without obvious wear; dust generation is less than 1mg / cm 2 .

[0106] The product performance complies with the GB / T 41919-2022 standard for artificial stone building panels.

[0107] Compared with Examples 1 and 2, the amount of gold tailings added is slightly higher, and the amount of inorganic adhesive, reinforcing agent and organic adhesive added is less. However, since the performance of No. 62.5 cement is higher, the toughness and strength of the artificial marble in this example do not decrease much.

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] The specific formula of the artificial marble used in this embodiment is:

[0110] 75% 20-300 mesh gold tailings treated material, 12% No. 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, 3% colorant (iron oxide red and iron oxide green, mixed in a ratio of approximately 1:1), 1.0% reinforcing agent (a mixture of glass fiber and plastic fiber, in a mass ratio of 1:1), 1.0% organic adhesive (acrylic emulsion), 2.0% additive (industrial grade carboxymethyl cellulose), and the rest is water (tap water).

[0111] The preparation method is:

[0112] S1: The gold tailings are adjusted to a slurry with a mass concentration of 30-60% (rough control is sufficient here) and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20-300;

[0113] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material with a moisture content of 20-40%;

[0114] S3: Prepare artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtain artificial marble finished product through mixing, pressing, molding, polishing and curing. The pressing pressure is 800 MPa.

[0115] The product's performance did not meet the GB / T 41919-2022 standard for artificial stone building panels. During relevant performance testing and acceptance, it failed flexural and compressive tests, exhibiting substandard strength and exhibiting defects such as cracking and dusting. Comparative analysis suggests that excessive addition of treated gold tailings resulted in insufficient internal structural strength, preventing the product from forming a solid, integrated structure.

[0116] Comparative Example 2

[0117] The specific formula of the artificial marble used in this embodiment is:

[0118] 65% 20-300 mesh gold tailings treated material, 15% No. 32.5 ordinary Portland cement, 3% colorant (indigo), 1.3% reinforcing agent (plastic fiber), 1.4% organic adhesive (PVC polyvinyl alcohol), 2.7% additive (industrial grade carboxymethyl cellulose mixture), and the rest is water (tap water).

[0119] The preparation method is:

[0120] S1: The gold tailings are adjusted to a slurry with a mass concentration of 30-60% (rough control is sufficient here) and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20-300;

[0121] S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material with a moisture content of 20-40%;

[0122] S3: Prepare artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtain artificial marble finished product through mixing, pressing, molding, polishing, and curing. The pressing pressure is 300 MPa.

[0123] The product's performance did not meet the GB / T 41919-2022 standard for artificial stone building panels. The surface exhibited a small number of visible cracks, and its structural strength failed relevant testing. This was attributed to insufficient pressing pressure and the poor performance of No. 32.5 cement, which failed to effectively bond the various components (especially the gold tailings waste) together.

[0124] Comparative Example 3

[0125] Gold tailings with a mesh size of 0 to 300 were used as the treatment material, and other parameters and steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0126] The product's performance failed to meet the GB / T 41919-2022 standard for artificial stone building panels. Defects such as collapse and cracking appeared during the pressing process, visible to the naked eye. Analysis revealed that the gold tailings were not screened with the appropriate mesh size, resulting in a large amount of large-sized, irregularly shaped slag and lumps in the mixture, preventing the components from forming a solid, integrated whole.

[0127] In addition, a simple theoretical analysis shows that gold tailings with smaller particle sizes can actually be used to prepare artificial marble, but there is a waste of resources; finer gold tailings have better performance and are more suitable for preparation into more delicate or high-value building materials or other materials.

[0128] The advantages of this invention lie in its use of gold tailings, a major source of solid waste, as its primary raw material. It employs a curing and molding technology that combines organic and inorganic adhesives. The addition of a reinforcing agent ensures increased tensile strength and reduced cracking, ensuring the product meets the standards for artificial stone building panels. Overall, this invention boasts advantages such as high gold tailings utilization, a simple and easy-to-operate process, low costs, and excellent product performance.

[0129] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial marble, characterized by: The artificial marble contains gold tailings processing material, cement, toner, reinforcing agent, organic adhesive, additives and water; The specific components of the artificial marble are, by mass percentage, 65% to 70% of processed gold tailings, 12% to 15% of cement, 3% to 5% of toner, 1.2% to 1.5% of reinforcing agent, 1.0% to 1.5% of organic adhesive, 2% to 3% of additives and 10% to 15% of water; The gold tailings processed material is 20-300 mesh gold tailings solid particles, which need to be washed and impurity-removed before use; The gold tailings have a SiO2 content exceeding 38% and a total Al2O3 and CaCO3 content exceeding 40% by mass; The pressing pressure during the preparation of the artificial marble is ≥800 MPa.

2. The artificial marble according to claim 1, wherein: The organic adhesive is one of acrylic emulsion and PVA.

3. The artificial marble according to claim 1, wherein: The additive is a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. The artificial marble according to claim 1, wherein: The artificial marble complies with the standard GB / T 41919-2022 for artificial stone building panels.

5. A method for preparing the artificial marble according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: The gold tailings are mixed into a slurry and sieved to obtain a solid wet material of gold tailings with a mesh size of 20 to 300; S2: The solid wet material obtained in S1 is washed and filtered with tap water, and the filter cake after filtration is the gold tailings processed material; S3: preparing an artificial marble mixture according to a preset formula, and obtaining an artificial marble finished product through the steps of mixing, pressing, molding, polishing, and curing.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass concentration of gold tailings in the slurry is 30% to 60%; the water content of the solid wet material is 30% to 60%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moisture content of the gold tailings treated material in step S2 is 20% to 40%.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing pressure in step S3 is ≥800 MPa.

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