Small semi-automatic tuber excavating machine for tremella

Abstract

The application provides a small semi-automatic tremella rod hole expanding machine, which comprises a main frame, a feeding mechanism, a hole expanding power mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a plurality of hole expanding mechanisms, the main frame comprises a main machine table top, a first supporting table top, a second supporting table top and a guide column, the hole expanding power mechanism, the transmission mechanism and the plurality of hole expanding mechanisms are all located on the first supporting table top, the hole expanding cylinder on the second supporting table top drives the whole first supporting table top to slide up and down along the guide column through the first push plate; the hole expanding mechanism comprises a hole expanding support, a rotating assembly and a blade, the hole expanding power mechanism drives the blade to rotate through the transmission mechanism and the rotating assembly in sequence; the feeding channel of the feeding mechanism is located below the blade, and the blade is used for expanding holes on the tremella rod on the feeding channel. The application realizes semi-automatic hole expansion of the tremella rod, and also ensures that the shape of the incision formed by hole expansion is regular and the size is stable, thereby improving the yield and quality of tremella.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and in particular to a small semi-automatic tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine. Background Technology

[0002] During the growth of white fungus, the inoculation site is often too small to support subsequent growth, necessitating enlargement of the planting hole. In domestic production, this is typically done manually with a utility knife, resulting in inconsistent and unstable cut sizes and shapes. If the cut is too small, the enlargement is ineffective. If the cut is too large, the substrate is easily contaminated, affecting yield and potentially causing spoilage. Furthermore, excessive contact area between the white fungus and the substrate during maturity increases the difficulty and workload of removing the base of the fungus during harvest. Therefore, the current method of manual enlargement negatively impacts both the yield and quality of white fungus. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a small, semi-automatic tremella fuciformis bud expansion machine, which ensures that the incisions formed during expansion have regular shapes and stable dimensions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a small semi-automatic Tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine, comprising a main frame, a feeding mechanism, an expansion power mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and multiple expansion mechanisms. The main frame includes a main platform, a first support platform, a second support platform, and multiple vertically arranged guide columns. The two ends of the guide columns are respectively fixedly connected to the second support platform and the main platform. A first push plate is provided on the first support platform, and an expansion cylinder is provided on the second support platform. The expansion cylinder is connected to the first push plate, and the expansion cylinder pushes the first support platform to slide up and down along the guide columns through the first push plate. The expansion power mechanism, the transmission mechanism, and the multiple expansion mechanisms are all arranged on the first support platform. The expansion power mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected to the multiple expansion mechanisms.

[0006] The cavity expansion mechanism includes a cavity expansion bracket, a rotating assembly, a telescopic assembly, a blade holder mounting component, a blade mounting component, a waste film treatment assembly, and a blade. The telescopic assembly includes an elastic element and a guide element. The cavity expansion bracket is fixed to the first support platform. The rotating assembly is mounted on the cavity expansion bracket. The first end of the rotating assembly is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the second end of the rotating assembly is fixedly connected to the blade holder mounting component. The blade mounting component is slidably disposed on the blade holder mounting component. One end of the blade mounting component has a receiving groove, and the other end is connected to the blade. The elastic element is located in the receiving groove and sleeved outside the guide element. The blade holder mounting component has a limit plate in the rebound direction of the elastic element. One end of the guide element is fixedly connected to the limit plate. The cavity expansion power mechanism drives the blade to rotate sequentially through the transmission mechanism and the rotating assembly.

[0007] The feeding mechanism is mounted on the main unit table, and the feeding channel of the feeding mechanism is located below the blade. The blade is used to expand the holes of the tremella fuciformis sticks on the feeding channel.

[0008] The blade mounting component is also equipped with a rolling bearing near the blade, and the lowest point of the rolling bearing is higher than the lowest point of the blade when in operation.

[0009] The waste film treatment assembly includes a guide block and two reverse needle rods. The guide block is disposed inside the rotation axis of the rotating assembly. One end of each reverse needle rod is fixedly installed on the guide block. The two reverse needle rods are located within the rotation circle of the blade. The other end of each reverse needle rod is tapered and its lowest point is lower than the lowest point of the blade when in operation.

[0010] The positioning mechanism includes a long-side limiting component and a short-side limiting component. The long-side limiting component includes a long-side limiting cylinder and a long-side limiting plate. The long-side limiting cylinder is connected to the long-side limiting plate, which is positioned above the feeding channel after all the cavity-expanding mechanisms have passed. The long-side limiting cylinder can drive the long-side limiting plate to insert into the feeding channel. The short-side limiting component includes a short-side limiting cylinder and a short-side limiting plate. The short-side limiting cylinder is connected to the short-side limiting plate, which is located on the side below the first support platform in the feeding channel. The short-side limiting cylinder can drive the short-side limiting plate into the feeding channel.

[0011] Optionally, the feeding direction of the feeding mechanism and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hole-expanding mechanisms are the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of cut holes on the Tremella fuciformis stick.

[0012] Optionally, the positioning mechanism further includes an upper surface limiting plate, which is disposed on the side of the first support platform facing the main platform and located between two adjacent cavity expansion mechanisms.

[0013] Optionally, the rotating assembly includes a rotating wheel, a guide block, a limiting retaining ring, a rotary bearing, a transition ring, and a rotating shaft. The guide block is disposed on the cavity expansion bracket, and the rotating shaft is sleeved on the outside of the guide block. The rotating wheel, the rotary bearing, and the transition ring are sequentially sleeved on the side of the rotating shaft away from the guide block from top to bottom. The rotating wheel serves as the first end of the rotating assembly and is connected to the transmission mechanism. The end of the rotating shaft away from the rotating wheel serves as the second end of the rotating assembly and is fixedly connected to the tool holder mounting component.

[0014] Optionally, the waste film treatment assembly further includes a waste film ejection cylinder, a second push plate, a waste film ejection rod, a waste film ejection block, a waste film receiving cylinder, and a waste film receiving plate;

[0015] The waste film ejection rod is slidably installed in the guide block, and the extension of all the waste film ejection rods above the waste film bracket in the cavity expansion bracket is connected to the second push plate, and the second push plate is connected to the waste film ejection cylinder.

[0016] The waste film ejector rod is fixedly connected to the waste film ejector block at one end near the blade. The waste film ejector block is placed horizontally and its two horizontal ends are respectively sleeved on the two inverted needle rods. The waste film ejector cylinder drives the waste film ejector rod to slide downward through the second push plate. The waste film ejector rod drives the waste film ejector block to slide downward along the inverted needle rod.

[0017] The waste film receiving cylinder is connected to the waste film receiving plate, and the waste film receiving cylinder drives the waste film receiving plate to move in and out of the position between the feeding mechanism and the needle bar.

[0018] Optionally, the cavity expansion power mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, and the transmission mechanism includes a synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt, an idler pulley, a transmission bearing, a tensioning pulley, and a transmission retaining ring. The reducer, the synchronous pulley, the idler pulley, and the tensioning pulley are all fixed on the first support platform. The tensioning pulley is fixed on the bearing seat of the cavity expansion bracket. The lower end face of the transmission bearing is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning pulley, and the transmission retaining ring is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning pulley and located outside the upper end face of the transmission bearing.

[0019] The motor is connected to the synchronous pulley via a reducer. The idler pulley is located on one side of the plurality of cavity-expanding mechanisms and away from the cavity-expanding mechanisms. The tensioning pulley is located on the other side of the plurality of cavity-expanding mechanisms and at least one is located between two cavity-expanding mechanisms. The projection of the tensioning pulley along the arrangement direction of two adjacent cavity-expanding mechanisms is located on the projection of the cavity-expanding mechanism in the same direction.

[0020] The synchronous belt is sleeved on the synchronous pulley, and one end of it passes through the side of the idler pulley away from the cavity-expanding mechanism and then sleeves on the outermost cavity-expanding mechanism. It then passes sequentially through the side of the transmission bearing near the cavity-expanding mechanism, the side of the cavity-expanding mechanism away from the idler pulley, until it passes through the last cavity-expanding mechanism and returns to the synchronous pulley.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0022] (1) The incision formed by the expansion of the cavity in this invention has a regular shape and stable size.

[0023] Existing artificial planting holes are roughly elliptical in shape, with varying hole lengths. Overly long holes not only cause excessive contact between the tremella and the substrate, leading to contamination and reduced yield, even rendering the tremella unusable, but also result in excessive ear-shaped growths during harvesting, increasing the workload of ear-shaped growth removal and reducing the effective weight of the tremella, thus decreasing farmer profits. Conversely, overly short holes cannot provide the necessary nutrients for tremella growth, resulting in low yields and reduced farmer profits. This invention addresses this by creating a regular and stable incision shape. By modifying the cutting dimensions of the planting mechanism, it is possible to create incisions suitable for healthy tremella production, improving the quality and stability of the tremella, ultimately benefiting farmers by increasing their profits and reducing costs, including planting hole costs and ear-shaped growth removal costs.

[0024] (2) This invention achieves semi-automatic hole expansion.

[0025] Currently, most of the workers expanding the planting holes are middle-aged or elderly women who are unable to perform heavy physical labor. During the expansion stage, the mushroom logs are stored one by one at intervals in layers of steel frames. The logs are manually removed from the frames, the holes are expanded manually, and then they are put back, a process repeated for a whole day or even several days. When the expansion involves mushroom logs on high steel frames, it requires working at height, increasing the danger of the work. As times change, these middle-aged and elderly women are aging, and in the future, farmers will face the dilemma of having no workers available for expanding the planting holes. This invention reduces the intensity of manual labor and improves work efficiency through semi-automated expansion.

[0026] (3) The present invention can stably, reliably and completely cut the upper surface of the mushroom stick.

[0027] The mushroom substrate is a solid object formed by an outer membrane enclosing the internal culture medium. During the rotating cutting process, the membrane at the cut portion becomes loose and warps, causing the blade to jam. Without the pressure of a rolling bearing, the blade would become stuck in the substrate, resulting in excessive resistance and preventing further cutting. Simultaneously, the rolling bearing also limits the cutting depth. Secondly, the surface of the mushroom substrate is a semi-circular arc surface, higher in the middle and lower on both sides. As the blade rotates from the lower to the higher part of the substrate surface, the rolling bearing smoothly climbs upwards along the semi-circular arc surface, and the spring in the retractable component automatically raises the blade along the upward movement of the rolling bearing. The combined action of the rolling bearing and the spring allows the blade to smoothly cut from the lower to the higher part of the substrate surface. If a rectangular limiting block were used instead of a rolling bearing, the limiting block and the blade would become stuck in the culture medium, preventing further cutting. Furthermore, the blade of this invention does not require sensor positioning to ensure it always cuts from the same starting point; it can cut at any point within its travel radius to achieve a complete cut.

[0028] (4) The present invention can automatically complete the cavity expansion and mold taking in one go.

[0029] This invention places a conical inverted needle rod inside a hollow rotating shaft, and designs a suitable taper and barb on the conical inverted needle rod. In a narrow space, without the need for other power sources, the waste film can be taken away while the machine is detaching from the tremella fuciformis stick. The waste film of the inverted needle rod is automatically collected by a cylinder in conjunction with a push plate, achieving the effect of one-time automated completion of hole expansion and mold removal. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a small semi-automatic tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a small semi-automatic tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine from another perspective, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the short-side limiting component on the first support platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first support platform, the cavity expansion power mechanism, the transmission mechanism, the cavity expansion mechanism, and the upper surface limiting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Top view;

[0036] Figure 7This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cavity expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cavity expansion mechanism involved in an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a front view of the cavity expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cavity expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0041] 1. Main frame; 11. Main platform; 12. First support platform; 13. Second support platform; 14. Guide column; 15. Guide bearing;

[0042] 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Feeding channel;

[0043] 3. Hole-expanding power mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Reducer; 33. Hole-expanding cylinder; 34. First push plate;

[0044] 4. Transmission mechanism; 41. Synchronous pulley; 42. Synchronous belt; 43. Idler pulley; 44. Tensioner pulley; 45. Transmission bearing; 46. Transmission retaining ring;

[0045] 5. Hole expansion mechanism; 51. Hole expansion bracket; 511. Bearing seat; 512. Waste film bracket; 52. Rotating assembly; 521. Rotating wheel; 522. Rotating shaft; 523. Limiting circlip; 524. Rotary bearing; 525. Transition ring; 53. Blade; 54. Telescopic assembly; 541. Elastic element; 542. Guide element; 55. Blade holder mounting component; 551. Limiting plate; 56. Blade mounting component; 561. Receiving groove; 562. Rolling bearing; 57. Waste film processing assembly; 571. Reverse needle rod; 572. Waste film ejection cylinder; 573. Second push plate; 574. Waste film ejection rod; 575. Waste film ejection block; 576. Waste film receiving cylinder; 577. Waste film receiving plate; 578. Guide block;

[0046] 6. Positioning mechanism; 61. Long side limiting assembly; 611. Long side limiting cylinder; 612. Long side limiting plate; 62. Short side limiting assembly; 621. Short side limiting cylinder; 622. Short side limiting plate; 63. Upper surface limiting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 A small semi-automatic tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine includes a main frame 1, a feeding mechanism 2, an expansion power mechanism 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a positioning mechanism 6, and multiple expansion mechanisms 5. Existing tremella fuciformis spawn usually requires three cuts. Therefore, in this embodiment, there are three expansion mechanisms 5, so that all the holes on a tremella fuciformis spawn can be cut at once.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 It is known that the main frame 1 includes a main frame platform 11, a first support platform 12, a second support platform 13, and four vertically arranged guide columns 14. The two ends of the guide columns 14 are fixedly connected to the second support platform 13 and the main frame platform 11, respectively. The first support platform 12 can slide up and down on the guide columns 14 through the guide bearings 15 thereon. Among them, the cavity expansion power mechanism 3, the transmission mechanism 4, and multiple cavity expansion mechanisms 5 are all arranged on the first support platform 12. The cavity expansion power mechanism 3 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4, and the transmission mechanism 4 is respectively connected to the multiple cavity expansion mechanisms 5 through transmission.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 It is known that the feeding mechanism 2 is set on the main unit table 11, and the feeding channel 21 of the feeding mechanism 2 is located below the first support table 12. In this embodiment, the two sides of the feeding mechanism 2 are feeding plates, forming a feeding channel 21 in the middle. The first support table 12 is located above the feeding channel 21 and in the middle of the entire feeding channel 21. The front of the feeding channel 21 is for feeding, and the rear is for discharging. The feeding plate on one side of the feeding mechanism 2 is always present on the entire feeding channel 21, while the feeding plate on the side closer to the operator is present at the feeding position, with a gap in the middle to allow the short side limiting plate 622 of the positioning mechanism 6 to enter and exit the feeding channel 21. The gap at the outlet of the discharging position makes it easy for the operator to pick up the cut tremella fuciformis sticks after they come out.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5It is known that a first push plate 34 is provided on the first support platform 12, and a cavity-expanding cylinder 33 is provided on the second support platform 13. The cavity-expanding cylinder 33 is connected to the first push plate 34. The cavity-expanding cylinder 33 pushes the first support platform 12 to slide up and down along the guide column 14 through the first push plate 34. In this way, the cavity-expanding mechanism 5 located on the first support platform 12 will slide down to the Tremella fuciformis stick and come into contact with it. Figure 4 As shown, the first push plate 34 has an inverted U-shaped structure and is fastened to the middle of both sides of the first support platform 12. Specifically, the middle protruding part of the first push plate 34 is provided with a mounting plate and a cavity-expanding cylinder 33 for connection, and the two ends of its inverted U-shape are connected by holes and corresponding screws to fix it to the first support platform 12.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 It can be seen that the cavity expansion power mechanism 3 includes a motor 31 and a reducer 32, and the transmission mechanism 4 includes a synchronous pulley 41, a synchronous belt 42, an idler pulley 43, a transmission bearing 45, a tensioner 44, and a transmission retaining ring 46. The reducer 32, synchronous pulley 41, idler pulley 43, and tensioner 44 are all fixed to the first support platform 12. For example, the reducer 32 is mounted to a reducer mounting plate with screws, and the reducer mounting plate is mounted to the first support platform 12 with screws. Similarly, the idler pulley 43 is placed on an idler pulley mounting plate, and the idler pulley mounting plate is mounted to the first support platform 12 with screws. The idler pulley 43 also has a retaining ring for limiting its position. (Refer to...) Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that the tensioning wheel 44 is fixedly installed on the bearing seat 511 of the cavity expansion bracket 51 by screws. The lower end face of the transmission bearing 45 is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning wheel 44. The transmission retaining ring 46 is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning wheel 44 and located on the upper end face of the transmission bearing 45. The shoulder of the tensioning wheel 44 limits the lower end face of the transmission bearing 45, and the transmission retaining ring 46 limits the upper end face of the transmission bearing 45 to tension the synchronous belt 42.

[0054] Specifically, the motor 31 is connected to the synchronous pulley 41 through the reducer 32. The idler pulley 43 is located on one side of the multiple cavity expansion mechanisms 5 and away from the cavity expansion mechanism 5. The tensioning pulley 44 is located on the other side of the multiple cavity expansion mechanisms 5 and at least one is located between two cavity expansion mechanisms 5. The projection of the tensioning pulley 44 along the arrangement direction of two adjacent cavity expansion mechanisms 5 is located on the projection of the cavity expansion mechanism 5 in the same direction, so that the tensioning effect can be achieved.

[0055] In this embodiment, the synchronous belt 42 is fitted onto the synchronous pulley 41, and one end passes over the idler pulley 43 on the side away from the cavity-expanding mechanism 5 before being fitted onto the outermost cavity-expanding mechanism 5. It then sequentially passes over the transmission bearing 45 on the side near the cavity-expanding mechanism 5, and the cavity-expanding mechanism 5 on the side away from the idler pulley 43, until it passes the last cavity-expanding mechanism 5 and returns to the synchronous pulley 41. In this embodiment, as... Figure 6 It can be seen that a tensioning wheel 44 is provided on both sides of each cavity expansion mechanism 5, so that two tensioning wheels 44 are provided in parallel between two adjacent cavity expansion mechanisms 5, and the synchronous wheel 41 is also arranged in parallel with the three cavity expansion mechanisms 5. At this time, one end of the synchronous belt 42 passes through the idler wheel 43 on the side away from the cavity expansion mechanism 5 and then is sleeved on the outermost cavity expansion mechanism 5. Then it passes through the two transmission bearings 45 on the side near the cavity expansion mechanism 5, the side of the middle cavity expansion mechanism 5 away from the idler wheel 43, then through the two transmission bearings 45 on the side near the cavity expansion mechanism 5, and the last cavity expansion mechanism 5 near the synchronous wheel 41, and then passes through one transmission bearing 45 and returns to the synchronous wheel 41. Due to the position of the tensioning wheel 44, when the synchronous wheel 41 rotates, the synchronous belt 42 will drive the rotating component 52 on the cavity expansion mechanism 5 to rotate.

[0056] Because simultaneous three-hole expansion operations are required, the existing drive devices cannot be directly adopted; a drive device design based on the overall structure is necessary. Furthermore, due to the high speed of the small DC motor and the need to simultaneously drive three expansion mechanisms 5, the design of the transmission mechanism 4 is a key technology that needs to be addressed. Therefore, the design of the expansion power mechanism 3, transmission mechanism 4, and multiple expansion mechanisms 5 described in this embodiment is an innovative design suitable for three-hole expansion of Tremella fuciformis logs. After the first reduction via the reducer 32, a second reduction is achieved via the synchronous pulley 41 and the rotating wheel 521 on the expansion mechanism 5, realizing the effect of one motor 31 simultaneously driving multiple expansion mechanisms 5. The design of the transmission mechanism 4 overcomes the problem of the high speed of the small DC motor.

[0057] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 10The positioning mechanism 6 includes a long-side limiting component 61, a short-side limiting component 62, and an upper surface limiting plate 63. The long-side limiting component 61 includes a long-side limiting cylinder 611 and a long-side limiting plate 612. The long-side limiting cylinder 611 is connected to the long-side limiting plate 612. The long-side limiting cylinder 611 is set on the second support platform 13 and faces downward. The long-side limiting plate 612 is located above the position after all the expansion mechanisms 5 on the feeding channel 21, that is, at the front end of the Tremella fuciformis stick. The long-side limiting cylinder 611 can drive the long-side limiting plate 612 to insert into the feeding channel 21, thereby limiting the front end of the Tremella fuciformis stick. When the operator pushes in the next Tremella fuciformis stick, it will push against the rear end of the current Tremella fuciformis stick, thus achieving long-side limiting of the Tremella fuciformis stick. The short-side limiting component 62 includes a short-side limiting cylinder 621 and a short-side limiting plate 622. The short-side limiting cylinder 621 is connected to the short-side limiting plate 622 and both are located on the main unit table 11. The short-side limiting plate 622 is located on the side below the first support table 12 in the feeding channel 21. The short-side limiting cylinder 621 can drive the short-side limiting plate 622 into the feeding channel 21. In this way, in conjunction with the feed plate fixed on the other side, the short-side limiting of the Tremella fuciformis stick is achieved. At this time, the upper surface limiting plate 63 is set on the side of the first support table 12 facing the main unit table 11 and located between two adjacent expansion mechanisms 5. The upper surface limiting plate 63 limits the position of the blade mounting piece 56 on the upper surface of the Tremella fuciformis stick. In addition, the main unit table 11 supports the lower surface of the Tremella fuciformis stick, thereby ensuring the stability of the Tremella fuciformis stick when it is cut by omnidirectional positioning of the Tremella fuciformis stick in all directions.

[0058] It should be noted that the long side limiting component 61 in this embodiment refers to a component that limits the long side of the mushroom stick, and is not to be understood as being set on the long side of the Tremella mushroom stick. The short side limiting component 62 is explained in the same way as described above.

[0059] Reference Figures 7 to 10 ,in, Figure 7 and Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cavity expansion mechanism 5 is obtained from both top-down and bottom-up perspectives. Figure 9 Front view and Figure 10 The cross-sectional view serves as a comparison between the inside and outside, facilitating the understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 10It is known that the cavity expansion mechanism 5 includes a cavity expansion bracket 51, a rotating component 52, a telescopic component 54, a blade holder mounting component 55, a blade mounting component 56, a blade 53, and a waste film treatment component 57. The cavity expansion bracket 51 is fixed on the first support platform 12. The rotating component 52 is mounted on the cavity expansion bracket 51. The first end of the rotating component 52 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4, and the second end of the rotating component 52 is fixedly connected to the blade holder mounting component 55. The blade mounting component 56 is slidably mounted on the blade holder mounting component 55. One end of the blade mounting component 56 has a receiving groove 561, and the other end is connected to the blade 53. At this time, the telescopic component 54 includes an elastic element 541 and a guide element 542. The elastic element 541 is located in the receiving groove 561 and sleeved on the guide element 542. The blade holder mounting component 55 is provided with a limit plate 551 in the rebound direction of the elastic element 541, and one end of the guide element 542 is fixedly connected to the limit plate 551. Among them, the elastic element 541 is a spring, and the guide element 542 is a pin. Since the upper surface of the tremella fuciformis stick is not a plane, but a semi-circular surface with a high middle and low sides, the blade 53 will float up and down due to the extension and contraction of the spring along with the blade mounting part 56. This not only adapts to the uneven and irregular working environment of the tremella fuciformis stick, but also ensures the cutting depth, thereby ensuring that the film can be cut completely and reliably without damaging the mycelium.

[0061] like Figure 10 It is known that the rotating assembly 52 includes a rotating wheel 521, a limiting retaining ring 523, a rotating bearing 524, a transition ring 525, and a rotating shaft 522. The rotating shaft 522 is fitted with the rotating wheel 521, the limiting retaining ring 523, the rotating bearing 524, and the transition ring 525 sequentially from top to bottom on its outer side. The rotating wheel 521 serves as the first end of the rotating assembly 52 and is connected to the transmission mechanism 4. The rotating bearing 524 is fixed to the bearing seat 511 of the cavity expansion bracket 51. The limiting retaining ring 523 is positioned above the rotating bearing 524, and the transition ring 525 is positioned below the rotating bearing 524 and above the tool holder mounting component 55. The limiting retaining ring 523 limits the rotation of the rotating bearing 524, and the transition ring 525 isolates the rotating bearing 524 from the tool holder mounting component 55. In this embodiment, a rolling bearing 562 is also installed on the blade mount 56 near the blade 53. The lowest point of the rolling bearing 562 is higher than the lowest point of the blade 53 when in operation. Therefore, the rolling bearing 562 serves the following purpose:

[0062] (1) The tremella fuciformis stick is a solid object formed by wrapping the internal culture medium with an outer membrane. During the rotation and cutting process, the membrane of the cut part of the blade 53 is in a relaxed state and will warp, causing the blade to jam. If there is no rolling bearing 562 to cover and press, the blade 53 will get stuck in the stick, resulting in too much resistance and inability to cut.

[0063] (2) The surface of the mushroom log is a semi-circular arc surface, higher in the middle and lower on both sides. When the blade 53 rotates from the lower to the higher part of the mushroom log surface, the rolling bearing 562 smoothly climbs upward along the semi-circular arc surface, and the spring in the telescopic component 54 drives the blade 53 to rise automatically along the upward movement of the rolling bearing 562. The combined action of the rolling bearing 562 and the spring allows the blade 53 to smoothly cut from the lower to the higher part of the mushroom log surface. If a rectangular limiting block is used instead of the rolling bearing 562, the limiting block and the blade 53 will get stuck in the culture medium, making it impossible to continue cutting.

[0064] (3) The rolling bearing 562 helps guide the blade 53 to the upper surface of the tremella stick and to a certain extent limits the cutting depth of the blade 53.

[0065] In this embodiment, the cavity expansion bracket 51, in addition to the aforementioned bearing seat 511, also includes a waste film bracket 512. The bearing seat 511 is flat and fits onto the main frame 1. The waste film bracket 512 is inverted U-shaped with extending connecting holes at both ends of the U-shape for alignment with the connecting holes on the bearing seat 511. It is then fixed to the main frame 1 with screws. The rotating wheel 521 is located between the bearing seat 511 and the waste film bracket 512. Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figures 8 to 10 It is known that the waste film treatment component 57 includes a guide block 578 and two inverted needle rods 571. The guide block 578 is set inside the rotating shaft 522 of the rotating component 52 and connected to the waste film support 512 by screws. One end of the inverted needle rod 571 is fixedly installed on the guide block 578, and the other end of the inverted needle rod 571 is conical, with its lowest point lower than the lowest point of the blade 53 when in operation. The two inverted needle rods 571 are located within the rotating circle of the blade 53. In this way, when the cavity-expanding cylinder 33 pushes the first support platform 12 to slide downward along the guide post 14 through the first push plate 34, the inverted needle rod 571 will first contact the film on the tremella fuciformis stick and pass through it. Then, the blade 53 rotates to form a circular cut, and the waste film on this cut is hooked onto the head of the inverted needle rod 571. Afterward, the cavity-expanding cylinder 33 pushes the first support platform 12 to slide upward along the guide post 14 through the first push plate 34, using the conical head to lift the waste film cut by the blade 53, thereby achieving the effect of waste film peeling.

[0066] In this embodiment, the waste film treatment assembly 57 further includes a waste film ejection cylinder 572, a second push plate 573, a waste film ejection rod 574, a waste film ejection block 575, a waste film receiving cylinder 576, and a waste film receiving plate 577. The waste film ejection rod 574 is slidably installed in the guide block 578. The extensions of all waste film ejection rods 574 located above the waste film support 512 are connected to the second push plate 573. The second push plate 573 is connected to the waste film ejection cylinder 572. One end of the waste film ejection rod 574 near the blade 53 is fixedly connected to the waste film ejection block 575. The waste film ejection block 575 is placed horizontally and its two horizontal ends are respectively sleeved on two inverted needle rods 571. The waste film ejection cylinder 572 drives the waste film ejection rod 574 to slide downward through the second push plate 573. The waste film ejection rod 574 drives the waste film ejection block 575 to slide downward along the inverted needle rod 571. Among them, the waste film receiving cylinder 576 is connected to the waste film receiving plate 577, and the waste film receiving cylinder 576 drives the waste film receiving plate 577 to move in and out of the position between the upper surface of the mushroom stick and the inverted needle rod 571 on the feeding mechanism 2.

[0067] At this point, when the feeding mechanism 2 contains tremella fuciformis spawn and the holes are expanded, and the inverted needle rod 571 has lifted the waste film, the waste film receiving cylinder 576 drives the waste film receiving plate 577 to the position between the tremella fuciformis spawn and the inverted needle rod 571. Simultaneously, the waste film pushing cylinder 572, through the second push plate 573, drives all the waste film pushing blocks 575 to slide downwards along the inverted needle rod 571, thus pushing the waste film from the inverted needle rod 571 onto the waste film receiving plate 577, completing the automatic waste film cleaning function. Afterwards, the waste film receiving plate 577 returns to its original position under the action of the waste film receiving cylinder 576, allowing the operator to remove the waste film from the waste film receiving plate 577, or for the waste film on the waste film receiving plate 577 to fall into the designated collection device through other mechanisms.

[0068] In this embodiment, the main machine table 11 is a rectangular table made of aluminum profiles assembled with screws, serving as the main support table for the entire machine. The feed plate is mounted on the main machine table 11 with screws. Cylinders such as the cavity expansion cylinder 33, waste film ejection cylinder 572, waste film receiving cylinder 576, long side limiting cylinder 611, and short side limiting cylinder 621 are all mounted on their respective table surfaces via their mounting plates. The waste film ejection block 575 is also mounted on the waste film ejection rod 574 with screws, and the waste film ejection rod 574 can slide up and down when placed in the inner groove of the guide block 578. In addition, the needle bar 571 is mounted on the guide block 578 by threads, the limiting plate 551 is mounted on the blade holder mounting part 55 by screws, the blade 53 is mounted on the blade mounting part 56 by screws, and the pin is mounted on the limiting plate 551 by screws. That is, most of the connection structures of various components adopt screw or direct thread connection methods, which facilitates installation and ensures reliable and stable connection.

[0069] After expanding the planting holes for the tremella fuciformis, the waste film needs to be peeled off and cleaned. The waste film peeling device designed in this embodiment can not only reliably peel off the waste film that sticks to the culture medium without damaging the culture medium, but also push the waste film into the designated collection device.

[0070] In summary, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0071] (1) The long side limiting cylinder 611 drives the long side limiting plate 612 to fall into the feeding channel 21. The operator puts the first tremella fuciformis stick into the feeding channel 21 and pushes it forward until it hits the long side limiting plate 612 and stops. The short side limiting cylinder 621 pushes the short side limiting plate 622 into the feeding channel 21 to limit one side of the tremella fuciformis stick. At this time, the operator puts the second tremella fuciformis stick into the feeding channel 21 and pushes it forward until it hits the first tremella fuciformis stick. At this time, the first tremella fuciformis stick is limited on all four sides.

[0072] (2) The expansion cylinder 33 drives all the components on the first support platform 12 to move downward until the upper surface limit plate 63 touches the upper surface of the mushroom stick. The motor 31 rotates and drives the three sets of blades 53 to rotate and cut the upper surface of the silver ear mushroom stick. After the cutting is completed, the expansion cylinder 33 drives all the components on the first support platform 12 to move upward. At this time, the waste film after being cut is carried up by the inverted needle rod 571.

[0073] (3) The waste film receiving cylinder 576 drives the waste film receiving plate 577 to the position between the tremella fuciformis stick and the inverted needle rod 571. The waste film pushing cylinder 572 simultaneously drives all the waste film pushing blocks 575 to slide down along the inverted needle rod 571 through the second push plate 573. In this way, the waste film is pushed from the inverted needle rod 571 onto the waste film receiving plate 577. Then, the waste film receiving plate 577 returns to its original position under the drive of the waste film receiving cylinder 576. At the same time, the inverted needle rod 571 returns to its original position under the drive of the waste film pushing cylinder 572. The operator can then remove the waste film from the waste film receiving plate 577.

[0074] The expanded mushroom logs are manually pushed out. After the next mushroom log is placed in a suitable position, the long side limiting cylinder 611 drives the long side limiting plate 612 to fall into the feeding channel 21, and then pushes the mushroom log forward until it hits the long side limiting plate 612 and stops. This process is repeated to cut the next silver ear mushroom log.

[0075] In this embodiment, the inverted needle rod 571 can stack 8 to 15 layers of waste film. Therefore, after cutting about 10 tremella fuciformis sticks, the waste film receiving cylinder 576 drives the waste film receiving plate 577 to the position between the tremella fuciformis stick and the inverted needle rod 571, and then pushes 10 layers of waste film from the inverted needle rod 571 onto the waste film receiving plate 577 for cleaning.

[0076] Therefore, this embodiment achieves omnidirectional positioning of the Tremella fuciformis stick from all directions (front, back, left, right, up, and down), and simultaneously cuts three holes using a single motor 31. The blade 53 can also elastically float up and down along the upper surface of the Tremella fuciformis stick, ensuring that the cuts formed during hole expansion are regular in shape and stable in size. Furthermore, hole expansion, waste membrane removal, and cleaning are all automated, achieving semi-automatic hole expansion of the Tremella fuciformis stick and guaranteeing high operational efficiency, convenience, and ease of operation.

[0077] Therefore, it should be noted that the specific selection of each module in this embodiment is a specific example. In other equivalent embodiments, models that can meet the corresponding functions can be used for replacement.

[0078] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0079] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0080] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small semi-automatic tremella fuciformis (silver ear fungus) spawn expansion machine, characterized in that, The device includes a main frame, a feeding mechanism, a cavity-expanding power mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and multiple cavity-expanding mechanisms. The main frame includes a main platform, a first support platform, a second support platform, and multiple vertically arranged guide columns. The two ends of the guide columns are fixedly connected to the second support platform and the main platform, respectively. A first push plate is provided on the first support platform, and a cavity-expanding cylinder is provided on the second support platform. The cavity-expanding cylinder is connected to the first push plate and pushes the first support platform to slide up and down along the guide columns through the first push plate. The cavity-expanding power mechanism, the transmission mechanism, and the multiple cavity-expanding mechanisms are all provided on the first support platform. The cavity-expanding power mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected to the multiple cavity-expanding mechanisms. The cavity expansion mechanism includes a cavity expansion bracket, a rotating assembly, a telescopic assembly, a blade holder mounting component, a blade mounting component, a waste film treatment assembly, and a blade. The telescopic assembly includes an elastic element and a guide element. The cavity expansion bracket is fixed to the first support platform. The rotating assembly is mounted on the cavity expansion bracket. The first end of the rotating assembly is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the second end of the rotating assembly is fixedly connected to the blade holder mounting component. The blade mounting component is slidably disposed on the blade holder mounting component. One end of the blade mounting component has a receiving groove, and the other end is connected to the blade. The elastic element is located in the receiving groove and sleeved outside the guide element. The blade holder mounting component has a limit plate in the rebound direction of the elastic element. One end of the guide element is fixedly connected to the limit plate. The cavity expansion power mechanism drives the blade to rotate sequentially through the transmission mechanism and the rotating assembly. The feeding mechanism is mounted on the main unit table, and the feeding channel of the feeding mechanism is located below the blade. The blade is used to expand the holes of the tremella fuciformis sticks on the feeding channel. The blade mounting component is also equipped with a rolling bearing near the blade, and the lowest point of the rolling bearing is higher than the lowest point of the blade when in operation. The waste film treatment assembly includes a guide block and two reverse needle rods. The guide block is disposed inside the rotation axis of the rotating assembly. One end of each reverse needle rod is fixedly installed on the guide block. The two reverse needle rods are located within the rotation circle of the blade. The other end of each reverse needle rod is tapered and its lowest point is lower than the lowest point of the blade when in operation. The positioning mechanism includes a long-side limiting component and a short-side limiting component. The long-side limiting component includes a long-side limiting cylinder and a long-side limiting plate. The long-side limiting cylinder is connected to the long-side limiting plate, which is positioned above the feeding channel after all the cavity-expanding mechanisms have passed. The long-side limiting cylinder can drive the long-side limiting plate to insert into the feeding channel. The short-side limiting component includes a short-side limiting cylinder and a short-side limiting plate. The short-side limiting cylinder is connected to the short-side limiting plate, which is located on the side below the first support platform in the feeding channel. The short-side limiting cylinder can drive the short-side limiting plate into the feeding channel.

2. The small semi-automatic Tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding direction of the feeding mechanism and the arrangement direction of the multiple hole-expanding mechanisms are the same as the arrangement direction of the multiple cut holes on the Tremella fuciformis stick.

3. The small semi-automatic Tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism further includes an upper surface limiting plate, which is disposed on the side of the first support platform facing the main platform and located between two adjacent expansion mechanisms.

4. The small semi-automatic Tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes a rotating wheel, a limiting ring, a rotary bearing, a transition ring, and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft, away from the guide block, is fitted with the rotating wheel, the limiting ring, the rotary bearing, and the transition ring sequentially from top to bottom. The rotating wheel serves as the first end of the rotating assembly and is connected to the transmission mechanism. The end of the rotating shaft away from the rotating wheel serves as the second end of the rotating assembly and is fixedly connected to the tool holder mounting component.

5. A small semi-automatic Tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste film treatment assembly also includes a waste film ejection cylinder, a second push plate, a waste film ejection rod, a waste film ejection block, a waste film receiving cylinder, and a waste film receiving plate; The waste film ejection rod is slidably installed in the guide block, and the extension of all the waste film ejection rods above the waste film bracket in the cavity expansion bracket is connected to the second push plate, and the second push plate is connected to the waste film ejection cylinder. The waste film ejector rod is fixedly connected to the waste film ejector block at one end near the blade. The waste film ejector block is placed horizontally and its two horizontal ends are respectively sleeved on the two inverted needle rods. The waste film ejector cylinder drives the waste film ejector rod to slide downward through the second push plate. The waste film ejector rod drives the waste film ejector block to slide downward along the inverted needle rod. The waste film receiving cylinder is connected to the waste film receiving plate, and the waste film receiving cylinder drives the waste film receiving plate to move in and out of the position between the feeding mechanism and the needle bar.

6. A small semi-automatic Tremella fuciformis spawn expansion machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cavity expansion power mechanism includes a motor and a reducer. The transmission mechanism includes a synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt, an idler pulley, a transmission bearing, a tensioning pulley, and a transmission retaining ring. The reducer, the synchronous pulley, the idler pulley, and the tensioning pulley are all fixed on the first support platform. The tensioning pulley is fixed on the bearing seat of the cavity expansion bracket. The lower end face of the transmission bearing is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning pulley. The transmission retaining ring is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning pulley and is located outside the upper end face of the transmission bearing. The motor is connected to the synchronous pulley via a reducer. The idler pulley is located on one side of the plurality of cavity-expanding mechanisms and away from the cavity-expanding mechanisms. The tensioning pulley is located on the other side of the plurality of cavity-expanding mechanisms and at least one is located between two cavity-expanding mechanisms. The projection of the tensioning pulley along the arrangement direction of two adjacent cavity-expanding mechanisms is located on the projection of the cavity-expanding mechanism in the same direction. The synchronous belt is sleeved on the synchronous pulley, and one end of it passes through the side of the idler pulley away from the cavity-expanding mechanism and then sleeves on the outermost cavity-expanding mechanism. It then passes sequentially through the side of the transmission bearing near the cavity-expanding mechanism, the side of the cavity-expanding mechanism away from the idler pulley, until it passes through the last cavity-expanding mechanism and returns to the synchronous pulley.

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