Water supplementing device for edge portion of macadam layer and construction method for edge portion of cement stabilized macadam layer

Abstract

The application relates to a gravel layer edge water supplementing device and a cement stabilized gravel layer edge construction method, and mainly discloses a gravel layer edge water supplementing device which comprises a mounting mechanism, a water storage tank, a water outlet pipe and a position adjusting mechanism. The mounting mechanism is used for mounting the water storage tank on a paver. The water storage tank is provided with a water outlet joint, and the water outlet joint is provided with a water outlet valve. The position adjusting mechanism comprises a horizontal guide rod, a vertical rod and a locking piece. The horizontal guide rod is horizontally arranged and is horizontally slidably connected with the mounting mechanism. A sliding sleeve is fixed on the horizontal guide rod. The vertical rod is vertically arranged and is vertically slidably connected with the sliding sleeve. The locking piece is used for fixing and limiting the vertical rod and the sliding sleeve. The water outlet pipe is a hose. One end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the water outlet joint. The other end of the water outlet pipe is provided with a spray head and is fixed on the lower end of the vertical rod. The application has the effect of reducing the edge collapse of the gravel layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of equipment for constructing cement-stabilized crushed stone layers, and in particular to equipment for water replenishment at the edges of crushed stone layers and methods for constructing the edges of cement-stabilized crushed stone layers. Background Technology

[0002] During the paving process of cement-stabilized crushed stone layer, the mixture at the edges is in a loose state, loses more water, and has lower edge strength. Therefore, during subsequent compaction, the mixture at the edges is more likely to be squeezed outward, causing edge collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To reduce edge collapse of the crushed stone layer, this application provides a water supply device for the edge of the crushed stone layer and a construction method for the edge of the cement-stabilized crushed stone layer.

[0004] The edge water replenishment device for the crushed stone layer provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: The edge water supply device for the crushed stone layer includes an installation mechanism, a water storage tank, a water outlet pipe, and a position adjustment mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to install the water storage tank on the paver. The water storage tank is equipped with a water outlet connector, and the water outlet connector is equipped with a water outlet valve. The position adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal guide rod, a vertical rod, and a locking device. The horizontal guide rod is horizontally positioned and horizontally slidably connected to the installation mechanism. A sliding sleeve is fixed on the horizontal guide rod. The vertical rod is vertically positioned and vertically slidably connected to the sliding sleeve. The locking device is used to fix and limit the vertical rod and the sliding sleeve. The water outlet pipe is a flexible hose. One end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet connector, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is equipped with a nozzle and fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the water storage tank is connected to the paver through the installation mechanism. During the paving process, the water in the water storage tank is continuously sprayed onto the edge of the crushed stone layer through the water outlet pipe and nozzle to replenish water in time and reduce the situation of loose mixture caused by insufficient moisture content at the edge of the crushed stone layer.

[0006] Furthermore, by setting up a position adjustment mechanism, the horizontal guide rod indirectly controls the horizontal position of the nozzle, while the vertical rod directly controls the height position of the nozzle, thereby effectively replenishing water to the edge of the gravel layer in different locations, with a wide range of applications. Secondly, the water output can be controlled by the water outlet valve.

[0007] Optionally, the installation mechanism includes a horizontal plate, an installation frame, two wedge strips, and two angle steels. The horizontal plate is horizontally arranged and is used to install on the paver. The wedge strips are horizontally and vertically arranged with their large ends fixed to the wide side of the horizontal plate. One surface of the angle steel is fixedly connected to the side of the wedge strip, and the upper surface of the angle steel abuts against the lower surface of the installation frame. The upper surface of the angle steel is also fixedly connected to the lower surface of the installation frame. The water storage tank is placed inside the installation frame.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation stability of the mounting frame can be improved through the setting of wedge strips and angle steel.

[0009] Optionally, an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism is also included. This mechanism comprises a side template, a water guide plate, a first sponge, a waterproof membrane, and a pressure control assembly. The side template supports the sides of the crushed stone layer. A receiving groove is formed within the side template, extending along its length. The receiving groove has an upper opening, and multiple first through holes are formed in the groove wall near the crushed stone layer. The groove wall is covered with a first permeable geotextile. The water guide plate is inclined and fixed to the upper opening of the receiving groove. The first sponge is located within the receiving groove, and the waterproof membrane is located between the first sponge and the groove wall with the first through holes. In the area between the layers, the waterproof membrane is inclined; a first magnet is provided on one side of the waterproof membrane, which is magnetically connected to the bottom of the receiving groove, and the waterproof membrane covers the first sponge; a second magnet is provided on the other side of the waterproof membrane, which is magnetically connected to the upper surface of the water guide plate; multiple vertically arranged diaphragms are integrally formed on the upper surface of the waterproof membrane, and the diaphragms are located in the receiving groove, forming a drainage cavity between adjacent diaphragms; a third magnet is provided on one side of the diaphragm, which is magnetically connected to the groove wall of the receiving groove with a first through hole; a pressure control component is used to apply pressure to the side of the first sponge away from the gravel layer.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the paver is paving, part of the water sprayed from the water outlet pipe flows to the upper surface of the waterproof membrane, and flows along the inclined waterproof membrane to the drainage chamber and seeps into the crushed stone layer through the first through hole. In this way, the edge can be quickly replenished with water to ensure the moisture content of the edge to cope with the subsequent compaction construction.

[0011] When routine maintenance of the gravel layer is required, the waterproof membrane is first removed to expose the first sponge. Water used for maintenance is then sprayed onto the first sponge, which absorbs the water. The pressure control component is then activated, applying pressure to the side of the first sponge away from the gravel layer. This forces the first sponge against the wall of the receiving tank with the first through hole. The water released by the first sponge enters the gravel layer through the first through hole. In this way, the water replenishment speed and amount of the first sponge can be controlled by adjusting the pressure. This method is mainly suitable for slow and continuous water replenishment in windy, sandy, or high-temperature environments.

[0012] Optionally, the pressure control component includes an airbag, an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The airbag is elongated and extends along the length of the side template. The airbag is located on the side of the first sponge opposite to the waterproof membrane. The air inlet pipe is used to introduce high-pressure gas into the airbag. The air outlet pipe is equipped with a switch valve and is used to deflate the airbag.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, high-pressure gas is introduced into the airbag through the air inlet pipe, the airbag expands, and the surface of the airbag presses against the side of the first sponge away from the waterproof membrane, so as to force the first sponge to be squeezed against the groove wall with the first through hole in the receiving groove, and the water squeezed out by the first sponge enters the gravel layer through the first through hole to achieve water replenishment.

[0014] The pressure on the first sponge is controlled by controlling the amount of high-pressure gas introduced, thereby controlling the water replenishment rate.

[0015] Furthermore, after water replenishment is completed, the valve can be opened, and the gas inside the airbag is discharged through the vent pipe. At this time, there is residual air inside the airbag, and the airbag has a certain elasticity, which forces the first sponge to approach the first permeable geotextile, thereby reducing the probability of the edge directly contacting the outside air, reducing water loss, and also providing space for the subsequent water absorption of the first sponge.

[0016] Optionally, an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism is also included. This mechanism comprises a side template, a water guide plate, a second sponge, and a rotation control assembly. The side template supports the sides of the gravel layer and has a first end and a second end. A receiving groove is formed within the side template, extending along its length. The receiving groove has an upper opening. The water guide plate is inclined and fixed to the upper opening of the receiving groove. Multiple second through holes are formed on the groove wall near the gravel layer. These second through holes are elongated and extend along the length of the side template, with each second through hole arranged vertically at intervals. The second sponge is cylindrical. Two sponges are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second through holes. The outer circumference of the second sponge is covered with a second permeable geotextile. The outer circumferences of adjacent second sponges abut each other vertically. Multiple connecting ropes are axially threaded through the second sponge. Each connecting rope is evenly arranged along the circumference of the second sponge. Multiple rubber inserts are slidably fitted on the connecting ropes. The rubber inserts are located inside the second sponge. One end of each connecting rope corresponding to the second sponge is fixed to the first end. The other end of each connecting rope corresponding to the second sponge is fixed to a turntable. The turntable is rotatably connected to the second end. The rotation control component is used to control the rotation speed and number of rotations of the turntable.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the paver is paving, the rotation control component first drives the turntable to rotate forward, the connecting ropes wind around, and the winding parts of each connecting rope move towards the axis of the second sponge, thereby causing the second sponge to twist and compress, reducing its diameter and putting it in a tightly twisted state. The second sponge moves away from the second through hole, exposing the second through hole. Water sprayed from the water outlet pipe flows into the receiving tank and enters the edge through the second through hole, thus achieving rapid water replenishment at the edge. Then, the rotation control component drives the turntable to rotate in the opposite direction, the connecting ropes unwind, the second sponge returns to its original deformation, its diameter increases, and it is in a non-deformed state. The second sponge quickly absorbs the water in the receiving tank, reducing water loss and storing water for subsequent squeezing.

[0018] Before compaction, the rotation control component drives the turntable to rotate in the forward direction, the connecting rope winds around, and the second sponge twists and compresses, the diameter of the second sponge decreases, and the second through hole is exposed. The water in the receiving groove and the water squeezed out by the second sponge enter the crushed stone layer through the second through hole, and water is replenished quickly again.

[0019] When routine watering maintenance is required, the control component first drives the turntable to rotate rapidly in the forward direction, causing the second sponge to be in a tightly twisted state. Then, some of the water used for watering maintenance is splashed onto the second sponge. The control component then drives the turntable to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the second sponge to change from a tightly twisted state to a non-deformed state. The diameter of the second sponge increases to absorb water quickly. Then, the control component drives the turntable to rotate slowly in the forward direction, causing the second sponge to twist, compress, and deform, squeezing out water. This controls the amount and speed of water squeezed out, thereby controlling the amount and speed of water replenishment to the crushed stone layer.

[0020] Optionally, an auxiliary water supply mechanism is also included. The auxiliary water supply mechanism includes a side template and a water guide plate. The side template is used to support the side of the crushed stone layer. A receiving groove is opened in the side template and extends along the length of the side template. The receiving groove has an upper opening. The water guide plate is inclined and fixed to the upper opening of the receiving groove. A third through hole is opened in the groove wall of the receiving groove near the crushed stone layer. The third through hole is rectangular. A shell is slidably connected in the third through hole along the width of the side template. The side of the shell facing the crushed stone layer has a side opening. The upper surface of the shell has a fourth through hole. The inner surface of the shell is covered with a PET film. The shell is filled with a cement composite, which includes cement and a first porous microbial carrier. The first porous microbial carrier is attached with Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when paving, the shell moves toward the crushed stone layer to squeeze the cement composite into the initially set crushed stone layer, so that the cement composite becomes part of the edge of the crushed stone layer. Then the shell is reset, and the inner cavity of the shell is connected to the outside air through the fourth through hole.

[0022] During metabolism, microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria secrete a substance called extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). This substance has strong viscosity and elasticity, which can tightly bind microorganisms together to form the framework of a biofilm. As EPS is continuously secreted and the number of microorganisms increases, the biofilm gradually becomes thicker and more stable. The biofilm has a strong ability to retain and release water. Specifically, because the EPS component of the biofilm is highly hydrophilic, it can adsorb and lock in a large amount of water. This water is evenly distributed throughout the biofilm, providing a moist and constant living environment for microorganisms. At the same time, the dense structure of EPS can also effectively prevent water loss too quickly, ensuring the water balance inside the biofilm. That is, the water sprayed from the nozzle enters the shell through the fourth through-hole, and then is absorbed by the biofilm through the third through-hole to lock in water and reduce evaporation loss.

[0023] Secondly, when the external environment becomes dry or microorganisms need water for metabolic activities, the biofilm will activate its water release mechanism. The biofilm can slowly and continuously release the stored water to provide a certain amount of water supply to the external environment, that is, it can slowly replenish the edge of the gravel layer for daily maintenance.

[0024] Optionally, the second sponge is embedded with a second porous microbial carrier, which is covered with Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria; the side template is provided with a liquid inlet pipe for discharging microbial nutrient solution and water into the receiving tank.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a second porous microbial carrier, stable microbial colonies and biofilms can be constructed to lock in and release water.

[0026] Secondly, if more water needs to be released, or when the super water-locking effect of the biofilm is no longer needed and rapid water replenishment is required, the second sponge can be subjected to high-intensity reciprocating twisting, similar to high-intensity kneading of the second porous microbial carrier, to disrupt the stability of the biofilm and release more water. Moreover, after the biofilm is disrupted, the microorganisms will further enhance their metabolic rate and increase the production of biofilm, in order to prepare for subsequent water-locking.

[0027] Finally, the microbial nutrient solution can replenish nutrients for microorganisms and strengthen the biofilm.

[0028] Optionally, the bottom of the receiving groove is inclined, and the thickness of the first sponge gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to transport the water squeezed out by the first sponge and to replenish the water at the edge of the crushed stone layer.

[0030] The construction method for the edge of the cement-stabilized crushed stone layer provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: The construction method for the edge of a cement-stabilized crushed stone layer includes the following steps: sprinkling water on the surface of the underlying layer, then using a paver to lay the cement-stabilized crushed stone layer. During the laying process, water from the water tank is sprayed onto the edge of the crushed stone layer through the outlet pipe; compaction is then carried out after laying.

[0031] Optionally, during the compaction process, a double-drum roller is used for one pass of steady compaction, followed by a 22t single-drum vibratory roller for one pass of weak vibration, two passes of strong vibration, and one pass of weak vibration. Finally, a 30t or larger rubber-tired roller is used for two passes of static compaction and one pass of static compaction with double drum rollers to eliminate wheel tracks.

[0032] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The water storage tank is connected to the paver through the installation mechanism. During the paving process, the water in the water storage tank is continuously sprayed onto the edge of the crushed stone layer through the water outlet pipe and nozzle to replenish water in time and reduce the loosening of the mixture due to insufficient moisture content at the edge of the crushed stone layer. 2. By setting up an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism, not only is a waterproof membrane used for rapid water replenishment during the paving process, but also a pressure control mechanism is used to control the pressure of the first sponge, pressing the first sponge against the wall of the receiving groove with the first through hole, and the water released by the first sponge enters the crushed stone layer through the first through hole. The water replenishment speed and amount of the first sponge can be controlled, which is mainly suitable for slow and continuous water replenishment in windy sand or high temperature environments. 3. By setting up a rotation control component, a connecting rope, and a second sponge, the degree of deformation of the second sponge can be controlled by controlling the winding degree of the connecting rope, so as to effectively absorb and squeeze water, reduce the evaporation and loss of water in the receiving tank, and at the same time, it can perform rapid or slow water squeezing according to different working conditions, and control the amount of water squeezed. 4. By combining microorganisms with the gravel layer, the biofilm produced by the microbial community can be used to lock in and release water, which can not only reduce water loss but also continuously and slowly release water for daily maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water replenishment device at the edge of the crushed stone layer in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water replenishment device at the edge of the crushed stone layer in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first sponge of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Embodiment 2 being covered.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first sponge of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Embodiment 2 being in a compressed state.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the cement composite embedded in the crushed stone layer of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Example 3.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism of Embodiment 3 in the retracted state.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Example 4.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a top view of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Example 4.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism in Example 5.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Side template; 10. Crushed stone layer; 101. Water storage tank; 102. Mounting frame; 103. Tank cover; 104. Sleeve; 105. Horizontal guide rod; 106. Vertical rod; 107. Locking fastener; 108. Water outlet pipe; 109. Sprinkler head; 110. Water outlet connector; 111. Water outlet valve; 112. Horizontal plate; 113. Wedge strip; 114. Angle steel; 115. Sliding sleeve; 11. Water guide plate; 12. Receiving groove; 13. First through hole; 14. Third through hole; 15. Partition plate; 16. 17. Second through hole; 18. First end; 19. Second end; 20. Turntable; 21. First sponge; 22. Second sponge; 23. Second porous microbial carrier; 24. Liquid inlet pipe; 31. Airbag; 32. Shell; 321. Fourth through hole; 33. Support rod; 34. Cement composite; 341. First porous microbial carrier; 35. Connecting rope; 36. Rubber insert; 37. Rotation control component; 51. Waterproof membrane; 52. Diaphragm; 53. First magnet; 54. Second magnet; 55. Third magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-10 This application will be described in further detail.

[0045] Embodiment 1 of this application discloses a water replenishment device for the edge of a crushed stone layer.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 The edge water replenishment equipment for the crushed stone layer includes an installation mechanism, a water storage tank 101, a water outlet pipe 108, and a position adjustment mechanism.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the installation mechanism is used to install the water storage tank 101 on the paver. The installation mechanism includes a horizontal plate 112, an installation frame 102, two wedge strips 113 and two angle steels 114. The horizontal plate 112 is horizontally arranged and is used to install on the paver. Preferably, the horizontal plate 112 can be installed on the rear plate of the paver.

[0048] The wedge-shaped strip 113 is set horizontally and vertically to the horizontal plate 112. The large end of the wedge-shaped strip 113 is fixed to the wide side of the horizontal plate 112, which can be fixed by welding or bolts. One surface of the angle steel 114 is fixedly connected to the side of the wedge-shaped strip 113 by bolts. The upper surface of the angle steel 114 abuts against the lower surface of the mounting frame 102, and the upper surface of the angle steel 114 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting frame 102 by bolts.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water storage tank 101 is placed inside the mounting frame 102. The upper part of the water storage tank 101 has a water inlet and a tank cover 103 for easy water filling. A water outlet connector 110 is provided on one side of the water storage tank 101. The water outlet connector 110 is equipped with a water outlet valve 111, which is used to control the water volume of the water outlet connector 110.

[0050] The position adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal guide rod 105, a vertical rod 106, and a locking fastener 107. The horizontal guide rod 105 is horizontally arranged and is horizontally slidably connected to the mounting frame 102. Specifically, the mounting frame 102 is fixed with a horizontally arranged sleeve 104. The length direction of the sleeve 104 is parallel to the length direction of the horizontal plate 112, and the horizontal guide rod 105 is slidably connected to the sleeve 104.

[0051] A sliding sleeve 115 is fixed on the horizontal guide rod 105. The vertical rod 106 is vertically arranged and vertically slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 115. The locking device 107 is used to fix and limit the vertical rod 106 and the sliding sleeve 115. Specifically, the locking device 107 can be a tightening bolt, which is bolted to the sliding sleeve 115. The tightening screw is used to press against the vertical rod 106.

[0052] The water outlet pipe 108 is a flexible hose. One end of the water outlet pipe 108 is connected to the water outlet connector 110, and the other end of the water outlet pipe 108 is equipped with a nozzle 109, which is fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod 106.

[0053] The water storage tank 101 is connected to the paver through the installation mechanism. During the paving process, the water in the water storage tank 101 is continuously sprayed onto the edge of the newly paved crushed stone layer 10 through the water outlet pipe 108 and the nozzle 109 to replenish water in time and reduce the loosening of the mixture due to insufficient moisture content at the edge of the crushed stone layer 10.

[0054] Furthermore, since the horizontal guide rod 105 indirectly controls the horizontal position of the nozzle 109, while the vertical rod 106 directly controls the height position of the nozzle 109, the position of the nozzle 109 can be adjusted to effectively replenish water to the edge of the gravel layer 10 in different locations.

[0055] Example 1 also discloses a method for constructing the edge of a cement-stabilized crushed stone layer, including the following steps: S1. Before paving, the underlying surface should be sprinkled with an appropriate amount of water to keep it moist.

[0056] S2. After the paver is in place, the position of the nozzle 109 is adjusted by the position adjustment mechanism to ensure that the nozzle 109 is facing the edge of the crushed stone layer 10 to be paved. Then, the paver is used to pave the cement-stabilized crushed stone. During this period, the water in the water tank 101 is continuously sprayed onto the edge of the crushed stone layer 10 through the water outlet pipe 108 and the nozzle 109 to replenish water in time and reduce the situation of loose mixture due to insufficient moisture content at the edge of the crushed stone layer 10.

[0057] During the paving process, the speed is 1.5m / min to 1.8m / min. When the cement-stabilized crushed stone layer 10 is first paved for 3 to 6 meters, the on-site technicians immediately check the elevation and cross slope of the paved surface. If it is qualified, the paving can continue.

[0058] Furthermore, every 10 meters the paver advances, the elevation of the top surface of the cement-stabilized crushed stone layer is checked at the same location as the top surface of the subgrade. The data is recorded, and the loose paving thickness and cross slope are calculated based on the previously measured elevation of the top surface of the underlying layer.

[0059] S3. During compaction, a double-drum roller is used for one pass of steady compaction. Then, a 22t single-drum vibratory roller is used for one pass of weak vibration, two passes of strong vibration, and one pass of weak vibration. Finally, a 30t or larger rubber-tired roller is used for two passes of static compaction and one pass of static compaction with double drum rollers to eliminate wheel tracks.

[0060] The sides of the road surface and the longitudinal joints of the paver should be vibrated (weakly vibrated) once more than the center of the road to ensure the compaction of the edges and joints. The final compaction should be done by static compaction twice with a rubber-tired roller of 30t or more and static compaction once with double steel wheels to eliminate wheel tracks.

[0061] During this period, the roller should compact the road from the outside to the inside, and the compaction strip should overlap by 1 / 2 of the roller width.

[0062] Furthermore, during the compaction process, the joints of each compaction section should be staggered into a step shape of 300-400cm laterally. Before the next compaction section begins, a double-drum roller should be used to compact the step-shaped section at an angle to reduce the swell problem between the two compaction sections and better ensure the flatness of the overall construction section.

[0063] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the edge water replenishment equipment for the crushed stone layer also includes an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism. The auxiliary water replenishment mechanism is mainly set on one side of the edge of the crushed stone layer 10 to provide targeted water replenishment under different working conditions such as paving, compaction and daily maintenance.

[0064] The auxiliary water replenishment mechanism includes a side template 1, a water guide plate 11, a first sponge 21, a waterproof membrane 51, and a pressure control component. The side template 1 is used to support the side of the crushed stone layer 10 so as to facilitate the formation of the crushed stone layer 10 after paving. The side template 1 can be fixed by means of diagonal bracing. The length direction of the side template 1 is the length direction of the road surface. The side template 1 is made of steel.

[0065] A receiving groove 12 is provided in the side template 1. The receiving groove 12 extends along the length of the side template 1. The receiving groove 12 has an upper opening and the bottom of the receiving groove 12 is inclined.

[0066] The wall of the receiving tank 12 near the crushed stone layer 10 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 13. The first through holes 13 are densely arranged, and the wall of the receiving tank 12 is covered with a first permeable geotextile (not shown in the figure). The first permeable geotextile covers at least the wall of the receiving tank 12 with the first through holes 13. The first permeable geotextile is mainly used to reduce the flow of the mixture in the crushed stone layer 10 into the receiving tank 12.

[0067] The water guide plate 11 is fixed at an angle to the upper opening of the receiving tank 12, and the water guide plate 11 is made of steel.

[0068] The first sponge 21 is designed to be elongated, with its length direction being the same as that of the side template 1. The first sponge 21 is located within the receiving groove 12, and its thickness gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0069] The waterproof membrane 51 is located in the area between the first sponge 21 and the groove wall of the receiving groove 12 with the first through hole 13, and the waterproof membrane 51 is set at an angle.

[0070] A first magnet 53 is provided on one side of the waterproof membrane 51. The first magnet 53 is magnetically connected to the bottom of the receiving groove 12. A second magnet 54 is provided on the other side of the waterproof membrane 51. The second magnet 54 is magnetically connected to the upper surface of the water guide plate 11. Therefore, the waterproof membrane 51 will cover the first sponge 21, and at the same time, the waterproof membrane 51 forms a drainage slope.

[0071] The upper surface of the waterproof membrane 51 is integrally formed with multiple vertically arranged diaphragms 52. The diaphragms 52 are located in the receiving groove 12, and a drainage cavity is formed between adjacent diaphragms 52. A third magnet 55 is provided on the side of the diaphragm 52 away from the waterproof membrane 51. The third magnet 55 is vertically arranged and magnetically connected to the groove wall of the receiving groove 12 with a first through hole 13.

[0072] The pressure control component is used to apply pressure to the side of the first sponge 21 away from the crushed stone layer 10. Specifically, the pressure control component includes an airbag 31, an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The airbag 31 is elongated and extends along the length of the side template 1. The airbag 31 is located in the receiving groove 12 and is located on the side of the first sponge 21 away from the waterproof membrane 51. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively connected to the two ends of the airbag 31 (not shown in the figure). The air inlet pipe is used to introduce high-pressure gas into the airbag 31, and the air outlet pipe is equipped with a switch valve (not shown in the figure) for deflating the airbag 31.

[0073] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: When the paver is paving, the airbag 31 is in a deflated state, and the waterproof membrane 51 covers the first sponge 21. Therefore, some of the water sprayed from the water outlet pipe 108 flows to the upper surface of the waterproof membrane 51 and flows along the inclined waterproof membrane 51 to the drainage cavity and seeps into the crushed stone layer 10 through the first through hole 13. In this way, the edge can be quickly replenished with water to ensure the moisture content of the edge in order to cope with the subsequent compaction construction.

[0074] Furthermore, the diaphragm 52 ensures that the water sprayed by the nozzle 109 moving with the paver can be intercepted by the corresponding drainage chamber at different locations, that is, water is only replenished to the edge of the crushed stone layer 10 corresponding to the drainage chamber, thereby improving the water replenishment efficiency and targeting.

[0075] When routine maintenance of the crushed stone layer 10 is required, first remove the waterproof membrane 51 to expose the first sponge 21. Water used for maintenance is then sprayed onto the first sponge 21. The first sponge 21 absorbs the water, activating the pressure control component. Figure 5 As shown, high-pressure gas is introduced into the airbag 31 through the air inlet pipe, causing the airbag 31 to expand. The surface of the airbag 31 presses against the side of the first sponge 21 away from the waterproof membrane 51, forcing the first sponge 21 to be squeezed against the wall of the receiving groove 12 with the first through hole 13. The water released by the first sponge 21 through the first through hole 13 enters the gravel layer 10 to achieve water replenishment. The amount and speed of high-pressure gas can be controlled. Therefore, by controlling the pressure, the water replenishment speed and amount of the first sponge 21 can be controlled, which is mainly suitable for slow and continuous water replenishment in windy, sandy or high-temperature environments.

[0076] After water replenishment is completed, the valve can be opened, and the gas in the airbag 31 is discharged through the air release pipe. At this time, there is residual air in the airbag 31. The airbag 31 has a certain elasticity, which makes the first sponge 21 close to the first permeable geotextile. This reduces the probability that the edge of the crushed stone layer 10 is in direct contact with the outside air, thereby reducing water loss. It also provides space for the first sponge 21 to absorb water in the future.

[0077] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the water replenishment equipment at the edge of the crushed stone layer also includes an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism.

[0078] The auxiliary water replenishment mechanism includes a side template 1 and a water guide plate 11. The side template 1 is used to support the side of the crushed stone layer 10 so as to facilitate the formation of the crushed stone layer 10 after paving. The side template 1 can be fixed by means of diagonal bracing. The length direction of the side template 1 is the length direction of the road surface.

[0079] A receiving groove 12 is provided inside the side template 1. The receiving groove 12 extends along the length direction of the side template 1. The receiving groove 12 has an upper opening. The water guide plate 11 is inclined and fixed to the upper opening of the receiving groove 12.

[0080] The wall of the receiving tank 12 near the crushed stone layer 10 has multiple third through holes 14. The third through holes 14 are rectangular and are spaced apart along the length of the side template 1. A housing 32 is slidably connected inside the third through hole 14 along the width of the side template 1. The side of the housing 32 facing the crushed stone layer 10 has a side opening. The upper surface of the housing 32 has a fourth through hole 321. The inner surface of the housing 32 is covered with a PET film (not shown in the figure).

[0081] A support rod 33 is hinged to the side of the shell 32 away from the gravel layer 10. Under normal conditions, one end of the support rod 33 abuts against the wall of the receiving groove 12 to limit the shell 32 and ensure that the shell 32 is in a deeper position in the third through hole 14.

[0082] The shell 32 is filled with a cement composite 34, which includes cement and a first porous microbial carrier 341, wherein the first porous microbial carrier 341 is attached with Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.

[0083] During paving, the shell 32 is moved toward the crushed stone layer 10 to squeeze the cement composite 34 into the initially set crushed stone layer 10, so that the cement composite 34 becomes part of the edge of the crushed stone layer 10. Then the shell 32 is pulled out from the third through hole 14 (due to the release effect of the PET film, the cement composite 34 will not be carried out by the pulled-out shell 32). At this time, the inner cavity of the shell 32 is connected to the outside air through the fourth through hole 321.

[0084] During the metabolism of microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria, a substance called "extracellular polymeric substance" (EPS) is secreted. This substance has strong viscosity and elasticity, which can tightly connect microorganisms together to form the framework of the biofilm. As EPS is continuously secreted and the number of microorganisms increases, the biofilm gradually becomes thicker and more stable, and the biofilm has a strong ability to retain and release water.

[0085] Specifically, because the EPS component of the biofilm has strong hydrophilicity, it can adsorb and lock in a large amount of water. This water is evenly distributed throughout the biofilm, providing a moist and constant living environment for microorganisms. At the same time, the dense structure of EPS can also effectively prevent water loss too quickly, ensuring the water balance inside the biofilm. Therefore, during the paving process or routine maintenance, the water sprayed by the nozzle 109 enters the shell 32 through the fourth through hole 321, and is then absorbed by the biofilm inside the edge of the gravel layer 10 through the third through hole 14 to lock in the water and reduce the evaporation and loss of water inside the shell 32.

[0086] Secondly, when the external environment becomes dry or microorganisms need water for metabolic activities, the biofilm will activate its water release mechanism. The biofilm can slowly and continuously release the stored water to provide a certain amount of water supply to the external environment, that is, it can slowly replenish the edges of the gravel layer for daily maintenance.

[0087] The preferred microorganisms are Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria. Among them, Bacillus subtilis has a strong decomposition and transformation capacity. It can promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter by secreting a variety of enzymes, thereby providing abundant nutrients and moisture to the gravel layer 10. At the same time, Bacillus subtilis can also form a biofilm, effectively locking in moisture and achieving a long-term water replenishment effect.

[0088] Lactic acid bacteria have a strong ability to produce acid. By producing lactic acid and other organic acids, they can lower the pH of the environment, thus creating a more favorable environment for the growth of other beneficial microorganisms. In addition, lactic acid bacteria can promote the production of EPS (extracellular polymeric substances), enhance the stability of biofilms, and further lock in moisture.

[0089] Nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen. Their metabolic activities provide nutrients for the gravel layer 10. They can also work together with other microorganisms to build a stable biofilm structure, achieving long-term water retention and replenishment effects.

[0090] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that, as Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the water replenishment equipment at the edge of the crushed stone layer also includes an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism.

[0091] The auxiliary water replenishment mechanism includes a side template 1, a water guide plate 11, a second sponge 22, and a rotation control component 37. The side template 1 is used to support the side of the crushed stone layer 10 so as to facilitate the formation of the crushed stone layer 10 after paving. The side template 1 can be fixed by means of diagonal bracing. The length direction of the side template 1 is the length direction of the road surface. The side template 1 has a first end 17 and a second end 18.

[0092] A receiving groove 12 is provided inside the side template 1. The receiving groove 12 extends along the length direction of the side template 1. The receiving groove 12 has an upper opening. The water guide plate 11 is inclined and fixed to the upper opening of the receiving groove 12.

[0093] The wall of the receiving trough 12 near the crushed stone layer 10 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 16. The second through holes 16 are elongated and extend along the length of the side template 1. The second through holes 16 are arranged vertically at intervals. A plurality of vertically arranged partitions 15 are fixed inside the receiving trough 12. The partitions 15 are arranged at intervals along the length of the side template 1, and the partitions 15 divide the receiving trough 12 into a plurality of chambers.

[0094] The second sponge 22 is in the shape of a round strip. The axis of the second sponge 22 is the length direction of the side template 1. The second sponge 22 passes through the perforation opened in the partition 15. Each second sponge 22 is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the second through hole 16. The outer periphery of the second sponge 22 is covered with a ring of second permeable geotextile (not shown in the figure).

[0095] The outer circumferential surfaces of adjacent second sponges 22 abut against each other. Multiple connecting ropes 35 are axially threaded through the second sponges 22. Each connecting rope 35 is evenly arranged along the circumference of the second sponge 22. Multiple rubber inserts 36 are slidably fitted on the connecting ropes 35. That is, the rubber inserts 36 are located inside the second sponges 22, and each rubber insert 36 is spaced apart along the length of the connecting rope 35. The rubber inserts 36 are mainly used to increase the force application area of ​​the connecting ropes 35 on the second sponges 22.

[0096] One end of each connecting rope 35 corresponding to the second sponge 22 is fixedly connected to the first end 17, and the other end of each connecting rope 35 corresponding to the second sponge 22 is fixed to a turntable 19. The turntable 19 is coaxially arranged with the second sponge 22, and the turntable 19 is rotatably connected to the second end 18.

[0097] The rotation control component 37 is used to control the rotation speed and number of rotations of the turntable 19. The rotation control component 37 can be a motor that directly drives the turntable 19 to rotate, or it can be a combination of a motor and a gear set.

[0098] When the paver is paving, the rotation control component 37 first drives the turntable 19 to rotate in the forward direction, causing the connecting ropes 35 to wrap around each other. As the wrapped parts of the connecting ropes 35 move towards the axis of the second sponge 22, the connecting ropes 35 will drive the second sponge 22 to twist and compress through the rubber insert 36, reducing the diameter of the second sponge 22 and making the second sponge 22 in a tightly twisted state. At this time, the second sponge 22 moves away from the second through hole 16, and the second through hole 16 is exposed. The water sprayed from the water outlet pipe 108 flows into the receiving tank 12 and enters the edge of the crushed stone layer 10 through the second through hole 16, thereby realizing rapid water replenishment at the edge.

[0099] Then, rotating the control component 37 drives the turntable 19 to rotate in the opposite direction, the connecting rope 35 is untangled, and the connecting rope 35 moves away from the axis of the second sponge 22 to force the second sponge 22 to recover its deformation. The diameter of the second sponge 22 increases. At this time, the second sponge 22 is in a non-deformed state. The second sponge 22 with increased diameter quickly absorbs the water in the receiving tank 12, reduces the water loss in the receiving tank 12, and stores water for subsequent squeezing.

[0100] Before compaction, the rotation control component 37 drives the turntable 19 to rotate in the forward direction, the connecting rope 35 winds around, and drives the second sponge 22 to twist and compress and deform. The diameter of the second sponge 22 decreases, exposing the second through hole 16. The water in the receiving groove 12 and the water squeezed out by the second sponge 22 enter the crushed stone layer 10 through the second through hole 16, and the water is quickly replenished again.

[0101] When routine watering maintenance is required, the control component 37 first drives the turntable 19 to rotate rapidly in the forward direction, so that the second sponge 22 is in a tightly twisted state. Then, some of the water used for watering maintenance is splashed onto the second sponge 22. Then, the control component 37 drives the turntable 19 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the second sponge 22 changes from a tightly twisted state to a non-deformed state. The diameter of the second sponge 22 increases to absorb water quickly. Then, the control component 37 drives the turntable 19 to rotate slowly in the forward direction, causing the second sponge 22 to twist, compress, deform, and squeeze out water, so as to control the amount and speed of water squeezed out, thereby controlling the amount and speed of water replenishment to the crushed stone layer 10.

[0102] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 4 is that, as Figure 10 As shown, the second sponge 22 is embedded with a second porous microbial carrier 23, which is covered with Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. The microbial colonies formed by Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria can generate a stable biofilm to lock in and release water.

[0103] Meanwhile, the side template 1 is equipped with a liquid inlet pipe 24, which is used to discharge microbial nutrient solution and water into the receiving tank 12. The microbial nutrient solution can supplement nutrients for microorganisms and strengthen the biofilm.

[0104] If more water needs to be released, or if the water-locking mechanism of the biofilm is not needed temporarily, i.e., if rapid water replenishment is needed temporarily, the second sponge 22 can be rotated and twisted at high intensity by rotating the control component 37. This is equivalent to kneading the second porous microbial carrier 23 at high intensity. This method will destroy the stability of the biofilm to a certain extent, so as to release more water. At the same time, the water-locking mechanism of the biofilm will fail, and external water can enter the edge of the gravel layer 10 relatively quickly.

[0105] Moreover, once the biofilm is damaged, the microorganisms will further increase their metabolic rate and biofilm production to facilitate subsequent water retention preparation.

[0106] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A water supply device for the edge of a crushed stone layer, characterized in that: The system includes an installation mechanism, a water tank (101), a water outlet pipe (108), a position adjustment mechanism, and an auxiliary water replenishment mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to install the water tank (101) onto the paver. The water tank (101) is equipped with a water outlet connector (110), and the water outlet connector (110) is equipped with a water outlet valve (111). The position adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal guide rod (105), a vertical rod (106), and a locking device (107). The horizontal guide rod (105) is horizontally set and is horizontally slidably connected to the installation mechanism. A sliding sleeve (115) is fixed on the horizontal guide rod (105). The vertical rod (106) is vertically set and is connected to the sliding sleeve. (115) Vertical sliding connection, the locking fastener (107) is used to fix and limit the vertical rod (106) and the sliding sleeve (115); the water outlet pipe (108) is a flexible hose, one end of the water outlet pipe (108) is connected to the water outlet connector (110), and the other end of the water outlet pipe (108) is provided with a nozzle (109) and fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod (106); the auxiliary water replenishment mechanism includes a side template (1), a water guide plate (11), a first sponge (21), a waterproof membrane (51) and a pressure control component, wherein the side template (1) is used to support the side of the gravel layer (10), and a receiving groove (12) is opened in the side template (1), and the receiving groove (12) is along the side template. The plate (1) extends along its length, and the receiving trough (12) has an upper opening. The wall of the receiving trough (12) near the gravel layer (10) is provided with multiple first through holes (13), and the wall of the receiving trough (12) is covered with a first permeable geotextile. The water guide plate (11) is fixed at an incline to the upper opening of the receiving trough (12). The first sponge (21) is located inside the receiving trough (12), and the waterproof membrane (51) is located in the area between the first sponge (21) and the wall of the receiving trough (12) with the first through holes (13). The waterproof membrane (51) is set at an incline. A first magnet (53) is provided on one side of the waterproof membrane (51), and the first magnet (53) is magnetically attracted to the bottom of the receiving trough (12). The waterproof membrane (51) covers the first sponge (21), and a second magnet (54) is provided on the other side of the waterproof membrane (51). The second magnet (54) is magnetically connected to the upper surface of the water guide plate (11). Multiple vertically arranged diaphragms (52) are integrally formed on the upper surface of the waterproof membrane (51). The diaphragms (52) are located in the receiving groove (12). A drainage cavity is formed between adjacent diaphragms (52). A third magnet (55) is provided on one side of the diaphragm (52). The third magnet (55) is magnetically connected to the groove wall of the receiving groove (12) with a first through hole (13). The pressure control component is used to apply pressure to the side of the first sponge (21) away from the gravel layer (10).

2. The gravel layer edge water replenishment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation mechanism includes a horizontal plate (112), an installation frame (102), two wedge strips (113), and two angle steels (114). The horizontal plate (112) is horizontally arranged and is used to install on the paver. The wedge strips (113) are vertically arranged with the horizontal plate (112) in the horizontal plane. The large end of the wedge strip (113) is fixed to the wide side of the horizontal plate (112). One surface of the angle steel (114) is fixedly connected to the side of the wedge strip (113). The upper surface of the angle steel (114) abuts against the lower surface of the installation frame (102), and the upper surface of the angle steel (114) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the installation frame (102). The water tank (101) is placed inside the installation frame (102).

3. The edge water replenishment device for the crushed stone layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure control assembly includes an airbag (31), an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The airbag (31) is elongated and extends along the length of the side template (1). The airbag (31) is located on the side of the first sponge (21) away from the waterproof membrane (51). The air inlet pipe is used to introduce high-pressure gas into the airbag (31). The air outlet pipe is equipped with a switch valve and is used to release air from the airbag (31).

4. The gravel layer edge water replenishment device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the receiving groove (12) is inclined, and the thickness of the first sponge (21) gradually increases from top to bottom.

5. A method for constructing the edge of a cement-stabilized crushed stone layer using a water replenishment device for the edge of a crushed stone layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The surface of the underlying layer is sprayed with water, and then the cement-stabilized crushed stone layer (10) is laid using a paver. During the paving process, water in the water tank (101) is sprayed onto the edge of the crushed stone layer (10) through the water outlet pipe (108); after paving, it is compacted.

6. The method for constructing the edge of a cement-stabilized crushed stone layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the compaction process, a double-drum roller is used for one pass of steady compaction, followed by a 22t single-drum vibratory roller for one pass of weak vibration, two passes of strong vibration, and one pass of weak vibration. Finally, a 30t or larger rubber-tired roller is used for two passes of static compaction and one pass of static compaction with double drum rollers to eliminate wheel tracks.

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