An automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas, comprising a housing, an interior of which forms a receiving chamber with an open top; a wet precipitation collection mechanism located within the receiving chamber; a dry precipitation collection mechanism comprising a dry precipitation collection chamber located at the top of the housing and above the wet precipitation collection mechanism; a waterwheel located at one side of the bottom of the receiving chamber, a rotating portion II connected to the waterwheel, the rotating portion II driving the dry precipitation collection chamber to rotate via a connecting rod, exposing the wet precipitation collection mechanism below, the waterwheel receiving rainwater from above as rotational power; a cover located above the dry precipitation collection chamber, the top of which forms a rainwater collection area and is connected to a water hose I, the outlet of which corresponds to the waterwheel; and the opening and closing of the cover is controlled by a control system. The waterwheel converts the gravitational potential energy of rainwater into kinetic energy, thereby achieving power-free rotation of the dry precipitation sampling mechanism. Two power supply modes are adopted, enabling use anywhere in arid areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring equipment, and more particularly to an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Dry and wet airborne precipitation is a key monitoring item stipulated in environmental monitoring regulations and standards. Field precipitation collection is a key step in achieving amplified air pollutant measurements. Atmospheric dustfall refers to fine particulate matter that naturally settles under gravity and in a humid environment. Particle size is generally larger than 10 μm and can be divided into two types: dry and wet deposition. Dry deposition is the process by which particles suspended in the atmosphere settle at their own terminal velocity. Wet deposition is the process by which particles suspended in the atmosphere settle due to precipitation impact.

[0003] Due to the arid region's unique geographical location and environment, its climate is characterized by: sudden spring temperature rises, droughts, little rain, and frequent strong winds; short, warm summers with concentrated precipitation; sharp autumn temperature drops and early frosts; and long, cold winters with frequent cold snaps. Arid regions experience significant wind-blown sand transport, with frequent blowing sand and sandstorms. Rainfall is relatively low, and evaporation is high. Influenced by local climatic and environmental characteristics, dry and wet deposition exhibit distinct regional distribution patterns.

[0004] Existing atmospheric dust collection devices on the market are generally simple in structure, but have a low degree of automation and many practical drawbacks: weather, seasonal changes, and the surrounding environment in arid regions can affect dust collection, resulting in inaccurate dust monitoring results. Currently, there are also some dry and wet dust samplers on the market, some of which can realize automatic sample collection, but in actual use, there are still problems: low automation, difficulty in adapting to the climate characteristics of arid areas, and high power consumption of automatic control equipment.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas with good collection effect, strong reliability, simple operation, low cost and easy maintenance is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art at least to a certain extent.

[0007] Therefore, one purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas to solve the problem of high power consumption of existing equipment.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic dry and wet sedimentation sampler that is adapted to the climatic characteristics of arid areas.

[0009] The present invention provides an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas, comprising:

[0010] A housing, wherein a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing and the top is open;

[0011] a wet deposition collection mechanism, the wet deposition collection mechanism being located in the accommodating cavity;

[0012] A dry precipitation collection mechanism, comprising a dry precipitation collection chamber, a connecting rod, a rotating portion II, and a waterwheel. The dry precipitation collection chamber is located at the top of the housing and above the wet precipitation collection mechanism. The waterwheel is located on one side of the bottom of the accommodating chamber. The rotating portion II is connected to the waterwheel. The rotating portion II drives the dry precipitation collection chamber to rotate via the connecting rod to expose the wet precipitation collection mechanism below. The waterwheel receives rainwater from above as rotational power.

[0013] a cover plate, the cover plate being openable and closable and being located on the upper portion of the dry sedimentation collection chamber, the top of which forms an area for collecting rainwater and is connected to a water hose I, the outlet of which corresponds to the water truck;

[0014] A control system is provided, wherein the opening and closing of the cover is controlled by the control system.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating part II is a first bevel tooth, and the end of the waterwheel has a second bevel tooth that meshes and transmits with the first bevel tooth.

[0016] Furthermore, a circular track is provided on the outer wall of the shell, a base I is rotatable on the track, a solar panel is provided on the base I, the solar panel is connected to the battery in the accommodating cavity, a snow scraper is provided on the solar panel, and the battery, the solar panel and the snow scraper are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0017] Furthermore, the base I also has a wind turbine arranged staggered with the solar panel, and the bottom of the wind turbine has a rotating part I, and the rotating part I is the third bevel gear, which is driven to rotate by the motor II and the fourth bevel gear. The motor II and the wind turbine are both electrically connected to the control system.

[0018] Furthermore, an integrated wind speed and direction sensor is provided on the housing, and the integrated wind speed and direction sensor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0019] Furthermore, the waterwheel is located on the base II, and a waste liquid tank for collecting rainwater is provided below the waterwheel. The waste liquid tank is connected to the outside, and a filter screen II is provided at the connection point.

[0020] Furthermore, a blocking rod II is provided on the connecting rod, and a blocking rod I is provided on the housing for blocking the blocking rod II.

[0021] Furthermore, the wet deposition collection mechanism includes:

[0022] A wet sedimentation bin fixed in the accommodating chamber, having a filter screen I on the top and a heating device electrically connected to the control system on the bottom, and a plurality of water seepage holes on both sides of the bottom of the wet sedimentation bin;

[0023] A water pipeline, each of the water seepage holes corresponds to a water pipeline;

[0024] A wet sedimentation filter unit is provided on each of the water delivery pipes;

[0025] A wet sedimentation sampling chamber is provided below the water delivery pipeline for collecting filtered water. A water delivery hose II is connected to the wet sedimentation sampling chamber, and the water outlet of the water delivery hose II faces the water truck.

[0026] The water hose II is connected to the inner wall of the shell opposite to the water wheel through a retractable fixing rod II; the water hose I is connected to the inner wall of the shell opposite to the water wheel through a retractable fixing rod I; a rain sensor and a temperature sensor electrically connected to the control system are provided on the shell.

[0027] Furthermore, each of the wet sedimentation filter sections comprises:

[0028] Filter paper box collection bins, two of which are located on both sides of the water pipeline and are both connected to the transverse channel of the water pipeline. The first filter paper box collection bin contains a plurality of filter paper boxes that can fall by gravity, and the second filter paper box collection bin is used to collect the filter paper boxes after filtering rainwater in the water pipeline;

[0029] The pushing part is located on one side of the transverse channel of the water supply pipeline, and can laterally push the filter paper box that has moved downward in the first filter paper box collection bin into the transverse channel of the water supply pipeline for filtration; and push the filtered filter paper box into the second filter paper box collection bin for collection.

[0030] Furthermore, the pushing portion includes:

[0031] A pushing channel, the pushing channel being in communication with the transverse channel of the water delivery pipeline and being located on one side of the first filter paper box collecting bin;

[0032] Motor III, the pushing channel is fixed with motor III, the motor III drives the power gear to rotate, and the motor III is electrically connected to the control system;

[0033] A rack is provided in the pushing channel to cooperate with the power gear, and a power rod is provided at the end of the rack near the first filter paper box collecting bin, and the rack drives the power rod to move linearly along the pushing channel;

[0034] Blocking column III: A blocking column III is provided at a predetermined position on the rack, and the blocking column III is a soft rubber part.

[0035] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present invention converts the gravitational potential energy of rainwater into kinetic energy through a waterwheel, thereby realizing the rotation of the dry precipitation sampling device without power consumption, thus saving a considerable amount of electricity.

[0037] The present invention uses both solar and wind power supply modes for power supply and can be used anywhere in arid areas with high security;

[0038] The present invention consumes little power during the automated sampling process, has low subsequent maintenance costs, and is simple to maintain;

[0039] The present invention adjusts the positions of solar panels and wind turbines through a control system according to changes in wind direction, wind speed and the position of the sun, thus achieving high security of power storage and supply.

[0040] The present invention meets the use requirements in harsh environments such as arid areas with high winds and low temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the dry deposition collection mechanism is shown;

[0044] Figure 3A The schematic diagram of the structure of the wet sedimentation filter section is shown;

[0045] Figure 3B The schematic diagram of the structure of the pushing part is shown;

[0046] Figure 4 The structural diagram of base I is shown;

[0047] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the wind turbine and its rotating part I is shown;

[0048] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the connection structure of the waterwheel and the rotating rod is shown;

[0049] Figure 7 This is the working flow diagram of the control system;

[0050] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall electrical connection of the present invention;

[0051] Description of reference numerals:

[0052] 1. Cover plate; 2. Bearing; 3. Motor I; 4. Blocking column I; 5. Filter I; 6. Blocking column II; 7. Dry precipitation collection chamber; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Rain sensor; 10. Side door; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Heating device; 13. Seepage hole; 14. Water pipeline; 15. Wet precipitation filter; 16. Water hose I; 17. Integrated wind speed and direction sensor; 18. Wet precipitation collection chamber; 19. Water hose II; 20. Snow scraper; 21. Solar panel; 22 .Battery; 23. Motor II; 24. Wind turbine; 25. Rotating part I; 26. Base I; 27. Retractable fixed rod I; 28. Control system; 29. Track; 30. Retractable fixed rod II; 31. Base II; 32. Rotating part II; 33. Waste liquid tank; 34. Waterwheel; 35. Filter screen II; 36. Power rod; 37. Blocking column III; 38. Power gear; 39. Motor III; 40. Filter paper box; 41. Filter paper box collection bin; 42. Motor IV; 43. Roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0054] Since the atmospheric dust collection devices in the prior art are generally simple in structure and have a low degree of automation, they are difficult to adapt to the climatic characteristics of arid areas and the automatic control equipment consumes a lot of power.

[0055] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas, see the attached Figure 1 ,include:

[0056] A housing, wherein a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing and the top is open;

[0057] a wet deposition collection mechanism, the wet deposition collection mechanism being located in the accommodating cavity;

[0058] A dry precipitation collection mechanism includes a dry precipitation collection chamber 7, a connecting rod 8, a rotating portion II 32, and a waterwheel 34. The dry precipitation collection chamber 7 is located at the top of the housing and above the wet precipitation collection mechanism. The waterwheel 34 is located on one side of the bottom of the accommodating chamber. The rotating portion II 32 is connected to the waterwheel 34. The rotating portion II 32 drives the dry precipitation collection chamber 7 to rotate through the connecting rod 8 and expose the wet precipitation collection mechanism below. The waterwheel 34 receives rainwater from above as rotational power.

[0059] A cover plate 1, which is openable and closable and is located above the dry precipitation collection chamber 7. The top of the cover plate forms an area for collecting rainwater and is connected to a water hose I 16. The water outlet of the water hose I 16 corresponds to the water wheel 34.

[0060] A control system 28 is provided, and the opening and closing of the cover plate 1 is controlled by the control system 28 .

[0061] The control system 28 used in the embodiment of the present invention can be a PLC controller, and the PLC model can be Gongbei GPU222XP-R. PLC (programmable logic controller) is a type of programmable memory used to store programs internally, execute user-oriented instructions such as logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting and arithmetic operations, and control various types of machinery or production processes through digital or analog input / output.

[0062] In the present invention, the cover plate 1 can be connected to the dry precipitation collection chamber 7 via the bearing 2. The cover plate 2 is opened and closed under the drive of the motor I3, and the motor I3 is electrically connected to the control system 28. The enclosed space formed by the top depression of the cover plate 1 and the side walls can collect rainwater. The collected rainwater flows to one side of the waterwheel 34 through the water hose I16. The waterwheel 34 converts the gravitational potential energy of the rainwater into kinetic energy. Through its own rotation, it drives the operation of the rotating part II32, and then drives the rotation of the connecting rod 8. When rainfall begins, the rotation of the dry precipitation collection chamber 7 is completed. See the attached figure. Figure 6 A retractable fixing rod I 27 is provided at the lower portion of the water hose I 16 , ensuring that the lower portion of the water hose I 16 is always located directly above one side of the waterwheel 34 .

[0063] The present invention converts the gravitational potential energy of rainwater into kinetic energy through a waterwheel, thereby realizing the rotation of the dry sedimentation sampling mechanism without power consumption and saving electricity.

[0064] See attached Figure 6In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rotating portion II 32 is a first bevel gear, and the end of the water wheel 34 has a second bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear for transmission.

[0065] Advantageously, the waterwheel 34 is located on the base II 31, with a waste liquid tank 33 for collecting rainwater below it. The waste liquid tank 33 is connected to the outside and a filter II 35 is installed at the connection point. After the waterwheel 34 is driven to rotate, the rainwater is collected by the waste liquid tank 33 and discharged outside the sampler.

[0066] See attached Figure 2 The connecting rod 8 is laterally provided with a blocking rod II 6, and the housing is vertically provided with a blocking rod I 4 that blocks the blocking rod II 6. When the dry deposition sampling chamber 7 is rotated to 180 degrees, the blocking rod II 6 is restrained by the blocking rod I 4, and the connecting rod 8 stops rotating. This position just exposes the wet deposition collection mechanism below.

[0067] See attached Figure 1 In other embodiments of the present invention, a circular track 29 is provided on the outer wall of the shell, a base I 26 is rotatable on the track 29, a solar panel 21 is provided on the base I 26, the solar panel 21 is connected to the battery 22 in the accommodating cavity, the solar panel 21 has a snow scraper 20, and the battery 22, the solar panel 21, and the snow scraper 20 are all electrically connected to the control system 28.

[0068] See attached Figure 4 In an embodiment of the present invention, the base I 26 is arranged outside the sampler, under the side door 10 of the sampler, and is connected to the outer shell through a roller 43; the track 29 is located on one side of the base I 26, and the roller 43 is distributed on the track 29. A motor IV 42 is provided on the side of the roller 43, and the motor IV 42 is electrically connected to the control system; at regular intervals, the PLC controller will send a driving signal to the motor IV 42, and the motor IV 42 will drive the roller to rotate, thereby driving the base I 26 to rotate around the outer shell of the sampler. During the rotation process, the PLC controller evaluates the power generation efficiency of the solar panel 21 according to the program stored in advance, and finds the place with the highest power generation efficiency; at this time, the PLC controller will send a stop signal to the motor IV 42, and control the base I 26 to stop at the place where the solar panel 21 has the highest power generation efficiency.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0070] More advantageously, based on the above embodiment, see the attached Figure 5 The base I 26 also has a wind turbine 24 arranged staggered with the solar panel 21. The bottom of the wind turbine 24 has a rotating part I 25. The rotating part I 25 is a third bevel gear, which is driven to rotate by the motor II 23 and the fourth bevel gear. The motor II 23 and the wind turbine 24 are both electrically connected to the control system 28.

[0071] Advantageously, an integrated wind speed and direction sensor 17 is provided on the housing, and the integrated wind speed and direction sensor 17 is electrically connected to the control system 28 .

[0072] The battery 22 can be arranged under the wet deposition collection mechanism (wet deposition sampling chamber 18 ). The solar panel 21 and the wind turbine 24 store electrical energy in the battery 22 .

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0074] In other embodiments of the present invention, see the attached Figure 1 and 3, the wet deposition collection mechanism comprises:

[0075] A wet sedimentation chamber is fixed in the accommodating chamber, has a filter screen Ⅰ5 on the top, has a heating device 12 on the bottom that is electrically connected to the control system 28, and has multiple water seepage holes 13 on both sides of the bottom of the wet sedimentation chamber;

[0076] A water pipeline 14, each of the water seepage holes 13 corresponds to a water pipeline 14;

[0077] A wet sedimentation filter unit 15 is provided on each of the water delivery pipes 14;

[0078] A wet sedimentation sampling chamber 18 is provided below the water delivery pipe 14 for collecting filtered water. A water delivery hose II 19 is connected to the wet sedimentation sampling chamber 18 , and the water outlet of the water delivery hose II 19 faces the water truck 34 .

[0079] The water hose II 19 is connected to the inner wall of the shell relative to the water wheel 34 through a retractable fixing rod II 30; the water hose I 16 is connected to the inner wall of the shell relative to the water wheel 34 through a retractable fixing rod I 27; the shell is provided with a rain sensor 9 and a temperature sensor 11 electrically connected to the control system 28.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, telescopic fixed rod I 27 and telescopic fixed rod II 30 may be electrically powered telescopic rods electrically connected to the control system 28. The extended ends of the telescopic rods are secured to the water delivery end of water hose II 19 or water hose I 16. Movement of the telescopic rods can move the outlet of the water delivery hose toward or away from the waterwheel.

[0081] Figure 6 In FIG, the connection position of the telescopic fixing rod I 27 and the telescopic fixing rod II 30 is marked, and preferably the telescopic fixing rod I 27 and the telescopic fixing rod II 30 are close to the water outlet end of the water pipe.

[0082] When the rain sensor 9 detects the start of rain or snowfall, the rain sensor 9 feeds back the signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller transmits the start signal to the retractable rod Ⅰ27. The retractable rod Ⅰ27 moves the outlet of the water hose Ⅰ16 to the top of the water wheel 34. The rainwater starts to drive the water wheel 34 to rotate, driving the operation of the rotating part Ⅱ32, and then driving the rotation of the connecting rod 8 to complete the rotation of the dry sedimentation collection chamber 7. When the rain sensor 9 detects that the rain or snowfall has ended, the rain sensor 9 feeds back the signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller transmits the start signal to the retractable rod Ⅱ30. The retractable rod Ⅱ30 moves the outlet of the water hose Ⅱ19 to the other side above the water wheel 34. At the same time, the PLC controller transmits the start signal to the retractable rod Ⅰ27. The retractable rod Ⅰ27 moves the outlet of the water hose Ⅰ16 to the top of the waste liquid tank 33 and away from the water wheel 34. The rain starts to drive the water wheel 34 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the operation of the rotating part Ⅱ32, and then driving the rotation of the connecting rod 8, completing the reverse rotation of the dry sedimentation collection chamber 7, so that the dry sedimentation collection chamber 7 returns to its original position.

[0083] The wet sedimentation chamber and the wet sedimentation sampling chamber 18 are located at the bottom of the dry sedimentation collection chamber 7 and are divided into two parts, the upper wet sedimentation chamber collects rainwater, and the lower sampling chamber collects filtered wastewater; the upper wet sedimentation chamber is divided into two parts, the outer part is mainly the sampling chamber shell, which plays a role in protecting samples, and the inner part mainly plays a role in storing samples.

[0084] See attached Figure 3A Each of the wet sedimentation filter sections 15 comprises:

[0085] Filter paper box collection bins 41, two of which are located on both sides of the water pipe 14 and are both connected to the transverse channel of the water pipe 14. The first filter paper box collection bin 41 contains a plurality of filter paper boxes 40 that can fall by gravity. The second filter paper box collection bin 41 is used to collect the filter paper boxes 40 after filtering rainwater in the water pipe 14;

[0086] The pushing part is located on one side of the transverse channel of the water supply pipe 14, and can laterally push the filter paper box 40 that moves downward in the first filter paper box collection bin 41 into the transverse channel of the water supply pipe 14 for filtration; and push the filtered filter paper box 40 into the second filter paper box collection bin 41 for collection.

[0087] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0088] In the specific embodiment, see the attached Figure 3B , the pushing portion includes:

[0089] A pushing channel, the pushing channel being in communication with the transverse channel of the water delivery pipe 14 and being located on one side of the first filter paper box collecting chamber 41;

[0090] Motor III 39 : A motor III 39 is fixed in the pushing channel. The motor III 39 drives the power gear 38 to rotate. The motor III 39 is electrically connected to the control system 28 ;

[0091] Rack, the pushing channel has a rack that cooperates with the power gear 38, and the end of the rack is provided with a power rod 36 near the first filter paper box collecting bin 41, and the rack drives the power rod 36 to move linearly along the pushing channel;

[0092] A blocking column III 37 is provided at a predetermined position on the rack, and the blocking column III 37 is a soft rubber part.

[0093] In the present invention, the rain sensor 9, temperature sensor 11, and integrated wind speed and direction sensor 17 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller. The rain sensor 9 is located on the side of the sampler housing, with the temperature sensor 11 located below it. The integrated wind speed and direction sensor 17 is located below the temperature sensor 11. The PLC controller is located below the battery 22.

[0094] See attached Figure 7 and 8 When the rain sensor 9 detects rain or snow, it feeds the signal back to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller transmits the start signal to the motor I3, which drives the cover to fall.

[0095] When the dry precipitation collection chamber 7 rotates to one side, wet precipitation collection begins; the collected rainwater flows out of the upper wet precipitation chamber through the seepage hole 13 and enters the water pipe 14. The wet precipitation filter 15 distributed on both sides of the water pipe 14 will filter the rainwater; when the rainwater sensor 9 detects the beginning of rain or snowfall, the rainwater sensor 9 feeds back the signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller transmits the start signal to the motor III 39.

[0096] The motor III 39 drives the power gear 38 to rotate. The power rod 36 is driven by the power gear 38 to push the filter paper box 40 to move toward the water pipe 14. When it reaches the predetermined position, the blocking column III 37 meets the power gear 38 and prevents the power gear 38 from rotating. The stopping of the power gear 38 will increase the operating power of the motor III 39. After this signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, the PLC controller sends a stop signal to the motor III 39, and the motor III 39 stops running. When the predetermined filtration time of a piece of filter paper is reached, the PLC controller transmits a start signal to the motor III 39, and the motor III 39 drives the power gear 38 to rotate. The blocking column III 37 is made of soft rubber. When the motor III 39 increases the operating power, the power gear 38 will reel in and pass the blocking column III 37. Driven by the power gear 38, the power rod 36 pushes the filter paper box 40 to move toward the second filter paper box collection bin 41. When it reaches the predetermined position, the blocking column III 37 meets the power gear 38 and prevents the power gear 38 from rotating. The stop of the power gear 38 will increase the operating power of the motor III 39. After this signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, the PLC controller sends a reverse operation signal to the motor III 39, and the power rod 36 is retracted. When the rack moves away from the motor III 39 and contacts the side wall of the push channel ( Figure 3BThe middle rack length is for illustration only and can be increased. Specifically, when motor III 39 approaches power rod 36, the other end of the rack contacts the sidewall of the push channel, increasing the operating power of motor III 39. This signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, which then sends a reverse operation signal to motor III 39. Simultaneously, gravity forces the next filter paper box 40 to fall from the first left filter paper collection bin 41. Driven by power rod 36 driven by motor III 39, it reaches water pipe 14. This repetitive cycle ensures high-quality and efficient wet sediment collection.

[0097] When the rain sensor 9 detects snowfall, it feeds this information back to the PLC controller, which in turn sends a start signal to the snow scraper 20, causing it to operate at a constant speed to clear the snow from the solar panel 21. When the rain sensor 9 detects the end of snowfall, it feeds this information back to the PLC controller, which in turn sends a shut-down signal to the snow scraper 20, causing it to cease operation. The temperature sensor 11 continuously monitors temperature changes in the sensor's surroundings and transmits this information to the PLC controller. When the temperature falls below a set minimum, the PLC controller sends a start signal to the heating device 12, which then heats the bottom of the upper inner chamber of the wet precipitation collection chamber 18 to the set temperature. Simultaneously, the heating device 12 located above the rain sensor 9 also starts, ensuring stable operation of the rain sensor 9. The integrated wind speed and direction sensor 17 will continuously monitor the wind speed and direction and transmit the signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller will send a start or stop signal to the motor II 23 according to the program stored in advance, and rotate the wind turbine 24 through the rotating device I 25 so that it is always in the position with the highest power generation efficiency.

[0098] When the rain sensor 9 detects the end of rain or snowfall, it feeds a signal back to the PLC controller, which then transmits a start signal to the telescopic rod I 27 and the telescopic rod II 30. Telescopic rod I 27 moves the outlet of the water hose I 16 above the waste liquid tank 33, and telescopic rod II 30 moves the outlet of the water hose II 19 above the other side of the waterwheel 34. The rainwater then drives the waterwheel 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotation of the rotating part II 32, which in turn drives the rotation of the connecting rod 8, completing the rotation of the dry sedimentation collection chamber 7. When the rain sensor 9 detects the end of rain or snowfall, it feeds a signal back to the PLC controller, which then transmits a start signal to the motor I 3, which drives the cover plate 1 to rise and continue collecting dry sedimentation samples.

[0099] This invention utilizes a waterwheel to convert the gravitational potential energy of rainwater into kinetic energy, achieving energy-free automatic conversion between wet and dry precipitation sampling devices. A water hose is installed below the wet precipitation sampling chamber, connected to a waste liquid tank at the bottom, allowing filtered rainwater / snowwater to be promptly removed from the sampler. This filtration unit filters rainwater / snowwater promptly, allowing filter paper to be stored efficiently, thus avoiding the high evaporation associated with wet precipitation sampling in arid regions.

[0100] The present invention uses a PLC controller for control, and all controlled components are electrically connected, allowing parameters to be adjusted based on different sampling locations. The PLC controller adjusts the position and orientation of the solar panels and wind turbines, ensuring that both power generation devices are always in an efficient state and that the entire automatic control system has sufficient power.

[0101] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0102] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing and the top is open; a wet deposition collection mechanism, the wet deposition collection mechanism being located in the accommodating cavity; A dry precipitation collection mechanism, comprising a dry precipitation collection chamber (7), a connecting rod (8), a rotating part II (32) and a waterwheel (34), wherein the dry precipitation collection chamber (7) is located at the top of the shell and above the wet precipitation collection mechanism; the waterwheel (34) is located at one side of the bottom of the accommodating cavity; the rotating part II (32) is connected to the waterwheel (34); the rotating part II (32) drives the dry precipitation collection chamber (7) to rotate through the connecting rod (8) and exposes the wet precipitation collection mechanism below; the waterwheel (34) receives rainwater from above as rotational power; A cover plate (1), the cover plate (1) is openable and closable and is located above the dry sedimentation collection chamber (7), the top of the cover plate forming an area for collecting rainwater and connected to a water hose I (16), the outlet of the water hose I (16) corresponding to the water wheel (34); a control system (28), wherein the opening and closing of the cover plate (1) is controlled by the control system (28); The wet deposition collection mechanism comprises: A wet sedimentation chamber, the wet sedimentation chamber being fixed in the accommodating chamber, having a filter screen I (5) on the top, a heating device (12) electrically connected to the control system (28) on the bottom, and a plurality of water seepage holes (13) on both sides of the bottom of the wet sedimentation chamber; A water pipeline (14), each of the water seepage holes (13) corresponds to a water pipeline (14); A wet sedimentation filter unit (15), each of the water delivery pipes (14) is provided with the wet sedimentation filter unit (15); A wet sedimentation sampling chamber (18) is provided below the water delivery pipe (14) for collecting filtered water. A water delivery hose II (19) is connected to the wet sedimentation sampling chamber (18), and the water outlet of the water delivery hose II (19) faces the water wheel (34). The water hose II (19) is connected to the inner wall of the shell relative to the water wheel (34) through a telescopic fixing rod II (30); the water hose I (16) is connected to the inner wall of the shell relative to the water wheel (34) through a telescopic fixing rod I (27); and a rain sensor (9) and a temperature sensor (11) electrically connected to the control system (28) are provided on the shell.

2. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating part II (32) is a first bevel tooth, and the end of the water wheel (34) has a second bevel tooth that meshes with the first bevel tooth for transmission.

3. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular track (29) is provided on the outer wall of the shell, a base I (26) is rotatably provided on the track (29), a solar panel (21) is provided on the base I (26), the solar panel (21) is connected to the battery (22) in the accommodating cavity, a snow scraper (20) is provided on the solar panel (21), and the battery (22), the solar panel (21) and the snow scraper (20) are all electrically connected to the control system (28).

4. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base I (26) is also provided with a wind turbine (24) staggered with the solar panel (21), and the bottom of the wind turbine (24) is provided with a rotating part I (25), and the rotating part I (25) is a third bevel gear, which is driven to rotate by the motor II (23) and the fourth bevel gear. The motor II (23) and the wind turbine (24) are both electrically connected to the control system (28).

5. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: An integrated wind speed and direction sensor (17) is provided on the housing, and the integrated wind speed and direction sensor (17) is electrically connected to the control system (28).

6. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterwheel (34) is located on the base II (31), and a waste liquid tank (33) for collecting rainwater is provided below the waterwheel. The waste liquid tank (33) is communicated with the outside, and a filter screen II (35) is provided at the communication point.

7. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking rod II (6) is provided on the connecting rod (8), and a blocking rod I (4) for blocking the blocking rod II (6) is provided on the housing.

8. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the wet sedimentation filter sections (15) comprises: Filter paper box collecting bins (41), two filter paper box collecting bins (41) are located on both sides of the water pipeline (14), and both are connected to the transverse channel of the water pipeline (14), the first filter paper box collecting bin (41) contains a plurality of filter paper boxes (40) that can fall by gravity, and the second filter paper box collecting bin (41) is used to collect the filter paper boxes (40) after filtering rainwater in the water pipeline (14); A pushing portion, the pushing portion is located on one side of the transverse channel of the water supply pipe (14), and is capable of laterally pushing the filter paper box (40) that has moved downward in the first filter paper box collecting bin (41) into the transverse channel of the water supply pipe (14) for filtration; and pushing the filtered filter paper box (40) into the second filter paper box collecting bin (41) for collection.

9. The automatic sampler for dry and wet precipitation in arid areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pushing portion includes: a pushing channel, the pushing channel being in communication with the transverse channel of the water delivery pipe (14) and being located on one side of the first filter paper box collecting bin (41); Motor III (39), a motor III (39) is fixed in the pushing channel, the motor III (39) drives the power gear (38) to rotate, and the motor III (39) is electrically connected to the control system (28); A rack is provided in the pushing channel and is matched with the power gear (38); a power rod (36) is provided at the end of the rack near the first filter paper box collecting bin (41); the rack drives the power rod (36) to move linearly along the pushing channel; A blocking column III (37) is provided at a predetermined position on the rack, and the blocking column III (37) is a soft rubber piece.

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