AC quantum power verification device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power spread spectrum and discloses an AC quantum power calibration device and method. A magnetic modulation current comparator and a resistive voltage divider are used for proportional conversion. The device characteristics of the magnetic modulation current comparator and the resistive voltage divider are utilized to achieve high-accuracy proportional conversion of kHz AC voltage and current, thereby satisfying the quantization traceability of higher-frequency AC power. A quantum voltage standard is used to generate a quantum voltage signal having the same frequency as the voltage signal of a device under test. A differential operation is performed between the low-amplitude voltage signal and the quantum voltage signal. The quantized measured power of the device under test is determined based on the differential operation result. The difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test and the measured AC power is compared, thereby calibrating the device under test. This improves the accuracy of calibration of AC power up to kHz and enhances the broadband metering capability of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power spread spectrum technology, and in particular to an AC quantum power verification device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new power systems and the continuous integration of large-scale renewable energy and power electronics equipment into the grid, grid voltage and current signals are exhibiting significant characteristics such as broadband and dynamic characteristics. In the future, metering instruments or equipment with wider bandwidths will inevitably be widely used in power system energy metering.

[0003] Quantum power standards are based on quantum voltage standards. They trace the voltage and current signals that form the power signal back to the quantum voltage standard signal, thereby achieving quantized power measurement. Currently, quantized power measurement mainly uses the "standard source" method and the "standard meter" method to establish quantum power standards.

[0004] The quantum power standard established using the "standard source" method uses highly stable voltage amplifiers and transconductance amplifiers to achieve highly accurate AC voltage and current outputs. Overall, the quantum power standard requires complex feedback control, which makes the entire system complex, inconvenient to operate, and expensive.

[0005] The AC quantum power standard, constructed using the "standard meter" method, is essentially a standard meter, not a high-accuracy power source, and can be used directly to measure the AC power being measured. Compared to AC quantum power sources constructed using the "standard source" method, the AC quantum power standard constructed by PTB in Germany does not require a complex feedback control system, offering the advantages of system simplicity, ease of implementation, and ease of operation.

[0006] Due to the hysteresis and eddy current effects of the iron core, as well as the influence of stray inductance in the windings, the accuracy of voltage and current ratio standards based on the principle of electromagnetic induction decreases with increasing frequency, and their operating frequency band is generally below 1 kHz. However, the aforementioned AC quantum power standards are only for the traceability of industrial frequency AC power, with a frequency band ranging from 40 Hz to 400 Hz, making it difficult to calibrate AC power up to kHz. The main factor limiting their operating frequency band is the narrow effective frequency band of the voltage and current ratios used, which makes it difficult to improve the broadband metering capabilities of the power system.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to study and establish an AC quantum power standard with a wider bandwidth to meet the urgent needs of evaluating or developing electric energy metering instruments and equipment with wide-band characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention provides an AC quantum power calibration device and method, which solves the technical problems that the current AC quantum power standard is only for the traceability of industrial frequency AC power, making it difficult to calibrate AC power up to kHz, and the effective frequency band of the voltage and current ratio used is narrow, making it difficult to improve the broadband metering capability of the power system.

[0009] In view of this, the first aspect of the present invention provides an AC quantum power verification device, comprising: an AC power source, a resistive voltage divider, a magnetic modulation current comparator, a quantum voltage standard instrument and a differential sampling module;

[0010] The AC power source is connected in parallel to the device under test, and the AC power source is used to apply a test voltage and a test current to the device under test so that the device under test outputs the measured AC power, measured voltage and measured current;

[0011] The resistive voltage divider is connected to the device under test, and is used to perform proportional conversion on the measured voltage output by the device under test to obtain a first low-amplitude voltage signal;

[0012] The magnetic modulation current comparator is connected to the device under test, and the magnetic modulation current comparator performs proportional conversion on the measured current output by the device under test to obtain a second low-amplitude current signal;

[0013] The quantum voltage standard is used to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test;

[0014] The differential sampling module is respectively connected to the resistive voltage divider, the magnetic modulation current comparator and the quantum voltage standard. The differential sampling module is used to perform differential operations on the low-amplitude voltage signal obtained under the current preset signal switching state and the quantum voltage signal output by the quantum voltage standard. It is also used to determine the quantized measurement power of the device under test based on the differential operation result, compare the difference between the quantized measurement power of the device under test and the measured AC power, and calibrate the device under test.

[0015] Preferably, the AC power source includes a signal generator, a first voltage amplifier and a transconductance amplifier;

[0016] The first voltage amplifier and the transconductance amplifier are connected to two output ports of the signal generator respectively, and the first voltage amplifier and the transconductance amplifier are connected in parallel.

[0017] Preferably, the quantum voltage standard is a programmable Josephson quantum voltage standard.

[0018] Preferably, the equivalent circuit of the resistive voltage divider includes a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor; the resistor is connected in series with the inductor, and the capacitor is connected in parallel with the resistor and the inductor respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the magnetic modulation current comparator comprises a magnetic modulator core, a filter, a demodulator, a second voltage amplifier and a power amplifier connected in series in sequence;

[0020] The magnetic modulator core comprises two annular silicon steel sheet cores arranged opposite to each other, and the two annular silicon steel sheet cores are wound with excitation windings having the same number of turns.

[0021] Preferably, the differential sampling module includes a signal switching switch, a first digital sampling voltmeter and a second digital sampling voltmeter;

[0022] The resistive voltage divider and the magnetic modulation current comparator are both connected to one end of the signal switching switch;

[0023] The other end of the signal switching switch is connected to the first digital sampling voltmeter and the second digital sampling voltmeter respectively;

[0024] The quantum voltage standard is connected to the first digital sampling voltmeter.

[0025] Preferably, the differential sampling module is further used to generate a differential signal based on the differential operation result, add the differential signal and the voltage value corresponding to the quantum voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal of the low-amplitude voltage signal, and perform Fourier transform on the sampling signal of the low-amplitude voltage signal to obtain a fundamental signal; and is further used to extract the amplitude and phase of the fundamental signal, and determine the quantized measurement power of the device under test based on the amplitude and phase of the fundamental signal.

[0026] Preferably, the device under test is an electric energy meter or a power meter.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an AC quantum power verification method, which uses the above-mentioned AC quantum power verification device, including:

[0028] Applying a test voltage and a test current to the device under test so that the device under test outputs a measured AC power, a measured voltage, and a measured current;

[0029] Proportionally converting the measured voltage output by the device under test to obtain a first low-amplitude voltage signal;

[0030] Proportionally transforming the measured current output by the device under test to obtain a second low-amplitude current signal;

[0031] Performing a differential operation on the low-amplitude voltage signal obtained in the currently preset signal switching state and the quantum voltage signal, and determining the quantized measurement power of the device under test according to the differential operation result, wherein the quantum voltage standard is used to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test;

[0032] The difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test and the measured AC power is compared, and the device under test is calibrated.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor;

[0034] The memory is used to store programs;

[0035] The processor executes the program to implement the steps of the above-mentioned AC quantum power verification method.

[0036] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0037] The present invention adopts a magnetic modulation current comparator and a resistive voltage divider to perform proportional conversion. By utilizing the device characteristics of the magnetic modulation current comparator and the resistive voltage divider themselves, high-accuracy proportional conversion of kHz AC voltage and current can be achieved, which satisfies the quantization traceability of higher-frequency AC power. The effective frequency band of the voltage and current ratio is relatively wide. By utilizing a quantum voltage standard instrument to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test, a differential operation is performed between the low-amplitude voltage signal and the quantum voltage signal, and the quantized measurement power of the device under test is determined according to the differential operation result, the difference between the quantized measurement power of the device under test and the measured AC power is compared, thereby calibrating the device under test, improving the accuracy of calibration of AC power up to kHz, and enhancing the broadband metering capability of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an AC quantum power verification device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a resistive voltage divider provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a magnetic modulation current comparator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A flow chart of an AC quantum power verification method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The structure of an AC quantum power detection device provided by the present invention is illustrated.

[0046] The present invention provides an AC quantum power verification device, comprising: an AC power source 100, a resistive voltage divider 200, a magnetic modulation current comparator 300, a quantum voltage standard 400 and a differential sampling module 500;

[0047] The AC power source 100 is connected in parallel to the device under test 600 . The AC power source 100 is used to apply a test voltage and a test current to the device under test 600 so that the device under test 600 outputs the measured AC power, measured voltage and measured current.

[0048] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the AC power source 100 includes a signal generator 101, a first voltage amplifier 102 and a transconductance amplifier 103; the first voltage amplifier 102 and the transconductance amplifier 103 are respectively connected to two output ports of the signal generator 101, and the first voltage amplifier 102 and the transconductance amplifier 103 are connected in parallel.

[0049] The signal generator 101 is a dual-channel signal generator based on DSP (Digital Signal Processing). A first voltage amplifier 102 amplifies one AC voltage signal output by the dual-channel signal generator to obtain a high-amplitude measured AC voltage U, while a transconductance amplifier 103 amplifies the other voltage signal output by the dual-channel signal generator to obtain a high-amplitude measured current I.

[0050] A high-amplitude measured AC voltage U and a high-amplitude measured current I are simultaneously applied to the device under test 600 , and the device under test 600 measures and outputs the measured AC power, measured voltage, and measured current.

[0051] The device under test 600 may be an electric energy meter or a power meter.

[0052] The resistive voltage divider 200 is connected to the device under test 600 , and is used to perform proportional conversion on the measured voltage output by the device under test 600 to obtain a first low-amplitude voltage signal.

[0053] For the resistive voltage divider 200, its equivalent circuit in AC state can be expressed as Figure 2 The equivalent circuit of the resistive voltage divider 200 includes a resistor R, an inductor L, and a capacitor C. The resistor R and the inductor L are connected in series, and the capacitor C is connected in parallel with the resistor R and the inductor L, respectively.

[0054] Where inductance L is the residual inductance of the resistor element, and capacitance C is the equivalent parasitic capacitance inside the resistor element. The equivalent impedance of this AC resistor can be expressed as:

[0055]

[0056] Where Z is the equivalent impedance of the AC resistor, and ω is the angular frequency. Existing research results have shown that the resistive voltage divider 200 is fully capable of high-accuracy voltage proportional conversion over a 2.5 kHz range.

[0057] The resistive voltage divider 200 has good amplitude flatness and phase linear response characteristics within the 4 kHz range. Its phase angle deviation has a good linear relationship with frequency and is approximately 60 µrad at 5 kHz. The proportional error has good flatness in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 4 kHz and is less than 4 µV / V at 4 kHz.

[0058] The magnetic modulation current comparator 300 is connected to the device under test 600 . The magnetic modulation current comparator 300 performs proportional conversion on the measured current output by the device under test 600 to obtain a second low-amplitude current signal.

[0059] The magnetic modulation current comparator 300 is a sensor developed based on the principles of magnetic modulation and magnetic balance. It utilizes the mechanism of alternating saturation of a high-permeability iron core under saturation excitation of an alternating magnetic field to rapidly modulate the primary current to the secondary coil using the equal ampere-turn principle. This allows the magnetic field generated by the compensation current output by the secondary coil to exactly offset the magnetic field generated by the primary current, keeping the iron core in a dynamic equilibrium state of zero magnetic flux.

[0060] The scale of the proportional transformation can be set based on experience.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic modulation current comparator 300 includes a magnetic modulator core, a filter, a demodulator, a second voltage amplifier and a power amplifier connected in series in sequence;

[0062] The magnetic modulator core comprises two annular silicon steel sheet cores arranged opposite to each other, and the two annular silicon steel sheet cores are wound with excitation windings having the same number of turns.

[0063] When the industrial frequency AC excitation voltage is applied to the excitation winding, and the measured current is zero, due to the symmetry of the magnetization curve, the waveforms of the alternating magnetic fluxes Φ1 and Φ2 generated by the two cores are completely symmetrical, with a phase difference of 180°. Therefore, the alternating magnetic field of the entire magnetic modulator core detected by the detection winding is Φs=Φ1+Φ2=Φ1+(-Φ1)=0, and there is no second harmonic output.

[0064] When there is a measured DC or low-frequency AC current, the measured current is ≠0. The alternating magnetic field generated in the two annular silicon steel cores has different saturation levels in the positive and negative half cycles, resulting in asymmetric Φ'1 and Φ'2. Their phases still differ by 180°, so the alternating magnetic field of the entire magnetic modulator core detected in the detection winding is Φs=Φ'1+Φ'2≠0.

[0065] According to Fourier series decomposition, any shape of periodic signal can be decomposed into sinusoidal signals of different frequencies, such as fundamental wave, second harmonic, and so on. When the measured current is ≠0, the superposition result of the alternating magnetic fluxes Φ'1 and Φ'2 generated in the two annular silicon steel cores is: all the fundamental waves and odd harmonics cancel each other out, and the remaining amplitude is proportional to the measured current. The even harmonics whose phase reflects the direction of the measured current are added in phase, and the amplitude of each even harmonic decays rapidly with the increase of the harmonic order. The second harmonic has the largest amplitude. Therefore, when the measured current is ≠0, the detection winding has an output signal dominated by the second harmonic, and the signal output by the detection winding is introduced into the filter to filter out the non-second harmonic components. After phase-sensitive demodulation, current amplification, and power amplification, the feedback current is sent to the feedback winding of the magnetic modulator through a standard resistor, so that the generated magnetic potential is opposite to the magnetic potential generated by the measured current, that is, mutual cancellation is completed, thereby achieving magnetomotive force balance, that is,

[0066] W1I1=W2I2

[0067] Where I1 is the measured current, W1 is the number of turns of the measured current winding (usually W1=1), I2 is the compensation current, and W2 is the number of turns of the compensation winding.

[0068] Since the magnetic modulation current comparator 300 has a differential structure, its open-loop amplification factor is very high. As long as the measured current changes slightly, the second harmonic signal will change, and the feedback current will also change accordingly until the two magnetic potentials are almost completely offset. Generally, W1=1, and W2 is much larger than W1. Therefore, it is possible to convert large current measurement into small current measurement.

[0069] Based on the above principle, the magnetic modulation current comparator 300 in this embodiment can have a current measurement performance of ±800 A, an accuracy of 1 ppm, a linearity of 1 ppm, a temperature drift coefficient of 0.1 ppm / K, and a frequency band of DC-500 kHz. It can be seen that the above performance parameters are sufficient to achieve 10 -6 The current ratio uncertainty is of the order of magnitude.

[0070] The quantum voltage standard 400 is used to generate a quantum voltage signal having the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test 600 .

[0071] In practical applications, the frequency of the voltage signal of the device under test 600 may be measured first, and then a quantum voltage signal having the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test 600 may be generated by the quantum voltage standard instrument 400 .

[0072] The quantum voltage standard 400 adopts a programmable Josephson quantum voltage standard.

[0073] The Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) can generate a 5 kHz step-like approximation quantum voltage waveform, fully satisfying the requirements for quantized measurement of 2.5 kHz voltage signals. Based on this, this embodiment improves the operating frequency band of voltage and current ratios to achieve quantized measurement of AC power up to 2.5 kHz. Specifically, this embodiment uses a resistive voltage divider 200 and a magnetically modulated current sensor to replace the traditional inductive voltage and current ratios based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, respectively, to achieve quantized measurement of AC power up to 2.5 kHz.

[0074] The differential sampling module 500 is connected to the resistive voltage divider 200, the magnetic modulation current comparator 300 and the quantum voltage standard 400 respectively. The differential sampling module 500 is used to perform differential operations on the low-amplitude voltage signal obtained under the current preset signal switching state and the quantum voltage signal output by the quantum voltage standard 400. It is also used to determine the quantized measurement power of the device under test 600 based on the differential operation result, compare the difference between the quantized measurement power of the device under test 600 and the measured AC power, and calibrate the device under test 600.

[0075] Among them, by comparing the difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test 600 and the measured AC power, if the difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test 600 and the measured AC power is less than the preset error threshold, the device under test 600 is judged to be qualified; if the difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test 600 and the measured AC power is not less than the preset error threshold, the device under test 600 is judged to be unqualified.

[0076] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the differential sampling module 500 includes a signal switching switch SW1, a first digital sampling voltmeter 501 and a second digital sampling voltmeter 502;

[0077] The resistive voltage divider 200 and the magnetic modulation current comparator 300 are both connected to one end of the signal switching switch SW1;

[0078] The other end of the signal switching switch SW1 is connected to the first digital sampling voltmeter 501 and the second digital sampling voltmeter 502 respectively.

[0079] The state of the switch SW1 is switched by the switching signal, so that the first low-amplitude voltage signal or the second low-amplitude current signal and the quantum voltage signal VJ are fed into the digital sampling voltmeter in a differential form.

[0080] The quantum voltage standard instrument 400 is connected to the first digital sampling voltmeter 501 .

[0081] In some embodiments, the differential sampling module 500 is also used to generate a differential signal based on the differential operation result, add the differential signal and the voltage value corresponding to the quantum voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal of the low-amplitude voltage signal, and perform Fourier transform on the sampling signal of the low-amplitude voltage signal to obtain a fundamental signal; it is also used to extract the amplitude and phase of the fundamental signal, and determine the quantized measurement power of the device under test 600 based on the amplitude and phase of the fundamental signal.

[0082] Among them, the programmable Josephson quantum voltage standard generates a step-like approximate quantum voltage signal.

[0083] After obtaining the fundamental amplitude and phase of the voltage and current signals, the power is quantized and measured through P=U0I0cos(phi), where U0 and I0 are the fundamental amplitudes of the voltage and current, respectively, and phi is the phase difference between the fundamental phasors of the voltage and current.

[0084] It should be noted that the present invention adopts a magnetic modulation current comparator and a resistive voltage divider to perform proportional conversion. By utilizing the device characteristics of the magnetic modulation current comparator and the resistive voltage divider themselves, high-accuracy proportional conversion of kHz AC voltage and current can be achieved, which meets the quantum traceability of higher frequency AC power. The effective frequency band of the voltage and current ratio is relatively wide. By utilizing a quantum voltage standard to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test, a low-amplitude voltage signal and the quantum voltage signal are used for differential operation, and the quantized measurement power of the device under test is determined according to the differential operation result, the difference between the quantized measurement power of the device under test and the measured AC power is compared, thereby calibrating the device under test, improving the accuracy of calibration of AC power up to kHz, and enhancing the broadband metering capability of the power system.

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides an AC quantum power verification method, which uses the above-mentioned AC quantum power verification device, including:

[0086] Step S1: applying a test voltage and a test current to the device under test so that the device under test outputs a measured AC power, a measured voltage, and a measured current;

[0087] Step S2: performing proportional conversion on the measured voltage output by the device under test to obtain a first low-amplitude voltage signal;

[0088] Step S3, performing proportional conversion on the measured current output by the measured device to obtain a second low-amplitude current signal;

[0089] Step S4: performing a differential operation on the low-amplitude voltage signal obtained in the currently preset signal switching state and the quantum voltage signal, and determining the quantized measurement power of the device under test based on the differential operation result, wherein the quantum voltage standard is used to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test;

[0090] Step S5: Compare the difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test and the measured AC power, and calibrate the device under test.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device 10 includes a memory 20 and a processor 30;

[0092] The memory 20 is used to store programs;

[0093] The processor 30 executes the program to implement the steps of the above-mentioned AC quantum power verification method.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the above-described method and the specific working process of the electronic device can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned device embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0095] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it is understood that each box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment or part of the code, and the module, program segment or part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order than that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved.

[0096] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, electronic devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0097] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An AC quantum power verification device, characterized in that: include: AC power source, resistive voltage divider, magnetic modulation current comparator, quantum voltage standard and differential sampling module; The AC power source is connected in parallel to the device under test, and the AC power source is used to apply a test voltage and a test current to the device under test so that the device under test outputs the measured AC power, measured voltage and measured current; The resistive voltage divider is connected to the device under test, and is used to perform proportional conversion on the measured voltage output by the device under test to obtain a first low-amplitude voltage signal; The magnetic modulation current comparator is connected to the device under test, and the magnetic modulation current comparator performs proportional conversion on the measured current output by the device under test to obtain a second low-amplitude current signal; The magnetic modulation current comparator comprises a magnetic modulator core, a filter, a demodulator, a second voltage amplifier and a power amplifier connected in series in sequence; The magnetic modulator core comprises two annular silicon steel sheet cores arranged opposite to each other, and the two annular silicon steel sheet cores are wound with excitation windings having the same number of turns; The quantum voltage standard is used to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test; The differential sampling module is respectively connected to the resistive voltage divider, the magnetic modulation current comparator and the quantum voltage standard. The differential sampling module is used to perform differential operations on the low-amplitude voltage signal obtained under the current preset signal switching state and the quantum voltage signal output by the quantum voltage standard. It is also used to determine the quantized measurement power of the device under test based on the differential operation result, compare the difference between the quantized measurement power of the device under test and the measured AC power, and calibrate the device under test.

2. The AC quantum power test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC power source includes a signal generator, a first voltage amplifier and a transconductance amplifier; The first voltage amplifier and the transconductance amplifier are connected to two output ports of the signal generator respectively, and the first voltage amplifier and the transconductance amplifier are connected in parallel.

3. The AC quantum power test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum voltage standard instrument adopts a programmable Josephson quantum voltage standard instrument.

4. The AC quantum power test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent circuit of the resistive voltage divider includes a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor; the resistor is connected in series with the inductor, and the capacitor is connected in parallel with the resistor and the inductor respectively.

5. The AC quantum power test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential sampling module includes a signal switching switch, a first digital sampling voltmeter and a second digital sampling voltmeter; The resistive voltage divider and the magnetic modulation current comparator are both connected to one end of the signal switching switch; The other end of the signal switching switch is connected to the first digital sampling voltmeter and the second digital sampling voltmeter respectively; The quantum voltage standard is connected to the first digital sampling voltmeter.

6. The AC quantum power test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential sampling module is further used to generate a differential signal based on the differential operation result, add the differential signal and the voltage value corresponding to the quantum voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal of the low-amplitude voltage signal, and perform Fourier transform on the sampling signal of the low-amplitude voltage signal to obtain a fundamental signal; and is further used to extract the amplitude and phase of the fundamental signal, and determine the quantized measurement power of the device under test based on the amplitude and phase of the fundamental signal.

7. The AC quantum power test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device under test is an electric energy meter or a power meter.

8. A method for detecting AC quantum power, using the AC quantum power detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Applying a test voltage and a test current to the device under test so that the device under test outputs a measured AC power, a measured voltage, and a measured current; Proportionally converting the measured voltage output by the device under test to obtain a first low-amplitude voltage signal; Proportionally transforming the measured current output by the device under test to obtain a second low-amplitude current signal; performing a differential operation on the low-amplitude voltage signal obtained in the currently preset signal switching state and the quantum voltage signal, and determining the quantized measurement power of the device under test based on the differential operation result, wherein the quantum voltage standard is used to generate a quantum voltage signal with the same frequency as the voltage signal of the device under test; The difference between the quantized measured power of the device under test and the measured AC power is compared, and the device under test is calibrated.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a memory and a processor; The memory is used to store programs; The processor executes the program to implement the steps of the AC quantum power detection method according to claim 8.

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