A zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing

Abstract

The application discloses a zero-magnetic temperature compensation device of an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing, utilizes an optical fiber temperature sensor as a temperature probe, a host computer receives interference spectrum information sent back by an optical fiber modem, and real-time temperature of a working environment of the atomic magnetometer is obtained through analysis. Based on the real-time temperature obtained through analysis of the host computer, a temperature control circuit system controls the operation of a motor in a constant-temperature water circulating machine, drives constant-temperature water to flow into a non-magnetic temperature control wall to realize zero-magnetic temperature control. The method disclosed by the application can realize real-time temperature control of the working environment of the atomic magnetometer, and realizes real-time control of the temperature environment during the operation of the atomic magnetometer without introducing additional magnetic signals.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of intelligent manufacturing instruments, and mainly relates to an atomic magnetometer zero-magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Magnetic field, as a basic physical phenomenon, is ubiquitous in our world. From the earth's own magnetic field to the magnetic field generated by various electromagnetic devices, to the weak biological magnetic field in the body, magnetic field has a major impact on our lives. Magnetic signal detection is a crucial technical field in modern science and technology, which involves the detection and analysis of electromagnetic phenomena. The measurement of weak magnetic field information is a multi-disciplinary field with wide application. Weak magnetic signal measurement refers to the detection and analysis of weak magnetic field signals by different means. The development of weak magnetic signal measurement technology provides a means for detecting and studying these magnetic fields, and its significance not only lies in scientific research, but also extends to many aspects closely related to people's lives, such as industrial applications, medical care, etc. First, weak magnetic signal measurement enables scientists to understand invisible magnetic field phenomena and apply them to resource exploration, such as measuring the magnetic field distribution below the earth's surface to predict the location and size of ore layers, providing a scientific basis for resource exploitation. Early diagnosis of diseases, development of new materials, and many other innovative and practical applications. In addition, the theoretical basis of weak magnetic measurement involves multiple fields such as electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, statistical physics, and signal processing.

[0003] Magnetic field sensors are devices used to detect the strength of a magnetic field or magnetic flux, and they work based on different principles such as the Hall effect, magnetoelectric effect, inductive coupling, etc. Certain materials, such as superconducting materials, exhibit diamagnetic properties at very low temperatures, meaning they can repel the presence of a magnetic field. This property is used to create extremely sensitive magnetic field detection devices. The technology of weak magnetic field measurement has evolved from early magnetic needle instruments to modern precise electronic devices. Technical progress includes the development of high-sensitivity magnetic sensors, such as atomic magnetometers and Hall effect sensors. At the same time, the performance improvement of data acquisition and processing systems is also crucial to improving the detection ability of weak magnetic signals. Among them, atomic magnetometers are instruments that use atomic physical processes to measure the strength of a magnetic field. Atomic magnetometers have unique advantages in weak magnetic field measurement technology and play a crucial role in scientific research and industrial applications. In the future, with the continuous progress of technology and the continuous exploration of new application scenarios, the significance of atomic magnetometers in weak magnetic field measurement technology will continue to expand. Controlling the internal noise of atomic magnetometers is a difficult problem for achieving high-precision measurement. Noise sources may come from the environment, the instrument itself, or even the object being measured. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, shielding technology and various signal processing algorithms are often used. In addition, as scientific research and technology applications increasingly require higher measurement accuracy and stability, the demand for higher performance atomic magnetometers is also increasing.

[0004] During application and research, researchers have found that temperature has a significant impact on the performance of atomic magnetometers. Changes in temperature can affect the magnetic properties of atomic magnetometer components, leading to changes in their sensitivity. This refers to the variation in the output signal of the sensor when no magnetic field is present. Temperature changes can cause the zero point to shift, resulting in errors. An increase in temperature often leads to an increase in thermal noise in electronic devices, which can interfere with the signal of the atomic magnetometer, affecting its accuracy. Many magnetic sensor specifications list a temperature coefficient, which describes the degree to which the sensor's parameters change with temperature. A lower temperature coefficient means that the sensor can better maintain its performance when temperature fluctuations occur. At the same time, in order to ensure that atomic magnetometers work properly within a wider temperature range, manufacturers often perform temperature compensation on their products. Temperature compensation can be built into the atomic magnetometer through circuit design or software calibration. In addition, using high-quality materials and components, as well as precise manufacturing processes, can also reduce the impact of temperature on atomic magnetometers.

[0005] However, in an atomic magnetometer, the temperature affects the population distribution of the atoms. In order to achieve a good signal-to-noise ratio, it is usually desirable to have a high-efficiency optical pumping, which can be achieved within a certain temperature range. The materials inside the atomic magnetometer, such as the diamagnetic glass or the filled gas, have the behavior of changing their magnetic properties with temperature, which can affect the sensitivity and accuracy of the instrument. All electronic components are affected by temperature, and low temperature usually reduces noise and improves measurement stability and accuracy. Temperature changes can cause thermal expansion of the device components and even affect the operation of other equipment in the laboratory, causing vibration or thermal disturbance. Most commercial atomic magnetometers are designed to work at room temperature for convenience and cost reduction, and often provide built-in baseline stabilization and temperature correction mechanisms to maintain high accuracy. Overall, the highest accuracy of an atomic magnetometer depends on its design, operating conditions and intended use. Without specific instructions, it can be assumed that an atomic magnetometer can provide high accuracy at room temperature. However, in the face of today's higher accuracy and lower detection limit requirements for weak magnetic signal detection, additional environmental control equipment is needed to maintain a stable operating temperature for the atomic magnetometer in order to achieve higher performance and special applications.

[0006] The application discloses an atomic magnetometer zero-magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing. An optical fiber temperature sensor is used as a temperature probe, a host computer receives interference spectrum information sent back by an optical fiber modem, and real-time temperature of an atomic magnetometer working environment is obtained through analysis. Based on the real-time temperature obtained through analysis of the host computer, a temperature control circuit system controls the operation of a motor in a constant-temperature water circulating machine, and drives constant-temperature water to flow into a zero-magnetic temperature control wall. The method disclosed by the application can realize real-time temperature control of the working environment of the atomic magnetometer, and realize temperature environment control without introducing additional magnetic signals. SUMMARY

[0007] The application aims to solve the problems that the test accuracy is affected by the environmental temperature during the use of the existing atomic magnetometer. The application designs and discloses an atomic magnetometer zero-magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the application, an atomic magnetometer zero-magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing, wherein the host computer is an industrial computer cooperating with a control program thereon and can collect weak magnetic information detected by the atomic magnetometer.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the application, an atomic magnetometer zero-magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing, wherein according to some examples in the application, an atomic magnetometer with ultra-high sensitivity is used to establish a high spatial resolution sensor measurement array with a spatial resolution of less than 10 mm. In addition, the atomic magnetometer used can realize weak magnetic signal measurement as low as 15fT.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, a zero magnetic field temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is provided, wherein according to some examples of the present application, a commercial optical fiber grating temperature sensor is selected as the optical fiber sensor, mainly because the optical fiber sensor itself does not carry any magnetic information, is not affected by electromagnetic interference, has good temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and aging resistance, and has high precision and high resolution, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.5℃ and a resolution of 0.1℃, and the temperature range of the optical fiber sensor is selected as -10℃ to 300℃.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, a zero magnetic field temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is provided, wherein the optical fiber modem is connected to the optical fiber temperature sensor through a flange, can provide a light source for the optical fiber temperature sensor, record the interference spectrum, and send it to the host computer.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, a zero magnetic field temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is provided, wherein the temperature control circuit system is a separately designed aluminum oxide ceramic circuit board, on which a power supply module, a micro control unit module, a communication module, a temperature acquisition module, a control module, etc. are integrated. According to some examples of the present application, the power supply module is used to power the entire temperature control circuit system, and the power supply module is mainly composed of a classic AC-DC module and an AMS1117 chip, which can provide 3.3V and 5V power supply modes for the micro control unit module and various active chips on the temperature control circuit system. According to some examples of the present application, the micro control unit module selects an embedded microcontroller of STMicroelectronics, and according to some examples, selects STM32F429 of the STM32 series. According to some examples of the present application, the communication module selects 485 communication mode to realize communication between the host computer and the temperature control circuit system. According to some examples of the present application, the temperature acquisition module uses an AD conversion chip with a precision of 18 bits to adapt to the signal acquisition of the atomic magnetometer. It can be told to process the signal collected by the weak magnetic detection sensor collected by the AD conversion chip. According to some examples of the present application, the control module controls an external electromagnetic relay and an external constant temperature water circulating machine switch through a DA module.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, a zero magnetic field temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is provided, wherein the constant temperature water circulating machine is controlled by the control module in the temperature control circuit system, and when the temperature is lower than the set value, the electromagnetic relay opens the constant temperature water circulating machine switch to pass the constant temperature hot water into the water pipe, and the constant temperature hot water is driven by the peristaltic pump in the constant temperature water circulating machine to enter the non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall along the water pipe to increase the temperature near the atomic magnetometer.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, a zero magnetic temperature compensation device for an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing, wherein the non-magnetic temperature control wall is made of polyether ether ketone plastic material, and includes a non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall and a non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall. The non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall is embedded with an optical fiber sensor in the groove for measuring the temperature of the working environment of the atomic magnetometer, and the non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall contains a groove for water pipes on both sides, and a rubber water pipe for temperature control is installed in the groove.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, a zero magnetic temperature compensation device for an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing, which uses an optical fiber temperature sensor as a temperature probe to obtain the real-time temperature of the working environment of the atomic magnetometer. Based on the obtained real-time temperature, the temperature control circuit system controls the water supply of the constant temperature water circulating machine to realize zero magnetic temperature control. Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following characteristics:

[0016] (1) The zero magnetic temperature compensation device for an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing disclosed by the present application can realize real-time acquisition and detection of the temperature near the working environment of the atomic magnetometer without introducing additional magnetic signals.

[0017] (2) The zero magnetic temperature compensation device for an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing disclosed by the present application can realize temperature control of the working environment of the atomic magnetometer according to the program setting, and does not introduce additional magnetic signals during the process of temperature rise or reduction, thereby realizing non-magnetized temperature control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a principle schematic diagram of the zero magnetic temperature compensation device for an atomic magnetometer based on optical fiber sensing in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] In the figure, the part number is: 1-main machine, 2-atomic magnetometer, 3-optical fiber modem, 4-optical fiber temperature sensor, 5-signal line, 6-temperature control circuit system, 7-constant temperature water circulating system, 8-water pipe, 9-non-magnetic temperature control wall, 10-magnetic shielding room.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a mechanical design schematic diagram of the non-magnetic temperature control wall in the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] In the figure, the part number is: 9-non-magnetic temperature control wall.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a mechanical design schematic diagram of the non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall in the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the figure, the part number is: 9a-non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a mechanical design schematic diagram of the non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure part number: 9b - non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall.

[0026] Figure 5 The host (1) a work computer with the control program can collect atomic magnetometer (2) detected weak magnetic information.

[0027] Figure part number: 6 - temperature control circuit system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as up, down, etc. The orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawing is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In the description of the present application, multiple refers to two or more. If there is a description of the first, the second, it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings:

[0030] The host (1) a work computer with the control program can collect atomic magnetometer (2) detected weak magnetic information.

[0031] The atomic magnetometer zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing, characterized in that: the atomic magnetometer (2) can realize the measurement of weak magnetic signal as low as 15fT.

[0032] The atomic magnetometer zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on optical fiber sensing, characterized in that: the optical fiber modem (3) can provide light source for the optical fiber temperature sensor (4), record the interference spectrum and send to the host (1).

[0033] The zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on the optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is characterized in that the optical fiber temperature sensor (4) is connected with the optical fiber modem (3) through a flange, and the optical fiber temperature sensor (4) is embedded in the non-magnetic temperature control back wall (9a) of the non-magnetic temperature control wall (9) through a through hole in the wall of the magnetic shielding chamber (10).

[0034] The zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on the optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is characterized in that the temperature control circuit system (6) communicates with the host computer (1) through the 485 communication protocol line (5).

[0035] The zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on the optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is characterized in that the temperature control circuit system (6) is composed of a power module (6a), a micro control unit module (6b), a communication module (6c), a temperature acquisition module (6d) and a control module (6e).

[0036] The zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on the optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is characterized in that the constant temperature water circulating machine (7) is controlled by the temperature control circuit system (6), and 60 degrees Celsius constant temperature hot water is delivered to the non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall (9b) through the water pipe (8).

[0037] The zero magnetic temperature compensation device based on the optical fiber sensing atomic magnetometer is characterized in that the non-magnetic temperature control wall (9) is made of polyether ether ketone plastic material, and includes the non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall (9a) and the non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall (9b).

Claims

1. A zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber optic sensing based atomic magnetometer, comprising: It includes the following parts: host (1), weak magnetic signal sensor (2), optical fiber modem (3), optical fiber temperature sensor (4), 485 communication protocol line (5), temperature control circuit system (6), constant temperature water circulating machine (7), water pipe (8), non-magnetic temperature control wall (9), host (1), the host (1) is connected with weak magnetic signal sensor (2), optical fiber modem (3) through signal line, and communicates with temperature control circuit system (6) through 485 communication protocol line (5); weak magnetic signal sensor (2), the weak magnetic signal sensor (2) is embedded in the inside of non-magnetic temperature control wall (9); optical fiber modem (3), the optical fiber modem (3) is connected together with optical fiber temperature sensor (4) through optical fiber flange; optical fiber temperature sensor (4), the optical fiber temperature sensor (4) is embedded in the non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall (9a) of non-magnetic temperature control wall (9); temperature control circuit system (6), the temperature control circuit system (6) is connected with host (1) through 485 communication protocol line (5); constant temperature water circulating machine (7), the constant temperature water circulating machine (7) is connected with non-magnetic temperature control wall (9) through a section of water pipe (8).

2. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer according to claim 1, wherein: The host (1) can collect weak magnetic information detected by the weak magnetic signal sensor (2) with the control program.

3. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer according to claim 2, wherein: The weak magnetic signal sensor (2) can measure weak magnetic signals as low as 15fT.

4. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer of claim 1, wherein: The optical fiber modem (3) can provide light source for the optical fiber temperature sensor (4), record interference spectrum and send to the host (1).

5. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer of claim 1, wherein: The optical fiber temperature sensor (4) is connected with the optical fiber modem (3) through flange, and is embedded in the non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall (9a) of the non-magnetic temperature control wall (9) through the through hole on the magnetic shielding chamber (10) wall.

6. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer of claim 1, wherein: The temperature control circuit system (6) communicates with the temperature control circuit system (6) through 485 communication protocol line (5).

7. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer according to claim 6, wherein: The temperature control circuit system (6) is composed of power module (6a), high-speed information processing operation module (6b), communication module (6c), temperature acquisition module (6d) and control module (6e).

8. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer of claim 1, wherein: The constant temperature water circulating machine (7) is controlled by the temperature control circuit system (6), and delivers 60 degrees Celsius constant temperature hot water to the non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall (9b) through the water pipe (8).

9. The zero magnetic field temperature compensation device for a fiber-optic sensing based atomic magnetometer of claim 1, wherein: The non-magnetic temperature control wall (9) is made of polyether ether ketone plastic material, which includes non-magnetic temperature control wall back wall (9a) and non-magnetic temperature control wall side wall (9b).

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