A cleaning and impurity removing machine for mixed flower biological material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cleaning and removing impurities machine of flower biological material containing impurities, it includes machine base, the machine base has vibrating screen, flower biological material containing impurities can move on vibrating screen, motion path is sequentially provided with inlet, first air suction device, second air suction device and discharge port;The first air suction device is used to suck out light impurities in flower biological material containing impurities;The second air suction device is used to suck out peanut pod in flower biological material containing impurities, and shoulder soil is discharged from the discharge port.This application of flower biological material containing impurities cleaning and removing impurities machine, its impurity removal process level is clear, fully considers the characteristics of peanut cleaning, each component has clear division of labor, the whole cleaning process is smooth and reasonable, by sucking away peanut and leaving shoulder soil, avoids the difficult problem of traditional stone remover for peanut shoulder soil cleaning, obtains the optimal cleaning effect to flower biological material containing impurities, and high operating efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peanut impurity removal technology, and in particular to a cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities. Background Technology

[0002] The peanut harvest contains a lot of impurities. For peanuts grown in hilly and mountainous areas, in addition to common impurities such as branches and leaves, the heavy and sticky soil in hilly and mountainous areas often mixes many soil clods of similar size into the pods during harvest. This poses a considerable challenge to the cleaning and grading of peanuts.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN 206168805 U discloses an automatic grain screening machine, which includes a vibrating screen, a suction separation device, and a destoning separation device. The suction separation device removes lighter impurities from the material, and the destoning separation device removes adjacent stones from the grain. This solution has the following problems:

[0004] On the one hand, the vertical structure of this patent is bulky, and although the suction separation device can perform multiple suction operations, it requires a lot of installation space, further increasing the overall size. Moreover, the air pressure is consistent across multiple suction operations, resulting in a lack of layered cleaning and poor impurity removal in actual use. Other patents, such as the suction cleaning structure including a fan and suction pipe shown in patent CN 103688685 A, can only perform one suction operation. To perform multiple suction operations, multiple sets of suction cleaning structures are required, which also require a large space and are costly.

[0005] On the other hand, the removal of stones from materials employs an inclined vibrating screen method, using a serrated destoning screen plate to separate grains from stones. Similar methods are also used in patents CN209124383U and CN2832333Y. However, this technology has some shortcomings: First, it is mainly designed for destoning small grain particles, and its effect on removing soil clods from peanuts is not ideal. Second, these devices tend to break soil clods when processing them, resulting in small soil clods mixed into the peanuts, requiring additional steps to remove these small soil clods, which not only increases the number of processes but also reduces efficiency. Finally, these devices can only remove stones and cannot simultaneously process other types of residual impurities. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities that can effectively remove various impurities, including light impurities and soil, and has a compact structure.

[0007] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities, which includes a base with a vibrating screen on the base. The peanut materials containing impurities can move on the vibrating screen, and a feed inlet, a first air suction device, a second air suction device, and a discharge outlet are sequentially arranged along the movement path. The first air suction device is used to remove light impurities from the peanut materials containing impurities.

[0008] The second air suction device is used to suck out peanut pods from the peanut material containing impurities, and the soil and impurities are discharged from the discharge port.

[0009] In the above structure, the inclined layout of the vibrating screen causes the material to move obliquely downward. The vibrating screen has screen holes. When the vibrating screen vibrates, it can remove small impurities such as soil particles from the peanut material. On the other hand, it can throw the material forward. The throwing action can make the material intermittently suspended, which makes it convenient for the first air suction device to suck out the light impurities, and for the second air suction device to suck out the peanuts and the remaining light impurities. Finally, only the soil and impurities are left to be discharged from the discharge port.

[0010] Furthermore, the first air suction device has a centrally located intermediate chamber, and also includes two side chambers located on both sides of the intermediate chamber and arranged front and back along the movement path; each side chamber is connected to the intermediate chamber; the intermediate chamber has a blade assembly and an air outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower end of the side chamber has an adjustable port that can be raised and lowered. By adjusting the height of the adjustable port, the lower end of the adjustable port can be brought as close to the vibrating screen as possible without affecting the material throwing process, thereby improving the success rate of material absorption. In other solutions, the adjustable port can be configured to slide telescopically relative to the side chamber, with a strip-shaped hole at the lower end of the adjustable port and a pin extending into the adjustable port at the edge of the vibrating screen. In this way, the movement of the vibrating screen can drive the adjustable port to slide up and down, allowing the adjustable port to approach the material in real time and improving the air suction effect for light impurities.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibrating screen is connected to the base via multiple parallel connecting rods, and an eccentric wheel is rotatably mounted on the base. The eccentric wheel is connected to the vibrating screen via connecting rods, and both ends of the connecting rods are rotatably connected to the eccentric wheel and the vibrating screen.

[0013] Furthermore, the second air suction device includes a separation chamber, the upper side of which is connected to a high-pressure blower assembly, and the lower side of which has a discharge mechanism; the second air suction device also includes an air suction pipe connected to the side wall of the separation chamber, and the lower port of the air suction pipe is positioned above the vibrating screen.

[0014] The aforementioned discharge mechanism is normally closed, but it can be opened as needed to discharge peanut pods accumulated at the bottom of the separation chamber. In this design, the discharge mechanism includes a vertically continuous discharge housing and a sealing plate rotatably installed within the discharge housing. The sealing plate is connected to the discharge housing via a rotating shaft, which is L-shaped and, in addition to its hinged portion, has an extension rod extending away from the sealing plate. A counterweight is fixed to the extension rod. With this structure, when the peanut pods in the separation chamber are heavy enough, they can push open the sealing plate, causing it to rotate downwards and release some of the pods. The counterweight then closes the sealing plate again, ensuring the air suction pipe maintains a high suction force. The high-pressure blower assembly can then draw the peanut pods from the air suction pipe into the separation chamber with minimal power consumption.

[0015] The upper end of the aforementioned air suction pipe is connected to the feed inlet located on the upper side wall of the separation chamber. An inner cylinder running vertically through the separation chamber is installed on the upper side of the chamber. The upper end of the inner cylinder is connected to the high-pressure blower assembly, and the lower end of the inner cylinder is lower than the feed inlet. Furthermore, the movement direction of the material entering the separation chamber from the upper end of the air suction pipe deviates from the central axis of the separation chamber. Thus, after peanut pods and a small amount of light impurities enter the separation chamber, due to the large weight of the peanut pods, they fall out of the suction range of the high-pressure blower assembly under the action of centrifugal force and fall to the bottom of the separation chamber. The airtight side wall of the inner cylinder can prevent peanut pods from being sucked into the high-pressure blower assembly, while the light impurities are sucked away from the bottom of the inner cylinder by the high-pressure blower assembly and discharged.

[0016] Furthermore, the air suction pipe includes, from bottom to top, a rectangular pipe section, a transition pipe section, and a circular pipe section. The cross-sectional shape of the transition pipe section gradually changes from rectangular to circular in the upward direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower end of the air suction pipe has a telescopic opening. This telescopic opening can be adjusted and fixed in position relative to the air suction pipe, ensuring that the lower end of the opening does not obstruct the material throwing motion and is closest to the vibrating screen, allowing the air suction pipe to promptly suck up the peanut pods. Alternatively, the vibrating screen can drive the telescopic opening to extend or retract relative to the air suction pipe, meaning the distance between the lower end of the telescopic opening and the vibrating screen remains constant, thus improving the continuity of the air suction pipe's absorption of peanut pods. In the latter embodiment, the way the vibrating screen drives the telescopic opening is consistent with the aforementioned adjustable opening sliding up and down, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The machine has a clear hierarchy of impurity removal processes, fully considers the characteristics of peanut cleaning, and each component has a clear division of labor. The entire cleaning process is smooth and reasonable. By sucking away the peanut and leaving the soil behind, it avoids the problem of cleaning the soil behind peanuts that is difficult for traditional destoners. It achieves the best cleaning effect on peanut materials containing impurities and has high operating efficiency.

[0020] (2) The first air suction device can perform two air suction and impurity removal operations on the material during the material movement. Since the middle chamber is between the two side chambers, only one set of blades is needed to complete the air suction operation of the two side chambers. The distance between the two side chambers allows the material to be fully thrown and turned after the first air suction operation before the second air suction and impurity removal operation. The layout is reasonable, which can make full use of space, reduce costs and has a good effect on removing light impurities.

[0021] (3) Based on the second air suction device, peanut pods, soil and debris and residual light impurities can be separated in one go, resulting in clean peanut pods with good cleaning effect and high efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a side view of a cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities.

[0023] Figure 2 A top view of a cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities;

[0024] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the combination of the first air suction device and the vibrating screen.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the lower end of the adjustable nozzle;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the second air suction device.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Base; 2-Vibrating screen; 21-Connecting rod; 22-Eccentric wheel; 23-Pin; 3-Inlet; 4-First air suction device; 41-Intermediate chamber; 42-Side chamber; 43-Blade assembly; 44-Adjustable port; 44a-Inclined surface; 45-Top cover; 46-Elastic mechanism; 461-Rod; 462-Connecting bracket; 463-Limit pin; 464-Spring; 47-Rotating support Frame; 48-Telescopic rod; 5-Second air suction device; 51-Separation chamber; 52-High pressure blower assembly; 53-Discharge mechanism; 531-Discharge shell; 532-Baffle plate; 533-Rotating shaft; 53a-Extension rod; 534-Counterweight block; 54-Air suction pipe; 54a-Rectangular pipe section; 54b-Transition pipe section; 54c-Circular pipe section; 55-Telescopic pipe opening; 56-Inner cylinder; 6-Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-3 The cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities shown includes a base 1 with a vibrating screen 2 on the base 1. The peanut materials containing impurities can move on the vibrating screen 2. The movement path is sequentially provided with an inlet 3, a first air suction device 4, a second air suction device 5, and a discharge port 6. The first air suction device 4 is used to suck out light impurities in the peanut materials containing impurities. The second air suction device 5 is used to suck out peanut pods in the peanut materials containing impurities, and the soil and impurities are discharged from the discharge port 6.

[0032] In the above structure, the inclined layout of the vibrating screen 2 causes the material to move obliquely downward. The vibrating screen 2 has screen holes. When the vibrating screen 2 vibrates, it can remove small impurities such as soil particles from the peanut material and throw the material forward. The throwing action can make the material intermittently suspended, which makes it convenient for the first air suction device 4 to suck out the light impurities and for the second air suction device 5 to suck out the peanuts and the remaining light impurities. Finally, only the soil impurities are left to be discharged from the discharge port 6.

[0033] The above-mentioned equipment has a clear hierarchy in the impurity removal process, fully considers the characteristics of peanut cleaning, and has a clear division of labor among its components. The entire cleaning process is smooth and reasonable. By sucking away the peanuts and leaving the soil behind, it avoids the problem of traditional destoners having difficulty in cleaning the soil from peanuts, achieving the best cleaning effect on peanut materials containing impurities, and has high operating efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, the first air suction device 4 has a centrally located intermediate chamber 41, and also includes two side chambers 42 located on both sides of the intermediate chamber 41 and arranged front and back along the movement path; each side chamber 42 is connected to the intermediate chamber 41; the intermediate chamber 41 has a blade assembly 43 and an air outlet.

[0035] With the above structure, the first air suction device 4 can perform two air suction and impurity removal operations on the material during the material movement. Since the intermediate chamber 41 is separated from the two side chambers 42, only one set of blades 43 is needed to complete the air suction operation of the two side chambers 42. Moreover, the distance between the two side chambers 42 allows the material to be fully thrown and turned over after the first air suction operation before the second air suction and impurity removal operation. The layout is reasonable, which can make full use of space, reduce costs, and has a good impurity removal effect on light impurities.

[0036] Furthermore, each of the side compartments 42 has a rotatable upper cover 45, which is connected to the outer shell of the intermediate compartment 41 via an elastic mechanism 46. The elastic mechanism 46 can adjust the opening angle of the upper cover 45 and apply an elastic force to the upper cover 45 to tend to close the lower cover 45. Specifically, as Figure 6 As shown, a rod 461 is rotatably connected to the upper cover 45, and a connecting bracket 462 is installed on the outer shell of the intermediate chamber 41. The rod 461 can slide relative to the connecting bracket 462, and has multiple equidistant adjustment holes. A limit pin 463 is inserted into one of the adjustment holes. A spring 464 is threaded onto the rod 461, with two springs 464 respectively abutting against the upper cover 45 and the connecting bracket 462. Under the action of the springs 464, the limit pin 463 abuts against the connecting bracket 462. With the above structure, by placing the limit pin 463 in different adjustment holes, the opening angle of the upper cover 45 can be adjusted to adjust the suction force of the lower end of the side chamber 42 on the material. The upper cover 45 can also elastically float relative to the intermediate chamber 41, so that the upper cover 45 has a certain ability to adaptively adjust its own angle to compensate for the wind force in the side chamber 42. Preferably, the opening angles of the upper covers 45 corresponding to the two side chambers 42 are not the same, so that the suction force at the lower end of the two side chambers 42 is different. This allows for layered air suction operations for materials, improving the cleaning effect. For example, easily removable light impurities can be sucked away first, while lighter impurities that are more difficult to suck away can be sucked away from the lower part of the rear side chamber 42.

[0037] The lower end of the side chamber 42 has an adjustable port 44 that can be raised and lowered. By adjusting the height of the adjustable port 44, the lower end of the adjustable port 44 can be brought as close as possible to the vibrating screen 2 without affecting the material throwing, thereby improving the success rate of material absorption.

[0038] In other embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the adjustable port 44 can also be configured to slide telescopically relative to the side chamber 42, and a strip hole is provided at the lower end of the adjustable port 44, and a pin 23 extending into the adjustable port 44 is provided at the edge of the vibrating screen 2. In this way, the movement of the vibrating screen 2 can drive the adjustable port 44 to slide up and down, so that the adjustable port 44 can approach the material in real time and improve the air suction effect on light impurities.

[0039] In another embodiment, as an improved design, the lower leading edge of the adjustable port 44 is provided with a slope 44a. A rotating bracket 47 is installed inside the adjustable port 44, which can rotate along the inner surface of the slope 44a. A set of stop bars 48 are arranged and fixed on the rotating bracket 47, and these stop bars 48 have the ability to rotate relative to the rotating bracket 47. The slope 44a is provided with corresponding guide holes for the extension and retraction of the stop bars 48. Furthermore, the rotating bracket 47 is directly connected to the vibrating screen 2, ensuring that when the vibrating screen 2 performs reciprocating vibration, it can drive the rotating bracket 47 to perform reciprocating rotation, thereby causing the stop bars 48 to achieve reciprocating extension and retraction.

[0040] In a specific working scenario, when the vibrating screen 2 reciprocates to push the material, the material is thrown backward. The material originally located at the front end of the adjustable opening 44 is thrown to the inclined plane 44a and moves downward along the inclined plane 44a. During this process, long impurities such as straw are blocked by the baffle 48. As the baffle 48 retracts into the adjustable opening 44, these long impurities fall off and deposit on the surface of the material. As for the material in the area below the inclined plane 44a, it continues to be thrown backward into the space below the adjustable opening 44. Thanks to the effective placement of long impurities on the top layer of the material, the subsequent suction process is more efficient, significantly enhancing the effect of impurity separation.

[0041] The vibrating screen 2 is connected to the base 1 by a plurality of parallel connecting rods 21, and an eccentric wheel 22 is rotatably mounted on the base 1. The eccentric wheel 22 is connected to the vibrating screen 2 by connecting rods 21, and both ends of the connecting rods 21 are rotatably connected to the eccentric wheel 22 and the vibrating screen 2.

[0042] With the above structure, the vibrating screen 2 is always in a flat position and swings back and forth along an arc. The eccentric wheel 22 makes the swinging motion of the vibrating screen 2 asymmetrical through the connecting rod 21, which can throw the screen in one direction, realize the full vibration and tumbling of the material, screen out the fine impurities, and facilitate the air suction device to suck away the light impurities and peanut pods in the material.

[0043] The second air suction device 5 includes a separation chamber 51, the upper side of which is connected to a high-pressure blower assembly 52, and the lower side of which has a discharge mechanism 53; the second air suction device 5 also includes an air suction pipe 54 connected to the side wall of the separation chamber 51, and the lower opening of the air suction pipe 54 is positioned above the vibrating screen 2.

[0044] The aforementioned discharge mechanism 53 is normally closed, but it can be opened as needed to discharge the peanut pods accumulated at the bottom of the separation chamber 51. For example, the discharge mechanism 53 can be opened periodically. In this embodiment, if... Figure 7 As shown, the discharge mechanism 53 includes a discharge housing 531 that extends vertically, and a sealing plate 532 rotatably installed within the discharge housing 531. The sealing plate 532 is connected to the discharge housing 531 via a rotating shaft 533. The rotating shaft 533 is L-shaped and, in addition to its hinged portion, has an extension rod 53a extending away from the sealing plate 532. A counterweight 534 is fixed to the extension rod 53a. With this structure, when the peanut pods in the separation chamber 51 are heavy enough, they can push open the sealing plate 532, causing it to rotate downwards to release some of the peanut pods. Then, the counterweight 534 closes the sealing plate 532 again, ensuring that the air suction pipe 54 maintains a large suction force. The high-pressure blower assembly 52 can then draw the peanut pods from the air suction pipe 54 into the separation chamber 51 with minimal power consumption.

[0045] The upper end of the aforementioned air suction pipe 54 is connected to the feed inlet located on the upper side of the side wall of the separation chamber 51. An inner cylinder 56, which runs vertically through the interior of the separation chamber 51, is installed on the upper side. The upper end of the inner cylinder 56 is connected to the high-pressure blower assembly 52, and the lower end of the inner cylinder 56 is lower than the feed inlet. Furthermore, the movement direction of the material entering the separation chamber 51 from the upper end of the air suction pipe 54 deviates from the central axis of the separation chamber 51. Thus, after peanut pods and a small amount of light impurities enter the separation chamber 51, due to the large weight of the peanut pods, they fall out of the suction range of the high-pressure blower assembly 52 under the action of centrifugal force and fall to the bottom of the separation chamber 51. The airtight side wall of the inner cylinder 56 can prevent peanut pods from being sucked into the high-pressure blower assembly 52, while light impurities are sucked away from the bottom of the inner cylinder 56 by the high-pressure blower assembly 52 and discharged.

[0046] Based on the second air suction device 5, peanut pods, soil and debris, and residual light impurities can be completely separated in one go, resulting in clean peanut pods with good cleaning effect and high efficiency.

[0047] The air suction pipe 54 comprises, from bottom to top, a rectangular pipe section 54a, a transition pipe section 54b, and a circular pipe section 54c. The cross-sectional shape of the transition pipe section 54b gradually changes from rectangular to circular in the upward direction. In this way, peanut pods over a relatively wide area can be sucked up simultaneously, improving work efficiency, and the sucked material can be gathered and enter the machine base 1.

[0048] Preferably, the lower end of the air suction pipe 54 has a telescopic port 55. The telescopic port 55 can be adjusted and fixed in position relative to the air suction pipe 54, so that the lower end of the telescopic port 55 does not obstruct the material throwing motion and is closest to the vibrating screen 2, so that the air suction pipe 54 can suck up the peanut pods in time. Alternatively, the vibrating screen 2 can drive the telescopic port 55 to extend and retract relative to the air suction pipe 54, that is, the distance between the lower end of the telescopic port 55 and the vibrating screen 2 remains unchanged, thereby improving the continuity of the air suction pipe 54 in sucking up the peanut pods. In the latter solution, the way the vibrating screen 2 drives the telescopic port 55 to move is the same as the way the adjustable port 44 slides up and down, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities, comprising a base (1), wherein a vibrating screen (2) is provided on the base (1), the peanut materials containing impurities can move on the vibrating screen (2), and an inlet (3), a first air suction device (4), a second air suction device (5), and a discharge port (6) are sequentially arranged along the movement path; the first air suction device (4) is used to suck out light impurities in the peanut materials containing impurities; characterized in that: The second air suction device (5) is used to suck out peanut pods from the peanut material containing impurities, and the soil and impurities are discharged from the discharge port (6); The first air suction device (4) has a centrally located intermediate chamber (41) and two side chambers (42) located on both sides of the intermediate chamber (41) and arranged front and back on the movement path; each side chamber (42) is connected to the intermediate chamber (41); the intermediate chamber (41) has a blade assembly (43) and an air outlet; The second air suction device (5) includes a separation chamber (51), the upper side of which is connected to a high-pressure blower assembly (52), and the lower side of which has a discharge mechanism (53); the second air suction device (5) also includes an air suction pipe (54) connected to the side wall of the separation chamber (51), and the lower port of the air suction pipe (54) is located above the vibrating screen (2); The air intake pipe (54) includes a rectangular pipe section (54a), a transition pipe section (54b) and a circular pipe section (54c) from bottom to top. The cross-sectional shape of the transition pipe section (54b) gradually changes from square to circular in the direction from bottom to top.

2. The cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the side compartment (42) has an adjustable port (44) that can be raised and lowered.

3. The cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating screen (2) is connected to the base (1) by a plurality of parallel connecting rods (21), and an eccentric wheel (22) is rotatably mounted on the base (1), and the eccentric wheel (22) is connected to the vibrating screen (2) by the connecting rods (21).

4. The cleaning and impurity removal machine for peanut materials containing impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the air suction pipe (54) has a telescopic port (55).

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