A flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention provides a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and its preparation method, belonging to the field of flame-retardant and heat-insulating materials. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by this invention includes multiple functional layers and an adhesive layer disposed between adjacent functional layers; each functional layer is independently a heat-insulating cotton pad or a heat-conducting foil; at least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material is a heat-insulating cotton pad; the number of heat-conducting foil layers is not less than two, and adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously heat-conducting foils; the adhesive layer is a high-temperature resistant resin. The heat-insulating cotton pad and heat-conducting foil in the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by this invention have flame-retardant properties; when the heat insulation performance is tested using a soldering iron, the temperature on the front of the iron sheet is concentrated at 229°C, while the temperature on the back after passing through the heat-insulating material is uniformly distributed and only 61°C, exhibiting good high-temperature resistance, flame-retardant properties, heat insulation performance, and heat insulation uniformity, and can be used for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flame-retardant and heat-insulating materials, and more particularly to a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Flame-retardant thermal insulation materials are now used in important areas of many industries, such as construction, automotive, aerospace, electronics, and industrial applications. In the construction sector, high-efficiency thermal insulation materials can reduce building energy consumption, improve thermal comfort, and reduce reliance on air conditioning and heating systems. In the industrial equipment sector, many industrial processes need to be carried out in high-temperature environments. These devices require thermal insulation materials to prevent energy loss and thermal pollution of the environment. High-efficiency thermal insulation materials can reduce energy consumption, improve the efficiency of industrial processes, and improve working conditions and the environment.

[0003] However, existing thermal insulation materials often suffer from the following problems: limited high-temperature resistance, many thermal insulation materials are limited in performance under high-temperature environments and cannot withstand extreme high-temperature conditions, leading to a decline in the thermal performance of the materials, or even problems such as softening, melting or burning; poor durability, they are prone to aging, degradation or damage under long-term use or harsh environments, resulting in a decline in their thermal insulation performance; and concentrated heat on the surface (poor thermal insulation uniformity), in high-temperature environments, the surface of the thermal insulation material may absorb thermal radiation and release heat energy in the form of radiation, resulting in heat concentration in this area. The mismatch in the coefficients of thermal expansion leads to thermal stress concentration, affecting the use of equipment.

[0004] Therefore, providing a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material with good high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy, heat insulation performance and heat insulation uniformity, which can be used for a long time, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and its preparation method. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by this invention has good high-temperature resistance, flame-retardant properties, heat insulation properties, and heat insulation uniformity, and can be used for a long time.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material includes multiple functional layers and an adhesive layer disposed between two adjacent functional layers; each functional layer is independently a heat-insulating cotton pad or a heat-conducting foil.

[0008] At least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material is a heat-insulating cotton pad;

[0009] The thermally conductive foil has no fewer than two layers, and two adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously thermally conductive foils;

[0010] The adhesive layer is made of high-temperature resistant resin.

[0011] Preferably, the arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, and heat insulation pad.

[0012] Preferably, the arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, and heat conduction foil.

[0013] Preferably, the arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, and heat insulation pad.

[0014] Preferably, the material of the heat insulation pad includes glass fiber cotton, mineral wool, or ceramic fiber cotton.

[0015] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant resin includes silicone resin, polyimide resin, or epoxy resin.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) The functional layers are laid one by one in the mold to obtain a multi-layer composite structure; during the laying, after each functional layer is laid, a layer of high-temperature resistant resin slurry is coated on the surface of the functional layer.

[0018] (2) The multi-layer composite structure obtained in step (1) is subjected to hot pressing to obtain a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material.

[0019] Preferably, the solid content of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry in step (1) is 30-50%.

[0020] Preferably, the coating amount of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry in step (1) is 50-150 g / m². 2 .

[0021] Preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment in step (2) is 80–120°C, and the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 30–50 kg / cm². 2 The hot pressing time is 45 to 90 seconds.

[0022] This invention provides a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, comprising multiple functional layers and an adhesive layer disposed between adjacent functional layers; each functional layer is independently either a heat-insulating pad or a heat-conducting foil; at least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material is a heat-insulating pad; the number of heat-conducting foil layers is not less than two, and adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously heat-conducting foils; the adhesive layer is a high-temperature resistant resin. This invention uses a high-temperature resistant resin as the adhesive layer, which can improve the high-temperature resistance and durability of the composite material while ensuring good structural stability; using heat-insulating pads and heat-conducting foils as functional layers enables the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material to have good flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties, while the heat-conducting foils can improve the strength and durability of the composite material; by setting at least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material as a heat-insulating pad, good heat-insulating properties can be ensured; by providing at least two layers of heat-conducting foils in the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, and ensuring that adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously heat-conducting foils, the heat insulation uniformity of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material is improved. Experimental results show that the heat insulation cotton pad and heat-conducting foil in the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by the present invention do not burn at 300℃ and have flame-retardant properties. When the heat insulation performance is tested with an electric soldering iron, the temperature on the front of the iron sheet is concentrated at 229℃, while the temperature on the back after passing through the heat insulation material is uniformly distributed and only 61℃. It has good high-temperature resistance, flame retardant properties, heat insulation properties and heat insulation uniformity, and can be used for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the self-made acrylic box used in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a temperature conduction diagram of the iron sheet surface without the application of heat insulation material in this invention; wherein, the left diagram is the front temperature diagram and the right diagram is the back temperature diagram;

[0025] Figure 3 The image shows the surface temperature conduction of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material prepared in Example 1 of this invention after being covered with an iron sheet; the left image is the front temperature diagram, and the right image is the back temperature diagram.

[0026] Figure 4 The images show the surface of the thermally conductive copper foil and the heat-insulating cotton pad in Embodiment 1 of the present invention after a combustion test; the left image shows the thermally conductive copper foil and the right image shows the heat-insulating cotton pad.

[0027] Figure 5 The image shows the surface temperature conduction of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material prepared in Example 2 of this invention after being covered with an iron sheet; the left image is the front temperature diagram, and the right image is the back temperature diagram.

[0028] Figure 6The image shows the surface temperature conduction of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material prepared in Example 3 of this invention after being covered with an iron sheet; the left image is the front temperature diagram, and the right image is the back temperature diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention provides a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, comprising multiple functional layers and an adhesive layer disposed between two adjacent functional layers.

[0030] The flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by this invention comprises multiple functional layers. In this invention, each functional layer is independently a heat-insulating cotton pad or a heat-conducting foil.

[0031] In this invention, the material of the heat insulation pad preferably includes glass fiber cotton, mineral wool, or ceramic fiber cotton, and more preferably glass fiber cotton. Limiting the material of the heat insulation pad to the above-mentioned range ensures that the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material has good heat insulation and flame-retardant properties.

[0032] In this invention, the thermally conductive foil is preferably a thermally conductive copper foil or a thermally conductive aluminum foil. Limiting the type of thermally conductive foil to the above-mentioned range ensures that the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material has good thermal insulation uniformity.

[0033] In this invention, the thickness of the heat-insulating cotton pad layer is preferably 2.5–3.0 mm, more preferably 2.5–2.8 mm; the thickness of the heat-conducting foil layer is preferably 0.5–1 mm, more preferably 0.5–0.8 mm. Limiting the thickness of the heat-insulating cotton pad and the heat-conducting foil to the above ranges ensures that the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite material has good heat insulation performance and heat insulation uniformity.

[0034] In this invention, at least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material is a heat-insulating cotton pad. By setting at least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material as a heat-insulating cotton pad, this invention can ensure that the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material has good heat insulation performance.

[0035] In this invention, the number of thermally conductive foil layers is not less than two, and adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously thermally conductive foils. By incorporating at least two layers of thermally conductive foils into the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, and ensuring that adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously thermally conductive foils, this invention can improve the insulation uniformity of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material.

[0036] In this invention, the total number of functional layers is preferably six or more, more preferably six. Setting the total number of functional layers to the above-mentioned number ensures that the composite material has good thermal insulation uniformity and good thermal insulation performance.

[0037] In one technical solution of the present invention, the arrangement of the plurality of functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad, heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil and heat insulation cotton pad.

[0038] In another technical solution of the present invention, the arrangement of the plurality of functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad and heat conduction foil.

[0039] In another technical solution of the present invention, the arrangement of the plurality of functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad and heat insulation cotton pad.

[0040] The flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by this invention further includes an adhesive layer disposed between two adjacent functional layers. In this invention, the adhesive layer is a high-temperature resistant resin; the high-temperature resistant resin includes silicone resin, polyimide resin, or epoxy resin. By using a high-temperature resistant resin as the adhesive layer and limiting the types of high-temperature resistant resin to the above-mentioned range, this invention can improve the high-temperature resistance and durability of the composite material while ensuring good structural stability.

[0041] This invention uses a high-temperature resistant resin as a bonding layer, which can improve the high-temperature resistance and durability of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material while ensuring good structural stability. Using heat-insulating cotton pads and thermally conductive foils as functional layers enables the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material to have good flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties. Simultaneously, the thermally conductive foils can improve the strength and durability of the composite material. By setting at least one of the outermost layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material as a heat-insulating cotton pad, good heat insulation performance can be ensured. By setting at least two layers of thermally conductive foils in the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, and ensuring that adjacent functional layers are not simultaneously thermally conductive foils, the heat insulation uniformity of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material is improved.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) The functional layers are laid one by one in the mold to obtain a multi-layer composite structure; during the laying, after each functional layer is laid, a layer of high-temperature resistant resin slurry is coated on the surface of the functional layer.

[0044] (2) The multi-layer composite structure obtained in step (1) is subjected to hot pressing to obtain a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material.

[0045] This invention lays functional layers one by one inside the mold to obtain a multi-layer composite structure.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mold is a self-made acrylic box; the outer dimensions of the acrylic box are 110×90×10mm, the inner dimensions are 104×84×6mm, and the wall thickness is 2.8mm. Limiting the dimensions of the acrylic box to the above-mentioned dimensions in this invention facilitates the pressing into a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material of suitable and uniform thickness.

[0047] In this invention, during the laying process, after each functional layer is laid, a layer of high-temperature resistant resin slurry is coated on the surface of the functional layer; the solvent of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry is preferably anhydrous ethanol; the solid content of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry is preferably 30-50%, more preferably 35-45%, and even more preferably 40%; the coating amount of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry is preferably 50-150 g / m². 2 More preferably 80–120 g / m 2 Further preferred is 100g / m 2 This invention uses a high-temperature resistant resin slurry to bond each layer, enabling the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material to possess excellent heat resistance. By limiting the type, solid content, and coating amount of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry to the aforementioned ranges, this invention ensures strong adhesion between layers, which is beneficial to the structural stability of the subsequent composite material.

[0048] After obtaining the multi-layer composite structure, the present invention performs hot pressing treatment on the multi-layer composite structure to obtain a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material.

[0049] In this invention, the hot pressing treatment is preferably performed in a hot press; the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is preferably 80–120°C, more preferably 90–110°C, and even more preferably 100°C; the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is preferably 30–50 kg / cm². 2 More preferably, it is 35–45 kg / cm². 2 Further preferred is 40 kg / cm 2 The hot-pressing treatment time is preferably 45–90 s, more preferably 55–70 s, and even more preferably 60 s. This invention limits the temperature, pressure, and time of the hot-pressing treatment to the above ranges to ensure strong adhesion between the layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and the stability of the material structure.

[0050] The preparation method provided by this invention can bond each functional layer together by coating with a high-temperature resistant resin slurry, thereby improving the high-temperature resistance and structural stability of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material; the hot-pressing treatment can further improve the overall strength of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, thereby improving its durability.

[0051] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material comprises six functional layers and an adhesive layer disposed between adjacent functional layers; the arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat-insulating cotton pad, heat-conducting foil, heat-insulating cotton pad, heat-insulating cotton pad, heat-conducting foil, and heat-insulating cotton pad; the heat-insulating cotton pad is made of glass fiber cotton; the thickness of the heat-insulating cotton pad layer is 2.5 mm; the heat-conducting foil is a heat-conducting copper foil; the thickness of the heat-conducting copper foil layer is 0.5 mm; the adhesive layer is a high-temperature resistant resin.

[0054] The preparation method of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material consists of the following steps:

[0055] (1) A multi-layer composite structure is obtained by layering a heat-insulating cotton pad made of glass fiber cotton and a heat-conducting copper foil sheet inside a self-made acrylic box with an outer dimension of 110×90×10mm, an inner dimension of 104×84×6mm, and a wall thickness of 2.8mm. During the laying process, after each functional layer is laid, a layer of high-temperature resistant resin slurry with a solid content of 45% is coated on the surface of the functional layer for bonding. The coating amount of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry is 100g / m². 2 ;

[0056] (2) The multi-layer composite structure obtained in step (1) is placed in a hot press at a temperature of 100℃ and a pressure of 40Kg for 60s to obtain a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material.

[0057] A picture of the homemade acrylic box is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0058] Using an iron sheet as the test substrate material, the heat insulation performance of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material of Example 1 was tested by heating the center of the iron sheet with a single electric soldering iron heat source.

[0059] The surface temperature conduction diagram of the iron sheet without the application of insulation material is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the left image is the front temperature map, and the right image is the back temperature map. Figure 2 From this, we can conclude that after the soldering iron has been heated for 3 minutes, the temperature of the heat source point on the front of the iron sheet is 229℃. Figure 2 As can be seen in the right image, there is a high-temperature point (a white high-temperature point) of heat source on the back, and the temperature at the center of the back is 150℃, which shows that the heat is concentrated in a local area.

[0060] The surface temperature conduction diagram of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material prepared in Example 1 after being covered with iron sheets is shown in the figure below. Figure 3 As shown, the left image is the front temperature map, and the right image is the back temperature map. Figure 3 It can be concluded that the temperature of the heat source point on the front of the iron sheet is concentrated at 229°C, while the temperature on the back after passing through the heat insulation material does not have an obvious temperature difference (there is no high temperature area that turns white or yellow), and is uniformly distributed at 61°C. Compared with the high temperature point of 150°C when there is no heat insulation material, the flame-retardant heat insulation composite material prepared in this embodiment has effective heat insulation performance and heat insulation uniformity.

[0061] The surface images of the thermally conductive copper foil and the heat-insulating cotton pad in Example 1 after the combustion test are shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the left image is a thermally conductive copper foil sheet, and the right image is a thermal insulation pad.

[0062] The combustion test is performed by vertically suspending a heat-conducting copper foil sheet or heat-insulating cotton pad and exposing it to a flame (above 300°C) for a period of time. After removing the flame, the combustion time and flame propagation length are measured.

[0063] from Figure 4 As can be seen, neither the heat insulation pad nor the heat-conducting copper foil burned in the combustion test, demonstrating good flame-retardant properties.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is only that the arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad and heat conduction foil, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Using an iron sheet as the test substrate material, the heat insulation performance of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material of Example 2 was tested by heating the center of the iron sheet with a single electric soldering iron heat source.

[0067] The surface temperature conduction diagram of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material prepared in Example 2 after being covered with iron sheets is shown in the figure below. Figure 5 As shown, the left image is the front temperature map, and the right image is the back temperature map. Figure 5 It can be concluded that the temperature of the heat source point on the front of the iron sheet is concentrated at 229°C, while the temperature on the back after passing through the heat insulation material does not show obvious temperature differences (there are no high-temperature areas that turn white or yellow), and is uniformly distributed at 91°C. Compared with the high-temperature point of 150°C that exists without heat insulation material, the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite material prepared in this embodiment has effective heat insulation performance and heat insulation uniformity.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is only that the arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation cotton pad and heat insulation cotton pad, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Using an iron sheet as the test substrate material, the heat insulation performance of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material of Example 3 was tested by heating the center of the iron sheet with a single electric soldering iron heat source.

[0071] The surface temperature conduction diagram of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material prepared in Example 3 after being covered with iron sheets is shown in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown, the left image is the front temperature map, and the right image is the back temperature map. Figure 6 It can be concluded that the temperature of the heat source point on the front of the iron sheet is concentrated at 229°C. Although the temperature distribution on the back after passing through the heat insulation material is not very uniform, there is no very obvious temperature difference, which is unevenly distributed from 79°C to 130°C. Compared with the high temperature point of 150°C when there is no heat insulation material, the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite material prepared in this embodiment has effective heat insulation performance.

[0072] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the heat insulation cotton pad and the heat-conducting foil in the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material provided by the present invention both have flame-retardant properties; when the heat insulation performance is tested by an electric soldering iron, the temperature on the front of the iron sheet is concentrated at 229°C, while the temperature on the back after passing through the heat insulation material is uniformly distributed and only 61°C, which has good flame-retardant properties, heat insulation performance and heat insulation uniformity.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material, characterized in that, It consists of multiple functional layers and an adhesive layer disposed between two adjacent functional layers; each functional layer is independently an insulating cotton pad or a thermally conductive foil. The arrangement of the multiple functional layers from bottom to top is as follows: heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, heat insulation pad, heat insulation pad, heat conduction foil, and heat insulation pad; The thermally conductive foil is a thermally conductive copper foil or a thermally conductive aluminum foil; The adhesive layer is a high-temperature resistant resin; The heat insulation pad is made of materials including glass fiber cotton, mineral wool, or ceramic fiber cotton.

2. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant resin includes silicone resin, polyimide resin, or epoxy resin.

3. A method for preparing the flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the following steps: (1) The functional layers are laid one by one in the mold to obtain a multi-layer composite structure; during the laying, after each functional layer is laid, a layer of high-temperature resistant resin slurry is coated on the surface of the functional layer. (2) The multi-layer composite structure obtained in step (1) is subjected to hot pressing to obtain a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid content of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry in step (1) is 30-50%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The coating amount of the high-temperature resistant resin slurry in step (1) is 50-150 g / m 2 .

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature of the hot-pressing treatment in step (2) is 80-120°C, the pressure of the hot-pressing treatment is 30-50 kg / cm 2 , and the time of the hot-pressing treatment is 45-90 s.

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