Industrial control system equipment health monitoring system based on blockchain

Abstract

The present invention provides an industrial control system equipment health monitoring system based on blockchain, specifically comprising: an industrial control system data acquisition interface, and a blockchain network composed of multiple blockchain nodes; wherein at least one of the blockchain nodes is deployed for each participant of the industrial control system. The present invention aims to solve the trust and security issues of the industrial control system equipment health monitoring data in data integration and sharing, and by introducing blockchain technology, ensure the data is tamper-proof and traceable; through smart contracts, realize the automation of maintenance notification and quality assessment of industrial control system equipment; thus, the present invention can ultimately improve data transparency and collaboration efficiency, and provide a reliable data sharing platform for industrial control system participants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of industrial control network technology, and specifically to a blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] The industrial control system is an industrial automation information platform composed of sensors, logic controllers, actuators, network communication modules, data processing servers and other equipment. The functions of the industrial control system mainly include automatic control of industrial production lines, fault monitoring and alarm, and optimization and deployment of production plans and production processes. With the development and progress of technology in the field of intelligent manufacturing, the role of industrial control systems has become increasingly prominent. In particular, for the equipment of industrial control systems, their health monitoring data plays a vital role in modern industry.

[0003] Traditional industrial control systems face multiple challenges in the integration and sharing of equipment health monitoring data, including data silos, data synchronization issues, and data permission management. In particular, existing technologies mainly rely on centralized data storage and management models, which are subject to the risk of data tampering and single point failures. In addition, for the equipment health monitoring, maintenance, and equipment quality evaluation of industrial control systems, data sharing lacks transparency and trust mechanisms between different participants such as designers, users, and maintainers, making it difficult to audit and trace equipment health monitoring data.

[0004] In recent years, blockchain technology has gradually attracted attention due to its decentralization, immutability and traceability, and has become a potential solution to the above problems. In particular, the alliance chain architecture can establish a trust relationship between multiple participants and realize automated and intelligent management through smart contracts, providing a new idea for solving the above problems in the health monitoring of industrial control system equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Purpose of application

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide an industrial control system equipment health monitoring system based on blockchain. The present invention aims to solve the trust and security issues of industrial control system equipment health monitoring data in data integration and sharing, and by introducing blockchain technology, ensure the immutability and traceability of data; through smart contracts, realize the automation of maintenance notifications and quality assessments of industrial control system equipment; through the access control list (ACL) of the blockchain, realize data permission management, and ensure that only authorized parties can access and operate specific data; thus, the present invention can ultimately improve data transparency and collaboration efficiency, and provide a reliable data sharing platform for the builders, operators and maintainers of industrial control systems.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] The present application discloses a blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system, the system specifically comprising: an industrial control system data acquisition interface, and a blockchain network consisting of multiple blockchain nodes; wherein at least one blockchain node is deployed for each participant of the industrial control system, characterized in that:

[0009] The industrial control system data acquisition interface collects the equipment health monitoring data of the industrial control system in real time through the IoT gateway deployed on the edge side of the industrial control system, and after data preprocessing, sends it to the blockchain node of the corresponding participant according to the type of the equipment health monitoring data;

[0010] Each of the blockchain nodes obtains the equipment health monitoring data related to the participant from the industrial control system through the industrial control system data acquisition interface, and shares the equipment health monitoring data related to the participant with other blockchain nodes in the blockchain network; each blockchain node performs consensus verification and storage on the shared equipment health monitoring data.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the blockchain nodes of the blockchain network are interconnected through a P2P network to form a decentralized network structure.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, each blockchain node includes a blockchain ledger and a consensus verification unit; the blockchain node records the device health monitoring data in blocks as data units through the blockchain ledger of the node; and the blockchain nodes in the blockchain network perform consensus verification on the obtained device health monitoring data through the consensus verification unit, and the device health monitoring data is allowed to be written into the blockchain ledger only after the consensus verification is passed.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the process of the consensus verification unit realizing consensus verification of data and writing it into the blockchain ledger includes: proposal, pre-preparation, preparation and submission stages; in the proposal stage, the master node that wishes to share and write the device health monitoring data initiates a proposal, and the master node packages the data into a block proposal, uses the global sequence number counter of the current view to assign a sequence number to the block proposal, and calculates the hash value of the block; the view describes the specific composition of the currently valid master node and slave node of the blockchain network; in the pre-preparation stage, the master node executes the broadcast proposal, encapsulates the block proposal, sequence number, hash value and other necessary information into a pre-preparation message containing the proposal, and broadcasts it to all other slave nodes; in the preparation stage, the slave node receives the pre-preparation message containing the proposal from the master node and verifies the proposal; after the verification is passed, the slave node generates a preparation message and broadcasts it to other nodes; each node collects the preparation messages of other nodes; when each node collects at least 2f + 1 After receiving a valid prepare message, the submission phase begins; f represents the maximum expected number of faulty nodes in the blockchain network; in the submission phase, the nodes reach a consensus on the proposal, and write the consensus proposal into the blockchain ledger of this node.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the specific verification proposal steps of the secondary node include: (1) view number verification: confirming that the view number in the pre-prepare message is consistent with the currently effective view number. Figure 1 (2) Serial number verification: confirm that the serial number is within the legal range and is not occupied; (3) Hash value verification: calculate the hash value of the proposal and compare it with the received hash value; (4) Signature verification: verify the digital signature of the master node. The above thus realizes the writing of the device health monitoring data that is desired to be shared and stored into the blockchain ledger shared by each blockchain node.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, each blockchain node also includes a smart contract unit, which matches the device health monitoring data written in the blockchain ledger with the contract execution conditions, triggers the execution of the contract operation based on a successful match, and registers the execution result of the contract operation to the blockchain ledger through the consensus verification unit using the PBFT consensus mechanism.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the smart contract unit monitors the operating status of the device in real time by writing the device health monitoring data into the blockchain ledger based on the PBFT consensus mechanism in each round. When an abnormality is found, the smart contract automatically triggers a maintenance notification.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the smart contract unit writes the equipment health monitoring data into the blockchain ledger based on the PBFT consensus mechanism in each round, performs health indicator statistics on the industrial control system equipment according to a preset statistical period, calculates the quality score of the industrial control system equipment according to the scoring rules, and shares it between the blockchain nodes and records it in the blockchain ledger through the above PBFT consensus mechanism.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the terminal of each participant in the industrial control system can view and download shared data from the blockchain ledger of the blockchain node of the party through the blockchain browser installed on the terminal.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the blockchain node has an access control unit, which implements data permission management through an access control list for the blockchain browser requesting access to the blockchain ledger of this node, ensuring that only authorized parties can access and operate specific data.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects

[0021] The present invention introduces blockchain technology and utilizes the immutability and traceability of blockchain to ensure the authenticity and reliability of data, significantly improving the trust and security of the integration and sharing of the health monitoring data of industrial control system equipment. The application of smart contracts realizes the automation of equipment maintenance notifications and quality assessments, greatly improving operational efficiency. Through the access control list (ACL) of the blockchain, fine data permission management is achieved to ensure that only authorized parties can access and operate specific data. Ultimately, the present invention greatly improves data transparency and collaboration efficiency, reduces the communication time cost of various participants in the previous industrial control system, and provides an efficient and reliable industrial control system monitoring platform based on a data sharing mechanism for the builders, operators and maintainers of the industrial control system.

[0022] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present application will be described in the following description to some extent, and will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present application to some extent. The objectives and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain and illustrate the present application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blockchain node composition of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an industrial control system equipment health monitoring system based on blockchain, and the system specifically includes: an industrial control system data acquisition interface, and a blockchain network composed of multiple blockchain nodes; wherein, at least one blockchain node is deployed for each participant of the industrial control system; each blockchain node obtains the equipment health monitoring data related to the participant from the industrial control system through the industrial control system data acquisition interface, and shares the equipment health monitoring data related to the participant to other blockchain nodes of the blockchain network.

[0028] The industrial control system data acquisition interface collects the equipment health monitoring data of the industrial control system in real time and performs data preprocessing through the Internet of Things gateway deployed on the edge side of the industrial control system. Specifically, the sensors, logic controllers, actuators, network communication modules, data processing servers and other devices of the industrial control system can generate their own equipment health monitoring data; and the Internet of Things gateway performs data preprocessing, including data noise filtering, data format unification, similar data aggregation, etc. In order to ensure the confidentiality of the data, the Internet of Things gateway uses the symmetric encryption algorithm AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) to encrypt the data, and then sends the equipment health monitoring data to the industrial control system data acquisition interface. In addition, the Internet of Things gateway is equipped with a data type tag field and a Unix timestamp for each piece of equipment health monitoring data.

[0029] Furthermore, the industrial control system data acquisition interface sends the equipment health monitoring data to the blockchain node of the corresponding participant according to the type of the equipment health monitoring data. Each participant of the industrial control system, including the builder, operator and maintainer, can deploy one or more blockchain nodes. The builder's node is responsible for recording and verifying the equipment health monitoring data during the construction phase of the industrial control system, such as data related to equipment installation, debugging, etc.; the operator's node is responsible for recording and verifying the equipment health monitoring data during the operation phase of the industrial control system, such as data related to equipment operating status, performance indicators, alarm information, etc.; the maintainer's node is responsible for recording and verifying the equipment health monitoring data during the maintenance phase of the industrial control system, such as data related to equipment maintenance, troubleshooting records, etc. The industrial control system data acquisition interface determines the data to be sent to the blockchain node of the corresponding participant according to the above types of equipment health monitoring data uploaded by the Internet of Things gateway.

[0030] The blockchain network adopts a consortium chain architecture. Each participant (builder, operator, and maintainer) stores, verifies, and shares equipment health monitoring data through corresponding blockchain nodes, and jointly maintains the integrity and security of the data. Each node of the blockchain network is interconnected through a P2P (Peer-to-Peer) network to form a decentralized network structure. The P2P network ensures high availability and anti-attack resistance of the data.

[0031] The blockchain node is responsible for verifying and recording the health monitoring data of industrial control system equipment. Figure 2 , each blockchain node includes a blockchain account book and a consensus verification unit; the blockchain node records the device health monitoring data in blocks through the blockchain account book of the node; and the blockchain nodes in the blockchain network perform consensus verification on the obtained device health monitoring data through the consensus verification unit, and the device health monitoring data is allowed to be written into the blockchain account book only after the consensus verification is passed.

[0032] The consensus verification unit adopts the PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus mechanism to ensure security and reliability in a multi-node environment. For each blockchain node, the process of sharing the device health monitoring data obtained by the node with other nodes, realizing consensus verification of the data and writing it into the blockchain ledger includes: proposal, pre-preparation, preparation and submission stages. In the proposal stage, the node (hereinafter referred to as the master node) that hopes to share and write the device health monitoring data initiates a proposal. The master node packages the data into a block proposal, assigns a sequence number to the block proposal using the global sequence number counter of the current view, and calculates the hash value of the block; the view describes the specific composition of the currently valid master node and slave node of the blockchain network. In the pre-preparation stage, the master node executes the broadcast proposal, encapsulates the block proposal, sequence number, hash value and other necessary information (such as view number, message type, etc.) into a pre-prepared message containing the proposal, and broadcasts it to all other blockchain nodes (hereinafter referred to as slave nodes). In the preparation phase, the secondary node receives the pre-preparation message containing the proposal from the primary node and verifies the proposal. The specific verification steps include: (1) View number verification: confirming that the view number in the pre-preparation message is consistent with the currently effective view number. Figure 1 (2) Serial number verification: confirm that the serial number is within the legal range and is not occupied; (3) Hash value verification: calculate the hash value of the proposal and compare it with the received hash value; (4) Signature verification: verify the digital signature of the master node. After the above verification is passed, the secondary node generates a preparation message and broadcasts it to other nodes. Each node collects the preparation messages of other nodes; when each node collects at least 2f + 1 valid preparation messages, it enters the submission phase; where f represents the maximum expected number of faulty nodes in the blockchain network. In the submission phase, the nodes reach a proposal consensus, thereby writing the consensus proposal into the blockchain ledger of this node, thereby realizing the writing of the device health monitoring data that is desired to be shared and stored into the blockchain ledger shared by each blockchain node. Based on the above consensus verification mechanism, and each block contains the hash value of the previous block, the immutability of the blockchain ledger is ensured.

[0033] The terminals of all participants in the industrial control system can view and download shared data from the blockchain ledger of their own blockchain nodes through the blockchain browser installed on the terminals, ensuring data transparency and traceability. Figure 2 The blockchain node has an access control unit, which implements data permission management through an access control list (ACL) for the blockchain browser that requests access to the blockchain ledger of this node, ensuring that only authorized parties can access and operate specific data. The ACL contains information such as user identity and permission level, and access control is performed based on this information.

[0034] See also Figure 2 ,Each blockchain node also includes a smart contract unit, which matches the equipment health monitoring data written in the blockchain account book with the contract execution conditions, triggers the execution of the contract operation based on a successful match, and registers the execution result of the contract operation to the blockchain account book through the consensus verification unit using the PBFT (PracticalByzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus mechanism.

[0035] The smart contract unit implants a self-executing code on the blockchain node, and the self-executing code can automatically execute the contract terms when specific conditions are met. Since the self-executing code is also shared among the smart contract units of the blockchain nodes based on the PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus mechanism and consensus verification is achieved, once deployed on the blockchain, its code cannot be tampered with, which ensures that the results of the contract execution are credible and free from human intervention. The smart contract is closely integrated with the blockchain, and the decentralized, transparent and tamper-proof characteristics of the blockchain are used to ensure that the execution and record of the contract are credible. In addition, the execution results of the smart contract are also registered in the blockchain ledger. Through the sharing and consensus mechanism of the blockchain ledger, the execution results of the smart contract are verified and confirmed by the nodes of the entire network, which establishes a trust mechanism without the need for a third-party intermediary.

[0036] The smart contract unit monitors the operating status of the equipment in real time by writing the equipment health monitoring data into the blockchain account book based on the PBFT consensus mechanism in each round. When an abnormality is found, the smart contract automatically triggers a maintenance notification; the maintenance notification is sent to the maintainer of the industrial control system. After receiving the notification, the maintainer immediately arranges maintenance work to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0037] The smart contract unit uses the equipment health monitoring data written into the blockchain ledger based on the PBFT consensus mechanism in each round to perform health indicator statistics on the industrial control system equipment according to a preset statistical period (e.g., weekly), such as statistical equipment failure rate and performance indicators, and calculates the quality score of the industrial control system equipment against the scoring rules. The data is shared between the blockchain nodes and recorded in the blockchain ledger through the above PBFT consensus mechanism.

[0038] The present invention introduces blockchain technology and utilizes the immutability and traceability of blockchain to ensure the authenticity and reliability of data, significantly improving the trust and security of the integration and sharing of the health monitoring data of industrial control system equipment. The application of smart contracts realizes the automation of equipment maintenance notifications and quality assessments, greatly improving operational efficiency. Through the access control list (ACL) of the blockchain, fine data permission management is achieved to ensure that only authorized parties can access and operate specific data. Ultimately, the present invention greatly improves data transparency and collaboration efficiency, reduces the communication time cost of various participants in the previous industrial control system, and provides an efficient and reliable industrial control system monitoring platform based on a data sharing mechanism for the builders, operators and maintainers of the industrial control system.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system, the system specifically includes: An industrial control system data collection interface, and a blockchain network consisting of multiple blockchain nodes; wherein at least one blockchain node is deployed for each participant of the industrial control system, characterized in that: The industrial control system data acquisition interface collects the equipment health monitoring data of the industrial control system in real time through the IoT gateway deployed on the edge side of the industrial control system, and after data preprocessing, sends it to the blockchain node of the corresponding participant according to the type of the equipment health monitoring data; Each of the blockchain nodes obtains the equipment health monitoring data related to the participant from the industrial control system through the industrial control system data acquisition interface, and shares the equipment health monitoring data related to the participant with other blockchain nodes of the blockchain network; each blockchain node performs consensus verification and storage on the shared equipment health monitoring data; Each blockchain node includes a blockchain account book and a consensus verification unit; the blockchain node records the device health monitoring data in blocks as data units through the blockchain account book of the node; and the blockchain nodes in the blockchain network perform consensus verification on the obtained device health monitoring data through the consensus verification unit, and the device health monitoring data is allowed to be written into the blockchain account book only after the consensus verification is passed; The process of the consensus verification unit realizing consensus verification of data and writing it into the blockchain ledger includes: proposal, pre-preparation, preparation and submission stages; in the proposal stage, the master node that hopes to share and write the device health monitoring data initiates a proposal, and the master node packages the data into a block proposal, uses the global sequence number counter of the current view to assign a sequence number to the block proposal, and calculates the hash value of the block; the view describes the specific composition of the currently valid master node and slave node of the blockchain network; in the pre-preparation stage, the master node executes the broadcast proposal, encapsulates the block proposal, sequence number, hash value and other information into a pre-preparation message containing the proposal, and broadcasts it to all other slave nodes; in the preparation stage, the slave node receives the pre-preparation message containing the proposal from the master node and verifies the proposal; after the verification is passed, the slave node generates a preparation message and broadcasts it to other nodes; each node collects the preparation messages of other nodes; when each node collects at least 2f + 1 valid preparation messages, it enters the submission stage; where f represents the maximum expected value of the number of faulty nodes in the blockchain network; in the submission stage, the nodes reach a proposal consensus, thereby writing the consensus proposal into the blockchain ledger of this node.

2. According to the blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The blockchain nodes of the blockchain network are interconnected through a P2P network to form a decentralized network structure.

3. According to the blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The specific verification steps of the proposal by the secondary node include: (1) view number verification: confirming that the view number in the pre-prepared message is consistent with the currently effective view; (2) sequence number verification: confirming that the sequence number is within the legal range and is not occupied; (3) hash value verification: calculating the hash value of the proposal and comparing it with the received hash value; (4) signature verification: verifying the digital signature of the primary node.

4. According to claim 1, the blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system is characterized in that: Each blockchain node also includes a smart contract unit, which matches the device health monitoring data written in the blockchain account book with the contract execution conditions, triggers the execution of the contract operation based on a successful match, and registers the execution result of the contract operation to the blockchain account book through the consensus verification unit using the PBFT consensus mechanism.

5. The blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The smart contract unit monitors the operating status of the equipment in real time by writing the equipment health monitoring data into the blockchain account book based on the PBFT consensus mechanism in each round. When an abnormality is found, the smart contract automatically triggers a maintenance notification.

6. The blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The smart contract unit uses the equipment health monitoring data written into the blockchain ledger based on the PBFT consensus mechanism in each round to perform health indicator statistics on the industrial control system equipment according to a preset statistical period, calculates the quality score of the industrial control system equipment according to the scoring rules, and shares it between the blockchain nodes and records it in the blockchain ledger through the above PBFT consensus mechanism.

7. The blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The terminals of each participant in the industrial control system can view and download shared data from their own blockchain nodes through the blockchain browser installed on the terminals.

8. The blockchain-based industrial control system equipment health monitoring system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The blockchain node has an access control unit, which implements data permission management through an access control list for the blockchain browser requesting access to the blockchain ledger of this node, ensuring that only authorized parties can access and operate specific data.

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