A method and system for measuring, monitoring and managing the carbon emissions of building operations

Abstract

The present application discloses a method and system for measuring, monitoring and managing carbon emissions during building operation. The method includes: using a preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network to collect real-time energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building and upload them to an edge computing device; using the edge computing device to calculate the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtain the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building and upload them to a cloud platform; using big data analysis algorithms in the cloud platform to perform data analysis on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtain the carbon emissions trend prediction and anomaly warning of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and generate a carbon emission analysis report for the energy-consuming devices inside the building; using the designed visual interface to display the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building. The present application can achieve refined management of carbon emissions during building operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of building operation carbon emission measurement and supervision, and specifically relates to a building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method and system based on Internet of Things technology and big data analysis technology. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing severity of global climate change problems, carbon emission measurement and monitoring management during building operation have received more and more attention. At present, there are some building carbon emission monitoring systems based on Internet of Things technology in the existing technology. However, these systems usually monitor the overall energy consumption of buildings by installing sensors and data collectors in buildings, and then obtain the carbon emissions of buildings through estimation.

[0003] Although this method can obtain the energy consumption and carbon emissions during building operation to a certain extent, it cannot measure the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, nor can it provide real-time carbon emission monitoring data. Therefore, it cannot meet the demand for refined management of carbon emissions during building operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to achieve refined management of carbon emissions during building operation, this application provides a building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method and system.

[0005] In the first aspect, this application provides a building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method, including:

[0006] Using a preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network to collect energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building in real time, and uploading the collected energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building to an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network;

[0007] Using an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network to calculate the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtaining the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building and uploading them to the cloud platform;

[0008] Using big data analysis algorithms in the cloud platform to perform data analysis on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtaining trend prediction of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, abnormal warning of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and generating a carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building;

[0009] Using a designed visual interface to display the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0010] By adopting the above solution, carbon emission-related data of each energy-consuming device inside the building is obtained through the carbon emission monitoring sensor network, achieving refined acquisition of carbon emission data during the building operation process; by using edge computing devices deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network, the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building can be quickly calculated, reducing the computing pressure on the cloud platform and facilitating the cloud platform to allocate more computing resources to the in-depth analysis of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and obtaining a carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0011] Preferably, the process of obtaining the preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network includes:

[0012] Obtain the basic carbon emission data during building operation and the carbon emission monitoring sensor data. The basic carbon emission data during building operation includes: building structure information, the distribution and equipment performance information of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building; based on the basic carbon emission data during building operation and the carbon emission monitoring sensor data, use simulation technology to build a building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model;

[0013] Formulate multiple layout schemes of carbon emission monitoring sensors and organize them into a library. The layout scheme of the carbon emission monitoring sensors includes: the installation location, installation quantity, and monitoring frequency of the carbon emission monitoring sensors;

[0014] For each layout scheme, conduct a monitoring simulation experiment on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building in the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model, obtain the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building monitored under various layout scheme conditions, and calculate the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building; calculate the similarity between the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained under each layout scheme condition and the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and use the layout scheme with the largest similarity value as the optimal layout scheme, and determine the carbon emission monitoring sensor network according to the optimal layout scheme.

[0015] By adopting the above solution, build a building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model and formulate multiple layout schemes of carbon emission monitoring sensors, and obtain the optimal layout scheme through simulation as the preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network, improving the accuracy of carbon emission measurement during the building operation process.

[0016] Preferably, the formulating multiple layout schemes of carbon emission monitoring sensors and organizing them into a library includes:

[0017] Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the preset carbon emission standard, and the preset carbon emission rate standard, classify the types and operating periods of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and determine whether each energy-consuming device inside the building is of a high-carbon-emission energy-consuming device type and whether each operating period of each energy-consuming device inside the building is an operating period with a fast carbon emission change rate;

[0018] For each energy-consuming device inside the building determined to be of a high-carbon-emission energy-consuming device type, select the installation location of the carbon emission monitoring sensor from the positions within the first preset distance range from each energy-consuming device inside the building, and select the installation quantity of the carbon emission monitoring sensor within a range value that exceeds one times the total quantity of energy-consuming devices inside the building determined to be of a high-carbon-emission energy-consuming device type; for each energy-consuming device inside the building determined not to be of a high-carbon-emission energy-consuming device type, select the installation location of the carbon emission monitoring sensor within the second preset distance range from each energy-consuming device inside the building, and select the installation quantity of the carbon emission monitoring sensor within a range value that does not exceed one times the total quantity of energy-consuming devices inside the building determined not to be of a high-carbon-emission energy-consuming device type; the first preset distance range is less than the second preset distance range;

[0019] For each operating period of each energy-consuming device inside the building that belongs to the operating period with a fast carbon emission change rate, select and set the monitoring frequency of the corresponding operating period of each energy-consuming device inside the building within the first monitoring frequency range; for each operating period of each energy-consuming device inside the building that does not belong to the operating period with a fast carbon emission change rate, select and set the monitoring frequency of the corresponding operating period of each energy-consuming device inside the building within the second monitoring frequency range; the first monitoring frequency range is greater than the second monitoring frequency range.

[0020] By adopting the above scheme, based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, identify the energy-consuming devices with high carbon emissions as key energy-consuming devices, and correspondingly set sensors closer to the energy-consuming devices and with a larger quantity, so as to more accurately collect the carbon emission data during the building operation; identify the operating periods with a fast carbon emission change rate, and correspondingly set a high-frequency acquisition rate to more accurately collect the carbon emission data during the building operation.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes:

[0022] Set the first update frequency, and regularly update the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building in the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model according to the first update frequency;

[0023] Based on the updated historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building by positioning, re-formulate a layout scheme of multiple carbon emission monitoring sensors to replace the layout scheme of multiple carbon emission monitoring sensors in the layout scheme library.

[0024] By adopting the above solution, considering that the energy-consuming equipment inside the building changes due to factors such as usage wear and tear, resulting in the energy-consuming equipment with originally low carbon emissions becoming the energy-consuming equipment with high carbon emissions, the simulation model is optimized regularly to obtain a more accurate layout plan, so as to further optimize the carbon emission monitoring sensor network and improve the accuracy of collecting carbon emission data during the operation of the building.

[0025] Preferably, it further includes:

[0026] Predict the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building after the first number of days based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building, and re-classify each energy-consuming equipment inside the building based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building, the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building after the first number of days, and the preset standard of carbon emissions, and re-judge whether each energy-consuming equipment inside the building is of the type of energy-consuming equipment with high carbon emissions and replace the original classification type with the re-judgment result; the first number of days is less than the number of days corresponding to the first update frequency.

[0027] By adopting the above solution, predict the carbon emissions of future energy-consuming equipment based on the historical carbon emissions of energy-consuming equipment, thereby predicting the energy-consuming equipment that may become the energy-consuming equipment with high carbon emissions, and set a more accurate sensor layout for potential key equipment in advance to capture the possible future carbon emission peaks and improve the accuracy of collecting carbon emission data.

[0028] Preferably, the process of calculating the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building obtained in real time by using the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network includes:

[0029] Divide the sources of the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building obtained in real time, and obtain the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building;

[0030] Perform K-means clustering processing on multiple groups of energy consumption data or carbon emissions of a single energy-consuming equipment inside the building obtained, eliminate the energy consumption data or carbon emissions whose distance from the clustering center is greater than the preset threshold, and perform mean operation on the carbon emissions or carbon emissions calculated from the remaining groups of energy consumption data.

[0031] By adopting the above solution, perform clustering and averaging on the carbon emission data of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building to improve the accuracy of collecting carbon emission data.

[0032] Preferably, the basic data of the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model further includes: the application scenario of the building structure; based on the basic data of the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model, use simulation technology to build a building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model with different application scenarios;

[0033] Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the preset carbon emission standard, and the preset carbon emission rate standard, the classification of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building by type and operation period specifically includes: based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the preset carbon emission standard, and the preset carbon emission rate standard under the specific application scenarios of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building are classified by type and operation period.

[0034] By adopting the above solution, considering that under different application scenarios, such as office buildings, commercial centers, hospitals, etc.; the corresponding carbon emission standards are different, simulation and emulation are carried out according to different application scenarios to further optimize the setting of the carbon emission monitoring sensor network.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present application provides a building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management system, including:

[0036] A building operation carbon emission data acquisition module, configured to use a preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network to collect real-time energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and upload the collected energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building to an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network;

[0037] A building operation carbon emission acquisition module, configured to use an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network to calculate the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtain the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and upload them to a cloud platform;

[0038] A building operation carbon emission analysis report generation module, configured to use big data analysis algorithms in the cloud platform to perform data analysis on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtain trend predictions of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building and anomaly warnings of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and generate a carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building;

[0039] A building operation carbon emission analysis report display module, configured to use a designed visual interface to display the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0040] By adopting the above solution, it provides a way to measure the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and realizes real-time monitoring and management of carbon emissions during the building operation process.

[0041] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program runs, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the method as described above.

[0042] Fourthly, the present application provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored on the memory and operable thereon. When the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0043] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. Use carbon emission monitoring sensors to achieve real-time collection of carbon emission data of various devices inside the building; use edge devices to accurately measure the carbon emissions of each device and provide real-time carbon emission monitoring data; use big data analysis and calculation of the cloud platform to perform predictive analysis and warning analysis on the carbon emission monitoring data, generate reports and display them on a visual interface, facilitating users to perform refined management of carbon emissions during the operation of the building;

[0045] 2. Use software simulation technology to build a simulation model, combine the formulated layout plan of carbon emission monitoring sensors, and simulate to obtain the optimal layout of carbon emission monitoring sensors, that is, the optimal carbon emission monitoring sensors, to improve the accuracy of collecting carbon emission data. Description of the Drawings

[0046] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for measuring, monitoring and managing the carbon emissions during the operation of the building in a specific embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a flowchart for obtaining a preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network in the method for measuring, monitoring and managing the carbon emissions during the operation of the building in a specific embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the system for measuring, monitoring and managing the carbon emissions during the operation of the building in a specific embodiment. Detailed Embodiments

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following further details the present application in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a method for measuring, monitoring and managing the carbon emissions during the operation of a building, and the specific steps include:

[0051] S1. Use a carbon emission monitoring sensor network to perform real-time collection of energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building and upload them to an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network.

[0052] Specifically, the carbon emission monitoring sensor network consists of several carbon emission monitoring sensors. The several carbon emission monitoring sensors are not limited to traditional energy consumption sensors for collecting the energy consumption data of devices, and high-precision carbon emission monitoring sensors can also be selected to directly collect carbon emissions.

[0053] The carbon emission monitoring sensor network is pre-designed for each energy-consuming device inside the building, such as the air-conditioning system, lighting system, etc. It can directly obtain the locations of each energy-consuming device inside the building and form a carbon emission monitoring sensor network by installing carbon emission monitoring sensors corresponding to each energy-consuming device. However, considering more accurate collection of the carbon emission data of each energy-consuming device, key energy-consuming devices can be determined based on the magnitude of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device (e.g., the carbon emissions are greater than a preset carbon emission value), and a carbon emission monitoring sensor network can be formed by installing a different number of carbon emission monitoring sensors accordingly. For example, at least one carbon emission monitoring sensor is directly installed at the location of the key energy-consuming device, and no more than one carbon emission monitoring sensor is installed within a certain distance of the location of the non-key energy-consuming device.

[0054] S2. Use the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network to calculate the real-time obtained energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, obtain the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and upload them to the cloud platform.

[0055] Specifically, considering that there is a large amount of carbon emission data (such as energy consumption data, operating time, power factor, carbon emissions, etc.) for each energy-consuming device inside the building, uploading them to the same platform for calculation and analysis requires a large amount of computing resources and may lead to large errors in the calculation results due to data transmission loss. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the carbon emission calculation of each energy-consuming device, the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network is selected to directly calculate the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device corresponding to the building interior.

[0056] The calculation steps include: classifying the sources of the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, and obtaining the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building; for a set of energy consumption data or carbon emissions collected from some energy-consuming devices inside the building, directly using the carbon emissions calculated based on this set of energy consumption data or the currently collected carbon emissions as the carbon emissions for calculation output; performing clustering processing on multiple sets of energy consumption data or carbon emissions collected from some energy-consuming devices inside the building, removing the energy consumption data or carbon emissions whose distance from the cluster center is greater than the preset threshold, and performing a mean operation on the carbon emissions calculated for each remaining set of energy consumption data or the carbon emissions; among them, the clustering algorithm can be selected such as K-means, DBSCAN, etc.; the carbon emissions calculated for each remaining set of energy consumption data are to distinguish the characteristics of the energy consumption data, and referring to the corresponding carbon emission factors (such as electricity emission factors, fuel emission factors, etc.) released by the government or authoritative institutions, converting the energy consumption data into carbon emissions.

[0057] S3. Use the big data analysis algorithm in the cloud platform to perform data analysis on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtain the trend prediction of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building and the abnormal warning of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and generate a carbon emission analysis report for the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0058] Specifically, using deep learning technology, taking the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time as training data, training and generating a carbon emission prediction model for each energy-consuming device inside the building, and using the carbon emission prediction model for each energy-consuming device inside the building to achieve the trend prediction of the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building;

[0059] Using the carbon emission standard of each energy-consuming device inside the building to judge whether the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building exceed the standard, and generating an abnormal warning once it exceeds the standard;

[0060] Compare the energy-consuming devices inside different buildings, draw and analyze charts for the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, such as: analyzing high-carbon emission areas and low-carbon emission areas, etc.

[0061] In addition, other in-depth excavations can also be carried out on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained in real time, obtain multi-dimensional analysis situations, and finally statistically organize the analysis situations of different dimensions, and finally generate a carbon emission analysis report for the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0062] S4. Use the designed visual interface to display the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0063] Specifically, when designing the interface, the carbon emission content of each energy-consuming device can be divided according to the relevant content of each energy-consuming device in the carbon emission analysis report. Through the designed search box, the carbon emission content of the searched energy-consuming device can be located and displayed in the displayed carbon emission analysis report.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, in order to collect the carbon emission data of each energy-consuming device more accurately, the method further includes:

[0065] As Figure 2 shown, the process of obtaining the preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network includes:

[0066] S11. Build a simulation model for monitoring the carbon emissions of building operations.

[0067] Specifically, obtain the basic data of the carbon emissions of building operations, including: building structure information, the distribution and equipment performance information of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the specific application scenarios of the energy-consuming devices inside the building, the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and the carbon emission monitoring sensor data; based on the basic data of the carbon emission monitoring simulation model of building operations and the carbon emission monitoring sensor data, use simulation technology to build a simulation model for monitoring the carbon emissions of building operations with different application scenarios, that is, the simulation model for monitoring the carbon emissions of building operations can simulate the specific building structure, the specific application scenarios of the energy-consuming devices inside the building, the distribution of each energy-consuming device inside the specific building structure, the equipment performance (electrical energy equipment, fuel energy equipment, etc.) and their output carbon emissions, as well as use the carbon emission monitoring sensors to monitor the carbon emissions.

[0068] S12. Develop multiple layout plans for carbon emission monitoring sensors and organize them into a library.

[0069] Specifically, the layout plan of the carbon emission monitoring sensors includes: the installation location, the installation quantity, and the monitoring frequency of the carbon emission monitoring sensors. The development of multiple layout plans for carbon emission monitoring sensors and organizing them into a library includes:

[0070] Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the preset standards for the carbon emissions under the application scenarios of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and the preset standards for the carbon emission rates under the application scenarios of each energy-consuming device inside the building, divide the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building into types and operation periods, and determine whether each energy-consuming device inside the building is a high-carbon emission energy-consuming device type and whether each operation period of each energy-consuming device inside the building is an operation period with a fast carbon emission change rate;

[0071] Among them, the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building within a specific time period (such as the whole day) are respectively compared with the preset standard of carbon emissions (such as: the preset threshold of carbon emissions for the whole day). If it is greater, it is determined as the type of energy-consuming device with high carbon emissions; otherwise, it is determined as the type of energy-consuming device with non-high carbon emissions. The historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building in each operation period are divided by the duration of the operation period to obtain the carbon emission change rate of each energy-consuming device inside the building in each operation period, and it is compared with the preset standard of carbon emission rate (such as the preset threshold of carbon emission rate). If it is greater, it is determined that the corresponding operation period of each energy-consuming device inside the building belongs to the operation period with a fast carbon emission change rate; otherwise, the corresponding operation period of each energy-consuming device inside the building does not belong to the operation period with a fast carbon emission change rate.

[0072] For each energy-consuming device inside the building determined to be of the type with high carbon emissions, the installation location of the carbon emission monitoring sensor is selected from the positions within the first preset distance range from each energy-consuming device inside the building. The installation quantity of the carbon emission monitoring sensor is selected within a range value that exceeds one times the total quantity of energy-consuming devices inside the building determined to be of the type with high carbon emissions, and at least one carbon emission monitoring sensor is ensured to be installed at each position within the first preset distance range from each energy-consuming device inside the building; for each energy-consuming device inside the building determined to be of the type with non-high carbon emissions, the installation location of the carbon emission monitoring sensor is selected within the second preset distance range from each energy-consuming device inside the building, and the installation quantity of the carbon emission monitoring sensor is selected within a range value that does not exceed one times the total quantity of energy-consuming devices inside the building determined to be of the type with non-high carbon emissions; considering that the closer the distance, the higher the accuracy of the collected energy data, the first preset distance range is less than the second preset distance range.

[0073] For the corresponding operation periods of each energy-consuming device inside the building belonging to the operation periods with a fast carbon emission change rate, the monitoring frequency for the corresponding operation periods of each energy-consuming device inside the building is selected and set within the first monitoring frequency range; for the corresponding operation periods of each energy-consuming device inside the building not belonging to the operation periods with a fast carbon emission change rate, the monitoring frequency for the corresponding operation periods of each energy-consuming device inside the building is selected and set within the second monitoring frequency range; considering that the faster the carbon emission change rate, the higher monitoring frequency needs to be matched to collect carbon emission data more accurately, the first monitoring frequency range is greater than the second monitoring frequency range.

[0074] In addition, the number of multiple carbon emission monitoring sensor layout schemes can be limited according to the number of energy-consuming devices inside the building. When the number of energy-consuming devices inside the building is within different interval ranges, the corresponding number range of carbon emission monitoring sensor schemes is set.

[0075] S13. For each layout scheme, conduct a monitoring simulation experiment on the carbon emissions of the energy-consuming equipment inside the building in the building operation carbon emissions monitoring simulation model to obtain the simulation results under various layout schemes, that is, the energy consumption data of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building monitored under various layout schemes.

[0076] S14. Determine the optimal layout scheme based on the simulation results under various layout schemes as the preset carbon emissions monitoring sensor network.

[0077] Specifically, calculate the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building based on the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building monitored under various layout schemes; calculate the similarity between the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building obtained under each layout scheme and the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building, and use the layout scheme with the largest similarity value as the optimal layout scheme, or calculate the similarity between the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building obtained under each layout scheme and the historical carbon emissions of the corresponding energy-consuming equipment inside the building, and use the layout scheme with the largest number of similarity values greater than the preset similarity as the optimal layout scheme, and determine the carbon emissions monitoring sensor network according to the optimal layout scheme.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, considering that due to equipment damage or other factors such as the outside world, the energy-consuming equipment with low carbon emissions within a period of time will become the energy-consuming equipment with high carbon emissions, in order to collect more accurate carbon emission data for the energy-consuming equipment with high carbon emissions, the method further includes:

[0079] Set the first update frequency, and regularly update the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building in the building operation carbon emissions monitoring simulation model according to the first update frequency; the unit of the first update frequency is days.

[0080] Based on the updated historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building, re-formulate multiple layout schemes for carbon emissions monitoring sensors to replace the layout schemes of multiple carbon emissions monitoring sensors in the layout scheme library.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, in order to collect more accurate carbon emission data for potential energy-consuming equipment with high carbon emissions, the method further includes:

[0082] Predict the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building after the first number of days based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building. Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building after the first number of days, and the preset carbon emissions standard, re-classify each energy-consuming device inside the building, and re-determine whether each energy-consuming device inside the building is a high-carbon-emission energy-consuming device type and replace the original classification type with the re-determined result; the first number of days is less than the number of days corresponding to the first update frequency.

[0083] As Figure 3 shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management system, including:

[0084] A building operation carbon emission data collection module 101, configured to use a preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network to collect real-time energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and upload the collected energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building to an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network;

[0085] A building operation carbon emission acquisition module 102, configured to use an edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network to calculate the real-time acquired energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, obtain the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and upload them to the cloud platform;

[0086] A building operation carbon emission analysis report generation module 103, configured to use a big data analysis algorithm in the cloud platform to perform data analysis on the real-time acquired carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, obtain the carbon emission trend prediction of each energy-consuming device inside the building and the carbon emission anomaly warning of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and generate a carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building;

[0087] A building operation carbon emission analysis report display module 104, configured to use a designed visual interface to display the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming devices inside the building.

[0088] The system further includes: a preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network acquisition module 105 for acquiring basic building operation carbon emission data and carbon emission monitoring sensor data, where the basic building operation carbon emission data includes: building structure information, the distribution and equipment performance information of each energy-consuming device inside the building, and the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building; based on the basic data of the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model and the carbon emission monitoring sensor data, using simulation technology to build a building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model; formulating and storing multiple layout schemes for carbon emission monitoring sensors, where the layout scheme of the carbon emission monitoring sensors includes: the installation location, installation quantity, and monitoring frequency of the carbon emission monitoring sensors; for each layout scheme, conducting a monitoring simulation experiment on the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building in the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model, obtaining the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building monitored under various layout scheme conditions, and calculating the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building; calculating the similarity between the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building obtained under each layout scheme condition and the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device inside the building, taking the layout scheme with the maximum similarity value as the optimal layout scheme, and determining the carbon emission monitoring sensor network according to the optimal layout scheme.

[0089] An embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium.

[0090] Specifically, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that can be loaded and executed by a processor, such as the above-mentioned building operation carbon emission measurement and monitoring management method. The computer-readable storage medium includes, for example: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0091] An embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer device.

[0092] Specifically, the computer device includes a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded and executed by the processor, such as the above-mentioned building operation carbon emission measurement and monitoring management method.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings), unless specifically described, can be replaced by other equivalent or similar-purpose alternative features. That is, unless specifically described, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A method for measuring, monitoring and managing carbon emissions from building operations, characterized in that: include: Use the preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network to collect energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device in the building in real time, and upload the collected energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device in the building to the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network; The preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network acquisition process includes: Obtaining basic data on building operation carbon emissions and carbon emission monitoring sensor data, wherein the basic data on building operation carbon emissions includes: building structure information, distribution of energy-consuming equipment inside the building and equipment performance information, and historical carbon emissions of energy-consuming equipment inside the building; based on the basic data on building operation carbon emissions and carbon emission monitoring sensor data, using simulation technology to build a building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model; Formulate a variety of layout plans for carbon emission monitoring sensors and organize them into a library, wherein the layout plan for the carbon emission monitoring sensors includes: installation locations, installation quantities, and monitoring frequencies of the carbon emission monitoring sensors; For each layout scheme, a simulation experiment of carbon emission monitoring of each energy-consuming equipment in the building is carried out in the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model to obtain the energy consumption data or carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building monitored under various layout schemes, and calculate the carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building; the carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building obtained under each layout scheme is similar to the historical carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, and the layout scheme with the largest similarity value is taken as the optimal layout scheme, and the carbon emission monitoring sensor network is determined according to the optimal layout scheme; Use edge computing devices deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network to obtain real-time energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device in the building, obtain the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device in the building and upload them to the cloud platform; Use the big data analysis algorithm in the cloud platform to analyze the carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment in the building in real time, obtain carbon emission trend forecasts for various energy-consuming equipment in the building, abnormal carbon emission warnings for various energy-consuming equipment in the building, and generate carbon emission analysis reports for energy-consuming equipment in the building; The designed visual interface is used to display the carbon emission analysis report of energy-using equipment inside the building.

2. The building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of formulating layout plans for various carbon emission monitoring sensors and organizing them into a library includes: Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, the preset carbon emissions standards and the preset carbon emission rate standards, the energy-consuming equipment in the building is divided into types and operating periods, and it is determined whether each energy-consuming equipment in the building is a high-carbon emission energy-consuming equipment type and whether each operating period of each energy-consuming equipment in the building is an operating period with a fast carbon emission change rate; For each building internal energy-consuming equipment determined as a type of high-carbon emission energy-consuming equipment, the installation position of the carbon emission monitoring sensor is selected from positions within a first preset distance range from each building internal energy-consuming equipment, and the installation number of the carbon emission monitoring sensors is selected within a range value exceeding one times the total number of building internal energy-consuming equipment determined as high-carbon emission energy-consuming equipment; for each building internal energy-consuming equipment determined as a type of non-high-carbon emission energy-consuming equipment, the installation position of the carbon emission monitoring sensor is selected from positions within a second preset distance range from each building internal energy-consuming equipment, and the installation number of the carbon emission monitoring sensors is selected within a range value not exceeding one times the total number of building internal energy-consuming equipment determined as non-high-carbon emission energy-consuming equipment; the first preset distance range is smaller than the second preset distance range; For each operating period of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building that belongs to the operating period with a fast changing rate of carbon emissions, the monitoring frequency of the corresponding operating period of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building is selected within the first monitoring frequency range; for each operating period of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building that does not belong to the operating period with a fast changing rate of carbon emissions, the monitoring frequency of the corresponding operating period of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building is selected within the second monitoring frequency range; the first monitoring frequency range is larger than the second monitoring frequency range.

3. The building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also includes: Setting a first update frequency, and regularly updating the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment inside the building in the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model according to the first update frequency; Based on the updated historical carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment inside the building, layout plans of various carbon emission monitoring sensors are re-formulated to replace the layout plans of various carbon emission monitoring sensors in the layout plan library.

4. The building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes: Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building after the first day are predicted. Based on the historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, the carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building after the first day and the preset carbon emissions standards, the energy-consuming equipment in the building is reclassified, and whether each energy-consuming equipment in the building is a high-carbon emission energy-consuming equipment type is re-judged and the original classification type is replaced by the re-judgment result; The first number of days is less than the number of days corresponding to the first update frequency.

5. The building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The process of calculating the energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming device in the building in real time by using the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network includes: Real-time acquisition of energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, and source classification, to obtain energy consumption data or carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building; K-means clustering is performed on multiple sets of energy consumption data or carbon emissions of energy-consuming equipment in a single building. The energy consumption data or carbon emissions whose distance from the cluster center is greater than a preset threshold are eliminated, and the carbon emissions or carbon emissions calculated for each remaining set of energy consumption data are averaged.

6. The building operation carbon emission measurement, monitoring and management method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The basic data of the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model also includes: building structure application scenarios; based on the basic data of the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model, using simulation technology to build a building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model with different application scenarios; The method of dividing the carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment inside the building into types and operating periods based on the historical carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment inside the building, the preset carbon emissions standards and the preset carbon emission rate standards specifically includes: dividing the carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment inside the building into types and operating periods based on the historical carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment inside the building, the preset carbon emissions standards and the preset carbon emission rate standards in specific application scenarios of various energy-consuming equipment inside the building.

7. A building operation carbon emission measurement monitoring and management system, characterized in that: include: The building operation carbon emission data collection module is used to collect energy consumption data or carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment in the building in real time using the preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network, and upload the collected energy consumption data or carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment in the building to the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network; The building operation carbon emission acquisition module is used to use the edge computing device deployed near the carbon emission monitoring sensor network to obtain the energy consumption data or carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building in real time, obtain the carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building and upload it to the cloud platform; The building operation carbon emission analysis report generation module is used to use the big data analysis algorithm in the cloud platform to analyze the carbon emissions of various energy-consuming equipment in the building in real time, obtain the carbon emission trend forecast of various energy-consuming equipment in the building, and the abnormal carbon emission warning of various energy-consuming equipment in the building, and generate the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-consuming equipment in the building; Building operation carbon emission analysis report display module, which is used to display the carbon emission analysis report of the energy-using equipment inside the building using the designed visual interface; Also includes: The preset carbon emission monitoring sensor network acquisition module is used to obtain the basic data of building operation carbon emission and carbon emission monitoring sensor data, the basic data of building operation carbon emission includes: building structure information, distribution and equipment performance information of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, and historical carbon emissions of each energy-consuming equipment in the building; based on the basic data of the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model and the carbon emission monitoring sensor data, the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model is built by using simulation technology; a plurality of layout schemes of carbon emission monitoring sensors are formulated and sorted into a library, the layout scheme of the carbon emission monitoring sensor includes: installation position, installation quantity and monitoring frequency of the carbon emission monitoring sensor; for each layout scheme, a simulation experiment of carbon emission monitoring of each energy-consuming equipment in the building is carried out in the building operation carbon emission monitoring simulation model, the energy consumption data or carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building monitored under various layout schemes is obtained, and the carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building is calculated; the carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building obtained under each layout scheme is similarly calculated with the historical carbon emission of each energy-consuming equipment in the building, the layout scheme with the largest similarity value is taken as the optimal layout scheme, and the carbon emission monitoring sensor network is determined according to the optimal layout scheme.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored and executable on the memory, and the program implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by the processor.

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