Three-stage starting power generation system power circuit multiplexing control structure and method

Abstract

The application provides a three-stage starting power generation system power circuit multiplexing control structure and method, which comprises a three-stage starting generator, a starting generator controller, a high-voltage direct-current starting power supply and an airborne high-voltage direct-current load. The starting generator controller comprises a main motor power circuit, an excitation power circuit, a permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit, solid-state circuit breakers, a control circuit and an auxiliary power supply. By controlling the conduction and shutdown of the four solid-state circuit breakers, the system can realize the connection of the high-voltage direct-current starting power supply or the power supply for the airborne high-voltage direct-current load in the starting or power generation state, and the switching of the excitation power circuit transmission loop, and simultaneously realize the multiplexing control of the main motor power circuit and the excitation power circuit in the starting generator controller in the starting and high-voltage direct-current power generation operation. The solid-state circuit breakers are used in the starting generator controller to replace the high-voltage direct-current contactors and relays, so that the weight is reduced, arc is avoided, and the safety of the system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power electronics and electric drive, and particularly relates to a power circuit multiplexing control structure and method of a three-stage starting generator system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Three-stage motor is widely used in the field of aviation as the main power source of the aircraft. With the development of the more electric aircraft, the starting generator integration technology, as one of the key technologies, has attracted more and more attention. The three-stage starting generator integration has been successfully realized on the Boeing 787 aircraft, and the APU power system of the Airbus A350 aircraft uses a three-stage starting generator and a starting generator controller. The aircraft high-voltage direct current power system has the advantages of light system weight, high efficiency, large capacity, simplified design, uninterrupted power supply and redundant power supply, and has been applied to high-performance military aircraft first, and its representative applications are the F-22 fighter and the F-35 fighter.

[0003] The three-stage starting generator system mainly consists of a three-stage starting generator and a starting generator controller, wherein the three-stage starting generator is composed of a permanent magnet motor, a main excitation motor, a rotary rectifier and a main motor coaxially installed. When the three-stage motor is applied to the high-voltage direct current power system, the three-phase alternating current power generated by the main motor needs to be converted into direct current power through the rectifier before being supplied to the airborne high-voltage direct current load.

[0004] The operation process of the high-voltage direct current three-stage starting generator system can be divided into three stages: starting operation stage, transition stage and high-voltage direct current generation operation stage. In the starting operation stage, the high-voltage direct current starting power source is first connected to the starting generator controller, which inverts the excitation winding of the main excitation motor to provide alternating current power, and at the same time provides variable voltage and variable frequency three-phase alternating current power for the armature winding of the main motor. The main motor operates in the electric mode, outputs electromagnetic torque, drags the engine to start and accelerates to the disengagement speed, and completes the starting process. After completing the starting process, the transition stage is entered, at which time the starting generator controller disconnects the connection with the high-voltage direct current starting power source, and waits for the engine to accelerate from the disengagement speed to the rated power generation speed. The three-stage motor neither outputs starting torque nor outputs external power. In the power generation operation stage, the starting generator controller receives the power generation voltage building instruction, and provides direct current excitation power for the main excitation motor through the power supply of the permanent magnet motor and the direct current conversion. After the direct current voltage output by the three-phase alternating current power generated by the main motor after rectification reaches the rated voltage, the corresponding contactor can be closed to supply the direct current output to the airborne high-voltage direct current power equipment.

[0005] The working time of the three-stage motor in the starting operation stage is short, usually only a few minutes, and it will work in the generating operation state for a long time. The starting controller used in the starting stage does not work in the generating state, becoming a "dead weight". In the high-voltage direct-current power generation, the three-phase diode rectifier commonly used in the alternating-current output of the main motor can be reused by using the anti-parallel diode in the three-phase H-bridge power circuit in the starting controller, regarding it as a three-phase diode rectifier for uncontrolled rectification power generation, and can also reuse the entire three-phase H-bridge power circuit for controllable rectification power generation. At the same time, the H-bridge structure excitation power circuit for providing alternating-current excitation power for the main excitation machine during starting can also realize the direct-current-direct-current conversion function by adjusting the switching state of the power device, and be used for the excitation current control of the main excitation machine in the generating stage. Therefore, the three-stage starting and generating system can reuse the same set of excitation power circuit and main motor power circuit during starting and high-voltage direct-current power generation, and the power circuit reuse can greatly simplify the structure of the system and reduce the weight.

[0006] In the traditional starting and generating system, there are high-voltage direct-current relays and contactors such as SCR, GCR, SCB and GCB for power circuit switching during starting operation and generating operation, which occupy a large volume and weight in the system. At the same time, the high-voltage direct-current relays and contactors are prone to produce arc when they are attracted and disconnected, especially when the aircraft is flying at high altitude with low air pressure, which threatens the safety of the system. The solid-state circuit breaker composed of power electronic switching devices used in the starting generator controller instead of the high-voltage direct-current relays and contactors has smaller size, lighter weight, faster switching speed and no arc, thereby significantly improving the safety of the system. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a three-stage starting and generating system power circuit reuse control structure and method, which realizes the switching of the excitation power transmission loop, the switching between the high-voltage direct-current starting power supply and the airborne high-voltage direct-current load, the reuse of the excitation power circuit and the reuse of the main motor power circuit by reasonably controlling the conduction and turn-off of the solid-state circuit breaker, thereby realizing the power circuit reuse control of the aviation high-voltage direct-current three-stage starting and generating system.

[0008] The present application provides a three-stage starting and generating system power circuit reuse control structure, comprising a three-stage starting and generating machine, a starting and generating machine controller, a high-voltage direct-current starting power supply and an airborne high-voltage direct-current load.

[0009] The three-stage starting and generating machine comprises a permanent magnet machine, a main excitation machine, a rotary rectifier and a main motor. The starting and generating machine controller comprises a main motor power circuit, an excitation power circuit, a permanent magnet machine rectification circuit, a plurality of solid-state circuit breakers, a control circuit and an auxiliary power supply.

[0010] The stator of the permanent magnet machine is connected with the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit of the starting generator controller; the stator of the main excitation machine is connected with the excitation power circuit of the starting generator controller; and the stator of the main machine is connected with the main machine power circuit of the starting generator controller.

[0011] The main machine power circuit, the excitation power circuit and the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit are arranged in parallel, a third solid-state circuit breaker is arranged on the positive bus between the main machine power circuit and the excitation power circuit, and a fourth solid-state circuit breaker is arranged on the positive bus between the excitation power circuit and the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit.

[0012] The positive pole of the high-voltage direct-current starting power source is connected with the first solid-state circuit breaker of the starting generator controller, the first solid-state circuit breaker is connected with the positive pole of the main machine power circuit, and the negative pole of the high-voltage direct-current starting power source is connected with the negative pole of the main machine power circuit.

[0013] The positive pole of the airborne high-voltage direct-current load is connected with the second solid-state circuit breaker of the starting generator controller, the second solid-state circuit breaker is connected with the positive pole of the main machine power circuit, and the negative pole of the airborne high-voltage direct-current load is connected with the negative pole of the main machine power circuit.

[0014] Further improvement, the three-stage starting generator type includes a single-phase excitation three-stage starting generator, a two-phase excitation three-stage starting generator and a three-phase excitation three-stage starting generator.

[0015] Further improvement, the excitation power circuit of the starting generator controller includes a single-phase H-bridge excitation power circuit, a two-phase H-bridge excitation power circuit and a three-phase H-bridge excitation power circuit.

[0016] Further improvement, the rectification state of the main machine power circuit of the starting generator controller in the high-voltage direct-current power generation operation includes a three-phase uncontrolled rectification state and a three-phase controllable rectification state.

[0017] Further improvement, the control circuit of the starting generator controller includes a digital signal processor and its minimum system, a driving circuit, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, an analog quantity acquisition and conditioning circuit and a communication circuit.

[0018] Further improvement, the solid-state circuit breaker of the starting generator controller includes two common-emitter IGBTs and their anti-parallel diodes and driving circuits and two common-source MOSFETs and their anti-parallel diodes and driving circuits.

[0019] The application also provides a three-stage starting generator system power circuit multiplexing control method, which adopts the three-stage starting generator system power circuit multiplexing control structure and includes the following steps.

[0020] Step one: when starting operation, the first solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the second solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected, the DC end of the main motor power circuit is connected to the high-voltage DC starting power supply and disconnected from the airborne high-voltage DC load; the third solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the fourth solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected, the DC end of the excitation power circuit is connected in parallel with the DC end of the main motor power circuit, connected to the high-voltage DC starting power supply, and disconnected from the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit DC output; the excitation power circuit output voltage provides excitation power for the main excitation machine with AC or DC power, the main motor power circuit outputs three-phase variable frequency AC power, the main motor runs in the electric state, outputs electromagnetic torque, and drags the aero-engine to start to the disengagement speed, then the main motor power circuit and the excitation power circuit stop outputting, and the starting operation ends; after the starting operation ends, the first solid-state circuit breaker and the third solid-state circuit breaker are disconnected, and the starting generator controller cuts off the high-voltage DC starting power supply;

[0021] Step two: when high-voltage DC power generation is performed, the fourth solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the third solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected, the output DC voltage of the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit is connected to the excitation power circuit, and the permanent magnet machine provides the required excitation power for the main excitation machine; the excitation power circuit outputs the required DC power for the main excitation machine; the three-phase AC power generated by the main motor is rectified by the main motor power circuit to obtain the required high-voltage DC power; the second solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the first solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected, and the main motor supplies power to the airborne high-voltage DC load through the starting generator controller; the excitation power circuit adjusts the DC excitation current by controlling the duty cycle, so that the airborne high-voltage DC load voltage is maintained at the rated value.

[0022] The present application has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. In the power generation state, the main motor power circuit and the excitation power circuit used in the starting state are reused as the three-phase rectifier circuit for the main motor and the excitation power circuit for the main excitation machine in high-voltage DC power generation, without changing the traditional starting controller power devices and control algorithm, greatly simplifying the structure of the starting generator system, and eliminating the traditional generator controller and three-phase diode rectifier circuit.

[0024] 2. The reused excitation power circuit in power generation is almost the same as the circuit topology of the traditional generator controller, so that the traditional excitation control method can be transplanted to the excitation control of the starting generator controller with only minor modifications, and the excitation regulation is convenient and controllable, and the method is mature and reliable.

[0025] 3. The excitation power circuit reused in generating operation is a three-phase H-bridge converter, the anti-parallel diode therein can be regarded as a traditional three-phase diode rectifier to perform uncontrolled rectification generating control, which is mature and reliable; or controllable rectification generating technology can be adopted to change the control dimension of the three-phase motor generating operation from single excitation voltage regulation control to excitation and armature coordinated voltage regulation control, thereby increasing a new control freedom and improving the performance of the generating system.

[0026] 4. The solid-state circuit breaker is adopted to select the connection of the starting and high-voltage DC generating power circuit reuse control, thereby replacing the traditional high-voltage DC relay and contactor which is easy to produce arc, reducing the weight and improving the integration of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of an aviation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generating system based on a single-phase main excitation machine according to the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of an aviation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generating system in a starting operation state according to the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of an aviation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generating system in a high-voltage DC generating operation state according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] The present application provides a power circuit reuse control structure of an aviation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generating system, taking an aviation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generating system based on a single-phase main excitation machine as an example, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the system includes a three-stage starter generator, a starter generator controller, a high-voltage DC starting power supply, and an onboard high-voltage DC load. The three-stage starter generator comprises a permanent magnet generator, a main exciter, a rotating rectifier, and a main motor. The starter generator controller includes a main motor power circuit, an excitation power circuit, a permanent magnet generator rectifier circuit, four solid-state circuit breakers, a control circuit, and an auxiliary power supply. The stator of the permanent magnet generator is connected to the permanent magnet generator rectifier circuit of the starter generator controller. The stator of the main exciter is connected to the excitation power circuit of the starter generator controller. The stator of the main motor is connected to the main motor power circuit of the starter generator controller. The positive and negative terminals of the high-voltage DC starting power supply are connected to the first solid-state circuit breaker of the starter generator controller and the negative terminal of the main motor power circuit, respectively. The positive and negative terminals of the onboard high-voltage DC load are connected to the second solid-state circuit breaker of the starter generator controller and the negative terminal of the main motor power circuit, respectively.

[0033] The permanent magnet motor rectifier circuit consists of a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit composed of diodes and a DC capacitor; the excitation power circuit consists of a single-phase H-bridge power circuit composed of IGBT power devices and their anti-parallel diodes; the main motor power circuit consists of a three-phase H-bridge power circuit composed of IGBT power devices and their anti-parallel diodes and a DC capacitor; the solid-state circuit breaker consists of two common-emitter IGBT power devices and their anti-parallel diodes.

[0034] The control circuit of the aforementioned starter generator controller includes a digital signal processor and its minimum system, a drive circuit, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, an analog signal acquisition and conditioning circuit, and a communication circuit.

[0035] against Figure 1 The implementation steps of the power device multiplexing control method for the topology shown are as follows: during startup, operation, and high-voltage DC power generation:

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, during starting operation, the first solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the second solid-state circuit breaker is opened, the DC bus of the main motor power circuit is connected to the 270V or 540V high-voltage DC starting power supply and disconnected from the airborne high-voltage DC load; the third solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the fourth solid-state circuit breaker is opened, the DC bus of the excitation power circuit is connected in parallel with the DC bus of the main motor power circuit, the 270V or 540V high-voltage DC starting power supply is connected, and the connection with the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit DC output is disconnected; the excitation power circuit outputs single-phase sinusoidal AC power with adjustable voltage and frequency through SPWM modulation to provide AC excitation power for the main excitation machine, and the main motor power circuit outputs three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency AC power through SVPWM modulation to make the main motor run in the electric mode and output electromagnetic torque, so as to drive the aero-engine to start and reach the disengagement speed, then the main motor power circuit and the excitation power circuit stop outputting, and the starting operation ends; after the starting operation ends, the first solid-state circuit breaker and the third solid-state circuit breaker are opened, and the main motor power circuit and the excitation power circuit of the starting generator controller are disconnected from the 270V or 540V high-voltage DC starting power supply.

[0037] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 As shown, during high-voltage DC power generation operation, the fourth solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the third solid-state circuit breaker is opened, the output DC voltage of the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit is connected to the DC bus of the excitation power circuit, and at this time the permanent magnet machine provides the required excitation power for the main excitation machine; the excitation power circuit outputs the required DC power for the main excitation machine; the three-phase AC power generated by the main motor is rectified by the anti-parallel diodes in the main motor power circuit to obtain the required high-voltage DC power; the second solid-state circuit breaker is closed, the first solid-state circuit breaker is opened, and the starting generator controller provides 270V or 540V power for the airborne high-voltage DC load; the excitation power circuit adjusts the DC excitation current by controlling the duty cycle, so that the voltage of the airborne high-voltage DC load power supply is kept at the rated value of 270V or 540V.

[0038] The power circuit multiplexing structure of the single-phase excitation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generator system of the application can also be used in a two-phase excitation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generator system and a three-phase excitation high-voltage DC three-stage starting generator system.

[0039] During high-voltage DC power generation operation, the rectification state of the main motor power circuit includes three-phase uncontrolled rectification state and three-phase controllable rectification state.

[0040] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented as examples of the application. Each embodiment is presented in a way that emphasizes the differences between the embodiments and the other embodiments. In particular, the device embodiments are described in less detail than the method embodiments because they are substantially similar to the method embodiments. The above description is presented in terms of preferred embodiments of the application, but the scope of the application is not limited to the preferred embodiments. Any person skilled in the art who understands the technology described in this specification can easily make changes or replacements within the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification, without departing from the principles of the application. Therefore, the scope of the application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A three-stage start-up power generation system power circuit multiplexing control structure, characterized by: The three-stage starter generator, a starter generator controller, a high-voltage direct-current starting power supply and an on-board high-voltage direct-current load are included. The three-stage starter generator includes a permanent magnet machine, a main excitation machine, a rotary rectifier and a main machine; the starter generator controller includes a main machine power circuit, an excitation power circuit, a permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit, a plurality of solid-state circuit breakers, a control circuit and an auxiliary power supply. The stator of the permanent magnet machine is connected with the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit of the starter generator controller; the stator of the main excitation machine is connected with the excitation power circuit of the starter generator controller; and the stator of the main machine is connected with the main machine power circuit of the starter generator controller. The main machine power circuit, the excitation power circuit and the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit are arranged in parallel, a third solid-state circuit breaker is arranged on a positive bus between the main machine power circuit and the excitation power circuit, and a fourth solid-state circuit breaker is arranged on a positive bus between the excitation power circuit and the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit. The positive pole of the high-voltage direct-current starting power supply is connected with the first solid-state circuit breaker of the starter generator controller, the first solid-state circuit breaker is connected with the positive pole of the main machine power circuit, and the negative pole of the high-voltage direct-current starting power supply is connected with the negative pole of the main machine power circuit. The positive pole of the on-board high-voltage direct-current load is connected with the second solid-state circuit breaker of the starter generator controller, the second solid-state circuit breaker is connected with the positive pole of the main machine power circuit, and the negative pole of the on-board high-voltage direct-current load is connected with the negative pole of the main machine power circuit.

2. The three-stage start-up power system power circuit multiplexing control structure of claim 1, wherein: The three-stage starter generator includes a single-phase excitation three-stage starter generator, a two-phase excitation three-stage starter generator and a three-phase excitation three-stage starter generator.

3. The three-stage start-up power system power circuit multiplexing control structure of claim 1, wherein: The excitation power circuit of the starter generator controller includes a single-phase H-bridge excitation power circuit, a two-phase H-bridge excitation power circuit and a three-phase H-bridge excitation power circuit.

4. The three-stage start-up power system power circuit multiplexing control structure of claim 1, wherein: The rectification state of the main machine power circuit of the starter generator controller in the high-voltage direct-current power generation operation includes a three-phase uncontrolled rectification state and a three-phase controllable rectification state.

5. The three-stage start-up power system power circuit multiplexing control structure of claim 1, wherein: The control circuit of the starter generator controller includes a digital signal processor and a minimum system thereof, a driving circuit, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, an analog quantity acquisition and conditioning circuit and a communication circuit.

6. The three-stage start-up power system power circuit multiplexing control architecture of claim 1, wherein: The solid-state circuit breaker of the starter generator controller includes two common-emitter IGBTs and anti-parallel diodes thereof, driving circuits and two common-source MOSFETs and anti-parallel diodes thereof.

7. A method for multiplexing control of a power circuit of a three-stage starting power generation system, using the multiplexing control structure of the three-stage starting power generation system of claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step one: when starting operation, close the first solid-state circuit breaker, open the second solid-state circuit breaker, connect the DC end of the main motor power circuit to the high-voltage DC starting power supply and disconnect it from the airborne high-voltage DC load; close the third solid-state circuit breaker, open the fourth solid-state circuit breaker, connect the DC end of the excitation power circuit in parallel with the DC end of the main motor power circuit, connect to the high-voltage DC starting power supply, and disconnect the connection with the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit DC output; the excitation power circuit output voltage provides excitation power for the main excitation machine with AC or DC power, and the main motor power circuit outputs three-phase variable voltage and frequency AC power, so that the main motor runs in the electric state and outputs electromagnetic torque to drive the aircraft engine to start and reach the disengagement speed; after the starting operation is completed, the main motor power circuit and the excitation power circuit stop outputting, and the starting operation is completed; after the starting operation is completed, open the first solid-state circuit breaker and the third solid-state circuit breaker, and the starting generator controller disconnects the high-voltage DC starting power supply; Step two: when the high-voltage DC power generation is running, close the fourth solid-state circuit breaker, open the third solid-state circuit breaker, connect the output DC voltage of the permanent magnet machine rectifier circuit to the excitation power circuit, and provide the required excitation power for the main excitation machine with the permanent magnet machine; the excitation power circuit outputs the required DC power for the main excitation machine; the three-phase AC power generated by the main motor is rectified by the main motor power circuit to obtain the required high-voltage DC power; close the second solid-state circuit breaker, open the first solid-state circuit breaker, and make the main motor supply power to the airborne high-voltage DC load through the starting generator controller; the excitation power circuit adjusts the DC excitation current by controlling the duty cycle to keep the voltage of the airborne high-voltage DC load power supply at the rated value.

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