An adjustable flow distribution cyclone separator series-parallel coupling system

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of gas-solid separation devices, and particularly relates to a cyclone separator series-parallel coupling system with adjustable flow distribution, comprising a plurality of separation devices, the separation devices are connected in series step by step, and a gas distribution system is arranged between any two adjacent separation devices, a plurality of gas inlets are arranged at the bottom of the gas distribution system, and a plurality of gas outlets are arranged at the top of the gas distribution system, each separation device is composed of a plurality of parallel cyclone separators, and the number of the cyclone separators in each separation device decreases sequentially with the increase of the number of stages; the exhaust pipes of the cyclone separators in the same separation device are connected with the gas inlets of the same gas distribution system, and the gas outlets of the gas distribution system are connected with the gas inlets of the cyclone separators in the previous separation device. The cyclone separators gradually decrease with the increase of the number of stages, which means the reduction of energy consumption. In combination with the cylindrical gas distribution system and the connection mode, the flow is optimized, the local resistance is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the separation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas-solid separation devices, specifically relating to a series-parallel coupling system of cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution. Background Technology

[0002] Cyclone separators are gas-solid separation devices capable of continuous operation under high temperature, high pressure, and high particle concentration conditions. They are widely used in numerous industries such as chemical, oil refining, metallurgy, building materials, and environmental protection, and are key equipment for recovering powder products in processes such as petroleum catalytic cracking, circulating fluidized bed boilers, and chemical product granulation and drying. In the environmental protection field, dust emission standards are increasing year by year; in the oil refining and chemical industries, the goal of reducing production costs also places higher demands on powder recovery capabilities. At this point, a single cyclone separator is no longer sufficient, and multiple cyclone separators are typically connected in series to achieve higher separation efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the most common series configuration is where each separator acts as a stage, with the outlet of the previous stage separator connected to the inlet of the next stage separator (hereinafter referred to as the "1+1" series structure). Dust-laden gas flows sequentially through each stage of separators for purification. The gas flow rate through each separator is exactly the same. However, considering the purification effect of the first-stage separation system, the airflow through the separators in the second stage contains less dust, and the dust particles are smaller. This increases the difficulty of particle capture in the second-stage separation system, often requiring a higher pressure drop, i.e., energy consumption, to improve the performance of a single separator. Therefore, the "1+1" series structure is energy-intensive and costly, failing to meet the "dual carbon" target. In 1996, McCallion proposed a new design concept: the first stage of the series system still uses one separator, while the second stage consists of two separators arranged side-by-side, each handling half of the gas flow (hereinafter referred to as the "1+2" ​​series structure). The core idea of ​​this design is to obtain a stronger centrifugal force field by reducing the diameter of the second-stage separator, thereby improving separation efficiency. However, this design philosophy is the same as the common "1+1" series structure, and it only sees the problem of the high separation difficulty of the second-stage separation system. It uses conventional methods to deal with the problem, and the performance improvement is not significant, and it is difficult to improve the separation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a series-parallel coupled system for cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution, which solves the problems of high energy consumption, high cost, and difficulty in improving separation efficiency in existing series separator structures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An adjustable flow distribution cyclone separator series-parallel coupling system includes multiple separation devices, which are connected in series. A gas distribution system is provided between any two adjacent separation devices. The gas distribution system has multiple air inlets at the bottom and multiple air outlets at the top. Each separation device consists of multiple cyclone separators connected in parallel. The number of cyclone separators in each separation device decreases sequentially with the increase of the number of stages, and the decreasing number varies depending on the type of powder. The exhaust pipes of the cyclone separators in the same separation device are all connected to the air inlets of the same gas distribution system. The air outlets of the gas distribution system are all connected to the air inlets of the cyclone separators in the next stage separation device. The gas distribution system collects the purified gas flowing out of each cyclone separator in the bottom separation device and distributes it to each cyclone separator in the top separation device of the gas distribution system.

[0007] Preferably, the number of cyclone separators in the n+1 stage separation device is reduced by one-third compared to the number of cyclone separators in the n-stage separation device.

[0008] Preferably, the gas distribution system is cylindrical, with multiple air inlets at the bottom and multiple air outlets at the top, all of which are rectangular and tangent to the cylinder. The multiple air inlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the exhaust pipe of the cyclone separator in the nth stage separation device, and the multiple air outlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the air inlet pipe of the cyclone separator in the (n+1)th stage separation device.

[0009] Preferably, the gas distribution system is in the shape of a ring pipe with curved ends connected together. The multiple air inlets at the bottom and the multiple air outlets at the top are all cuboids tangent to the cylinder. The multiple air inlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the exhaust pipe of the cyclone separator in the nth stage separation device, and the multiple air outlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the air inlet pipe of the cyclone separator in the (n+1)th stage separation device.

[0010] Preferably, the tube is either a circular tube or a square tube.

[0011] Since the purified gas flowing out of each cyclone separator is in a rotating state, the gas distribution system can reduce energy consumption and improve separation efficiency by maintaining the rotating flow of the purified gas.

[0012] Preferably, the cyclone separator is either a tangential rotary type or a direct current type.

[0013] Preferably, the tangential rotary cyclone separator includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a cylinder, a cone, an expansion chamber, and a discharge pipe. The main structure consists of a cylinder and a cone arranged concentrically, with the gas inlet pipe and outlet pipe at the top and the powder discharge pipe at the bottom.

[0014] Preferably, the main structure of the DC cyclone separator is cylindrical, with the gas inlet at the top and the gas and powder outlets at the bottom.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) The number of cyclone separators in each stage of the separation device decreases as the number of stages increases, which increases the gas flow rate through each cyclone separator. Under the condition that the inlet area of ​​each cyclone separator is the same, the gas velocity in the inlet pipe of each cyclone separator in the separation device with a higher number of stages is higher, thereby improving efficiency. The number of cyclone separators is reduced, the energy-consuming links are reduced, and the overall energy consumption of the series-parallel system is reduced.

[0017] (2) The airflow exhibits a strong swirling state within the exhaust pipe of the cyclone separator, with a relatively large proportion of kinetic energy. The tangential connection between the inlet and outlet of the gas distribution system effectively retains the kinetic energy of the airflow, guiding the airflow into the gas distribution system with lower energy consumption. A cylindrical or annular gas distribution system is adopted to guide the airflow to rotate again. At the same time, tangential inlets are arranged according to the direction of airflow rotation, so that the kinetic energy of multiple airflows is superimposed, generating a centrifugal force field within the gas distribution system. The particles to be captured are concentrated towards the side wall under centrifugal action. The outlet of the gas distribution system is tangential to the cylinder. On the one hand, the kinetic energy of the gas in the gas distribution system is introduced to the next stage with lower energy consumption; on the other hand, the particle concentration effect is also transferred to the next stage cyclone separator. The increased dust concentration in the airflow is beneficial to the efficiency improvement of the next stage cyclone separator, reducing energy dissipation caused by turbulence during the convergence and redistribution of the airflow, reducing the total energy consumption of the system while improving the separation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclone separator structure in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Separation device one; 2. Gas distribution system; 21. Air inlet; 22. Air outlet; 3. Cyclone separator; 31. Air inlet pipe; 32. Exhaust pipe; 33. Cylinder; 34. Cone; 35. Expansion chamber; 36. Discharge pipe; 4. Separation device two. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] The following examples use a mixture of silicon powder and air as the separation target, with a dust concentration of 10 g / m³ in the airflow. 3 . Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, a series-parallel coupled system of an adjustable flow distribution cyclone separator includes two-stage separation devices: Separator 1 and Separator 2 4. Separator 1 is the first-stage separation device, and Separator 2 4 is the second-stage separation device. Separator 1 and Separator 2 4 are connected in series. An air distribution system 2 is provided between Separator 1 and Separator 2 4. The air distribution system 2 is cylindrical with a diameter of 700 mm and a height of 800 mm. The air distribution system 2 has three air inlets 21 at the bottom and two air outlets 22 at the top. Both air inlets 21 and air outlets 22 are rectangular and tangent to the cylinder. The dimensions of air inlets 21 and air outlets 22 are 237 mm × 76 mm. Separation device 1 consists of three cyclone separators 3 connected in parallel, and separation device 2 consists of two cyclone separators 3 connected in parallel. Each cyclone separator 3 includes an inlet pipe 31, an outlet pipe 32, a cylinder 33, a cone 34, an expansion chamber 35, and a discharge pipe 36. The outlet pipe 32, cylinder 33, cone 34, expansion chamber 35, and discharge pipe 36 are arranged coaxially from top to bottom. The expansion chamber 24 is cylindrical at the top and conical at the bottom. The diameter of the cylinder 33 is 300 mm, the diameter of the outlet pipe 32 is 135 mm, and the length of the outlet pipe 32 inserted into the cylinder 33 is 182.6 mm. The diameter of the small end of the cone 34 is 120 mm. The height of the cylinder 33 is 546 mm, and the height of the cone 34 is 540 mm. The expansion chamber 35 has a cylindrical diameter of 210mm, a cylindrical height of 333mm, a conical height of 233mm, a discharge pipe 36 with a diameter of 70mm, and a length of 667mm. The exhaust pipes 32 of the three cyclone separators 3 in the first-stage separation device are tangentially connected one-to-one to the air inlet 21 of the gas distribution system 2. The air outlet 22 of the gas distribution system 2 is tangentially connected one-to-one to the air inlet pipes 31 of the two cyclone separators 3 in the second-stage separation device. The gas distribution system 2 collects the purified gas flowing out of each cyclone separator in the first-stage separation device and distributes it to each cyclone separator in the top separation device of the gas distribution system 2. The second stage... The number of cyclone separators in the separation unit is reduced, and the energy-consuming links are reduced, resulting in a reduction in the overall energy consumption of the series-parallel system. A cylindrical gas distribution system is adopted, and the exhaust pipes of the cyclone separators are all connected tangentially to the air inlets of the gas distribution system. The air outlets of the gas distribution system are all connected tangentially to the air inlets of the cyclone separators in the second-stage separation unit. The tangential inlets are arranged according to the direction of airflow swirl, so as to introduce the kinetic energy of the gas in the gas distribution system into the next stage with lower energy consumption, optimize the flow, reduce local resistance, and transfer the particle concentration effect to the next-stage cyclone separator. The increase in dust concentration in the airflow is conducive to the improvement of the efficiency of the next-stage cyclone separator and reduces the energy dissipation caused by turbulence during the convergence and redistribution of the airflow. Example 2

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a series-parallel coupled system of cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution includes two-stage separation devices: Separator 1 and Separator 2 4. Separator 1 is the first-stage separation device, and Separator 2 4 is the second-stage separation device. Separator 1 and Separator 2 4 are connected in series. An air distribution system 2 is provided between Separator 1 and Separator 2 4. The air distribution system 2 is a ring-shaped tube with a diameter of 700 mm. The outer wall of the air distribution system 2 has three air inlets 21 and two air outlets 22. The air inlets 21 and air outlets 22 are rectangular and tangent to the outer side of the ring tube. The dimensions of the air inlets 21 and air outlets 22 are 237 mm × 76 mm. Separator 1 consists of three cyclones... The separators 3 are connected in parallel. The second separation device 4 consists of two cyclone separators 3 connected in parallel. Each cyclone separator 3 includes an inlet pipe 31, an outlet pipe 32, a cylinder 33, a cone 34, an expansion chamber 35, and a discharge pipe 36. The outlet pipe 32, cylinder 33, cone 34, expansion chamber 35, and discharge pipe 36 are arranged coaxially from top to bottom. The expansion chamber 24 is cylindrical at the top and conical at the bottom. The diameter of the cylinder 33 is 300 mm, the diameter of the outlet pipe 32 is 135 mm, and the length of the outlet pipe 32 inserted into the cylinder 33 is 182.6 mm. The diameter of the small end of the cone 34 is 120 mm. The height of the cylinder 33 is 546 mm, and the height of the cone 34 is 540 mm. The expansion chamber 35... The cylinder has a diameter of 210mm, the expansion chamber 35 has a column height of 333mm, the expansion chamber 35 has a cone height of 233mm, the discharge pipe 36 has a diameter of 70mm, and the discharge pipe 36 has a length of 667mm. The exhaust pipes 32 of the three cyclone separators 3 in the first-stage separation device are all tangentially connected to the air inlets 21 of the gas distribution system 2. The air outlets 22 of the gas distribution system 2 are tangentially connected to the air inlets 31 of the two cyclone separators 3 in the second-stage separation device. The gas distribution system 2 collects the purified gas flowing out of each cyclone separator in the first-stage separation device and distributes it to each cyclone separator in the top separation device of the gas distribution system 2. The second-stage separation device cyclone separator... The number of separators is reduced, and energy-consuming links are reduced, resulting in a reduction in the overall energy consumption of the series-parallel system. A ring-shaped gas distribution system is adopted, and the exhaust pipes of the cyclone separators in the first-stage separation device are all connected tangentially to the air inlets of the gas distribution system. The air outlets of the gas distribution system are all connected tangentially to the air inlets of the cyclone separators in the second-stage separation device. The tangential inlets are arranged according to the direction of airflow swirl, so as to introduce the kinetic energy of the gas in the gas distribution system into the next stage with lower energy consumption, optimize the flow, reduce local resistance, and transfer the particle concentration effect to the next-stage cyclone separator. The increase in dust concentration in the airflow is conducive to the improvement of the efficiency of the next-stage cyclone separator and reduces the energy dissipation caused by turbulence during the convergence and redistribution of the airflow.

[0026] The above two embodiments establish a "3+2" cyclone separator series-parallel coupled system. Compared with a conventional "1+1" series system with three parallel cyclone separators of the above dimensions, the inlet gas velocity of the first-stage separator is set to 22 m / s. Numerical simulation results show that, compared with the conventional structure, the system of the present invention reduces the particle loss rate by 25% and the airflow energy loss (pressure drop) by 25%. Compared with the "1+2" ​​series system, the airflow energy loss (pressure drop) is comparable, and the system of the present invention reduces the particle loss rate by 20%.

Claims

1. A series-parallel coupled system for cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution, characterized in that, The system includes a multi-stage separation device, with each stage connected in series. A gas distribution system is provided between any two adjacent stages. The gas distribution system has multiple air inlets at the bottom and multiple air outlets at the top. Each stage of the separation device consists of multiple cyclone separators connected in parallel. The number of cyclone separators in each stage decreases sequentially with the increase in the stage number, and the decreasing number varies depending on the type of powder. The exhaust pipes of the cyclone separators in the same stage are all connected to the air inlets of the same gas distribution system, and the air outlets of the gas distribution system are all connected to the air inlets of the cyclone separators in the next stage of the separation device. The gas distribution system collects the purified gas flowing out of each cyclone separator in the bottom stage of the separation device and distributes it to each cyclone separator in the top stage of the gas distribution system. The number of cyclone separators in the n+1 stage of the separation device is one-third less than the number of cyclone separators in the nth stage of the separation device. The gas distribution system is cylindrical, with multiple air inlets at the bottom and multiple air outlets at the top, all of which are rectangular and tangent to the cylinder. The multiple air inlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the exhaust pipe of the cyclone separator in the nth stage separation device, and the multiple air outlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the air inlet pipe of the cyclone separator in the (n+1)th stage separation device. Alternatively, the gas distribution system may be in the form of a ring pipe with curved ends connected together. The multiple air inlets at the bottom and the multiple air outlets at the top are all cuboids tangent to the ring pipe. The multiple air inlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the exhaust pipe of the cyclone separator in the nth stage separation device, and the multiple air outlets of the gas distribution system are connected one-to-one tangentially to the air inlet pipe of the cyclone separator in the (n+1)th stage separation device.

2. The series-parallel coupled system of cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring pipe is either a circular pipe or a square pipe.

3. The series-parallel coupled system of cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone separator can be either a tangential rotary type or a direct current type.

4. The series-parallel coupled system of cyclone separators with adjustable flow distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tangential rotary cyclone separator includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a cylinder, a cone, an expansion chamber, and a discharge pipe. The main structure consists of a cylinder and a cone arranged concentrically, with the gas inlet pipe and outlet pipe at the top and the powder discharge pipe at the bottom.

5. A series-parallel coupled system for adjustable flow distribution of cyclone separators according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main structure of the DC cyclone separator is cylindrical, with the gas inlet at the top and the gas and powder outlets at the bottom.

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