A multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure preservation collection device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-sequence seawater insulation and pressure-holding collection device and method, which relates to the technical field of marine microorganism collection, and includes an outer frame, a flow rate regulation unit, a rotation unit, a multi-sequence sampling unit and a control unit; the multi-sequence sampling unit is arranged inside the outer frame and includes a plurality of sampling modules; each sampling module includes a sampling valve, a sampling bucket, a gas-phase cut-off valve and a back pressure valve connected in sequence; a plurality of sampling valves are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame, and the control ends of all sampling valves face the rotation unit; the rotation unit is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame, and the end of the rotation unit abuts against the control end of the sampling valve; the flow rate regulation unit is arranged inside the outer frame and includes a sampling liquid injection pump, an automatic cut-off valve, a flow rate controller and a first multi-channel distribution valve connected in sequence; each water outlet end of the first multi-channel distribution valve is correspondingly connected to the water inlet end of the sampling valve of a sampling module; the present invention can realize the slow and isobaric injection of seawater at multiple target horizons, ensure the collection stability and efficiency, reduce the sampling error, and provide important support for exploring the depth influence characteristics of marine microorganisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine microorganism collection, and more specifically, to a multi-sequence seawater temperature-insulation and pressure-maintaining collection device and method. Background Art

[0002] 90% of marine organisms are marine microorganisms, which participate in the cycle of key elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, and are an integral and important part of maintaining the normal operation of the marine ecosystem. The widespread deep-sea methane seepage phenomenon on the seabed is an important source of methane in the ocean and provides an important carbon source for marine microorganisms. For the methane seepage area on the seabed, due to the difference in the vertical distance from the seepage mouth and the influence of different temperature and pressure environmental conditions at different ocean depths, the content of dissolved methane in the ocean layers at different depths varies. In addition, the methane metabolism of microorganisms further leads to significant changes in the content of many other elements in seawater. Exploring the mechanism by which different ocean layers affect microbial methane metabolism is of great significance to revealing the ocean carbon cycle.

[0003] Due to the difficulty of entering the deep sea and the difficulty of long-term in-situ research in the ocean, collecting microorganisms in seawater at different marine layers and studying the methane metabolism process is an important way to explore the mechanism of methane metabolism, which requires corresponding multi-layer seawater collection equipment. However, the current equipment for multi-layer seawater collection is mainly a conventional salt temperature depth (CTD) measurement system that cannot maintain heat and pressure. Due to changes in temperature and pressure, dissolved gas in seawater may escape, and microorganisms may also be inactivated to varying degrees due to changes in environmental conditions, resulting in the collected microorganisms being separated from the in-situ environment and unable to invert the real methane metabolism process. In order to solve this type of problem, a large number of single-sequence heat preservation, pressure preservation or heat preservation and pressure preservation seawater collection equipment have been developed, but due to the single sequence, it cannot meet the needs of multi-depth sequence collection. Although the effect of multiple sequences can also be achieved through multiple collections of a single sequence, the sampling error of multiple dives is large and the collection efficiency is low. The existing small amount of research on the heat preservation and pressure preservation collection of multi-sequence seawater can only achieve passive heat preservation of seawater, and the accurate heat preservation ability is poor. In addition, during the process of collecting seawater under pressure, passive sampling of seawater at different layers is mainly achieved through the pressure difference between the seawater and the sampling bucket. However, due to the large pressure difference between the seawater environment and the sampling bucket (32) and the fast water sampling flow rate, it will also cause the temporary escape of dissolved gas and distortion of the microbial stage. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defect that in the existing seawater collection process, the passive water collection using high-pressure difference causes stage distortion of the dissolved gas and microbial properties in seawater, the present invention provides a multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure preservation collection device and method, which can realize the slow and isobaric injection of seawater at multiple target horizons, ensure the collection stability and efficiency, reduce the sampling error, and provide important support for exploring the depth influence characteristics of marine microorganisms.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure preservation collection device, including an outer frame, a flow rate regulation unit, a rotation unit, a multi-sequence sampling unit and a control unit;

[0007] The multi-sequence sampling unit is arranged inside the outer frame and includes a plurality of sampling modules; each sampling module includes a sampling valve, a sampling bucket, a gas-phase cut-off valve and a back-pressure valve connected in sequence; the plurality of sampling valves are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame, and the control ends of all sampling valves face the rotation unit;

[0008] The rotation unit is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame, and the end of the rotation unit abuts against the control end of the sampling valve;

[0009] The flow rate regulation unit is arranged inside the outer frame and includes a sampling liquid injection pump, an automatic cut-off valve, a flow rate controller and a first multi-channel distribution valve connected in sequence; each water outlet end of the first multi-channel distribution valve is correspondingly connected to the water inlet end of a sampling valve of a sampling module;

[0010] The control unit is arranged inside the outer frame, and the output end of the control unit is respectively connected to the control ends of the rotation unit, the sampling bucket, the sampling liquid injection pump and the flow rate controller.

[0011] In the sampling device provided by the present invention, the outer frame is used to carry other units; the rotating unit is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame, and a plurality of sampling valves are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame, and the control ends of all the sampling valves face the rotating unit, and the end of the rotating unit abuts against the control end of the sampling valve; the rotating unit can be set to different rotation angles according to the number of sampling valves. When any sampling valve needs to be opened, the rotating unit is rotated to a certain preset angle, and the sampling valve is opened by mechanical extrusion; before the sampling device is lowered into the water, the water depth and the corresponding ambient pressure of several target water sampling layers are determined. According to the order of the target water sampling layers from deep to shallow, nitrogen is pre-charged into the gas phase chambers of several sampling buckets through the gas phase cut-off valves to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the corresponding back pressure valves are adjusted to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the gas phase cut-off valves are kept in the open state; the pressure of the gas phase chamber of the sampling bucket is charged to be equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer, which can reduce the pressure difference between the external seawater environment and the sampling bucket, and avoid the rapid influx of seawater into the liquid phase chamber of the sampling bucket caused by too high a pressure difference; the back pressure valve is used to maintain the system pressure in the sampling bucket constant and equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer during the seawater injection process. The collection device is lowered to the target water sampling layer, the sampling liquid injection pump and the automatic cut-off valve are controlled to be opened, and the parameters of the flow controller are set to control the amount of seawater injected, so that the seawater is slowly and isobarically injected into the liquid phase chamber of the sampling bucket. Since the pressure of the gas phase chamber of the sampling bucket is equal to the external hydrostatic pressure, and the back pressure of the back pressure valve is also equal to the pressure of the gas phase chamber, the sampling liquid injection pump only needs to provide a very low additional injection driving force. When the amount of seawater reaches the preset target value, the automatic cut-off valve automatically closes to avoid further injection of seawater; after the automatic cut-off valve is closed, the sampling liquid injection pump will form current self-protection and stop working due to the blockage of the liquid inlet, and the flow controller also stops with the closing of the automatic cut-off valve; the rotating unit rotates away from the current sampling valve position, and the current sampling valve closes. The above process is repeated to perform sampling of multiple target water sampling layers.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating unit includes a rotating actuator and a cam; the rotating actuator is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame, the cam is arranged on the rotating actuator, and the end of the cam abuts against the control end of the sampling valve.

[0013] Preferably, each sampling bucket includes an upper end cover, an outer barrel wall, an inner barrel wall, a piston, a plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules, a circulation pipeline, a seawater circulation inlet, a seawater circulation outlet and a lower end cover;

[0014] The upper end cover is arranged at one end of the outer barrel wall, and the lower end cover is arranged at the other end of the outer barrel wall; the inner barrel wall is concentric with the outer barrel wall, and a vacuum insulation layer is formed between the outer barrel wall and the inner barrel wall; the piston is arranged in the inner barrel wall, and the cavity between the inner barrel wall and the upper end cover and the lower end cover is divided into a liquid phase chamber and a gas phase chamber;

[0015] The outer barrel wall is provided with a through seawater circulation inlet and a seawater circulation outlet, and the several refrigeration and heat exchange modules are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall; the seawater circulation inlet, the several refrigeration and heat exchange modules, and the seawater circulation outlet form a series connection through a circulation pipeline;

[0016] The water outlet end of the sampling valve is connected to the upper end cover of the sampling barrel, and the lower end cover of the sampling barrel is connected to the gas phase cut-off valve;

[0017] The control ends of the several refrigeration and heat exchange modules are all connected to the output end of the control unit.

[0018] Each sampling barrel conducts active heat preservation and passive heat preservation simultaneously; the passive heat preservation is realized through the vacuum heat preservation layer between the outer barrel wall and the inner barrel wall, which increases the thermal resistance. At the same time, several refrigeration and heat exchange modules are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall in the vacuum heat preservation layer for active heat preservation. Before the sampling device is lowered into the water, the temperatures of several target water sampling layers are determined and set as the target temperatures of the refrigeration and heat exchange modules of several sampling barrels, and the refrigeration and heat exchange modules in different sampling barrels will automatically control the temperature according to the target temperature. The combination of active refrigeration and vacuum heat preservation realizes the efficient heat preservation of seawater.

[0019] Preferably, each refrigeration and heat exchange module includes a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, a semiconductor heat exchange sheet, and a semiconductor heat exchange water tank;

[0020] The refrigeration end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is arranged on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall, the heat release end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is connected to one end of the semiconductor heat exchange sheet, and the other end of the semiconductor heat exchange sheet is connected to the semiconductor heat exchange water tank;

[0021] The semiconductor heat exchange water tank is provided with a first port and a second port;

[0022] A series connection path is formed by arranging a circulation pipeline between the first port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank of one refrigeration and heat exchange module and the second port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank of another refrigeration and heat exchange module. The first port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank of the refrigeration and heat exchange module at one end of the series connection path is connected to the seawater circulation inlet through a circulation pipeline, and the second port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank of the refrigeration and heat exchange module at the other end of the series connection path is connected to the seawater circulation outlet through a circulation pipeline;

[0023] The control end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (3251) is connected to the output end of the control unit (5).

[0024] Preferably, the device further includes a seawater circulation heat exchange unit; the seawater circulation heat exchange unit includes a circulation liquid injection pump, a second multi-channel distribution valve, a third multi-channel distribution valve, several seawater inlet pipes, and several seawater outlet pipes;

[0025] Both the first water inlet and the first water outlet of the circulating liquid injection pump are suspended;

[0026] The second water outlet of the circulating liquid injection pump is connected to the water inlet end of the second multi-channel distribution valve. Each water outlet end of the second multi-channel distribution valve is connected to one end of a seawater inlet pipe, and the other end of each seawater inlet pipe is correspondingly connected to the seawater circulation inlet of a sampling bucket;

[0027] The second water inlet of the circulating liquid injection pump is connected to the water outlet end of the third multi-channel distribution valve. Each water inlet end of the third multi-channel distribution valve is connected to one end of a seawater outlet pipe, and the other end of each seawater outlet pipe is correspondingly connected to the seawater circulation outlet of a sampling bucket;

[0028] The output end of the control unit is connected to the control end of the circulating liquid injection pump.

[0029] The refrigerating end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is closely attached to the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall. The heat release end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet conducts heat through the semiconductor heat exchange sheet. The semiconductor heat exchange sheet uses external circulating seawater through the semiconductor heat exchange water tank to transfer heat. The seawater circulation heat exchange unit realizes the function of using a single circulating liquid injection pump to provide circulating seawater for the refrigeration and heat exchange modules of multiple sampling buckets. The refrigeration and heat exchange modules of different sampling buckets are connected in parallel through the second multi-channel distribution valve and the third multi-channel distribution valve.

[0030] During the process of circulating water flow, seawater first enters the circulating liquid injection pump through the first water inlet of the circulating liquid injection pump, and then flows out through the second water outlet of the circulating liquid injection pump; the seawater flowing out forms multi-path seawater in the second multi-channel distribution valve, and then respectively enters the refrigeration and heat exchange modules through the seawater inlet pipes connected to the seawater circulation inlets of different sampling buckets; for multiple refrigeration and heat exchange modules on a single sampling bucket, the circulating seawater is reused for heat exchange through series connection of the circulation pipelines; the circulating seawater after heat exchange flows out through the seawater circulation outlet on the sampling bucket; the seawater flowing out of different sampling buckets will converge in the third multi-channel distribution valve through the seawater outlet pipes and flow into the circulating liquid injection pump from the second water inlet, and finally flow out from the first water outlet. The seawater circulation heat exchange unit and the refrigeration and heat exchange modules are immediately started after the device is put into the water, so that different sampling buckets can reach and stabilize at the temperature of the target seawater layer faster.

[0031] Preferably, each of the sampling modules further includes a liquid phase cut-off valve;

[0032] The water outlet end of the sampling valve is connected to one end of the liquid phase cut-off valve, and the other end of the liquid phase cut-off valve is connected to the sampling bucket.

[0033] The liquid-phase stop valve is used to cut off the connection between the liquid-phase cavity of the water sampling bucket and the front end of the liquid-phase stop valve after the sampling device is recovered onto the ship, reducing the leakage probability. Meanwhile, in addition to the function of pre-charging nitrogen, the gas-phase stop valve is also used to cut off the connection between the gas-phase cavity of the water sampling bucket and the rear end, reducing the leakage probability.

[0034] Preferably, each of the sampling modules further includes a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve;

[0035] The water outlet end of the sampling valve is connected to one end of the first one-way valve, and the other end of the first one-way valve is connected to one end of the liquid-phase stop valve;

[0036] The other end of the back pressure valve is connected to one end of the second one-way valve, and the other end of the second one-way valve is left hanging.

[0037] The first one-way valve is used to further prevent the sampling bucket from leaking if there is a leak at its front end, and the second one-way valve is used to prevent seawater from flowing back into the gas-phase cavity of the sampling bucket from the bottom.

[0038] Preferably, each of the sampling modules further includes a temperature sensor, a liquid-phase pressure sensor, and a gas-phase pressure sensor;

[0039] The temperature sensor and the liquid-phase pressure sensor are both arranged at the upper end cover, and the gas-phase pressure sensor is arranged at the lower end cover;

[0040] The data output ends of the temperature sensor, the liquid-phase pressure sensor, and the gas-phase pressure sensor are all connected to the data input end of the control unit.

[0041] The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature in the liquid-phase cavity of the sampling bucket, providing feedback for the temperature control of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet; the liquid-phase pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the liquid-phase cavity of the sampling bucket, judging whether there is a leak in the sampling bucket, and also providing feedback for the injection of the target pressure in the gas-phase cavity and the seawater injection of the flow controller; the gas-phase pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the gas-phase cavity of the sampling bucket.

[0042] The present invention also provides a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure maintenance sampling method, which is applied to the above-mentioned sampling device, and includes:

[0043] S1: Determine the water depths, corresponding ambient pressures, and temperatures of several target water sampling layers. According to the water depth order of the target water sampling layers, pre-charge nitrogen into the gas-phase cavities of several sampling buckets through the gas-phase stop valve to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, adjust the corresponding back pressure valve to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and keep the gas-phase stop valve in an open state;

[0044] S2: Set the target temperatures of all the semiconductor refrigeration sheets in the corresponding sampling buckets according to the temperatures of the target water sampling layers;

[0045] S3: When the collection device enters the water, the control unit (5) controls the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (3251) and the circulating liquid injection pump (61) to start, and lowers the collection device to the target water sampling layer with the deepest water depth;

[0046] S4: Control the rotary actuator to drive the cam to rotate to the control end of the corresponding sampling valve, and open the sampling valve by mechanical extrusion;

[0047] S5: Correspondingly set the parameters of the flow controller, control the sampling liquid injection pump and the automatic cut-off valve to open, seawater is injected into the opened sampling valve through the first multi-channel distribution valve, and then enters the liquid phase cavity of the corresponding sampling bucket; the temperature sensor, the liquid phase pressure sensor and the gas phase pressure sensor collect the current temperature, the current liquid phase pressure and the current gas phase pressure of the sampling bucket in real time;

[0048] S6: The flow controller measures the injected seawater volume in real time. When the seawater volume reaches the preset target value, control the automatic cut-off valve, the sampling liquid injection pump and the flow controller to close in sequence, and control the rotary actuator to drive the cam to rotate away from the control end of the current sampling valve;

[0049] S7: Judge whether the water sample collection of all target water sampling layers is completed; if not, lift the collection device to the next target water sampling layer, and repeat steps S4 - S6; otherwise, end the water sample collection.

[0050] Preferably, after lowering the collection device to the target water sampling layer with the deepest water depth, it further includes:

[0051] Seawater flows in through the first water inlet of the circulating liquid injection pump, flows out through the second water outlet, forms several paths of seawater through the second multi-channel distribution valve, and enters the refrigeration and heat exchange modules of different sampling buckets from the seawater circulation water inlet through the seawater inlet pipe;

[0052] After the seawater exchanges heat through all the refrigeration and heat exchange modules of the sampling bucket, it flows into the third multi-channel distribution valve through the seawater circulation water outlet through the seawater outlet pipe to gather; the gathered seawater flows into the circulating liquid injection pump through the second water inlet and flows out through the first water outlet.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0054] In the present invention, the rotating unit is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame, and a plurality of sampling valves are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame. The control ends of all the sampling valves face the rotating unit, and the end of the rotating unit abuts against the control end of the sampling valve. Before the sampling device is lowered into the water, the water depths and corresponding ambient pressures of several target water sampling layers are determined. Through the gas-phase cut-off valve, nitrogen is pre-charged into the gas-phase chambers of several sampling barrels to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the corresponding back-pressure valve is adjusted to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, while keeping the gas-phase cut-off valve in the open state. Charging the gas-phase chamber pressure of the sampling barrel to be equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer can reduce the pressure difference between the external seawater environment and the sampling barrel, and avoid the rapid inflow of seawater into the liquid-phase chamber of the sampling barrel caused by too high a pressure difference. The back-pressure valve is used to maintain the system pressure in the sampling barrel constant and equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer during the seawater injection process. Lower the collection device to the target water sampling layer, rotate the rotating unit to the control end of the corresponding sampling valve, and open the sampling valve by mechanical extrusion. Control the sampling liquid injection pump and the automatic cut-off valve to open, and set the parameters of the flow controller to control the amount of seawater injected, so that the seawater is slowly and isobarically injected into the liquid-phase chamber of the sampling barrel. When the amount of seawater reaches the preset target value, control the automatic cut-off valve, the sampling liquid injection pump and the flow controller to close in sequence, and control the rotating actuator to drive the cam to rotate away from the control end of the current sampling valve. The present invention can realize the slow and isobaric injection of seawater at multiple target layers, ensure the collection stability and efficiency, reduce the sampling error, and provide important support for exploring the depth influence characteristics of marine microorganisms. Description of the Drawings

[0055] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure preservation collection device according to Embodiment 1;

[0056] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure preservation collection device according to Embodiment 2;

[0057] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the sampling barrel according to Embodiment 2;

[0058] Figure 4 Top view of the rotating unit according to Embodiment 2;

[0059] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the seawater circulation heat exchange unit according to Embodiment 2;

[0060] Figure 6 Flow chart of a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure preservation collection method according to Embodiment 3;

[0061] In the figure: 1 - outer frame, 2 - rotation unit, 3 - sampling module, 4 - flow rate regulation unit, 5 - control unit, 6 - seawater circulation heat exchange unit, 21 - rotation actuator, 22 - cam, 31 - sampling valve, 32 - sampling bucket, 33 - gas phase cut-off valve, 34 - back pressure valve, 35 - liquid phase cut-off valve, 36 - first one-way valve, 37 - second one-way valve, 38 - temperature sensor, 39 - liquid phase pressure sensor, 310 - gas phase pressure sensor, 41 - sampling liquid injection pump, 42 - automatic cut-off valve, 43 - flow controller, 44 - first multi-channel distribution valve, 61 - circulation liquid injection pump, 62 - second multi-channel distribution valve, 63 - third multi-channel distribution valve, 64 - seawater inlet pipe, 65 - seawater outlet pipe, 321 - upper end cover, 322 - outer barrel wall, 323 - inner barrel wall, 324 - piston, 325 - refrigeration heat exchange module, 326 - circulation pipeline, 327 - seawater circulation inlet, 328 - seawater circulation outlet, 329 - lower end cover, 3251 - semiconductor refrigeration sheet, 3252 - semiconductor heat exchange sheet, 3253 - semiconductor heat exchange water tank. Detailed implementation mode

[0062] The attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation to this patent;

[0063] To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the attached drawings are omitted, enlarged or reduced, which do not represent the dimensions of the actual product;

[0064] For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the attached drawings may be omitted.

[0065] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the attached drawings and embodiments.

[0066] Embodiment 1

[0067] This embodiment provides a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure preservation sampling device, as Figure 1 shown, including an outer frame 1, a rotation unit 2, a multi-sequence sampling unit, a flow rate regulation unit 4 and a control unit 5;

[0068] The multi-sequence sampling unit is arranged inside the outer frame 1 and includes a plurality of sampling modules 3; each sampling module 3 includes a sampling valve 31, a sampling bucket 32, a gas phase cut-off valve 33 and a back pressure valve 34 connected in sequence; the plurality of sampling valves 31 are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame 1, and the control ends of all sampling valves 31 face the rotation unit 2;

[0069] The rotation unit 2 is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame 1, and the end of the rotation unit 2 abuts against the control end of the sampling valve 31;

[0070] The flow rate regulation unit 4 is arranged inside the outer frame 1 and includes a sampling injection pump 41, an automatic cut-off valve 42, a flow controller 43, and a first multi-channel distribution valve 44 that are connected in sequence; each water outlet end of the first multi-channel distribution valve 44 is correspondingly connected to the water inlet end of a sampling valve 31 of a sampling module 3;

[0071] The control unit 5 is arranged inside the outer frame 1, and the output ends of the control unit 5 are respectively connected to the control ends of the rotation unit 2, the sampling bucket 32, the sampling injection pump 41, and the flow controller 43.

[0072] In the specific implementation process, the outer frame 1 is used to carry other units; the rotation unit 2 is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame 1, and several sampling valves 31 are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame 1. The control ends of all sampling valves 31 face the rotation unit 2, and the end of the rotation unit 2 abuts against the control end of the sampling valve 31; the rotation unit 2 can be set to different rotation angles according to the number of sampling valves 31. When any sampling valve 31 needs to be opened, the rotation unit 2 is rotated to a certain preset angle, and the sampling valve 31 is opened by mechanical extrusion; before the sampling device is lowered into the water, the water depths and corresponding ambient pressures of several target water sampling layers are determined. According to the order of the target water sampling layers from deep to shallow, nitrogen is pre-filled into the gas phase chambers of several sampling buckets 32 through the gas phase cut-off valve 33 to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the corresponding back pressure valve 34 is adjusted to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the gas phase cut-off valve 33 is kept in the open state; filling the gas phase chamber pressure of the sampling bucket 32 to be equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer can reduce the pressure difference between the external seawater environment and the sampling bucket 32, and avoid the rapid injection of seawater into the liquid phase chamber of the sampling bucket 32 caused by too high a pressure difference; the back pressure valve 34 is used to maintain the system pressure in the sampling bucket 32 constant and equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer during the seawater injection process. The collection device is lowered to the target water sampling layer, the sampling injection pump 41 and the automatic cut-off valve 42 are controlled to be opened, and the parameters of the flow controller 43 are set to control the amount of seawater injected, so that the seawater is slowly and isobarically injected into the liquid phase chamber of the sampling bucket 32. Since the gas phase chamber pressure of the sampling bucket 32 is equal to the external hydrostatic pressure, and the back pressure of the back pressure valve 34 is also equal to the gas phase chamber pressure, the sampling injection pump 41 only needs to provide a very low additional injection driving force. When the amount of seawater reaches the preset target value, the automatic cut-off valve 42 automatically closes to avoid further injection of seawater; after the automatic cut-off valve 42 closes, the sampling injection pump 41 will form current self-protection and stop working due to the blockage of the liquid inlet, and the flow controller 43 also stops with the closing of the automatic cut-off valve 42; the rotation unit 2 rotates away from the current position of the sampling valve 31, and the current sampling valve 31 closes. Repeat the above process to perform sampling of multiple target water sampling layers.

[0073] Embodiment 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure preservation collection device, as Figure 2 shown, which includes an outer frame 1, a flow rate regulation unit 4, a rotation unit 2, a multi-sequence sampling unit, a control unit 5, and a seawater circulation heat exchange unit 6;

[0075] The multi-sequence sampling unit is arranged inside the outer frame 1 and includes a plurality of sampling modules 3; each sampling module 3 includes a sampling valve 31, a first one-way valve 36, a liquid phase cut-off valve 35, a sampling bucket 32, a gas phase cut-off valve 33, a back pressure valve 34, and a second one-way valve 37 connected in sequence; the plurality of sampling valves 31 are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame 1, and the control ends of all sampling valves 31 face the rotation unit 2;

[0076] As Figure 3 shown, each sampling bucket 32 includes an upper end cover 321, an outer barrel wall 322, an inner barrel wall 323, a piston 324, a plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325, a circulation pipeline 326, a seawater circulation inlet 327, a seawater circulation outlet 328, and a lower end cover 329;

[0077] The upper end cover 321 is arranged at one end of the outer barrel wall 322, and the lower end cover 329 is arranged at the other end of the outer barrel wall 322; the inner barrel wall 323 is concentric with the outer barrel wall 322, and a vacuum insulation layer is formed between the outer barrel wall 322 and the inner barrel wall 323; the piston 324 is arranged in the inner barrel wall 323, and the cavity between the inner barrel wall 323 and the upper end cover 321 and the lower end cover 329 is divided into a liquid phase cavity and a gas phase cavity;

[0078] The outer barrel wall 322 is provided with a through seawater circulation inlet 327 and a seawater circulation outlet 328, and the plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall 323; the seawater circulation inlet 327, the plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325, and the seawater circulation outlet 328 form a series connection through the circulation pipeline 326;

[0079] Each refrigeration and heat exchange module 325 includes a semiconductor refrigeration sheet 3251, a semiconductor heat exchange sheet 3252, and a semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253;

[0080] The refrigeration end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 3251 is arranged on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall 323, the heat release end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 3251 is connected to one end of the semiconductor heat exchange sheet 3252, and the other end of the semiconductor heat exchange sheet 3252 is connected to the semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253;

[0081] The semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253 is provided with a first port and a second port;

[0082] A series connection path is formed by arranging a circulation pipeline 326 between the first port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253 of one refrigeration heat exchange module 325 and the second port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253 of another refrigeration heat exchange module 325. The first port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253 of the refrigeration heat exchange module 325 located at one end of the series connection path is connected to the seawater circulation inlet 327 through the circulation pipeline 326, and the second port of the semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253 of the refrigeration heat exchange module 325 located at the other end of the series connection path is connected to the seawater circulation outlet 328 through the circulation pipeline 326;

[0083] The control end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 3251 is connected to the output end of the control unit 5.

[0084] Each sampling module 3 further includes a temperature sensor 38, a liquid-phase pressure sensor 39 and a gas-phase pressure sensor 310; the temperature sensor 38 and the liquid-phase pressure sensor 39 are both arranged at the upper end cover 321, and the gas-phase pressure sensor 310 is arranged at the lower end cover 329

[0085] As Figure 4 shown, the rotating unit 2 includes a rotating actuator 21 and a cam 22; the rotating actuator 21 is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame 1, the cam 22 is arranged on the rotating actuator 21, and the end of the cam 22 abuts against the control end of the sampling valve 31;

[0086] The flow rate regulating unit 4 is arranged in the outer frame 1 and includes a sampling injection pump 41, an automatic cut-off valve 42, a flow controller 43 and a first multi-channel distribution valve 44 connected in sequence; each water outlet end of the first multi-channel distribution valve 44 is correspondingly connected to the water inlet end of a sampling valve 31 of a sampling module 3;

[0087] As Figure 5 shown, the seawater circulation heat exchange unit 6 includes a circulation injection pump 61, a second multi-channel distribution valve 62, a third multi-channel distribution valve 63 and a plurality of seawater inlet pipes 64 and a plurality of seawater outlet pipes 65;

[0088] The first water inlet and the first water outlet of the circulation injection pump 61 are both suspended;

[0089] The second water outlet of the circulation injection pump 61 is connected to the water inlet end of the second multi-channel distribution valve 62, each water outlet end of the second multi-channel distribution valve 62 is connected to one end of a seawater inlet pipe 64, and the other end of each seawater inlet pipe 64 is correspondingly connected to the seawater circulation inlet 327 of a sampling bucket 32;

[0090] The second water inlet of the circulating liquid injection pump 61 is connected to the water outlet end of the third multi-channel distribution valve 63. Each water inlet end of the third multi-channel distribution valve 63 is connected to one end of a seawater outlet pipe 65. The other end of each seawater outlet pipe 65 is correspondingly connected to the seawater circulation water outlet 328 of a sampling bucket 32.

[0091] The control unit 5 is arranged inside the outer frame 1. The output ends of the control unit 5 are respectively connected to the control ends of the rotary actuator 21, the sampling liquid injection pump 41, the flow controller 43 and the circulating liquid injection pump 61. The data output ends of the temperature sensor 38, the liquid phase pressure sensor 39 and the gas phase pressure sensor 310 are all connected to the data input end of the control unit 5.

[0092] In the specific implementation process, the outer frame 1 is used to carry other units. The rotary actuator 21 is arranged at the center of the top of the outer frame 1. A plurality of sampling valves 31 are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame 1. The control ends of all the sampling valves 31 face the rotary actuator 21. The end of the cam 22 abuts against the control end of the sampling valve 31. The rotary actuator 21 can be set with different rotation angles according to the number of sampling valves 31. When any sampling valve 31 needs to be opened, the rotary actuator 21 is rotated to a certain preset angle, and the sampling valve 31 is opened by mechanical extrusion. Before the sampling device is lowered into the water, the water depths and corresponding ambient pressures of several target water sampling layers are determined. According to the order of the target water sampling layers from deep to shallow, nitrogen is correspondingly pre-charged into the gas phase chambers of several sampling buckets 32 through the gas phase cut-off valve 33 to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the corresponding back pressure valve 34 is adjusted to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and the gas phase cut-off valve 33 is kept in an open state. Charging the gas phase chamber pressure of the sampling bucket 32 to be equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer can reduce the pressure difference between the external seawater environment and the sampling bucket 32, and avoid the rapid influx of seawater into the liquid phase chamber of the sampling bucket 32 caused by too high a pressure difference. The back pressure valve 34 is used to maintain the system pressure in the sampling bucket 32 constant and equal to the pressure of the target water sampling layer during the seawater injection process.

[0093] Each sampling bucket 32 performs active heat preservation and passive heat preservation simultaneously; the passive heat preservation is achieved through the vacuum heat preservation layer between the outer barrel wall 322 and the inner barrel wall 323, which improves the thermal resistance. At the same time, several refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall 323 in the vacuum heat preservation layer for active heat preservation. Before the sampling device enters the water, the temperatures of several target water sampling layers are determined and set as the target temperatures of the refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 of several sampling buckets 32. The refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 in different sampling buckets 32 will automatically control the temperature according to the target temperature. The combination of active refrigeration and vacuum heat preservation realizes the efficient heat preservation of seawater. The refrigeration end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 3251 is closely attached to the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall 323. The heat release end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 3251 conducts heat through the semiconductor heat exchange sheet 3252. The semiconductor heat exchange sheet 3252 uses the external circulating seawater through the semiconductor heat exchange water tank 3253 to transfer heat. The seawater circulation heat exchange unit 6 realizes the function of providing circulating seawater for the refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 of multiple sampling buckets 32 by a single circulating liquid injection pump 61. The refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 of different water sampling buckets are connected in parallel through the second multi-channel distribution valve 62 and the third multi-channel distribution valve 63.

[0094] When the collection device enters the water, turn on the circulating liquid injection pump 61; during the flow of the circulating water, the seawater first enters the circulating liquid injection pump 61 through the first water inlet of the circulating liquid injection pump 61, and then flows out through the second water outlet of the circulating liquid injection pump 61; the flowing seawater forms multi-path seawater in the second multi-channel distribution valve 62, and then respectively enters the refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 through the seawater inlet pipe 64 connected to the seawater circulation inlet 327 on different sampling buckets 32; for multiple refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 on a single sampling bucket 32, the circulating seawater is reused for heat exchange in series through the circulating pipeline 326; the circulating seawater after heat exchange flows out through the seawater circulation outlet 328 on the sampling bucket 32; the seawater flowing out of different sampling buckets 32 will converge in the third multi-channel distribution valve 63 through the seawater outlet pipe 65 and flow into the circulating liquid injection pump 61 from the second water inlet, and finally flow out from the first water outlet. The seawater circulation heat exchange unit 6 and the refrigeration and heat exchange module 325 are immediately turned on after the device enters the water, so that different sampling buckets 32 can reach and stabilize at the temperature of the target seawater layer faster.

[0095] Lower the sampling device to the target water sampling layer, control the sampling liquid injection pump 41 and the automatic cut-off valve 42 to open, set the parameters of the flow controller 43 to control the amount of seawater injected, and slowly and isobarically inject seawater into the liquid phase cavity of the sampling bucket 32. Since the pressure in the gas phase cavity of the sampling bucket 32 is equal to the external hydrostatic pressure, and the back pressure of the back pressure valve 34 is also equal to the pressure in the gas phase cavity, the sampling liquid injection pump 41 only needs to provide a very low additional injection driving force. When the amount of seawater reaches the preset target value, the automatic cut-off valve 42 automatically closes to prevent further injection of seawater; after the automatic cut-off valve 42 closes, the sampling liquid injection pump 41 will form a current self-protection and stop working due to the blockage of the liquid inlet, and the flow controller 43 also stops with the closing of the automatic cut-off valve 42; the rotating unit 2 rotates away from the current sampling valve 31 position, and the current sampling valve 31 closes. Repeat the above process to sample multiple target water sampling layers.

[0096] This embodiment solves the problems of short-term escape of dissolved gas in water and distortion of the microbial stage that may occur in passive water sampling using high pressure differences in the past. Since the pressure in the gas phase cavity of the sampling bucket 32 is equal to the external hydrostatic pressure, and the back pressure of the back pressure valve 34 is also equal to the pressure in the gas phase cavity, the sampling liquid injection pump 41 only needs to provide a very low additional injection driving force. By combining the back pressure valve 34 with the second one-way valve 37, the high-pressure gas in the gas phase cavity of the sampling bucket 32 does not escape, and the external high-pressure seawater does not reverse and invade. Moreover, the high-pressure gas is slowly discharged. By combining the back pressure valve 34 with the one-way valve, it is controlled that the high-pressure gas in the gas phase cavity of the sampling bucket 32 does not escape, and the external high-pressure seawater does not reverse and invade, and the high-pressure gas is slowly discharged at a specified moment. In addition, by using a circulating liquid injection pump 61 in combination with deep low-temperature seawater, efficient heat exchange is carried out on the refrigeration and heat exchange modules 325 of multiple sampling modules 3, and no additional cooling device is required, greatly reducing the device cost; the water sampling bucket is designed with a double-layer barrel wall and combined with the refrigeration and heat exchange module 325, integrating the methods of semiconductor refrigeration and vacuum insulation, and realizing stable and accurate control of different seawater temperatures at different depths.

[0097] Embodiment 3

[0098] This embodiment provides a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure preservation sampling method, which is applied to the sampling device described in Embodiment 1 or 2, as Figure 6 shown, including:

[0099] S1: Determine the water depths and corresponding ambient pressures and temperatures of several target water sampling layers. According to the water depth order of the target water sampling layers, pre-charge nitrogen gas into the gas phase cavities of several sampling buckets through the gas phase cut-off valve to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, adjust the corresponding back pressure valve to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and keep the gas phase cut-off valve in the open state;

[0100] S2: Set the target temperatures of all the thermoelectric coolers in the corresponding sampling buckets according to the temperature of the target water sampling layer.

[0101] S3: When the collection device enters the water, control the thermoelectric coolers and the circulating liquid injection pump to start through the control unit, and lower the collection device to the target water sampling layer with the deepest water depth.

[0102] S4: Control the rotary actuator to drive the cam to rotate to the control end of the corresponding sampling valve, and open the sampling valve by mechanical extrusion.

[0103] S5: Correspondingly set the parameters of the flow controller, control the sampling liquid injection pump and the automatic cut-off valve to open, and seawater is injected into the opened sampling valve through the first multi-channel distribution valve, and then enters the liquid phase cavity of the corresponding sampling bucket; the temperature sensor, the liquid phase pressure sensor and the gas phase pressure sensor collect the current temperature, the current liquid phase pressure and the current gas phase pressure of the sampling bucket in real time.

[0104] S6: The flow controller measures the injected seawater volume in real time. When the seawater volume reaches the preset target value, control the automatic cut-off valve, the sampling liquid injection pump and the flow controller to close in sequence, and control the rotary actuator to drive the cam to rotate away from the control end of the current sampling valve.

[0105] S7: Determine whether the water sample collection of all the target water sampling layers is completed; if not, lift the collection device to the next target water sampling layer, and repeat steps S4 - S6; otherwise, end the water sample collection.

[0106] After lowering the collection device to the target water sampling layer with the deepest water depth, it further includes:

[0107] Seawater flows in through the first water inlet of the circulating liquid injection pump, flows out through the second water outlet, forms several paths of seawater through the second multi-channel distribution valve, and enters the refrigeration and heat exchange modules of different sampling buckets from the seawater circulation water inlet through the seawater inlet pipe.

[0108] After the seawater exchanges heat through all the refrigeration and heat exchange modules of the sampling bucket, it flows into the third multi-channel distribution valve through the seawater circulation water outlet and the seawater outlet pipe to converge; the converged seawater flows into the circulating liquid injection pump through the second water inlet and flows out through the first water outlet.

[0109] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components.

[0110] The terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent.

[0111] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure collection method, applied to a multi-sequence seawater heat preservation and pressure collection device, characterized in that: The device comprises an outer frame (1), a rotating unit (2), a multi-sequence sampling unit, a flow rate control unit (4), a control unit (5) and a seawater circulation heat exchange unit (6); The multi-sequence sampling unit is arranged in an outer frame (1), and comprises a plurality of sampling modules (3); each of the sampling modules (3) comprises a sampling valve (31), a sampling bucket (32), a gas phase shut-off valve (33) and a back pressure valve (34) which are connected in sequence; each of the sampling modules (3) further comprises a temperature sensor (38), a liquid phase pressure sensor (39) and a gas phase pressure sensor (310); The plurality of sampling valves (31) are distributed along the circumference on the top of the outer frame (1), and the control ends of all the sampling valves (31) face the rotating unit (2); The sampling barrel (32) comprises an upper end cover (321), an outer barrel wall (322), an inner barrel wall (323), a piston (324), a plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325), a seawater circulation inlet (327), a seawater circulation outlet (328), and a lower end cover (329); the upper end cover (321) is arranged at one end of the outer barrel wall (322), and the lower end cover (329) is arranged at the other end of the outer barrel wall (322); the inner barrel wall (323) is arranged concentrically with the outer barrel wall (322), and a vacuum insulation layer is formed between the outer barrel wall (322) and the inner barrel wall (323); the piston (324) is arranged in the inner barrel wall (323), The cavity between the inner barrel wall (323) and the upper end cover (321) and the lower end cover (329) is divided into a liquid phase cavity and a gas phase cavity; the outer barrel wall (322) is provided with a through seawater circulation inlet (327) and a seawater circulation outlet (328); the plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325) are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall (323); the control ends of the plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325) are connected to the output end of the control unit (5); each of the refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325) comprises a semiconductor refrigeration plate (3251); the control end of the semiconductor refrigeration plate (3251) is connected to the output end of the control unit (5); The rotating unit (2) is arranged at the top center of the outer frame (1), and the end of the rotating unit (2) abuts against the control end of the sampling valve (31); the rotating unit (2) comprises a rotating actuator (21) and a cam (22); the rotating actuator (21) is arranged at the top center of the outer frame (1), the cam (22) is arranged on the rotating actuator (21), and the end of the cam (22) abuts against the control end of the sampling valve (31); The flow rate control unit (4) is arranged in the outer frame (1), and comprises a sampling injection pump (41), an automatic stop valve (42), a flow controller (43) and a first multi-channel distribution valve (44) which are connected in sequence; each water outlet of the first multi-channel distribution valve (44) is correspondingly connected to the water inlet of a sampling valve (31) of a sampling module (3); The seawater circulation heat exchange unit (6) comprises a circulation injection pump (61); a first water inlet and a first water outlet of the circulation injection pump (61) are both suspended in the air; a second water outlet of the circulation injection pump (61) is correspondingly connected to a seawater circulation water inlet (327) of a sampling barrel (32); and a second water inlet of the circulation injection pump (61) is correspondingly connected to a seawater circulation water outlet (328) of a sampling barrel (32); The control unit (5) is arranged in the outer frame (1), and the output end of the control unit (5) is respectively connected to the control ends of the rotating unit (2), the sampling barrel (32), the sampling injection pump (41) and the flow controller (43); The method comprises: S1: Determine the water depths of several target water-collecting layers and the corresponding ambient pressures and temperatures. According to the water depth sequence of the target water-collecting layers, pre-fill nitrogen into the gas phase cavities of several sampling barrels (32) through the gas phase stop valves (33) to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, adjust the corresponding back pressure valves (34) to a pressure value equal to the ambient pressure, and keep the gas phase stop valves (33) in an open state; S2: according to the temperature of the target water sampling layer, setting the target temperature of all semiconductor cooling plates (3251) in the corresponding sampling barrel (32); S3: When the collection device enters the water, the control unit (5) controls the semiconductor cooling plate (3251) and the circulating injection pump (61) to start, and lowers the collection device to the target water collection layer with the deepest water depth; S4: Control the rotary actuator (21) to drive the cam (22) to rotate to the control end of the corresponding sampling valve (31), and open the sampling valve (31) by mechanical squeezing; S5: the parameters of the flow controller (43) are set accordingly, the sampling liquid injection pump (41) and the automatic stop valve (42) are controlled to open, and the seawater is injected into the opened sampling valve (31) through the first multi-channel distribution valve (44), and then enters the liquid phase cavity of the corresponding sampling barrel (32); the temperature sensor (38), the liquid phase pressure sensor (39) and the gas phase pressure sensor (310) collect the current temperature, current liquid phase pressure and current gas phase pressure of the sampling barrel (32) in real time; S6: The flow controller (43) measures the amount of seawater injected in real time. When the amount of seawater reaches a preset target value, the automatic stop valve (42), the sampling injection pump (41) and the flow controller (43) are controlled to be closed in sequence, and the rotary actuator (21) is controlled to drive the cam (22) to rotate to an empty position between the two sampling valves (31); S7: Determine whether the water sampling of all target water sampling layers is completed; if not, lift the sampling device to the next target water sampling layer and repeat steps S4-S6; otherwise, end the water sampling.

2. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the sampling barrels (32) further includes a circulation pipeline (326); A seawater circulation water inlet (327), a plurality of refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325), and a seawater circulation water outlet (328) are connected in series via a circulation pipeline (326); The water outlet end of the sampling valve (31) is connected to the upper end cover (321) of the sampling barrel (32), and the lower end cover (329) of the sampling barrel (32) is connected to the gas phase stop valve (33).

3. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325) further comprises a semiconductor heat exchange plate (3252) and a semiconductor heat exchange water tank (3253); The cooling end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (3251) is arranged on the outer wall surface of the inner barrel wall (323), the heat release end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (3251) is connected to one end of the semiconductor heat exchange sheet (3252), and the other end of the semiconductor heat exchange sheet (3252) is connected to the semiconductor heat exchange water tank (3253); The semiconductor heat exchange water tank (3253) is provided with a first port and a second port; A series passage is formed by arranging a circulation pipeline (326) between a first port of a semiconductor heat exchanger tank (3253) of a refrigeration heat exchange module (325) and a second port of a semiconductor heat exchanger tank (3253) of another refrigeration heat exchange module (325); the first port of the semiconductor heat exchanger tank (3253) of the refrigeration heat exchange module (325) at one end of the series passage is connected to a seawater circulation inlet (327) through the circulation pipeline (326); and the second port of the semiconductor heat exchanger tank (3253) of the refrigeration heat exchange module (325) at the other end of the series passage is connected to a seawater circulation outlet (328) through the circulation pipeline (326).

4. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seawater circulation heat exchange unit (6) further comprises a second multi-channel distribution valve (62), a third multi-channel distribution valve (63), a plurality of seawater inlet pipes (64), and a plurality of seawater outlet pipes (65); The second water outlet of the circulating injection pump (61) is connected to the water inlet end of the second multi-channel distribution valve (62), each water outlet end of the second multi-channel distribution valve (62) is connected to one end of a seawater inlet pipe (64), and the other end of each seawater inlet pipe (64) is connected to a corresponding seawater circulating water inlet (327) of a sampling barrel (32); The second water inlet of the circulating injection pump (61) is connected to the water outlet of the third multi-channel distribution valve (63), each water inlet of the third multi-channel distribution valve (63) is connected to one end of a seawater outlet pipe (65), and the other end of each seawater outlet pipe (65) is connected to a corresponding seawater circulating outlet (328) of a sampling barrel (32).

5. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the sampling modules (3) further comprises a liquid phase shut-off valve (35); The water outlet end of the sampling valve (31) is connected to one end of the liquid phase stop valve (35), and the other end of the liquid phase stop valve (35) is connected to the sampling barrel (32).

6. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the sampling modules (3) further comprises a first one-way valve (36) and a second one-way valve (37); The water outlet end of the sampling valve (31) is connected to one end of a first one-way valve (36), and the other end of the first one-way valve (36) is connected to one end of a liquid phase stop valve (35); The other end of the back pressure valve (34) is connected to one end of the second one-way valve (37), and the other end of the second one-way valve (37) is suspended in the air.

7. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (38) and the liquid phase pressure sensor (39) are both arranged at the upper end cover (321), and the gas phase pressure sensor (310) is arranged at the lower end cover (329); The data output ends of the temperature sensor (38), the liquid phase pressure sensor (39) and the gas phase pressure sensor (310) are all connected to the data input end of the control unit (5).

8. The multi-sequence seawater temperature and pressure collection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After lowering the collection device to the target water-collecting layer with the deepest water depth, the method further comprises: Seawater flows in through the first water inlet of the circulating injection pump (61) and flows out through the second water outlet; The outflowing seawater passes through the second multi-channel distribution valve (62) to form a plurality of passages of seawater, and enters the refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325) of different sampling barrels (32) from the seawater circulation inlet (327) through the seawater inlet pipe (64); After the seawater has been heat exchanged in all the refrigeration and heat exchange modules (325) of the sampling barrel (32), it flows from the seawater circulation outlet (328) through the seawater outlet pipe (65) into the third multi-channel distribution valve (63) for collection; The collected seawater flows into the circulating injection pump (61) through the second water inlet and flows out through the first water outlet.

Images