Porous material shaped composite phase-change particles, preparation method and use thereof, and preparation system thereof, phase-change gypsum board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to porous material-shaped composite phase-change particles, their preparation method, use, and preparation system, phase-change gypsum board, and their preparation method. The porous material-shaped composite phase-change particles include: composite phase-change particles, which include a porous material and an organic phase-change material adsorbed in the pores of the porous material; a filler layer, which is a powder filler, which is optionally one or both of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the filler layer is fully filled into the pores on the surface of the porous material and forms a coating layer on the surface of the porous material; a coating layer, which includes a polymer film-forming agent, and the coating layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the filler layer; and a powder coating layer, which is a dry powder for dispersion, which is optionally one or both of a redispersible latex powder and a gypsum powder, and the powder coating layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the coating layer. The composite phase-change particles of the present application can reduce the collision damage rate in subsequent processing and application steps due to their high surface flatness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of composite phase-change energy storage materials and building materials, and in particular to porous material shaped composite phase-change particles, their preparation method, use and preparation system, phase-change gypsum board and their preparation method. Background Art

[0002] With socioeconomic development, energy supply conflicts are becoming increasingly prominent. Research shows that building energy consumption accounts for 20%-40% of primary energy consumption. Developing green energy-storage building materials and reducing building energy consumption are effective ways to address global energy supply conflicts in the future. Phase change energy storage materials are a highly efficient energy storage material that can enhance the functionality of building materials, reduce building energy consumption, and adjust the comfort level of indoor environments. They can also store usable thermal energy in the form of phase change latent heat, thereby achieving the storage and conversion of usable energy. Therefore, they hold great promise for development in building energy conservation.

[0003] Phase change materials currently used in the construction industry generally undergo a phase change cycle, where they transform from solid to liquid upon heating, and from liquid to solid upon cooling. Phase change materials rely on their inherent properties to store energy. Once a phase change material leaks during application, its performance degrades, polluting the surrounding environment and impacting human habitation. To ensure the full performance of phase change materials and prevent leakage during application, phase change materials are typically combined with a carrier to form phase change energy storage particles before being incorporated into building materials to form phase change energy storage building materials.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for preparing composite phase change material particles on the market include microencapsulation and porous material adsorption. Microencapsulation methods include in-situ polymerization, complex coacervation, and interfacial polymerization. These methods use a phase change material as the core and an organic polymer or inorganic material as the shell to form the capsule structure. These methods are costly and complex to produce. Furthermore, the capsule walls are mostly organic, with a hydrophobic surface that resists bonding with inorganic building materials, leading to difficulties in mixing during production and low product strength. The porous material adsorption method primarily utilizes the porous material's inherent pore structure as a carrier for the phase change material, combining it with a solid-liquid phase change material and encapsulating the phase change material within the pores. While this method is simple and low-cost, residual phase change material on the mineral surface during preparation can easily cause the mineral particles to clump together. Furthermore, during application, the phase change material can easily leak from the pores when heated to a liquid state, resulting in reduced thermal storage performance and environmental pollution.

[0005] Patent CN103666380 A discloses a method for preparing porous composite phase-change energy storage particles. The method uses a porous mineral medium as a carrier to mix and adsorb liquid phase-change materials, which are then poured into a fluidized bed. Cold air at a certain flow rate in the fluidized bed is then used for forced convection cooling of the uncooled phase-change particles, and the impact between the airflow and the material is used to disperse the particles. The particles prepared by this method are not easy to agglomerate, but the only obstacle to the phase-change material in the porous material is the intermolecular force. Whether from principle analysis or actual verification, the composite phase-change particle energy storage particles prepared are subject to leakage from the porous material during application due to the phase-change material transitioning from solid to liquid. This not only has a negative impact on the application environment, but also its own phase-change performance is constantly declining, and its application value is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the present application provides porous material shaped composite phase change particles, their preparation method, use and preparation system, phase change gypsum board and its preparation method. The composite phase change particles of the present application improve the density and mechanical properties of the composite phase change particles by filling the pores and surface layers of the porous material. At the same time, it also prevents the phase change material in the composite phase change particles from absorbing heat and converting from solid to liquid, and flowing freely in the porous system, thereby causing the loss of phase change material and the emptiness of the porous particle pores. The filler layer will not only improve the surface smoothness of the composite phase change particles, but also reduce the probability of porous particles colliding with each other during the coating process, causing damage to the pores and particle adhesion, which is beneficial to protecting the porous particle pore structure and the subsequent surface coating steps; and compared with the composite phase change particles without a filler layer, due to the improvement in the surface smoothness of the composite phase change particles, the surface area of ​​a single particle is reduced, which greatly reduces the amount of polymer film-forming agent used in the surface coating step, and can reduce costs. When the filler layer of the composite phase-change particles of this application includes a highly thermally conductive filler, the thermal conductivity of the phase-change particles can be increased, thereby improving the reaction rate of the phase-change material to ambient temperature. Furthermore, the overall thermal conductivity of the composite phase-change particle carrier can be controlled by adjusting the mixing ratio of expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, or activated carbon with expanded graphite.

[0007] In one aspect, the present application provides a porous material shaped composite phase change particle, comprising:

[0008] Composite phase-change particles, comprising a porous material and an organic phase-change material adsorbed within the pores of the porous material, wherein the porous material is selected from one or more of expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite, or activated carbon, and has a particle size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm;

[0009] A filler layer, wherein the filler layer is a powder filler, and the powder filler is optionally one or both of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the filler layer is fully filled into the pores on the surface of the porous material and forms a dense wrapping layer on the surface of the porous material;

[0010] a coating layer, the coating layer comprising an aqueous solution of a polymer film-forming agent, and the coating layer is uniformly wrapped on the surface of the filler layer; and

[0011] The powder coating layer is a dry powder for dispersion, and the dry powder for dispersion is optionally one or both of redispersible latex powder and plaster of Paris powder, and the powder coating layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the coating layer.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the porous material is 0.5 mm to 3 mm;

[0013] Optionally, the pore size of the porous material is 0.1 μm-500 μm.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the phase change temperature of the organic phase change material is 0-90°C, preferably 10-60°C, more preferably 15-45°C; the phase change enthalpy of the organic phase change material is 50-600 J / g, preferably 100-500 J / g, more preferably 120-400 J / g;

[0015] Optionally, the organic phase change material is selected from one or more of paraffin, fatty acid, linear alkane, and polyol;

[0016] Optionally, the fatty acid is selected from capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, the straight-chain alkane is selected from n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, n-eicosane or n-tetracosane, and the polyol is selected from polyethylene glycol.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, the powder filler is a mixture of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the weight ratio of the high thermal conductivity material to the adsorption filler is 1:100-100:1;

[0018] Optionally, the high thermal conductivity material is selected from one or more of graphite, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide; the adsorption filler is selected from one or more of diatomaceous earth powder, bentonite powder, and kaolin powder;

[0019] Optionally, the particle size of the high thermal conductivity material is 100-5000 mesh, preferably 200-3000 mesh, more preferably 300-2000 mesh; the particle size of the adsorption filler is 100-5000 mesh, preferably 200-3000 mesh, more preferably 300-2000 mesh.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, the polymer film-forming agent is selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate or hydroxyethyl cellulose;

[0021] Optionally, the concentration of the polymer film-forming agent is 1 wt%-50 wt%, preferably 3 wt%-40 wt%, more preferably 5 wt%-30 wt%;

[0022] Optionally, the coating layer is applied using a fluidized bed;

[0023] Optionally, the fluidized bed is a top-spray fluidized bed, a side-spray fluidized bed or a bottom-spray fluidized bed;

[0024] Optionally, the weight of the coating layer is 5 wt%±1 wt% of the weight of the composite phase-change particles wrapping the filler layer.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the dry powder for dispersion is 50-1000 mesh, preferably 80-500 mesh, more preferably 100-300 mesh;

[0026] Optionally, the dry powder for dispersion is a mixture of redispersible latex powder and gypsum powder, and the weight ratio of the redispersible latex powder to the gypsum powder is 1:1000-1000:1.

[0027] Optionally, the weight of the powder coating layer is 5 wt%±1 wt% of the weight of the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles.

[0028] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase change particles, comprising the following steps:

[0029] (a1) immersing the porous material in an organic phase change material heated to a liquid state, and allowing the material to stand at normal pressure or negative pressure for 0.1 to 3 hours to obtain composite phase change particles after solid-liquid separation;

[0030] (a2) uniformly mixing the composite phase change particles prepared in step (a1) with a powdered filler until no obvious wetting occurs on the surface of the composite phase change particles, and removing excess loose powder on the surface by shaking to obtain composite phase change particles including a filler layer;

[0031] (a3) coating the composite phase-change particles including the filler layer prepared in step (a2) with a polymer film-forming agent in a fluidized bed until drying and forming a film, thereby obtaining porous material-shaped composite phase-change particles; and

[0032] (a4) The porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared in step (a3) ​​are fully mixed with the redispersible latex powder in a drum coating machine until the redispersible latex powder is evenly coated on the surface of the coating layer to obtain porous material shaped composite phase change particles with a powder coating layer on the surface.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present application, the air temperature in the fluidized bed in step (a3) ​​is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, and the air flow rate is such that the composite phase change particles circulate up and down in the fluidized bed;

[0034] Optionally, the temperature of the air in the fluidized bed in step (a3) ​​is 2-30°C lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material.

[0035] On the other hand, the present application provides the use of the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase change particles and the porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared according to the above-mentioned method in building materials, preferably in gypsum board, calcium silicate board, waterproof membrane, mineral wool board, putty, mortar or paint.

[0036] On the other hand, the present application provides a phase-change gypsum board, which is prepared from the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase-change particles and the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles prepared according to the above-mentioned method.

[0037] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned phase change gypsum board, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (b1) uniformly mixing the gypsum with the porous material shaped composite phase change particles and the porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared according to the above method to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0039] (b2) uniformly mixing the mixed slurry in step (b1) with glass fiber, modified corn starch and water, pouring the mixture on a face paper, and then forming and drying the mixture to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

[0040] On the other hand, the present application provides a system for preparing the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase change particles, comprising:

[0041] (1) A particle adsorption device comprising:

[0042] (i) a metal container, a heating device, and a lid A, wherein the metal container is used to hold an organic phase change material, the heating device heats the organic phase change material in the metal container, and the lid A is connected to the metal container by a fastening device;

[0043] (ii) a sieve bucket and a lid B, wherein the sieve mesh on the sieve bucket has a smaller pore size than the porous material and is used to contain the porous material; the sieve bucket and the lid B are entirely immersed in the metal container, and the lid B is configured to completely immerse the porous material in the sieve bucket in the solution in the metal container;

[0044] (2) a surface filling device, which includes a mixer and a shaker;

[0045] (3) a surface coating device comprising a fluidized bed;

[0046] (4) A material conveying device, used to lift the sieve bucket from the metal container and convey the composite phase change particles to the mixer of the surface filler device, and to convey the material in the oscillator of the surface filler device to the fluidized bed.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, the fastening device is a buckle;

[0048] Optionally, the cover B is made of metal or plastic;

[0049] Optionally, the particle adsorption device further comprises: a vacuum pump, and the cover A is provided with a hole connected to the vacuum pump;

[0050] Optionally, the fluidized bed is a top-spray fluidized bed, a side-spray fluidized bed or a bottom-spray fluidized bed, preferably a bottom-spray fluidized bed.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of this application are particularly:

[0052] (1) After the composite phase change particles are wrapped with powder fillers to form a filler layer, there are the following benefits:

[0053] a. Filling the pores and surface layers of porous materials improves the density and mechanical properties of composite phase change particles. This also prevents the phase change material in the composite phase change particles from absorbing heat and transforming from solid to liquid, causing it to flow freely in the porous system, thereby causing the phase change material to be lost and the porous particles to become empty.

[0054] b. The filler layer not only improves the surface smoothness of the composite phase-change particles, but also reduces the probability of porous particles colliding with each other during the coating process, causing damage to the pores and particle adhesion, which is beneficial to protecting the pore structure of the porous particles and carrying out subsequent surface coating steps; and compared with composite phase-change particles without a filler layer, due to the improved surface smoothness of the composite phase-change particles, the surface area of ​​a single particle is reduced, which greatly reduces the amount of polymer film-forming agent used in the surface coating step, thereby reducing costs.

[0055] (2) Since powdered fillers can adsorb phase change materials, the presence of the filler layer can not only protect the inner wall of the fluidized bed from being contaminated by the phase change material during the surface coating step, ensuring the continuity of the processing, but also reduce the loss rate of the composite phase change particles that have exuded phase change materials during the preparation process, and at the same time increase the phase change loading rate of the composite phase change particles, thereby avoiding the loss of high-value phase change materials.

[0056] (3) The composite phase change particles of the present application have a high surface flatness, which can reduce the collision damage rate in subsequent processing and application procedures.

[0057] (4) When the filler layer of the composite phase change particles of the present application includes a high thermal conductivity filler, the thermal conductivity of the phase change particles can be increased, thereby improving the reaction rate of the phase change material to the ambient temperature. At the same time, the comprehensive thermal conductivity of the composite phase change particle carrier is regulated by adjusting the mixing ratio of expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, or activated carbon and expanded graphite.

[0058] (5) When the composite phase change particles of the present application include a powder coating layer, it can not only prevent the coated composite phase change particles from sticking to each other and forming clumps, which is beneficial to the preservation of the composite phase change particles of the present application; it can also further improve the elastic modulus of the surface of the composite phase change particles during production, and prevent the composite phase change particles from being damaged by mechanical stirring; it can also improve the adhesion and cohesion of the product in the subsequent preparation of the building slurry including the composite phase change particles of the present application, and improve the strength degradation problem caused by the addition of porous carriers.

[0059] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the solutions described in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a microscopic SEM electron microscope image of the product of Comparative Example 1;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a microscopic SEM electron microscope image of the product of Example 1;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a microscopic SEM electron microscope image of the product in Example 2;

[0064] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the composite phase change particles of this application;

[0065] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of traditional impregnation-type composite phase change particles.

[0066] Illustration:

[0067] 1-composite phase change particles, 2-filling layer, 3-coating layer, 4-powder coating layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other in any way.

[0069] The present application provides a porous material shaped composite phase change particle, comprising:

[0070] Composite phase change particles, comprising a porous material and an organic phase change material adsorbed in the pores of the porous material, wherein the porous material is an inorganic porous material or activated carbon, and has a particle size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm;

[0071] A filler layer, wherein the filler layer is a powder filler, and the powder filler is optionally one or both of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the filler layer is uniformly wrapped on the surface of the porous material;

[0072] a coating layer, the coating layer comprising an aqueous solution of a polymer film-forming agent, and the coating layer is uniformly wrapped on the surface of the filler layer; and

[0073] The powder coating layer is a dry powder for dispersion, and the dry powder for dispersion is optionally one or both of redispersible latex powder and plaster of Paris powder, and the powder coating layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the coating layer.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the porous material is 0.5 mm to 3 mm;

[0075] Optionally, the pore size of the porous material is 0.1 μm-500 μm.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, the inorganic porous material is selected from one or more of expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite or activated carbon.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present application, the phase change temperature of the organic phase change material is 0-90° C., preferably 10-60° C., more preferably 15-45° C.; the phase change enthalpy of the organic phase change material is 50-600 J / g, preferably 100-500 J / g, more preferably 120-400 J / g;

[0078] Optionally, the organic phase change material is selected from one or more of paraffin, fatty acid, linear alkane, and polyol;

[0079] Optionally, the fatty acid is selected from capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, the straight-chain alkane is selected from n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, n-eicosane or n-tetracosane, and the polyol is selected from polyethylene glycol.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present application, the powder filler is a mixture of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the weight ratio of the high thermal conductivity material to the adsorption filler is 1:100-100:1;

[0081] Optionally, the high thermal conductivity material is selected from one or more of graphite, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide; the adsorption filler is selected from one or more of diatomaceous earth powder, bentonite powder, and kaolin powder;

[0082] Optionally, the particle size of the high thermal conductivity material is 100-5000 mesh, preferably 200-3000 mesh, more preferably 300-2000 mesh; the particle size of the adsorption filler is 100-5000 mesh, preferably 200-3000 mesh, more preferably 300-2000 mesh.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present application, the polymer film-forming agent is selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate or hydroxyethyl cellulose;

[0084] Optionally, the concentration of the polymer film-forming agent is 1 wt%-50 wt%, preferably 3 wt%-40 wt%, more preferably 5 wt%-30 wt%;

[0085] Optionally, the coating layer is applied using a fluidized bed;

[0086] Optionally, the fluidized bed is a top-spray fluidized bed, a side-spray fluidized bed or a bottom-spray fluidized bed;

[0087] Optionally, the weight of the coating layer is 5 wt%±1 wt% of the weight of the composite phase-change particles wrapping the filler layer.

[0088] In the embodiments of the present application,

[0089] The particle size of the dry powder for dispersion is 50-1000 mesh, preferably 80-500 mesh, more preferably 100-300 mesh;

[0090] Optionally, the dry powder for dispersion is a mixture of redispersible latex powder and gypsum powder, and the weight ratio of the redispersible latex powder to the gypsum powder is 1:1000-1000:1.

[0091] Optionally, the weight of the powder coating layer is 5 wt%±1 wt% of the weight of the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles.

[0092] The present application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase change particles, comprising the following steps:

[0093] (a1) immersing the porous material in an organic phase change material heated to a liquid state, and allowing the material to stand at normal pressure or negative pressure for 0.1 to 3 hours to obtain composite phase change particles after solid-liquid separation;

[0094] (a2) uniformly mixing the composite phase change particles prepared in step (a1) with a powdered filler until no obvious wetting occurs on the surface of the composite phase change particles, and removing excess loose powder on the surface by shaking to obtain composite phase change particles including a filler layer;

[0095] (a3) coating the composite phase-change particles including the filler layer prepared in step (a2) with a polymer film-forming agent in a fluidized bed until drying and forming a film, thereby obtaining porous material-shaped composite phase-change particles; and

[0096] (a4) The porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared in step (a3) ​​are fully mixed with the redispersible latex powder in a drum coating machine until the redispersible latex powder is evenly coated on the surface of the coating layer to obtain porous material shaped composite phase change particles with a powder coating layer on the surface.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the air temperature in the fluidized bed in step (a3) ​​is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, and the air flow rate is such that the composite phase change particles circulate up and down in the fluidized bed;

[0098] Optionally, the temperature of the air in the fluidized bed in step (a3) ​​is 2-30°C lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material.

[0099] The embodiments of the present application also provide the use of the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase change particles and the porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared according to the above-mentioned method in building materials, preferably in gypsum board, calcium silicate board, waterproof membrane, mineral wool board, putty, mortar or coating.

[0100] The embodiment of the present application further provides a phase-change gypsum board, which is prepared from the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase-change particles and the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles prepared according to the above-mentioned method.

[0101] The present application also provides a method for preparing the phase change gypsum board, comprising the following steps:

[0102] (b1) uniformly mixing the gypsum with the porous material shaped composite phase change particles and the porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared according to the above method to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0103] (b2) uniformly mixing the mixed slurry in step (b1) with glass fiber, modified corn starch and water, pouring the mixture on a face paper, and then forming and drying the mixture to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

[0104] The present application also provides a system for preparing the above-mentioned porous material shaped composite phase-change particles, comprising:

[0105] (1) A particle adsorption device comprising:

[0106] (i) a metal container, a heating device, and a lid A, wherein the metal container is used to hold an organic phase change material, the heating device heats the organic phase change material in the metal container, and the lid A is connected to the metal container by a fastening device;

[0107] (ii) a sieve bucket and a lid B, wherein the sieve mesh on the sieve bucket has a smaller pore size than the porous material and is used to contain the porous material; the sieve bucket and the lid B are entirely immersed in the metal container, and the lid B is configured to completely immerse the porous material in the sieve bucket in the solution in the metal container;

[0108] (2) a surface filling device, which includes a mixer and a shaker;

[0109] (3) a surface coating device comprising a fluidized bed;

[0110] (4) A material conveying device, used to lift the sieve bucket from the metal container and convey the composite phase change particles to the mixer of the surface filler device, and to convey the material in the oscillator of the surface filler device to the fluidized bed.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present application, the fastening device is a buckle;

[0112] Optionally, the cover B is made of metal or plastic;

[0113] Optionally, the particle adsorption device further comprises: a vacuum pump, and the cover A is provided with a hole connected to the vacuum pump;

[0114] Optionally, the fluidized bed is a top-spray fluidized bed, a side-spray fluidized bed or a bottom-spray fluidized bed, preferably a bottom-spray fluidized bed.

[0115] Example

[0116] The raw materials in the examples and comparative examples of the present application were all purchased from commercial sources, wherein expanded vermiculite (specification: 1-2 mm) was purchased from Lingshou County Xuyang Mining Co., Ltd., expanded perlite (specification: 1-2 mm) was purchased from Shijiazhuang Aomai Mineral Products Co., Ltd., expanded graphite (specification: 2-3 mm) was purchased from Guangzhou Metal Metallurgy (Group) Co., Ltd., activated carbon (specification: 2-3 mm) was purchased from Henan Housen Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., diatomaceous earth powder (specification: 1000 mesh) was purchased from Hebei Beiyan New Materials Co., Ltd., bentonite powder (specification: 1000 mesh) was purchased from Hebei Beiyan New Materials Co., Ltd. Mesh) was purchased from Hebei Kaicong Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd., kaolin powder (specification: 1000 mesh) was purchased from Hebei Kaicong Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; paraffin wax (purity: 99.5%) was purchased from Shanghai Ruentropy New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., decanoic acid (purity: 99.0%) was purchased from Guangzhou Baina Import and Export Co., Ltd., n-hexadecane (purity: 99.5%) was purchased from Dinghui Holdings (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., polyethylene glycol (purity: 99.2%) was purchased from Jinan Yuansheng Chemical Co., Ltd., and lauric acid (purity: 99.0%) was purchased from Guangzhou Gongxin Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] Porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded vermiculite and paraffin wax. The paraffin wax phase transition temperature was 27°C, with a phase transition enthalpy of 210 J / g. The expanded vermiculite particle size was 1-2 mm. The powder filler was a mixture of graphite powder and diatomaceous earth powder in a weight ratio of 2:1. The polymer film-forming agent was polyurethane. The fluidized bed was a bottom-spray type. The specific steps were as follows:

[0119] (1) Paraffin is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the paraffin. Expanded vermiculite is then placed in a metal screen to be immersed in the paraffin in the barrel. A plastic cover is pressed on the metal screen to ensure that the expanded vermiculite is completely immersed in the paraffin. The system is left to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The expanded vermiculite and the paraffin are separated by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0120] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler. The mixture is then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer.

[0121] (3) The air temperature in the fluidized bed is set to 23°C, and the composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer obtained in step (2) are placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed is adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles move up and down in the fluidized bed. A polyurethane aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% is prepared, and the polyurethane aqueous solution is sprayed through a spray gun to evenly fall on the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion in the form of mist, and the coating mass gain is controlled to be 5% ± 1%. After film formation, the product of the present application is obtained. Figure 2This is a microscopic SEM electron microscope image of the product in Example 1.

[0122] The product's phase change enthalpy was 129.3 J / g, and after 1,000 high- and low-temperature melting-solidification cycles, its mass loss was 0.94%, and its thermal conductivity was 0.387 W / (mK).

[0123] In order to fully illustrate the advantages of the product of the present application, the product of the present application is applied to the preparation of phase change gypsum board, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0124] Step 1) thoroughly mixing 100 parts by weight of gypsum powder and 42 parts by weight of phase change composite coated particles to obtain a mixture;

[0125] Step 2) The mixture of step 1) is thoroughly mixed with 0.5 parts by weight of modified corn starch, 5 parts by weight of glass fiber and 86 parts of water, poured on a face paper to form a molding thickness of 12 mm, and then dried to constant weight in a paper-faced gypsum board dryer to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

[0126] After testing, the phase change enthalpy value of the obtained phase change gypsum board is 317.08KJ / m 2 , the transverse breaking load is 258.7N, and the longitudinal breaking load is 590.3N.

[0127] Example 2

[0128] Porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded perlite and paraffin wax. The paraffin wax had a phase-change temperature of 27°C and a phase-change enthalpy of 210 J / g. The expanded perlite had a particle size of 1-2 mm. The powder filler was a mixture of graphite powder and bentonite powder in a weight ratio of 1:2. The polymer film-forming agent was ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The fluidized bed was a bottom-spray type. The dispersion powder was a 120-mesh redispersible latex powder. The specific steps were as follows:

[0129] (1) Paraffin wax was placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the wax. Expanded perlite was then placed in a metal screen to immerse the expanded perlite in the wax. A plastic cover was placed on the metal screen to ensure that the expanded perlite was completely immersed in the wax. The mixture was allowed to stand at normal pressure for 1 hour. The expanded perlite and the paraffin wax were separated by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0130] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler. The mixture is then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer.

[0131] (3) The air temperature in the fluidized bed is set to 23°C, and the composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer obtained in step (2) are placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed is adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles move up and down in the fluidized bed. A 20% concentration of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer solution is prepared, and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer solution is sprayed evenly onto the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion in the form of a mist through a spray gun. The coating mass gain is controlled to be 5±1%. After film formation, composite phase-change particles wrapped with the coating layer are obtained.

[0132] (4) After the composite phase change particles coated with the coating layer obtained in step (3) are fully mixed with the redispersible latex powder, they are shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, and the weight gain of the coated powder is controlled to be 5%±1% to obtain the product of the present application.

[0133] The product's phase change enthalpy was 136.5 J / g, and after 1,000 high- and low-temperature melting-solidification cycles, its mass loss was 1.2%, and its thermal conductivity was 0.176 W / (mK).

[0134] In order to fully illustrate the advantages of the product of the present application, the product of the present application is applied to the preparation of phase change gypsum board, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0135] Step 1) thoroughly mixing 100 parts by weight of gypsum powder and 42 parts by weight of phase change composite coated particles to obtain a mixture;

[0136] Step 2) The mixture of step 1) is thoroughly mixed with 0.5 parts by weight of modified corn starch, 5 parts by weight of glass fiber and 86 parts of water, poured on a face paper to form a molding thickness of 12 mm, and then dried to constant weight in a paper-faced gypsum board dryer to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

[0137] After testing, the phase change enthalpy value of the obtained phase change gypsum board is 334.73KJ / m 2 , the transverse breaking load is 294.2N, and the longitudinal breaking load is 635.2N.

[0138] Example 3

[0139] Porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded graphite and paraffin wax. The paraffin wax phase transition temperature was 27°C, with a phase transition enthalpy of 210 J / g. The expanded graphite particle size was 2-3 mm. The powder filler was a mixture of graphite powder and kaolin powder in a weight ratio of 2:1. The polymer film-forming agent was polyacrylic acid. The fluidized bed was a bottom-spray type. The dispersion dry powder was 120-mesh redispersible latex powder. The specific steps were as follows:

[0140] (1) Paraffin wax is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the wax. Expanded graphite is then placed in a metal screen to immerse it in the wax in the barrel. A plastic cover is pressed onto the metal screen to ensure that the expanded graphite is completely immersed in the wax. The mixture is allowed to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The expanded graphite and the paraffin wax are separated by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0141] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler. The mixture is then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer.

[0142] (3) The air temperature in the fluidized bed is set to 23°C, and the composite phase-change particles coated with the filler layer obtained in step (2) are placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed is adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles move up and down in the fluidized bed. A polyacrylic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% is prepared, and the polyacrylic acid aqueous solution is sprayed through a spray gun to evenly fall on the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion. The coating mass gain is controlled to be 5±1%. After film formation, composite phase-change particles coated with the coating layer are obtained.

[0143] (4) After the composite phase change particles wrapped with the coating layer obtained in step (3) are fully mixed with the gypsum powder, they are shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, and the weight gain of the coating is controlled to be 5%±1% to obtain the product of the present application.

[0144] The product's phase change enthalpy was 169.91 J / g, and after 1,000 high- and low-temperature melting-solidification cycles, its mass loss was 1.35%, with a thermal conductivity of 8.586 W / (mK).

[0145] In order to fully illustrate the advantages of the product of the present application, the product of the present application is applied to the preparation of phase change gypsum board, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0146] Step 1) thoroughly mixing 100 parts by weight of gypsum powder and 42 parts by weight of phase change composite coated particles to obtain a mixture;

[0147] Step 2) The mixture of step 1) is thoroughly mixed with 0.5 parts by weight of modified corn starch, 5 parts by weight of glass fiber and 86 parts of water, poured on a face paper to form a molding thickness of 12 mm, and then dried to constant weight in a paper-faced gypsum board dryer to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

[0148] After testing, the phase change enthalpy value of the obtained phase change gypsum board is 437.49KJ / m 2 , the transverse breaking load is 274.2N, and the longitudinal breaking load is 604.14N.

[0149] Example 4

[0150] Porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using activated carbon and capric acid. The capric acid phase change temperature is 30°C, with a phase change enthalpy of 173.6 J / g. The activated carbon particle size is 2-3 mm. The powder filler is a mixture of graphite powder and diatomaceous earth powder in a weight ratio of 2:1. The polymer film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol. The fluidized bed is a bottom-spray type fluidized bed. The dispersion powder is a 120-mesh redispersible latex powder. The specific steps are as follows:

[0151] (1) Capric acid is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the capric acid. Activated carbon is then placed in a metal screen to immerse it in the capric acid in the barrel. A plastic cover is pressed on the metal screen to ensure that the activated carbon is completely immersed in the capric acid. The mixture is allowed to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The metal screen is lifted upward to separate the activated carbon from the capric acid, thereby obtaining composite phase change particles.

[0152] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler. The mixture is then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer.

[0153] (3) The air temperature in the fluidized bed is set to 25°C, and the composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer obtained in step (2) are placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed is adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles move up and down in the fluidized bed. A polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% is prepared, and the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is sprayed through a spray gun to evenly fall on the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion in the form of mist, and the coating mass gain is controlled to be 5±1%. After film formation, composite phase-change particles wrapped with the coating layer are obtained.

[0154] (4) After the composite phase change particles wrapped with the coating layer obtained in step (3) are fully mixed with the gypsum powder, they are shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, and the weight gain of the coating is controlled to be 5±1% to obtain the product of the present application.

[0155] The product's phase change enthalpy was 145.19 J / g, and after 1,000 high- and low-temperature melting-solidification cycles, its mass loss was 0.77%, and its thermal conductivity was 0.653 W / (mK).

[0156] Example 5

[0157] Porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded vermiculite and n-hexadecane. The n-hexadecane phase transition temperature is 18°C ​​and the enthalpy is 195 J / g. The expanded vermiculite particle size is 1-2 mm. The powder filler is a mixture of graphite powder and diatomaceous earth powder in a weight ratio of 1:4. The polymer film-forming agent is polyethylene glycol. The fluidized bed is a bottom-spray type fluidized bed. The dispersion powder is a 120-mesh redispersible latex powder. The specific steps are as follows:

[0158] (1) n-Hexadecane is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the n-hexadecane. Expanded vermiculite is then placed in a metal screen to be immersed in the n-hexadecane in the metal barrel. A plastic cover is pressed on the metal screen to ensure that the expanded vermiculite is completely immersed in the n-hexadecane. The mixture is allowed to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The expanded vermiculite and n-hexadecane are separated into solid and liquid by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0159] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler. The mixture is then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer.

[0160] (3) The air temperature in the fluidized bed is set to 15°C, and the composite phase-change particles coated with the filler layer obtained in step (2) are placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed is adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles move up and down in the fluidized bed. A polyethylene glycol aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% is prepared, and the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is sprayed through a spray gun to evenly fall on the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion. The coating mass gain is controlled to be 5% ± 1%. After film formation, composite phase-change particles coated with the coating layer are obtained.

[0161] (4) After the composite phase change particles coated with the coating layer obtained in step (3) are fully mixed with the redispersible latex powder, they are shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, and the weight gain of the coated powder is controlled to be 5%±1% to obtain the product of the present application.

[0162] The product's phase change enthalpy was 114.35 J / g, and after 1,000 high- and low-temperature melting-solidification cycles, its mass loss was 1.68%, with a thermal conductivity of 0.316 W / (mK).

[0163] Example 6

[0164] Porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded vermiculite and polyethylene glycol. The polyethylene glycol PEG1000 has a phase-change temperature of 45°C and an enthalpy of 140 J / g. The expanded vermiculite has a particle size of 1-2 mm. The powder filler is a mixture of graphite powder and diatomaceous earth powder in a weight ratio of 3:1. The polymer film-forming agent is polyacrylic acid. The fluidized bed is a bottom-spray type fluidized bed. The dispersion powder is a 120-mesh redispersible latex powder. The specific steps are as follows:

[0165] (1) Polyethylene glycol is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the polyethylene glycol. Expanded vermiculite is then placed in a metal screen to immerse it in the polyethylene glycol in the metal barrel. A plastic cover is pressed on the metal screen to ensure that the expanded vermiculite is completely immersed in the polyethylene glycol. The mixture is allowed to stand under negative pressure for half an hour. The expanded vermiculite and polyethylene glycol are separated into solid and liquid by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0166] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler. The mixture is then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer.

[0167] (3) The air temperature in the fluidized bed is set to 25°C, and the composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer obtained in step (2) are placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed is adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles move up and down in the fluidized bed. A polyacrylic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% is prepared, and the polyacrylic acid aqueous solution is sprayed through a spray gun to evenly fall on the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion. The coating mass gain is controlled to be 5±1%. After film formation, composite phase-change particles wrapped with the coating layer are obtained.

[0168] (4) After the composite phase change particles coated with the coating layer obtained in step (3) are fully mixed with the redispersible latex powder, they are shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, and the weight gain of the coated powder is controlled to be 5%±1% to obtain the product of the present application.

[0169] The product's phase change enthalpy was found to be 82.10 J / g. After 1,000 high- and low-temperature melting-solidification cycles, the product's mass loss was 1.12% and its thermal conductivity was 0.431 W / (mK).

[0170] Comparative Example 1

[0171] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composite phase-change particles prepared in (1) are dried to obtain the product of this comparative example, and the subsequent surface filling and surface coating processes are not performed. Figure 1 This is a microscopic SEM electron microscope image of the product of Comparative Example 1.

[0172] In this comparative example, expanded vermiculite and paraffin wax were used to prepare porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles. The paraffin wax phase-change temperature was 27°C, the phase-change enthalpy was 210 J / g, and the expanded vermiculite particle size was 1-2 mm. The specific steps were as follows:

[0173] Paraffin is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt. Expanded vermiculite is then placed through a metal screen to submerge it in the wax. A plastic cover is pressed onto the screen to ensure the expanded vermiculite is completely submerged. The system is then left to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The screen is then lifted upward to separate the expanded vermiculite from the wax. After drying at 45°C, the composite phase-change particles are obtained.

[0174] The product obtained in this comparative example has a phase change enthalpy of 136.1 J / g, a mass loss of 42.7% after 1000 high and low temperature melting-solidification cycle tests, and a thermal conductivity of 0.261 W / (mK).

[0175] Compared with Example 1, the phase change enthalpy value of the product obtained in this comparative example is higher due to the lack of surface filler and surface coating. However, surface oil seepage occurred during the test, resulting in a mass loss rate of 42.7%.

[0176] Comparative Example 2

[0177] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that after the composite phase change particles in (1) are prepared, the surface coating process is directly performed without the surface filling process.

[0178] In this comparative example, porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded vermiculite and paraffin wax. The paraffin wax phase-change temperature was 27°C, and the phase-change enthalpy was 210 J / g. The expanded vermiculite particle size was 1-2 mm. The polymer film-forming agent was polyurethane, and the fluidized bed was a bottom-spray type. The specific steps were as follows:

[0179] (1) Paraffin is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the paraffin. Expanded vermiculite is then placed in a metal screen to be immersed in the paraffin in the barrel. A plastic cover is pressed on the metal screen to ensure that the expanded vermiculite is completely immersed in the paraffin. The system is left to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The expanded vermiculite and the paraffin are separated by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0180] (2) The air temperature in the fluidized bed was set to 23°C. The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) were placed in the fluidized bed. The air flow rate in the fluidized bed was adjusted so that the composite phase-change particles moved up and down in the fluidized bed. A polyurethane aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% was prepared. The polyurethane aqueous solution was sprayed onto the surface of the composite phase-change particles in the up and down reciprocating motion in a uniform mist form through a spray gun. The coating mass gain was controlled to be 5±1%. After film formation, the product of this comparative example was obtained.

[0181] The product obtained in this comparative example has a phase change enthalpy of 132.7 J / g, a mass loss of 10.76% and a thermal conductivity of 0.233 W / (mK) after 1000 high and low temperature melting-solidification cycle tests.

[0182] Compared with Example 1, the amount of polyurethane aqueous solution used increased by approximately 66.1%. During the coating process, the low surface flatness of the particles resulted in uneven coating, which led to overlapping particles and unsatisfactory final coating results. The main reason was the lack of filler on the particle surface. The uneven particle surface prevented the polymer film-forming agent from evenly landing on the surface of the mineral particles. The protruding parts of the particle surface received more polymer film-forming agent than the concave parts of the particle surface. As a result, the polymer film-forming agent on the protruding parts of the adjacent particle surfaces could not dry and form films in time, resulting in adhesion and overlapping, forming clumps of particles, and the coating process could not be carried out effectively.

[0183] Comparative Example 3

[0184] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the product of this comparative example is obtained after the composite phase-change particles wrapped with the filler layer in (2) are prepared, and no subsequent surface coating process is performed.

[0185] In this comparative example, porous mineral-shaped composite phase-change particles were prepared using expanded vermiculite and paraffin wax. The paraffin wax phase transition temperature was 27°C, and the phase transition enthalpy was 210 J / g. The expanded vermiculite particle size was 1-2 mm. The powder filler was a mixture of graphite powder and diatomaceous earth powder in a weight ratio of 2:1. The specific steps were as follows:

[0186] (1) Paraffin is placed in a metal barrel equipped with an electric heater and heated to melt the paraffin. Expanded vermiculite is then placed in a metal screen to be immersed in the paraffin in the barrel. A plastic cover is pressed on the metal screen to ensure that the expanded vermiculite is completely immersed in the paraffin. The system is left to stand for half an hour under negative pressure. The expanded vermiculite and the paraffin are separated by lifting the metal screen upward to obtain composite phase change particles.

[0187] (2) The composite phase-change particles obtained in step (1) are thoroughly mixed with the powder filler, and then shaken back and forth to remove excess loose powder on the surface, thereby obtaining the product of this comparative example.

[0188] The product obtained in this comparative example has a phase change enthalpy of 123.14 J / g, a mass loss of 38.4% and a thermal conductivity of 0.392 W / (mK) after 1000 high and low temperature melting-solidification cycle tests.

[0189] The phase change composite particles prepared in this comparative example are mixed with building plaster powder to prepare a phase change gypsum board in the following steps:

[0190] Step 1) thoroughly mixing 100 parts by weight of gypsum powder and 42 parts by weight of phase change composite coated particles to obtain a mixture;

[0191] Step 2) The mixture of step 1) is thoroughly mixed with 0.5 parts by weight of modified corn starch, 5 parts by weight of glass fiber and 86 parts of water, poured on a face paper to form a molding thickness of 12 mm, and then dried to constant weight in a paper-faced gypsum board dryer to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

[0192] After testing, the phase change enthalpy value of the obtained phase change gypsum board is 224.38KJ / m 2 , the transverse breaking load is 167.22N, and the longitudinal breaking load is 351.75N.

[0193] Compared with Example 1, the phase-change gypsum board produced in this comparative example exhibited partial non-sticking of the facing paper and stains on the facing paper. This was primarily due to paraffin exudation, which hindered the starch migration process in the gypsum board core, preventing it from reaching the facing paper layer, thus affecting the bonding between the facing paper and the board core. Furthermore, a distinct paraffin odor could be detected in the dryer, and the surface of the gypsum board conveyor rollers was oily. This suggests that the paraffin in the phase-change composite particles melted into a liquid state during the gypsum board drying process, accelerating leakage onto the facing paper layer and equipment surfaces. This not only wasted material and failed to produce a qualified phase-change product, but also negatively impacted the gypsum board production line and required additional cleaning of the rollers.

[0194] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the composite phase change particles of this application; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of traditional impregnated composite phase change particles

[0195] Although the embodiments disclosed in this application are as described above, the contents described are merely embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application belongs may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this application. However, the scope of patent protection of this application shall still be based on the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A porous material shaped composite phase change particle, comprising: Composite phase-change particles, comprising a porous material and an organic phase-change material adsorbed in the pores of the porous material, wherein the porous material is an inorganic porous material and has a particle size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm; A filler layer, wherein the filler layer is a powder filler, wherein the powder filler is one or both of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the filler layer is evenly wrapped on the surface of the porous material; A coating layer, comprising an aqueous solution of a polymer film-forming agent, and uniformly wrapping the surface of the filler layer; as well as The powder coating layer is a dry powder for dispersion, wherein the dry powder for dispersion is one or both of redispersible latex powder and gypsum powder, and the powder coating layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the coating layer.

2. The porous material shaped composite phase change particles according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the porous material is 0.5 mm to 3 mm.

3. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 1, wherein: The pore size of the porous material is 0.1 μm-500 μm.

4. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 1, wherein: The inorganic porous material is selected from one or more of expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite or activated carbon.

5. The porous material shaped composite phase change particles according to claim 1, wherein: The phase change temperature of the organic phase change material is 0-90° C.; the phase change enthalpy of the organic phase change material is 50-600 J / g.

6. The porous material shaped composite phase change particles according to claim 5, wherein: The phase change temperature of the organic phase change material is 10-60° C.; the phase change enthalpy of the organic phase change material is 100-500 J / g.

7. The porous material shaped composite phase change particles according to claim 6, wherein: The phase change temperature of the organic phase change material is 15-45° C.; the phase change enthalpy of the organic phase change material is 120-400 J / g.

8. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 1, wherein: The organic phase change material is selected from one or more of paraffin, fatty acid, linear alkane, and polyol; The fatty acid is selected from capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid; the straight-chain alkane is selected from n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, n-eicosane, or n-tetracosane; and the polyol is selected from polyethylene glycol.

9. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 1, wherein: The powder filler is a mixture of a high thermal conductivity material and an adsorption filler, and the weight ratio of the high thermal conductivity material to the adsorption filler is 1:100-100:

1.

10. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 9, wherein: The high thermal conductivity material is selected from one or more of graphite, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide; the adsorption filler is selected from one or more of diatomaceous earth powder, bentonite powder, and kaolin powder.

11. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 9, wherein: The particle size of the high thermal conductivity material is 100-5000 mesh; the particle size of the adsorption filler is 100-5000 mesh.

12. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 11, wherein: The particle size of the high thermal conductivity material is 200-3000 mesh; the particle size of the adsorption filler is 200-3000 mesh.

13. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 12, wherein: The particle size of the high thermal conductivity material is 300-2000 mesh; the particle size of the adsorption filler is 300-2000 mesh.

14. The porous material shaped composite phase change particle according to claim 1, wherein: The polymer film-forming agent is selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate or hydroxyethyl cellulose; The concentration of the polymer film-forming agent is 1wt%-50wt%; The coating layer is coated using a fluidized bed; The fluidized bed is a top-spray fluidized bed, a side-spray fluidized bed or a bottom-spray fluidized bed; The weight of the coating layer is 5 wt%±1 wt% of the weight of the composite phase-change particles wrapping the filler layer.

15. The porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to claim 14, wherein: The concentration of the polymer film-forming agent is 3 wt%-40 wt%.

16. The porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to claim 15, wherein: The concentration of the polymer film-forming agent is 5 wt%-30 wt%.

17. The porous material shaped composite phase-change particle according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The particle size of the dry powder for dispersion is 50-1000 mesh; The dry powder for dispersion is a mixture of redispersible latex powder and gypsum powder, and the weight ratio of the redispersible latex powder to the gypsum powder is 1:1000-1000:1; The weight of the powder coating layer is 5 wt%±1 wt% of the weight of the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles.

18. The porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to claim 17, wherein: The particle size of the dry powder for dispersion is 80-500 meshes.

19. The porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to claim 18, wherein: The particle size of the dry powder for dispersion is 100-300 meshes.

20. A method for preparing the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to any one of claims 1 to 19, comprising the following steps: (a1) immersing the porous material in an organic phase change material heated to a liquid state, and allowing the material to stand at normal pressure or negative pressure for 0.1 to 3 hours to obtain composite phase change particles after solid-liquid separation; (a2) uniformly mixing the composite phase change particles prepared in step (a1) with a powdered filler until no obvious wetting occurs on the surface of the composite phase change particles, and removing excess loose powder on the surface by shaking to obtain composite phase change particles including a filler layer; (a3) coating the composite phase-change particles including the filler layer prepared in step (a2) with a polymer film-forming agent in a fluidized bed until drying and forming a film, thereby obtaining porous material-shaped composite phase-change particles; and (a4) The porous material shaped composite phase change particles prepared in step (a3) ​​are fully mixed with the redispersible latex powder in a drum coating machine until the redispersible latex powder is evenly coated on the surface of the coating layer to obtain porous material shaped composite phase change particles with a powder coating layer on the surface.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein The air temperature in the fluidized bed in step (a3) ​​is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, and the air flow rate is such that the composite phase change particles circulate up and down in the fluidized bed; The air temperature in the fluidized bed in step (a3) ​​is 2-30° C. lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material.

22. Use of the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles prepared according to the method according to any one of claims 20 to 21 in building materials.

23. The use according to claim 22, wherein The porous material shaped composite phase change particles are used in gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards, waterproof rolls, mineral wool boards, putties, mortars or coatings.

24. A phase-change gypsum board, comprising the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles prepared by the method according to any one of claims 20 to 21.

25. A method for preparing the phase change gypsum board according to claim 24, comprising the following steps: (b1) uniformly mixing gypsum with the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or the porous material shaped composite phase-change particles prepared by the method according to any one of claims 20 to 21 to obtain a mixed slurry; (b2) uniformly mixing the mixed slurry in step (b1) with glass fiber, modified corn starch and water, pouring the mixture on a face paper, and then forming and drying the mixture to obtain a phase change gypsum board.

26. A system for preparing porous material shaped composite phase-change particles according to any one of claims 1 to 19, comprising: (1) A particle adsorption device comprising: (i) a metal container, a heating device, and a lid A, wherein the metal container is used to hold an organic phase change material, the heating device heats the organic phase change material in the metal container, and the lid A is connected to the metal container by a fastening device; (ii) a sieve bucket and a lid B, wherein the sieve mesh on the sieve bucket has a smaller pore size than the porous material and is used to contain the porous material; the sieve bucket and the lid B are entirely immersed in the metal container, and the lid B is configured to completely immerse the porous material in the sieve bucket in the solution in the metal container; (2) a surface filling device, which includes a mixer and a shaker; (3) a surface coating device comprising a fluidized bed; (4) A material conveying device, used to lift the sieve bucket from the metal container and convey the composite phase change particles to the mixer of the surface filler device, and to convey the material in the oscillator of the surface filler device to the fluidized bed.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein: The fastening device is a buckle; The cover B is made of metal or plastic; The particle adsorption device further includes: a vacuum pump, and the cover A is provided with a hole connected to the vacuum pump; The fluidized bed is a top-spray fluidized bed, a side-spray fluidized bed or a bottom-spray fluidized bed.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein: The fluidized bed is a bottom spray type fluidized bed.

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