A fully automatic on-vehicle casing drilling rig

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted drilling rigs, and provides a fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig, which includes a transport vehicle, a derrick, a base, and a fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device. The fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device includes a back-up tong and a lifting ring. The derrick is rotatably arranged on the transport vehicle and fixedly arranged on the base after rotation. The fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device is arranged on the derrick in a lifting manner. The back-up tong is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device in a lifting manner. The lifting ring is rotatably arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device. The invention further includes a scale grating, which is arranged on the derrick; a reading head is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device and is used to cooperate with the grating to measure the height of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device; a displacement sensor is arranged on the back-up tong and is used to measure the lifting displacement of the back-up tong; an inclination sensor is arranged on the lifting ring and is used to measure the inclination angle of the lifting ring. Through the above technical solution, the problem that the existing vehicle-mounted drilling rig is inconvenient to align the position of the casing and cannot achieve rapid and accurate docking is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted drilling rigs, and more specifically, to a fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] A vehicle-mounted drilling rig can be understood as a movable drilling rig unit, which is a drilling rig equipment used for open-pit geological exploration and engineering drilling. It is suitable for remote exploration and large-scale engineering drilling, and has the advantages of high efficiency, flexibility, portability, etc. Vehicle-mounted drilling rigs are widely used in exploration fields such as geology, petroleum, and natural gas. At the same time, it also has important application value in geological scientific research and can be used for work such as rock mechanics tests, coal seam structure research, and sedimentary core research.

[0003] The development trend of vehicle-mounted drilling rigs is towards higher efficiency, intelligence, and portability, and improving the degree of automation is an essential part. The existing vehicle-mounted drilling rigs have a low degree of automation and cannot automatically measure and record some data. For example, they cannot automatically measure the height of the top drive and the height of the back-up tongs, and cannot quickly and accurately align the casing position.

[0004] In addition, during the drilling process of a general vehicle-mounted drilling rig, an instrument for measuring data such as geomagnetism, resistivity, and water content is set underground. This instrument mainly transmits data to ground equipment through pulse signals, and the speed is too slow.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing vehicle-mounted drilling rigs to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig, which solves the problem that the existing vehicle-mounted drilling rigs in the related art are inconvenient to align the casing position and cannot achieve quick and accurate docking.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig includes a transport vehicle, a derrick, a base, a fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device, a back-up tong, and a lifting ring. The fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device is arranged on the derrick in a lifting manner, the back-up tong is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device in a lifting manner, and the lifting ring is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device in a rotating manner. It further includes,

[0009] A scale grating, which is arranged on the derrick;

[0010] A reading head, which is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device and is used to cooperate with the scale grating to measure the height of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device;

[0011] A displacement sensor, which is arranged on the back-up tong and is used to measure the lifting displacement of the back-up tong;

[0012] An inclination sensor is provided on the sling for measuring the inclination angle of the sling.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the derrick is rotatably provided on the transport vehicle and fixedly provided on the base after rotation. Further included is

[0014] An optical fiber guide member is provided on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device for sealing the optical fiber during the process of pumping the optical fiber downhole.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the optical fiber guide member includes

[0016] A housing, which is hollow inside and is provided on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device;

[0017] A piston rod, which is hollow inside and is arranged to move up and down relative to the housing;

[0018] A retaining ring is provided below the piston rod to move up and down therewith. The retaining ring has a first limiting hole;

[0019] A seal is provided inside the housing and below the retaining ring. The seal has a first through hole communicating with the first limiting hole.

[0020] As a further technical solution, further included is

[0021] A jacking member, one end of which is provided on the transport vehicle;

[0022] A slider and a connecting seat. The slider is slidably arranged on the connecting seat, and the other end of the jacking member is provided on the slider;

[0023] A support. The connecting seat is arranged to move up and down on the support, and the support is used to support on the ground.

[0024] As a further technical solution, further included is

[0025] An upper locking seat. The derrick is divided into an upper derrick and a lower derrick. The upper locking seat is provided on the upper derrick and has a strip-shaped hole;

[0026] A lower locking seat is provided on the lower derrick and has a round hole. After the upper derrick and the lower derrick are unfolded, the strip-shaped hole and the round hole are aligned and communicated;

[0027] A swinging member is swingably arranged on the lower locking seat;

[0028] A pin shaft is hinged on the swinging member and is located inside the round hole. After the swinging member swings, the pin shaft is inserted into or disengaged from the strip-shaped hole.

[0029] As a further technical solution, it further includes

[0030] a jacking member, one end of which is hinged to the transport vehicle and the other end is hinged to the derrick;

[0031] a pulling-back member, located on one side of the jacking member, one end of which is hinged to the transport vehicle and the other end is hinged to the derrick.

[0032] As a further technical solution, it further includes

[0033] a traveling block pulley, which is relatively rotatably arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device;

[0034] a pulling rope, one end of which is connected to the derrick, the other end of which bypasses the traveling block pulley and is used to be connected to a winch, and the traveling block pulley moves up or down by the winding and unwinding of the pulling rope on the winch;

[0035] a pulling plate, which is used to be arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device, and the traveling block pulley is rotatably arranged on the pulling plate;

[0036] a positioning seat, which is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device, and the pulling plate is inserted into the positioning seat and forms a sliding fit;

[0037] a first telescopic mechanism, which is located below the positioning seat, one end of which is connected to the pulling plate and the other end of which is connected to the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device.

[0038] As a further technical solution, it further includes

[0039] a positioning shaft, a vertical long hole is formed on the pulling plate, and the positioning shaft is arranged on the positioning seat and forms a sliding fit with the long hole.

[0040] As a further technical solution, the back-up tong includes

[0041] a mounting part, which is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device;

[0042] a lifting part, which is slidably arranged on the mounting part and has a mounting cavity;

[0043] a plurality of tong bodies, one ends of the plurality of tong bodies are slidably arranged in the mounting cavity;

[0044] a clamping part, which is arranged at the other end of the tong body, the clamping part is tooth-shaped, and the clamping part clamps the drill pipe after the plurality of tong bodies approach each other.

[0045] As a further technical solution, one end of the pliers body located in the installation cavity has a guiding inclined surface, and further includes

[0046] a top block which is slidably arranged in the installation cavity, and one end of the top block abuts against the guiding inclined surface;

[0047] a first elastic member, both ends of the first elastic member are arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity and the pliers body, and the first elastic member is used to provide a force for the plurality of pliers bodies to move away from each other;

[0048] the top block divides the installation cavity into a first oil cavity and a second oil cavity, and after hydraulic oil is introduced into the first oil cavity or the second oil cavity, the top block is pushed to slide;

[0049] a guiding block, the inner wall of the guiding block is conical, the guiding block is arranged on the pliers body, and the end with a smaller inner diameter of the guiding block is close to the pliers body;

[0050] a first telescopic member, the first telescopic member is arranged in the installation part, and the first telescopic member is used to drive the lifting part to lift and lower.

[0051] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0052] In the present invention, the inclination angle of the sling is measured in real time by an inclination sensor, so that the inclination angle of the sling is controllable. When the sling is inclined to a suitable angle, the sling can accurately stop at the position of the docking sleeve without being completely inclined to the bottom, reducing the operation time. Moreover, the sling can also be accurately reset by relying on the inclination sensor. After resetting, the height of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device can be accurately positioned in real time by relying on the scale grating and the reading head, and the height of the back-up tong can be accurately positioned in real time by relying on the displacement sensor. Therefore, the distance between the back-up tong and the casing and the distance between the back-up tong and the main body of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device can be accurately controlled, and the docking of the casing can be completed quickly and accurately.

[0053] Through the inclination sensor, the scale grating, the reading head and the displacement sensor, the position of the casing can be aligned in one key, and the docking can be completed quickly and accurately, greatly improving the drilling efficiency. In addition, after the height of the back-up tong is adjustable, the position of the tong head can be adjusted to protect the casing thread. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation manners of the present invention will be further described below in a clear and easy-to-understand manner in conjunction with the drawings in the preferred embodiments.

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is Figure 1Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the local part A;

[0057] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the local part B;

[0058] Figure 4 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the local part C;

[0059] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fiber optic guiding member structure in the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 Cross-sectional structure diagram of the fiber optic guiding member in the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection seat structure in the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the traveling block pulley structure in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the positioning seat structure in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 10 is Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the local part D;

[0065] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the back-up tong structure in the present invention;

[0066] Figure 12 Cross-sectional structure diagram of the back-up tong in the present invention;

[0067] In the figure: 1. Transport vehicle, 2. Derrick, 3. Base, 4. Fully automatic direct drive casing rotation device, 5. Back-up tong, 6. Lifting ring, 7. Scale grating, 8. Reading head, 9. Displacement sensor, 10. Inclination sensor, 11. Fiber optic guiding member, 12. Housing, 13. Piston rod, 14. Retaining ring, 15. First limiting hole, 16. Seal, 17. First through hole, 18. Lifting member, 19. Slide block, 20. Connection seat, 21. Support, 22. Upper locking seat, 23. Strip-shaped hole, 24. Lower locking seat, 25. Round hole, 26. Swing member, 27. Pin shaft, 28. Jacking member, 29. Pull-back member, 30. Traveling block pulley, 31. Pulling rope, 32. Pulling plate, 33. Positioning seat, 34. First telescopic mechanism, 35. Long strip hole, 36. Installation part, 37. Lifting part, 38. Installation cavity, 39. Tong body, 40. Clamping part, 41. Guiding inclined surface, 42. Top block, 43. First elastic member, 44. First oil cavity, 45. Second oil cavity, 46. Guiding block, 47. First telescopic member, 48. Cylinder sleeve, 49. Quick-release fixing ring, 50. Fixed seat. Detailed implementation manners

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0069] To make the drawings concise, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Additionally, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some drawings, components with the same structure or function are only schematically shown for one of them, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only this one", but also can mean "more than one" situation, and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0070] In this article, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0071] In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0072] A fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig includes a transport vehicle 1, a derrick 2, a base 3, a fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4, a back clamp 5, and a lifting ring 6. The derrick 2 is rotatably arranged on the transport vehicle 1 and is fixedly arranged on the base 3 after rotation. The fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 is arranged to be lifted and lowered on the derrick 2. The back clamp 5 is arranged to be lifted and lowered on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4. The lifting ring 6 is rotatably arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4. It further includes,

[0073] A scale grating 7, arranged on the derrick 2;

[0074] A reading head 8, arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4, for cooperating with the scale grating 7 to measure the height of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4;

[0075] A displacement sensor 9, arranged on the back clamp 5, for measuring the lifting displacement of the back clamp 5;

[0076] An inclination sensor 10, arranged on the lifting ring 6, for measuring the inclination angle of the lifting ring 6.

[0077] As Figures 1-12 shown Figure 1 In fact, there is only one set of derricks 2. To better show the movement state of the derrick 2, two states during transportation and use are drawn, so there are two sets of derricks 2.

[0078] In this embodiment, to solve the problem that the existing vehicle-mounted drilling rig is inconvenient to align with the casing position and cannot achieve rapid and accurate docking, the inclination sensor 10 is used to measure the inclination angle of the elevator link 6 in real time, so that the inclination angle of the elevator link 6 is controllable. When it is inclined to an appropriate angle, the elevator link 6 can accurately stop at the position of the docking casing without being completely inclined to the bottom, reducing the operation time. Moreover, the elevator link 6 can also be accurately reset relying on the inclination sensor 10. After resetting, relying on the scale grating 7 and the reading head 8, the height of the fully automatic direct drive casing rotating device 4 can be accurately positioned in real time. Relying on the displacement sensor 9, the height of the back-up tong 5 can be accurately positioned in real time. Therefore, the distance between the back-up tong 5 and the casing and the distance between the back-up tong 5 and the main body of the fully automatic direct drive casing rotating device 4 can be accurately controlled, and the docking of the casing can be completed quickly and accurately. The fully automatic direct drive casing rotating device 4 is the top drive in the existing technology.

[0079] In summary, through the inclination sensor 10, the scale grating 7, the reading head 8 and the displacement sensor 9, the casing position can be aligned in one key, and the rapid and accurate docking can be achieved, greatly improving the drilling efficiency. In addition, after the height of the back-up tong 5 is adjustable, the casing thread can be protected by adjusting the position of the tong head.

[0080] Furthermore, it further includes

[0081] an optical fiber guiding member 11, which is arranged on the fully automatic direct drive casing rotating device 4 and is used for sealing the optical fiber during the process of pumping the optical fiber downhole.

[0082] Furthermore, the optical fiber guiding member 11 includes

[0083] a housing 12, which is hollow inside and is arranged on the fully automatic direct drive casing rotating device 4;

[0084] a piston rod 13, which is hollow inside and is arranged to move up and down relative to the housing 12;

[0085] a retaining ring 14, which is arranged below the piston rod 13 and moves up and down therewith. The retaining ring 14 has a first limiting hole 15;

[0086] a sealing member 16, which is arranged inside the housing 12 and is located below the retaining ring 14. The sealing member 16 has a first through hole 17 communicating with the first limiting hole 15.

[0087] In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem of slow data transmission speed of the instrument for measuring geomagnetism, water content and other data underground, an optical fiber guiding member 11 is also provided on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4, which can play a sealing role during the lowering process of the optical fiber and the underground instrument, change the pulse transmission method to wired transmission, greatly improve the transmission speed and make it more stable.

[0088] The specific working principle is as follows: Guide wheels are arranged at the top of the derrick 2, and an optical fiber reel is arranged on one side of the base 3. The optical fiber passes through the guide wheel and enters the interior of the housing 12, then passes through the first limiting hole 15 and the first through hole 17 in sequence, exits from the housing 12, then passes through the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 and completes docking with the instrument, and then goes straight down into the well. The first limiting hole 15 can play a role in limiting and guiding the optical fiber, keeping the optical fiber moving vertically downward, and can also prevent the sealing member 16 from being extruded after being compressed. The descent of the piston rod 13 can compress the sealing member 16, strengthening the sealing effect of the sealing member 16 and avoiding the reduction of the sealing effect after long-term use.

[0089] In addition, for the convenience of disassembling and installing the optical fiber guiding member 11, the overall structure of the optical fiber guiding member 11 consists of a cylinder sleeve 48, a piston rod 13, a retaining ring 14, a sealing member 16, a quick-release fixing ring 49 and a fixing seat 50. The fixing seat 50 is fixedly installed on the cylinder sleeve 48 by using the quick-release fixing ring 49, and the washer between the fixing seat 50 and the cylinder sleeve 48 is locked with fasteners such as bolts. By screwing the fasteners, the washer can be tightened or loosened. When assembling the optical fiber guiding member 11, the piston rod 13 and the cylinder sleeve 48 are used in a matching manner and can be regarded as a whole. Therefore, only need to connect the retaining ring 14 and the piston rod 13 first, install the washer into the cylinder sleeve 48, then install the fixing seat 50 into the interior of the cylinder sleeve 48, and finally lock the quick-release fixing ring 49 and the bolts. The disassembly is the reverse. In this way, the assembly and disassembly of the optical fiber guiding member 11 can be realized simply and quickly, improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the optical fiber guiding member 11.

[0090] It should be noted that the optical fiber and the underground instrument are connected well on the ground and then placed underground together. First, the optical fiber is passed through the optical fiber guiding member, then connected to the underground instrument through an existing quick-connect joint, then the underground instrument is put into the well, and finally the optical fiber guiding member is installed on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device. During the process of lowering the optical fiber, due to the use of pumping, the mud will backflow. Since the optical fiber needs a seal when passing through the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device, otherwise the mud will spray out from here. The quick-connect joint can select existing products, and the docking part is existing technology, so it will not be elaborated too much.

[0091] Furthermore, it also includes,

[0092] a jacking member 18, and the fixed end of the jacking member 18 is arranged on the transport vehicle 1;

[0093] The slider 19 and the connecting seat 20, the slider 19 is slidably arranged on the connecting seat 20, and the other end of the lifting member 18 is arranged on the slider 19;

[0094] The support 21, the connecting seat 20 is arranged to be lifted and lowered on the support 21, and the support 21 is used to support on the ground.

[0095] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the fine adjustment of the position of the transport vehicle 1 itself, a plurality of vehicle moving devices are further arranged under the vehicle tray of the transport vehicle 1, and the plurality of vehicle moving devices are symmetrically distributed so that the transport vehicle 1 is evenly stressed.

[0096] The specific working principle of the vehicle moving device is as follows: Two sliders 19 are synchronously slidably arranged in the connecting seat 20, and a lifting member 18 is arranged on each of the two sliders 19. The lifting member 18 can be an oil cylinder. The fixed ends of the two oil cylinders are fixedly arranged on the vehicle tray of the transport vehicle 1. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the transport vehicle 1, the output end of the lifting member 18 ejects, abuts against the slider 19, and then reversely lifts the transport vehicle 1 to achieve height adjustment; when it is necessary to adjust the left and right positions of the transport vehicle 1, the two sliders 19 can drive the lifting member 18 to move in the same direction at the same time to achieve the lateral movement of the transport vehicle 1.

[0097] In addition, a support 21 is further arranged on the connecting seat 20. The support 21 is locked and fixed on the connecting seat 20 through a locking shaft. There are two upper and lower locking shaft holes on the support 21 for the support 21 to select, so that the support 21 can be lifted and lowered relative to the connecting seat 20. When the transport vehicle 1 is traveling, the vehicle moving device can be directly locked on the connecting seat 20 with the lower locking shaft hole of the support 21 without disassembling the vehicle moving device, so that the whole vehicle moving device has a certain distance from the ground and does not interfere with the traveling of the transport vehicle 1. When it is necessary to lift the transport vehicle 1, the support 21 is lowered to contact the ground, and then the upper locking shaft hole of the support 21 is locked on the connecting seat 20 with a locking shaft. Subsequently, the lifting member 18 exerts force to lift the entire transport vehicle 1.

[0098] Furthermore, it further includes,

[0099] The upper locking seat 22, the derrick 2 is divided into an upper derrick and a lower derrick. The upper locking seat 22 is arranged on the upper derrick, and the upper locking seat 22 has a strip-shaped hole 23;

[0100] The lower locking seat 24, which is arranged on the lower derrick, the lower locking seat 24 has a round hole 25. After the upper derrick and the lower derrick are unfolded, the strip-shaped hole 23 and the round hole 25 are aligned and communicated;

[0101] The swinging member 26, which is swingably arranged on the lower locking seat 24;

[0102] The pin shaft 27, which is hinged on the swinging member 26 and is located in the round hole 25. After the swinging member 26 swings, the pin shaft 27 is inserted into or disengaged from the strip-shaped hole 23.

[0103] In this embodiment, for the convenience of transporting the derrick 2, the derrick 2 is divided into two sections. During transportation, the upper derrick shrinks inside the lower derrick, reducing the occupied space. When in use, the two ends of the upper derrick can be jacked out from the lower derrick and then locked.

[0104] The strip-shaped hole 23 is designed in a water-drop shape, with the upper hole diameter smaller than the lower hole diameter. The upper hole diameter is the same as the diameter of the pin shaft 27. When locking, first jack the upper derrick to the highest position. At this time, for the strip-shaped hole 23 on the upper locking seat 22, the lower hole is aligned with the pin shaft 27. Then control the swing member 26 to drive the pin shaft 27 to insert into the lower hole of the strip-shaped hole 23, and then control the upper derrick to drop, so that the pin shaft 27 is stuck in the upper hole of the strip-shaped hole 23. Since the upper hole diameter is the same as the diameter of the pin shaft 27, the swing member can no longer control the pin shaft 27 to swing out, increasing the safety of the connection between the upper and lower sections of the derrick 2.

[0105] Furthermore, it also includes,

[0106] A jacking member 28, with one end hinged to the transport vehicle 1 and the other end hinged to the derrick 2;

[0107] A pulling-back member 29, located on one side of the jacking member 28, with one end hinged to the transport vehicle 1 and the other end hinged to the derrick 2.

[0108] In this embodiment, the lifting of the derrick 2 is the responsibility of the jacking member 28. When the derrick 2 is faced with situations such as being blown by the wind or the legs on the base 3 failing, the derrick 2 will tend to collapse. At this time, the pulling-back member 29 will provide a pulling-back force in the opposite direction to keep the derrick 2 stable and provide operation safety. The derrick lifting of a conventional vehicle-mounted drilling rig is all by double hydraulic cylinders for lifting. This vehicle-mounted drilling rig is provided with a redundant design and uses four hydraulic cylinders for lifting to prevent danger from occurring when the hydraulic cylinders fail when the derrick 2 is lifted to the vertical state.

[0109] Furthermore, it also includes,

[0110] A traveling block pulley 30, which is relatively rotatably arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4;

[0111] A pulling rope 31, with one end of the pulling rope 31 connected to the derrick 2, and the other end of the pulling rope 31 bypassing the traveling block pulley 30 for connection to the winch. The traveling block pulley 30 moves up or down by being retracted or released on the winch with the help of the pulling rope 31;

[0112] A pulling plate 32, which is used to be arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4, and the traveling block pulley 30 is rotatably arranged on the pulling plate 32;

[0113] A positioning seat 33, which is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4, and the pulling plate 32 is inserted into the positioning seat 33 and forms a sliding fit;

[0114] The first telescopic mechanism 34 is located below the positioning seat 33 , one end of the first telescopic mechanism 34 is connected to the pull plate 32 , and the other end of the first telescopic mechanism 34 is connected to the full-automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 .

[0115] The positioning shaft has a vertical long hole 35 on the pull plate 32 . The positioning shaft is arranged on the positioning seat 33 and forms a sliding fit with the long hole 35 .

[0116] In this embodiment, when the lifting wheel is needed to drive the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 to rise and fall, the positioning shaft is located at the bottom of the long hole 35, and the pull plate 32 can drive the positioning seat 33 to rise and fall through the positioning shaft, thereby driving the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 to rise and fall synchronously.

[0117] When the position of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 needs to be fine-tuned, the upper and lower positions of the lifting wheels are fixed, and the first telescopic mechanism 34 is extended and retracted, so that the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 moves downward or upward, and the positioning seat 33 moves synchronously, thereby driving the positioning shaft to move synchronously, and the positioning shaft slides in the long hole 35, which can play a guiding and limiting role, and realize the lifting and lowering of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4. In addition, the first telescopic mechanism 34 has a built-in encoder, which can drive the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 to lift and lower while recording the lifting distance, and can accurately locate the height of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4, and use data to visualize the drilling work.

[0118] When the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 needs to be disassembled for maintenance, the positioning shaft between the pull plate 32 and the positioning seat 33 can be unplugged first, and then the positioning shaft between the first telescopic mechanism 34 and the positioning seat 33 can be unplugged, and the pull plate 32 and the first telescopic mechanism 34 can be disassembled, and then the top drive can be removed from the derrick 2. In this way, the top drive can be disassembled easily and quickly for maintenance, reducing the downtime of the drilling rig and improving the overall work efficiency.

[0119] In summary, the upper side of the pull plate 32 is connected to the traveling block pulley 30, and the lower side lifts the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4. The first telescopic mechanism 34, that is, the floating cylinder, is placed downward. The upper and lower positions of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 are fine-tuned by the floating cylinder, and the height is controllable. Different heights can be adjusted according to different drill rods to protect the threads and save time.

[0120] Further, the back-up clamp 5 comprises,

[0121] A mounting portion 36, the mounting portion 36 being disposed on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4;

[0122] A lifting portion 37, the lifting portion 37 is slidably disposed on the mounting portion 36, and the lifting portion 37 has a mounting cavity 38;

[0123] The clamping body 39, there are multiple clamping bodies 39, and one end of the multiple clamping bodies 39 is slidably arranged in the installation cavity 38;

[0124] The clamping part 40, the clamping part 40 is arranged at the other end of the clamping body 39, the clamping part 40 is tooth-shaped, and after the multiple clamping bodies 39 approach each other, the clamping part 40 clamps the drill pipe.

[0125] Furthermore, one end of the clamping body 39 located in the installation cavity 38 has a guiding inclined surface 41, and further includes

[0126] The top block 42, the top block 42 is slidably arranged in the installation cavity 38, and one end of the top block 42 abuts against the guiding inclined surface 41;

[0127] The first elastic member 43, both ends of the first elastic member 43 are arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity 38 and the clamping body 39, and the first elastic member 43 is used to provide a force for the multiple clamping bodies 39 to move away from each other;

[0128] The top block 42 divides the installation cavity 38 into a first oil cavity 44 and a second oil cavity 45. After hydraulic oil is introduced into the first oil cavity 44 or the second oil cavity 45, the top block 42 is pushed to slide;

[0129] The guiding block 46, the inner wall of the guiding block 46 is conical, the guiding block 46 is arranged on the lifting part 37, and the end with a smaller inner diameter of the guiding block 46 is close to the clamping body 39;

[0130] The first telescopic member, the first telescopic member is arranged in the installation part 36, and the first telescopic member is used to drive the lifting part 37 to lift.

[0131] In this embodiment, the installation part 36 serves as the basic component of the back clamp 5 and is tightly connected to the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device 4 through bolts to ensure the stability of the entire device. The lifting part 37 can slide on the installation part 36, and the clamping body 39 is slidably arranged in the installation cavity 38. The lifting of the lifting part 37 enables the clamping body 39 to maintain good alignment and clamping ability when operating at different heights. One end of the multiple clamping bodies 39 that approach each other is provided with a clamping part 40, and the clamping part 40 is specifically tooth-shaped. After the multiple clamping bodies 39 approach each other, the clamping part 40 ensures a tight bite with the drill pipe. One end of the clamping body 39 is provided with a guiding inclined surface 41, and after the top block 42 slides and contacts the guiding inclined surface 41, it pushes the clamping body 39 to slide, so that the clamping part 40 can clamp the drill pipe. When the drill pipe does not need to be clamped, the top block 42 resets, and the clamping body 39 resets under the action of the first elastic member 43. The distance between the multiple clamping bodies 39 is adjusted through the cooperation between the first elastic member 43 and the top block 42.

[0132] By injecting hydraulic oil into the first oil cavity 44 or the second oil cavity 45, the top block 42 can be pushed to slide along the installation cavity 38, achieving precise control of the distance between the pliers bodies 39, and further adjusting the clamping force on the drill pipe. The inner wall of the guide block 46 is designed in a conical shape, with its smaller inner diameter end facing the pliers body 39, ensuring that the drill pipe can smoothly enter between the multiple clamping parts 40 and improving the smoothness of the connection. The lifting of the lifting part 37 is realized through the first telescopic member, and then the height of the lifting part 37 is controlled, which is convenient and reliable for control. In addition, as shown in the figure, the back-up tong 5 can also be set as a large-diameter pliers body 39, which can better work with drill strings of various diameters.

[0133] The height of the back-up tong 5 is adjustable. The first telescopic member can be selected as an oil cylinder, and then an oil cylinder position sensor is set. By adjusting the position of the tong head, the casing thread can be protected. The back-up tong 5 is provided with a clamping and loosening position sensor to automatically detect whether the clamping is in place. The casing guiding device is built-in, and the traditional bell mouth is no longer used, reducing the working height. When the drill pipe moves to the back-up tong 5, it is basically at the center of the back-up tong 5, reducing the through diameter of the back-up tong 5 and saving space.

[0134] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig, comprising a transport vehicle (1), a derrick (2), a base (3), a fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4), a backup clamp (5) and a lifting ring (6), wherein the derrick (2) and the base (3) are both arranged on the transport vehicle (1), the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4) is lifted and arranged on the derrick (2), the backup clamp (5) is lifted and arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4), and the lifting ring (6) is rotatably arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4), characterized in that: Also includes, A scale grating (7) arranged on the derrick (2); a reading head (8), arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4), and used for cooperating with the scale grating (7) to measure the height of the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4); A displacement sensor (9), arranged on the back-up clamp (5), and used to measure the lifting and lowering displacement of the back-up clamp (5); An inclination sensor (10) is arranged on the lifting ring (6) and is used to measure the inclination angle of the lifting ring (6); The derrick (2) is rotatably mounted on the transport vehicle (1), and is fixedly mounted on the base (3) after rotation; An optical fiber guide (11) is arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4) and is used to seal the optical fiber during the process of pumping the optical fiber downhole; The optical fiber guide (11) comprises: A shell (12) having a hollow interior and arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4); A piston rod (13) having a hollow interior and being arranged to be lifted relative to the housing (12); A retaining ring (14) is arranged below the piston rod (13) and follows the piston rod (13) in ascending and descending motion, the retaining ring (14) having a first limiting hole (15); A sealing member (16) is arranged in the housing (12) and is located below the retaining ring (14); the sealing member (16) has a first through hole (17) communicating with the first limiting hole (15).

2. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes, A lifting member (18), one end of the lifting member (18) being arranged on the transport vehicle (1); A slider (19) and a connecting seat (20), wherein the slider (19) is slidably disposed on the connecting seat (20), and the other end of the lifting member (18) is disposed on the slider (19); A support (21), the connecting seat (20) being arranged on the support (21) in a lifting manner, and the support (21) being used for supporting the ground.

3. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The derrick (2) is divided into an upper derrick and a lower derrick, and further comprises: An upper locking seat (22), the upper locking seat (22) being arranged on the upper derrick, the upper locking seat (22) having a strip-shaped hole (23); A lower locking seat (24) is arranged on the lower derrick, the lower locking seat (24) having a circular hole (25), and after the upper derrick and the lower derrick are unfolded, the strip hole (23) and the circular hole (25) are aligned and connected; A swinging member (26) swingably disposed on the lower locking seat (24); The pin shaft (27) is hinged on the swinging member (26) and is located in the circular hole (25). After the swinging member (26) swings, the pin shaft (27) is inserted into or separated from the strip hole (23).

4. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes, A lifting member (28), one end of which is hinged to the transport vehicle (1), and the other end of which is hinged to the derrick (2); The pull-back member (29) is located on one side of the lifting member (28), one end of which is hinged to the transport vehicle (1) and the other end of which is hinged to the derrick (2).

5. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes, A traveling block pulley (30), the traveling block pulley (30) being relatively rotatably arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4); a pull rope (31), one end of the pull rope (31) being connected to the derrick (2), and the other end of the pull rope (31) passing around the traveling block pulley (30) for connection with a winch, the traveling block pulley (30) being retracted and extended on the winch to move upward or downward by means of the pull rope (31); A pulling plate (32), the pulling plate (32) being used to be arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4), and the traveling carriage pulley (30) being rotatably arranged on the pulling plate (32); A positioning seat (33), the positioning seat (33) being arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4), the pulling plate (32) being plugged into the positioning seat (33) to form a sliding fit; A first telescopic mechanism (34), the first telescopic mechanism (34) is located below the positioning seat (33), one end of the first telescopic mechanism (34) is connected to the pull plate (32), and the other end of the first telescopic mechanism (34) is connected to the full-automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4).

6. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes, A positioning shaft is provided with a vertical elongated hole (35) on the pull plate (32); the positioning shaft is arranged on the positioning seat (33) and forms a sliding fit with the elongated hole (35).

7. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back-up clamp (5) comprises: A mounting portion (36), the mounting portion (36) being arranged on the fully automatic direct-drive casing rotating device (4); A lifting portion (37), the lifting portion (37) being slidably disposed on the mounting portion (36), the lifting portion (37) having a mounting cavity (38); A pliers body (39), the pliers body (39) comprising a plurality of pliers bodies (39), one end of the plurality of pliers bodies (39) being slidably disposed in the mounting cavity (38); A clamping portion (40) is arranged at the other end of the clamp body (39), the clamping portion (40) is tooth-shaped, and when a plurality of the clamp bodies (39) are brought close to each other, the clamping portion (40) clamps the drill rod.

8. The fully automatic vehicle-mounted casing drilling rig according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the clamp body (39) located in the installation cavity (38) has a guide slope (41), and further includes A top block (42), the top block (42) being slidably disposed in the mounting cavity (38), one end of the top block (42) being in contact with the guide inclined surface (41); a first elastic member (43), wherein two ends of the first elastic member (43) are arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cavity (38) and the clamp body (39), and the first elastic member (43) is used to provide a force for moving the plurality of clamp bodies (39) away from each other; The top block (42) divides the installation cavity (38) into a first oil cavity (44) and a second oil cavity (45), and hydraulic oil is introduced into the first oil cavity (44) or the second oil cavity (45) to push the top block (42) to slide; A guide block (46), the inner wall of the guide block (46) being conical, the guide block (46) being arranged on the pliers body (39), and the end of the guide block (46) having a smaller inner diameter being close to the pliers body (39); A first telescopic member (47), wherein the first telescopic member (47) is arranged in the mounting portion (36), and the first telescopic member (47) is used to drive the lifting portion (37) to move up and down.

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