A system and method for monitoring impurities in coolant of a superconducting cable system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a system and method for monitoring impurities in the coolant of a superconducting cable system. The system includes: an impurity detection sensor unit, an impurity detection area provided in a coolant channel of a refrigeration system pipeline, for detecting impurities in the coolant passing through the detection area and outputting an impurity sensing signal; a data processing terminal, communication-coupled to the impurity detection sensor unit, for acquiring impurity detection data, and obtaining coolant quality information of the coolant in the superconducting cable according to the impurity detection data; and obtaining and outputting an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable based on the coolant quality information. By configuring an impurity monitoring system in the refrigeration system of the coolant of the superconducting cable, it can help confirm whether the performance and operating state of the superconducting cable are abnormal and aging without affecting the operation of the superconducting cable, and can buy time for rapid disposal, greatly improving the efficiency of abnormal discovery and positioning of the superconducting cable and its refrigeration system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of superconducting cables, and in particular to a system and method for monitoring impurities in a coolant of a superconducting cable system. Background Art

[0002] Superconducting cables are designed and manufactured using the characteristics of superconductors that they become superconducting at their critical temperature, with no resistance, very little loss, high current density, and the ability to carry large currents. Many countries around the world are relying on superconducting cable projects to reserve superconducting power application technology. China is also accelerating the research process of superconducting cable technology. Its first independently developed superconducting cable projects of various structures have been put into operation one after another, marking that China's superconducting power transmission applications have entered the ranks of the world's leading companies.

[0003] Compared with power cables, superconducting cables have great advantages, such as: strong power transmission capacity, cost savings, small space occupation, extremely low line impedance, small power transmission loss, and strong anti-magnetic interference ability; they allow the use of relatively low voltage for long-distance power transmission, and can also transmit power underground, thus avoiding the noise, electromagnetic pollution and safety hazards caused by ultra-high voltage high-altitude power transmission, and protecting the ecological environment.

[0004] Liquid nitrogen is the cooling medium for high-temperature superconducting cables, which is used to maintain the cables in a superconducting state. Therefore, its purity and operating status are crucial to the performance of the cables. Superconducting cables that have been in operation for a long time may precipitate impurities due to performance aging. For example, the current mainstream insulation structure of superconducting cables is a liquid nitrogen-impregnated paper PPLP (Polypropylene Laminated Paper) composite insulation structure. PPLP is made of porous pulp material and polypropylene film, and has good impregnation properties. The paper in PPLP may be damaged and form fragments and impurities under long-term voltage, liquid nitrogen immersion and flow impact. This will lead to a decline in the performance of the superconducting cable and may even cause serious faults such as quenching.

[0005] In addition, the role of liquid nitrogen inside superconducting cables is to maintain insulation performance, take away heat, and maintain temperature. Solid debris impurities will affect the flow characteristics of liquid nitrogen. In addition to solid debris impurities, if the local temperature is not well controlled in the entire liquid nitrogen circulation system, bubbles may be generated due to evaporation. Bubbles are actually a kind of impurity. Bubbles will endanger the cable insulation and the flow characteristics of liquid nitrogen. Therefore, various impurities in the liquid nitrogen of superconducting cables may cause the performance of superconducting materials to deteriorate, and even cause serious faults such as quenching. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a system and method for monitoring impurities in a coolant of a superconducting cable system to solve the problems in the related art.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, an embodiment provides a coolant impurity monitoring system for a superconducting cable system, the superconducting cable system comprising a refrigeration system for refrigerating a coolant in a superconducting cable; a pipeline inside or connected to the refrigeration system comprises a coolant channel and a vacuum layer surrounding the coolant channel; the system comprises: an impurity detection sensor unit, provided in an impurity detection area in the coolant channel, for detecting impurities in the coolant passing through the detection area and outputting an impurity sensing signal; a data processing terminal, communicatively coupled to the impurity detection sensor unit, for acquiring impurity detection data, the impurity detection data comprising first impurity data obtained based on the impurity sensing signal, and obtaining impurity influence information based on the impurity detection data, the impurity influence information comprising: coolant quality information and / or damage information of an insulating material on the superconducting cable to which the impurities belong; based on the impurity influence information, an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable is obtained and output.

[0008] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the impurity detection area is located in a liquid storage bend in the pipeline of the refrigeration system; and / or, a first vacuum interface is provided on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a first vacuum lead-out tube connecting the coolant channel and the first vacuum interface is provided in the pipeline, forming a channel for leading the electrical circuit of the impurity detection sensor unit to the outside of the pipeline.

[0009] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the impurity detection area is provided with a filter element for intercepting impurities, and the impurity detection sensor unit is located upstream of the filter element.

[0010] In an embodiment of the first aspect, a second vacuum interface is provided on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a second vacuum outlet pipe connecting the coolant channel and the second vacuum interface is provided in the pipeline, forming a channel for removing trapped impurities to the outside of the pipeline.

[0011] In an embodiment of the first aspect, at least one solenoid valve for opening or closing the coolant channel is provided on the coolant channel; the electrical circuit of the solenoid valve is led out of the pipeline through a third vacuum outlet pipe connected to a third vacuum interface on the outer wall of the pipeline.

[0012] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the outer wall of the pipeline is provided with a fourth vacuum interface for connecting to a material detector, and the pipeline is provided with a fourth vacuum lead-out tube connecting the coolant channel and the fourth vacuum interface, forming a channel for leading out the coolant sample to the material detector; the material detector is communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal, at least for detecting liquid impurities in the coolant sample and obtaining second impurity data; the data processing terminal is used to obtain the insulation status information of the superconducting cable based on impurity detection data including the first impurity data and the second impurity data.

[0013] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the first impurity data includes: impurity amount and / or impurity amount change trend data.

[0014] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the impurity detection sensor unit is further used to obtain physical structure data of the detected impurities; the data processing terminal is used to obtain physical structure characteristics according to the physical structure data; the data processing terminal is further used to determine the coolant quality information according to the physical structure characteristics and the first impurity data, and / or, identify the type of impurities detected according to the physical structure characteristics, and obtain and output the evaluation result of the insulation state of the superconducting cable based on the impurity data of impurities whose impurity types belong to the insulation layer material on the superconducting cable. In an embodiment of the first aspect, a monitoring center communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal obtains and outputs the evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable; and / or a user operation terminal communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal or the monitoring center obtains and outputs the evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable.

[0015] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for monitoring coolant impurities in a superconducting cable system is provided in an embodiment, which is applied to the coolant impurity monitoring system described in any one of the first aspects, and the method comprises: acquiring impurity detection data, the impurity detection data comprising first impurity data obtained based on the impurity sensing signal; obtaining impurity impact information according to the impurity detection data, the impurity impact information comprising: coolant quality information and / or damage information of the insulating material on the superconducting cable to which the impurities belong; and obtaining and outputting an evaluation result of the operating status of the superconducting cable based on the impurity impact information.

[0016] As described above, the present disclosure provides a system and method for monitoring impurities in the coolant of a superconducting cable system in an embodiment, the system comprising: an impurity detection sensor unit, an impurity detection area provided in the coolant channel of the refrigeration system pipeline, for detecting impurities in the coolant passing through the detection area and outputting an impurity sensing signal; a data processing terminal, communicatively coupled to the impurity detection sensor unit, for obtaining impurity detection data, the impurity detection data comprising first impurity data obtained based on the impurity sensing signal, and obtaining impurity impact information according to the impurity detection data, the impurity impact information comprising: coolant quality information and / or damage information of the insulating material on the superconducting cable to which the impurities belong; obtaining and outputting an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable based on the impurity impact information. By configuring an impurity monitoring system in the refrigeration system of the coolant of the superconducting cable, it can help confirm whether the performance and operating state of the superconducting cable are abnormal and aging without affecting the operation of the superconducting cable, and can save time for rapid disposal, greatly improving the efficiency of abnormal discovery and positioning of the superconducting cable and its refrigeration system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an application scenario of a coolant impurity monitoring system for a superconducting cable in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the pipelines of the refrigeration system in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a coolant impurity monitoring system in one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a fitting curve of the change of impurity amount over time in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The schematic diagrams of the structure of opening and closing the solenoid valve on the coolant channel in the pipeline in one embodiment of the present disclosure are respectively shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart showing a method for monitoring impurities in a coolant of a superconducting cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a computer device in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present disclosure by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the information disclosed by the present disclosure. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in the present disclosure can also be modified or changed in various ways according to different viewpoints and application modules without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0025] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0026] In the representations of the present disclosure, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics represented in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics represented may be combined in any one or a group of embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples represented in the present disclosure and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually contradictory.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the representation of the present disclosure, "a group" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In order to clearly describe the present disclosure, components not related to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

[0029] Throughout the specification, when a device is said to be "connected" to another device, this includes not only the case of "direct connection" but also the case of "indirect connection" by placing other elements therebetween. In addition, when a device is said to "include" a certain component, unless otherwise stated, it does not exclude other components, but means that other components may be included.

[0030] Although the terms first, second, etc. are used to represent various elements in this article in some examples, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, the first interface and the second interface, etc. are represented. Moreover, as used in this article, the singular forms "one", "one" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless there is an opposite indication in the context. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate that there are the described features, steps, operations, elements, modules, projects, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the existence, occurrence or addition of one or a group of other features, steps, operations, elements, modules, projects, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Therefore, "A, B or C" or "A, B and / or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C". Only when the combination of elements, functions, steps or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way, will there be an exception to this definition.

[0031] The technical terms used herein are only used to refer to specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular form used herein also includes the plural form unless the sentence clearly indicates the contrary meaning. The meaning of "including" used in the specification is to specify specific characteristics, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, and does not exclude the existence or addition of other characteristics, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components.

[0032] Although not defined differently, all terms, including technical and scientific terms used herein, have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are additionally interpreted as having meanings consistent with relevant technical literature and the message of the present disclosure, and shall not be overly interpreted as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined.

[0033] High-temperature superconducting cables require coolant to remove heat and maintain temperature in order to maintain the superconducting state of the cable. Commonly used coolants include liquid nitrogen. Therefore, the purity and operating status of the coolant are crucial to the performance of the cable. Superconducting cables that have been in operation for a long time may precipitate impurities due to performance aging, and local temperature changes may cause bubbles in liquid nitrogen. Impurities in the coolant will cause the purity of the coolant to decrease, affecting the cooling performance of the coolant, which may cause the temperature of the superconducting material to rise and the performance to decrease, or even cause serious faults such as quenching due to excessive temperature.

[0034] In view of this, in order to detect impurities in liquid nitrogen and taking into account reducing the structural impact on the superconducting cable itself, a coolant impurity monitoring system is provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. By monitoring impurities in the pipeline of the refrigeration system of the coolant of the superconducting cable, the quality of the coolant is judged by detecting the impurities flowing through the coolant, and then it is possible to analyze whether the superconducting cable is in an abnormal state, and timely discover the potential risks of the superconducting cable, etc., to provide protection for the long-term stable operation of the superconducting cable.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a schematic diagram showing an application scenario of a coolant impurity monitoring system in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0036] exist Figure 1 In the figure, a superconducting cable system is shown, which includes a superconducting cable 100, a terminal 200 and a refrigeration system 300.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the structure of the superconducting cable 100 includes a cable core 101, an inner sheath 102 sleeved outside the cable core 101, a coolant 104 flowing in the inner sheath 102 to immerse the cable core 101, and an outer sheath 103 sleeved outside the inner sheath 102. An insulating vacuum environment is formed between the inner sheath 102 and the outer sheath 103 to constitute a Dewar.

[0038] The superconducting cable 100 is connected to terminals 200 at both ends. At the terminals 200 at both ends, the coolant 104 of the superconducting cable is connected to the refrigeration system 300 through the pipeline 310 to cool the coolant 104 in the superconducting cable 100. As an example, the coolant 104 can be liquid nitrogen. In another example, the coolant 104 can also be liquid helium, etc.

[0039] Since the cable core 101 may be wrapped with polypropylene laminated paper or the like as an insulating material, the polypropylene laminated paper will gradually age during use, and may produce fragments and impurities under the impact of the flowing coolant 104, and enter the coolant 104. In addition, in the process of filling the superconducting cable 100 with the coolant 104, substances in the air may be introduced, such as oxygen (freezing temperature -218°C, liquefaction temperature -183°C), water vapor (freezing temperature 0°C), carbon dioxide (freezing temperature -78.3°C, liquefaction temperature -56.6°C), nitrogen oxides, etc. These substances have different liquefaction temperatures and freezing temperatures, so they may exist in the coolant 104 as liquid or solid impurities. In addition, the coolant 104 may evaporate in the superconducting cable 101 or the refrigeration system 300 due to local temperature changes to form bubbles, and bubbles are also a kind of impurities in the coolant 104.

[0040] In order to detect impurities in the coolant 104, a coolant impurity monitoring system is provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The coolant impurity monitoring system includes an impurity detection sensor unit 400, which is arranged in an impurity detection area in a pipeline that transmits the coolant 104 in the refrigeration system 300, and can be used to detect impurities in the coolant 104 passing through the impurity detection area and generate an impurity sensing signal. Figure 1 In the figure, the impurity detection area can be exemplified as a liquid trap structure of a coolant channel 311 in the pipeline of the refrigeration system. The liquid trap structure is more convenient for the precipitation of solid impurities and is beneficial to impurity detection.

[0041] For easy viewing, Figure 1 Only the impurity detection area in the refrigeration system is schematically shown, and the specific pipeline 310 structure in the refrigeration system, as well as the refrigerator, heat exchanger, Dewar container, etc. that may be included are not shown in detail.

[0042] Figure 2The specific structural schematic diagram of the pipeline 310 of the refrigeration system in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in the figure. The pipeline 310 may include a coolant channel 311 and a vacuum layer 312 surrounding the coolant channel 311. The coolant channel 311 is used to transmit the coolant 104, and the vacuum layer 312 is used to form a vacuum environment that isolates the coolant channel 311 from external heat conduction.

[0043] In some embodiments, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 may be implemented as an ultrasonic sensor, etc., and the signal values ​​of the echo signals reflected by the emission signal hitting the impurities or the coolant 104 are different. For example, the signal value of the echo signal reflected by hitting the solid impurities or bubbles is significantly stronger than the signal value of the coolant 104. It should be noted that the type of the impurity detection sensor unit 400 may also be determined according to the type of impurities that may exist in the coolant 104 of the superconducting cable. For example, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 may be an ultrasonic sensor, and the signals obtained when detecting different materials of the coolant 104 and the solid impurities passing through the coolant 104 are different. According to the recording and analysis of the signal waveform, the situation of the impurities in the coolant 104 can be determined, for example, the difference between solid impurities (such as paper scraps) and bubbles can be further distinguished.

[0044] It is understandable that although Figure 1 The impurity detection sensor unit 400 is shown to be disposed in the pipe 310 in the refrigeration system, but in other embodiments, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 may also be disposed in the pipe 310 between the terminal and the refrigeration system.

[0045] The impurity detection sensor unit 400 may be coupled to a device outside the pipeline 310 through wired or wireless communication, and output the impurity sensing signal.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a coolant impurity monitoring system in one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0047] The coolant impurity monitoring system includes the impurity detection sensor unit 400 and a data processing terminal 600 .

[0048] The data processing terminal 600 is communicatively coupled to the impurity detection sensor unit 400, and is used to obtain impurity detection data. The impurity detection data includes first impurity data obtained based on the impurity sensing signal. As an example, the first impurity data may be analysis data obtained by identifying and statistically analyzing the impurity sensing signal. Specifically, each impurity sensing signal corresponds to the occurrence of an impurity, and the number of occurrences of the impurity sensing signal can represent the amount of impurities. The first impurity data may include: the amount of impurities obtained by statistically analyzing the identified impurity sensing signal along time, and / or the change trend data of the impurity amount.

[0049]

Coolant quality analysis based on impurities

[0050] The amount of impurities or the change trend data of the amount of impurities can reflect the quality of the coolant or the change trend data of the quality of the coolant. The greater the amount of impurities, the worse the quality of the coolant 104. Therefore, the statistical amount of impurities can be used to analyze the quality of the coolant.

[0051] In some examples, the impurity amount change trend data can be expressed as the speed at which the impurity amount increases over time. For example, a curve fitting can be performed based on the impurity amount data that changes over time to obtain Figure 4 The example of the fitting curve in is a broken line including segments a, b, and c. The slope of the fitting curve increases in segment c relative to segment a, that is, the relative increase in the slope of the curve in continuous or intermittent time periods indicates an increase in the growth rate of impurities, that is, impurities appear more frequently, indicating an accelerated deterioration of the coolant quality.

[0052] according to Figure 1 It can be seen that the coolant 104 is circulated and transmitted between the superconducting cable 100, the terminal 200 and the refrigeration system 300, and the impurities may also circulate with the coolant 104, and the same circulating impurities may be repeatedly counted when performing impurity statistics.

[0053] In order to avoid the problem of repeated counting of impurities, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 can be configured to obtain the physical structure data of the impurity surface, for example, the depth information relative to the impurity surface is obtained by the impurity detection sensor unit 400 for ranging, so that the data processing terminal 600 can distinguish and extract physical structure features according to the physical structure data, such as one or more feature representations (such as feature vectors) of contour, shape, length, area, etc. According to the physical structure features, it can be roughly distinguished whether the impurities are the same, so as to exclude the impurities detected repeatedly, that is, "impurity duplication removal". In the corresponding application example, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 can have a sensor that can collect the above-mentioned physical structure data, such as an ultrasonic sensor that can realize ranging and depth map imaging, and preferably can include an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver array. Specifically, the identified impurities are marked, and the mark may include an impurity ID, and the impurity ID may be associated with the physical structure features of the corresponding impurity. When the impurity detection sensor unit 400 detects an impurity, the detected impurity can be matched with the marked impurity for physical structure features, and the count is excluded when the match is achieved.

[0054] In some embodiments, if the number of impurities increases, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 may also detect multiple impurities at the same time. In this case, the multiple impurities can be identified and counted together by checking the number of local peaks of the echo signal of the impurity detection sensor unit 400 with a signal transmitter / receiver array (each peak may correspond to one impurity).

[0055] When the statistical impurity amount is large and / or the impurity occurrence rate is high, it means that the coolant quality of the coolant 104 is poorer. In some embodiments, the coolant quality information may include multiple coolant quality levels (for example, the coolant quality levels are excellent, medium, and poor from high to low), and each coolant quality level may be pre-associated with an impurity amount (impurity occurrence rate) condition, such as a numerical range of different impurity amounts, a numerical range of different impurity growth rates, etc. Thus, when the impurity amount / impurity occurrence rate obtained according to the impurity detection data meets the condition, a matching coolant quality level is obtained.

[0056] Since the quality of the coolant is positively correlated to the effect of maintaining the low temperature of the superconducting cable, that is, it is positively correlated to the temperature of the superconducting cable to maintain the superconducting state, the operating state of the superconducting cable can be exemplarily predicted to obtain an evaluation result based on the coolant quality information of the coolant 104 (such as the coolant quality level). For example, the evaluation result may include the temperature risk level of the operating state of the superconducting cable, and each coolant quality level may be pre-associated with a temperature-related first risk level. The lower the coolant quality level, the higher the first risk level. In short, the first risk level is to evaluate the risk of the superconducting cable being difficult to maintain at low temperature due to the decrease in cooling performance caused by the decrease in coolant quality, thereby affecting the performance and even causing quenching.

[0057] [Analysis of insulation material damage based on impurities]

[0058] In the superconducting cable coolant 104, the impurities that are most likely to appear are paper scraps of the polypropylene laminated paper of the insulation material on the cable core of the superconducting cable, and may also include bubbles caused by poor local temperature control. If data analysis can be performed on the paper scraps of the polypropylene laminated paper detected in the coolant 104, damage information of the insulation material on the superconducting cable can be obtained.

[0059] Continuing from the previous embodiments, in some embodiments, bubbles and paper scraps impurities of propylene laminated paper can be distinguished by different signal values ​​of echo signals, and then the identified paper scraps impurities can be analyzed. In other embodiments, the impurity detection sensor unit 400 can obtain physical structure data of the impurities and extract physical structure features based on the physical structure data. In some embodiments, the data processing terminal 600 can also identify the type of impurity based on the physical structure features. In a further example, the data processing terminal 600 can be provided with an impurity identification model, which can be used to distinguish between bubbles, paper scraps, etc. based on physical structure features (such as contours, shapes).

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the impurity recognition model can be implemented as a target recognition model built based on a deep neural network model, such as R-CNN, SSD, YOLO or their variants or different versions, and can be trained by a set of training data containing bubbles or paper scraps corresponding to the classification labels "bubbles" and "paper scraps" (such as a depth map with bubble and paper scrap labels), and can be identified here according to the depth map of the impurities. Since the solid impurities in the coolant may basically be these two types, the "paper scrap" impurities can be distinguished more accurately during identification. In the case where the paper scraps can be accurately identified, the damage information of the polypropylene laminated paper can be more accurately judged according to the amount of paper scraps precipitated, so as to more accurately judge the risk of superconducting cable insulation failure.

[0061] As an example, the damage information may include damage levels (such as no damage, small damage, medium damage, and large damage) of multiple different impurity amounts (i.e., damage amounts). Accordingly, the evaluation result of the operating status of the superconducting cable may include a second risk level of insulation state failure risk corresponding to each damage level.

[0062] In combination with the above embodiments, the data processing terminal 600 can obtain impurity impact information based on the impurity detection data, where the impurity impact information includes coolant quality information and / or damage information of the insulating material on the superconducting cable to which the impurities belong, and further obtain and output the evaluation results of the operating status of the superconducting cable based on the impurity impact information, that is, the evaluation results including the operating performance and quench risk and / or insulation failure risk of the superconducting cable.

[0063] In some embodiments, the data processing terminal 600 can be implemented as, for example, a local server, desktop, laptop or other processing terminal, which can obtain collected data from the impurity detection sensor unit 400, etc. The data processing terminal 600 and the impurity detection sensor unit 400, etc. can be communicated via wired or wireless means.

[0064] In some embodiments, the data processing terminal 600 can form wired or wireless communication with the impurity detection sensor unit 400. Figure 2 , the outer wall of the pipeline 310 may be provided with a first vacuum interface 314, and the pipeline 310 is provided with a first vacuum extraction pipe 315 (which can be filled with gas of the same element as the coolant 104, such as nitrogen corresponding to liquid nitrogen, etc.) connecting the coolant channel 311 and the first vacuum interface 314, forming a channel for extracting the electrical circuit of the impurity detection sensor unit 400 to the outside of the pipeline 310. The electrical circuit may include signal and power supply circuits. Alternatively, the data processing terminal 600 communicates with the sensor through wireless protocols such as Bluetooth, WiFi, 3G / 4G / 5G, etc. to obtain collected data, and wiring can be omitted. The data processing terminal 600 can be set near the delivery pipeline 310 of the coolant 104 according to the communication mode and communication range, or it can be set at different positions. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the data processing terminal 600 at least processes the collected impurity sensing signal to obtain impurity detection data, obtains evaluation results based on the impurity detection data, and so on, and sends the processing results to the monitoring center 700 or the user operation terminal 800. In other embodiments, the data processing terminal 600 may be implemented as a communication device of a wired or wireless communication node, serving as a data transfer station for sensor data such as impurity sensing signals, etc.

[0065] In some embodiments, the data processing terminal 600 can be integrated or communicatively coupled to a prompter, which can be exemplified as a display and / or an alarm, and the display can display the evaluation results and can give corresponding alarm prompts for the risk level of the evaluation results. The alarm can be implemented as an audio / visual alarm, such as a warning light, a buzzer, etc., and can give corresponding alarm prompts based on the risk level. For example, the higher the risk level of the evaluation result, the more eye-catching the displayed alarm prompt color, the more eye-catching the light emission mode of the alarm light, the higher the volume and frequency of the buzzer, etc. The prompter is used to prompt the staff at the local location where the superconducting cable is located, so as to facilitate local rapid and accurate risk monitoring and processing.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, if Figure 3In the example, the data processing terminal 600 can also be connected to the monitoring center 700 in communication, and the communication connection can be a remote Internet connection. The monitoring center 700 can be a server deployed in the cloud, and the data processing terminal 600 can send the obtained evaluation results to the monitoring center 700 for display at the monitoring center 700. Alternatively, the sensor data can also be sent to the monitoring center 700 to generate and display the evaluation results at the monitoring center 700. The monitoring center 700 can monitor superconducting cables in multiple areas to facilitate timely positioning of the area where the superconducting cables with abnormalities are located, so as to facilitate remote, rapid and accurate risk monitoring and processing.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the user operation terminal 800 of the staff can also be coupled to the data processing terminal 600 or the monitoring center 700 to obtain and output the evaluation results of the operating status of the superconducting cable. The operation terminal can include a computer, tablet computer, smart phone, etc. at the local site or in different areas, so that the staff can view and respond immediately at the location. The user operation terminal 800 can also have a display and an alarm for corresponding alarm prompts based on the risk level. The prompt method can be similar to the prompt method in the previous embodiment.

[0068] For the convenience of intuitive description, only Figure 1 The refrigeration system may also include a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a coolant 104 container, etc., which are not shown.

[0069] In order to achieve better detection results, refer to Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the impurity detection area is provided with a filter 500 for intercepting impurities, and the detection range of the impurity detection sensor unit 400 covers the interception area of ​​the impurities by the filter 500. As an example, the filter 500 can be implemented as a filter screen, etc. The mesh size of the filter screen can be reasonably set to intercept solid impurities such as paper scraps and reduce the impact on the transmission speed of the coolant 104.

[0070] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the pipe 310 may also be provided with a second vacuum interface (not shown), and the pipe 310 is provided with a second vacuum extraction pipe (not shown) connecting the coolant channel 311 and the second vacuum interface, forming a channel for taking out the trapped impurities to the outside of the pipe 310, so as to complete the cleaning of the impurities. When it is necessary to discharge the impurities, a vacuum container can be connected to the second vacuum interface through a pipeline with a switch valve, and the internal pressure of the vacuum container can be lower than the internal pressure of the coolant channel 311. When the switch valve is opened, the coolant 104 with impurities can be discharged.

[0071] In the above pipeline 310, when operations such as impurity removal are required, the pipeline 310 needs to be controlled to be shut off, so at least one solenoid valve is provided in the pipeline 310. Considering that the coolant channel 311 is wrapped in the vacuum layer 312 to isolate heat conduction, the solenoid valve can be exemplarily located in the vacuum layer 312.

[0072] like Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the valve opening and closing states of the electromagnetic valve 313 in the vacuum layer 312 are respectively shown. In this design, it is only necessary to lead out the power supply and signal lines of the electromagnetic valve 313 through the third vacuum lead-out tube (not shown) and the third vacuum interface, which has little effect on the structure of the vacuum layer 312. In some embodiments, during the process of discharging impurities, it is possible to consider refilling the coolant channel 311 with coolant to avoid the introduction of gas.

[0073] It should be noted that since the filter element 500 can intercept a certain volume of impurities, the possibility of impurities circulating back to the impurity detection area can be effectively reduced. Therefore, when setting the filter element 500, the calculation of "impurity weight removal" in the previous embodiment can be omitted; or the two methods can be used in parallel.

[0074] In some optional embodiments, in view of the possible presence of liquid impurities (such as liquid oxygen, etc.) in the coolant 104, the coolant 104 may be sampled to set a fourth vacuum interface (not shown) on the outer wall of the pipeline 310, and the pipeline 310 is provided with a fourth vacuum lead-out pipe (not shown) connecting the coolant channel 311 and the fourth vacuum interface, forming a channel for leading the coolant 104 sample to the material detector (not shown).

[0075] The substance detector can be communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal 600, and is at least used to detect liquid impurities in the coolant 104 sample and obtain second impurity data. The data processing terminal 600 is used to obtain an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable according to the impurity detection data including the first impurity data and the second impurity data. As an example, the second impurity data can be implemented as the content of liquid impurities in the sample, and different third risk levels are set corresponding to different contents, and the higher the content, the higher the third risk level.

[0076] like Figure 6As shown, a flow chart of a method for monitoring impurities in the coolant 104 of a superconducting cable system in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The method for monitoring impurities in the coolant 104 of a superconducting cable system can be applied to the superconducting cable system in the previous embodiment. Specifically, it can be implemented by a data processing terminal based on circuit hardware / software / hardware and software combination. It should be noted that the principle of the method for monitoring impurities in the coolant 104 can refer to the implementation of the coolant impurity monitoring system in the previous embodiment, so it will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0077] The process of the method includes:

[0078] Step S901: Acquire the impurity detection data;

[0079] Step S902: obtaining coolant quality information of the coolant in the superconducting cable according to the impurity detection data;

[0080] Step S903: obtaining and outputting an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable based on the coolant quality information.

[0081] It should be particularly noted that the process or method represented by the flowchart of the above embodiment of the present disclosure can be understood as representing a module, fragment or part of a code including one or more sets of executable instructions configured to implement the steps of a specific logical function or process. And the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure includes other implementations, in which the functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved.

[0082] For example, Figure 6 The order of the steps in the method embodiments may be changed in specific scenarios and is not limited to the above.

[0083] like Figure 7 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] The computer device 1000 may be, for example, a server, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a smart phone or other terminals, and may be used to implement the data processing terminal, the monitoring center or the user operation terminal in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0085] The computer device 1000 includes a bus 1001, a processor 1002, and a memory 1003. The processor 1002 and the memory 1003 can communicate with each other through the bus 1001. The memory 1003 may store program instructions. The processor 1002 implements the steps of the method in the previous embodiment by running the program instructions in the memory 1003, for example Figure 6 The method in the embodiment.

[0086] The bus 1001 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, although only one thick line is used in the figure, it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0087] In some embodiments, the processor 1002 may be implemented as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessing unit (MCU), a system on chip (System On Chip), or a field programmable logic array (FPGA). The memory 1003 may include a volatile memory (Volatile Memory) for temporary storage of data when running a program, such as a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM).

[0088] The memory 1003 may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) for data storage, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state disk (SSD).

[0089] In some embodiments, the computer device 1000 may further include a communicator 1004. The communicator 1004 is used to communicate with the outside. In a specific example, the communicator 1004 may include one or a group of wired and / or wireless communication circuit modules. For example, the communicator 1004 may include one or more of a wired network card, a USB module, a serial interface module, etc. The wireless communication protocols followed by the wireless communication module include: for example, near field communication (NFC) technology, infrared (IR) technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), etc. One or more.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may also be provided, storing program instructions, wherein the program instructions are executed when the program is executed. Figure 6 Steps of the method in the embodiment.

[0091] That is, the method steps in the above embodiments are implemented as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium (such as a CD ROM, RAM, floppy disk, hard disk or magneto-optical disk), or are implemented as computer code originally stored in a remote recording medium or a non-temporary machine-readable medium downloaded via a network and to be stored in a local recording medium, so that the method represented herein can be stored in such software processing on a recording medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware (such as an ASIC or FPGA).

[0092] In summary, the present disclosure provides a system and method for monitoring impurities in the coolant of a superconducting cable system in an embodiment, the system comprising: an impurity detection sensor unit, an impurity detection area provided in the coolant channel of the refrigeration system pipeline, for detecting impurities in the coolant passing through the detection area and outputting an impurity sensing signal; a data processing terminal, communicatively coupled to the impurity detection sensor unit, for obtaining impurity detection data, the impurity detection data comprising first impurity data obtained based on the impurity sensing signal, and obtaining impurity impact information according to the impurity detection data, the impurity impact information comprising: coolant quality information and / or damage information of the insulating material on the superconducting cable to which the impurities belong; obtaining and outputting an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable based on the impurity impact information. By configuring an impurity monitoring system in the refrigeration system of the coolant of the superconducting cable, it can help confirm whether the performance and operating state of the superconducting cable are abnormal and aging without affecting the operation of the superconducting cable, and can save time for rapid disposal, greatly improving the efficiency of abnormal discovery and positioning of the superconducting cable and its refrigeration system.

[0093] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present disclosure shall still be covered by the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A coolant impurity monitoring system for a superconducting cable system, characterized in that: The superconducting cable system comprises a refrigeration system for refrigerating a coolant in a superconducting cable; a pipeline inside or connected to the refrigeration system comprises a coolant channel and a vacuum layer surrounding the coolant channel; the system comprises: An impurity detection sensor unit is provided in an impurity detection area in the coolant channel, and is used to detect impurities in the coolant passing through the detection area and output an impurity sensing signal; at least one solenoid valve is provided on the coolant channel for opening or closing the coolant channel; the electrical circuit of the solenoid valve is led out of the pipeline through a third vacuum lead-out pipe connected to a third vacuum interface on the outer wall of the pipeline; a data processing terminal, communicatively coupled to the impurity detection sensing unit, for acquiring impurity detection data, the impurity detection data including first impurity data obtained based on the impurity sensing signal, and obtaining impurity impact information according to the impurity detection data, the impurity impact information including: coolant quality information and / or damage information of insulating materials on the superconducting cable to which the impurities belong; obtaining and outputting an evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable based on the impurity impact information; the first impurity data including: impurity amount and / or impurity amount change trend data; The impurity detection sensor unit is further used to obtain physical structure data of the detected impurities; the data processing terminal is used to obtain physical structure characteristics according to the physical structure data; The data processing terminal is further used to determine the coolant quality information according to the physical structure characteristics and the first impurity data, and / or to identify the detected impurity type according to the physical structure characteristics, and to predict and output the evaluation result of the insulation state of the superconducting cable based on the impurity data of impurities whose impurity types belong to the insulating layer material on the superconducting cable.

2. The coolant impurity monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impurity detection area is located in a liquid storage bend in the pipeline of the refrigeration system; and / or, a first vacuum interface is provided on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a first vacuum lead-out tube connecting the coolant channel and the first vacuum interface is provided in the pipeline, forming a channel for leading the electrical circuit of the impurity detection sensor unit to the outside of the pipeline.

3. The coolant impurity monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impurity detection area is provided with a filter element for intercepting impurities, and the impurity detection sensor unit is located upstream of the filter element.

4. The coolant impurity monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pipeline is provided with a second vacuum interface, and the pipeline is provided with a second vacuum lead-out pipe connecting the coolant channel and the second vacuum interface, forming a channel for taking out trapped impurities to the outside of the pipeline.

5. The coolant impurity monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pipeline is provided with a fourth vacuum interface for connecting to a material detector, and the pipeline is provided with a fourth vacuum lead-out tube connecting the coolant channel and the fourth vacuum interface, forming a channel for leading out a coolant sample to the material detector; the material detector is communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal, and is at least used to detect liquid impurities in the coolant sample and obtain second impurity data; the data processing terminal is used to obtain the insulation status information of the superconducting cable based on impurity detection data including the first impurity data and the second impurity data.

6. The coolant impurity monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A monitoring center communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal obtains and outputs an evaluation result of the operating status of the superconducting cable; And / or, a user operation terminal communicatively coupled to the data processing terminal or the monitoring center obtains and outputs an evaluation result of the operating status of the superconducting cable.

7. A method for monitoring impurities in coolant of a superconducting cable system, characterized in that: Applied to the coolant impurity monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: Acquiring the impurity detection data; obtaining coolant quality information of the coolant in the superconducting cable according to the impurity detection data; An evaluation result of the operating state of the superconducting cable is obtained based on the coolant quality information and outputted.

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