High-nutrient and high-activity compound biological fertilizer for chemical fertilizer and its preparation and application

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high nutrient high activity chemical fertilizer biological compound fertilizer and its preparation and application, belong to agricultural fertilizer technical field.The high nutrient high activity chemical fertilizer biological compound fertilizer of the present application includes inorganic fertilizer and microbial inoculant, the nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrient content of the chemical fertilizer biological compound fertilizer is greater than 40%, and microbial viable count is above 200 million cfu / g, also includes microbial protective agent, the mass ratio of the microbial protective agent and microbial inoculant is ≥1.The high nutrient high activity chemical fertilizer biological compound fertilizer product of the present application realizes the deep compound of chemical fertilizer and active microorganism, has multiple efficacy of chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, overcomes the neck blocking technical problem that chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer are incompatible in production, storage and transportation, use process, significantly improves chemical fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduces fertilizer use cost, solves the problem that microbial fertilizer cannot be generally used in field crops, integrates fertilizer yield and quality improvement, fertile soil and pollution prevention and other functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer and its preparation and application, belonging to the field of agricultural fertilizer technology. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical fertilizers are the "food of grains," contributing up to 50% to my country's grain production increase. They are the "ballast stone" for meeting the current grain production needs of 1.4 billion people and 670 million tons, ensuring national food security. However, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers has always been low, with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rates at only about 40% and 20%, respectively. Furthermore, the long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizers has led to soil compaction, a reduction in the types and quantities of soil microorganisms, damage to the soil ecosystem, impact on agricultural product quality, and environmental pollution, seriously threatening national food and ecological security. Microbial fertilizers refer to products containing specific living microorganisms. Through the metabolic activities of these microorganisms, they improve the physiological characteristics of plant growth, promote nutrient absorption, and thus promote growth and improve quality. Years of application have shown that problems such as strain survival and unstable field application effects still exist in production. Due to the price of microbial fertilizers, the dosage is low, generally 10-20 kg / mu. Applying them alone in the field results in uneven fertilization, insignificant fertilizer effects, and increased fertilization costs, leading to low farmer acceptance.

[0003] Studies have shown that the organic combination of beneficial microbial agents and chemical fertilizers can not only significantly improve nutrient utilization efficiency but also enhance crop quality, soil quality, and crop resistance. However, maintaining the high activity of beneficial microorganisms while uniformly mixing high-salt-index chemical fertilizers with live beneficial microorganisms to create a chemical-fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer remains a global challenge. In existing chemical-fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer preparation processes, the addition of microorganisms to chemical fertilizers is often hampered by factors such as high temperature, high salinity, and dryness, leading to the death of a large number of microorganisms. Therefore, to ensure the effectiveness of chemical-fertilizer-biocompound fertilizers, it is crucial to address the issue of microbial activity.

[0004] Patent document CN04591887A discloses a high-nutrient-content compound microbial fertilizer and its preparation method. The method involves mixing kaolin, humic acid, organic fertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer, granulating the mixture, and then coating the fertilizer granules with polyglutamic acid solution. This effectively prevents direct contact between the microbial strains and the inorganic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer provides a suitable environment and nutrients for the microorganisms, ensuring their survival rate and efficacy. The total nutrient content of the compound microbial fertilizer exceeds 15%. Patent document CN106478210A discloses a multifunctional compound microbial fertilizer and its preparation method. This multifunctional compound microbial fertilizer combines fermented furfural residue, fermented mushroom residue, wood ash, and other organic materials in a specific ratio to provide a suitable environment and nutrients for the microorganisms, stimulating them to produce active substances. This improves the activity of their metabolites, ensuring the survival rate and efficacy of the strains, and allowing them to better exert their effects.

[0005] The fertilizers prepared by the two patents mentioned above are compound microbial fertilizers. Due to the limitation of organic raw materials, the price of this type of fertilizer is relatively high, generally priced at 1500-2500 yuan / ton, and is mainly used for crops with high economic value such as vegetables and fruit trees. Moreover, this type of fertilizer cannot provide all the nutrients needed for crop growth, and it is still necessary to apply some chemical fertilizers in combination. In the existing preparation process of compound microbial fertilizers, there are two ways to add microorganisms. One is to mix the inoculum with traditional fertilizers and granulate them, and the other is to spray the inoculum after granulation. The process of adding microorganisms during granulation is prone to microbial death due to high temperature and high salt, and inorganic fertilizers, especially high nitrogen, have a strong killing effect on microorganisms. The spraying method has a higher survival rate of microorganisms, but there are still problems such as the inability to store microbial fertilizers for a long time, short shelf life, a significant decrease in the number of live bacteria in a short period of time, and the shedding of microbial powder due to friction of granules during storage and transportation.

[0006] Due to the continuous return of crop straw to the field for many years, the soil contains abundant organic matter, creating an urgent need for microbial agents that accelerate straw decomposition, promote nutrient decomposition, and prevent soil-borne diseases such as root rot in wheat and corn. Therefore, preparing fertilizers with high nutrient content and containing highly active functional microbial agents, and enabling the simultaneous application of both to the soil, is one of the effective measures to address low fertilizer utilization and improve crop nutrient absorption. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer and its preparation. This invention also provides the application of the aforementioned high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer in crops. Invention Overview:

[0009] This invention prepares a high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer with a nutrient content of 40-55% and a live microbial count of over 200 million CFU / g by mixing and granulating chemical fertilizers with functional microbial agents and microbial protectants.

[0010] Terminology Explanation:

[0011] Room temperature, as is known in the art, is generally 23±3℃.

[0012] The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients refers to the content of N, P2O5, and K2O.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer and microbial inoculant, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content of the chemical-biological compound fertilizer is greater than 40%, and the number of live microorganisms is greater than 200 million CFU / g.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content of the high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is 40-55%, and the number of viable microorganisms is 200-1 billion CFU / g.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer further includes a microbial protectant, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial protectant to the microbial inoculant is ≥1.

[0017] More preferably, the mass ratio of the microbial protectant to the microbial inoculant is (1-100):1.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic fertilizer includes inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic potassium fertilizer, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 15-55 parts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, 20-50 parts of inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and 10-50 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer.

[0019] More preferably, the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer includes urea and ammonium sulfate; the inorganic phosphate fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; and the inorganic potassium fertilizer includes potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and potassium nitrate.

[0020] In this invention, the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, inorganic phosphate fertilizer, and inorganic potassium fertilizer are all commercially available products.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial agent mainly includes at least one of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis.

[0022] More preferably, the microbial agent also includes one or more of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus brevis lateralis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Trichoderma harzianum.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial protectant mainly comprises fucoidan oligosaccharides and tetrahydropyrimidine.

[0024] More preferably, the microbial protectant also includes at least one of burdock oligosaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide, amino acids, vegetable oil, fumaric acid, and citric acid.

[0025] More preferably, the mass fractions of each component in the microbial protectant are: 65-85 parts of fucoidan, 4-6 parts of burdock oligosaccharide, 6-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 6-10 parts of amino acids, 5-10 parts of vegetable oil, 5-8 parts of tetrahydropyrimidine, 8-10 parts of fumaric acid, and 6-10 parts of citric acid.

[0026] More preferably, the molecular weight of the fucoidan is below 2000 Da, the degree of polymerization is 2-20, and the 2-6 sugar content reaches more than 70%.

[0027] More preferably, the degree of polymerization of the burdock oligosaccharide is 10-15.

[0028] More preferably, the amino acid includes one or more of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and phenylalanine.

[0029] More preferably, the types of vegetable oils include soybean oil and / or castor oil.

[0030] The brown algae oligosaccharides, burdock oligosaccharides, chitosan oligosaccharides, amino acids, vegetable oils, tetrahydropyrimidine, fumaric acid, and citric acid used in this invention can all be commercially available products.

[0031] More preferably, the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the raw materials of each component of the microbial protectant and mixing them thoroughly.

[0032] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0033] Microbial inoculants and microbial protectants are mixed and then uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials. The mixture is granulated, sphericalized, sieved, and packaged to obtain a high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer particles are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0035] The application of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer in crop soil fertilization.

[0036] In this invention, the high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer can be used for soil fertilization of crops such as rice, wheat, corn, legumes, vegetables and fruit trees. It has a significant promoting effect on crop yield, quality improvement, stress resistance, soil efficiency, fertility, pollution prevention, and fertilizer utilization.

[0037] Depending on the specific uses of the high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer, its application methods can be adapted accordingly, such as:

[0038] 1. High-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer varieties

[0039] Based on the specific crop's nutrient requirements and soil characteristics, select crop-specific, soil-adapted, high-nutrient, high-activity chemical and biological compound fertilizers.

[0040] 2. Application rate

[0041] Based on the target yield, and taking into account the cultivation conditions and the maximum yield limit of the crop, the target yield is increased by 10%-15% from the average yield of the past three years; if the yield is kept stable, the amount of fertilizer used can be reduced to 80%-90% of the original amount of conventional compound fertilizer.

[0042] 3. Application method

[0043] Apply fertilizer and seeds simultaneously, or use mechanical or manual methods for one-time application. When sowing seeds and fertilizer together, maintain a vertical and horizontal spacing of 8-10 cm to prevent burning the seeds. After application, till the soil or cover it with soil.

[0044] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0045] 1. The fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer of this invention has high nutrient content and strong microbial activity. The fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer refers to a compound fertilizer containing both high-concentration inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and active microbial agents. In the preferred technical solution, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content of the fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is above 40%, the microbial count is 2 to 1 billion CFU / g, and the mass ratio of the microbial protectant (mainly made of brown algae oligosaccharides) to the microbial agent is (1-100):1. After 12 months of storage, the microbial count of the fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer remains at 2 × 10⁻⁶. 8 When the concentration of microorganisms in the fertilizer exceeds 10 CFU / g, the number of microorganisms shows an increasing trend after 10 days of application into the soil. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content and the number of microorganisms in the chemical fertilizer-bio-compound fertilizer are at least 15% and 180 million CFU / g higher, respectively, than the standard for compound microbial fertilizers (NY / T798-2015).

[0046] 2. The high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer product of this invention achieves deep integration of chemical fertilizer and active microorganisms, possessing multiple functions of both chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. It overcomes the bottleneck technical problem of incompatibility between chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer in production, storage, transportation, and use, significantly improves fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduces fertilizer usage costs, solves the problem of the inability to widely use microbial fertilizers for field crops, and integrates functions such as fertilizer yield increase and quality improvement, soil fertility and pollution prevention, providing technical and product support for fertilizer upgrading and the green and sustainable development of agriculture.

[0047] 3. The high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer and biological compound fertilizer product of this invention realizes the combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and the matching of good seeds, good fertilizers and good methods, saving time, labor and effort, and improving efficiency. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but is not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, all amounts of raw materials are parts by weight.

[0049] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer and microbial agents, with a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content of more than 40% and a microbial viable count of more than 200 million CFU / g.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content in the high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is 40-55%; more preferably 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%, or 52%.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of viable microorganisms in the high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is 200 million to 1 billion CFU / g; more preferably, it is 200 million to 1 billion CFU / g.

[0052] The aforementioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer also includes a microbial protectant, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial protectant to the microbial inoculant is ≥1.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the microbial protectant to the microbial inoculant is (1-100):1; more preferably 1:1, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, 60:1, 70:1, 80:1, 90:1, or 100:1.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial agent mainly includes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (e.g., ACCC60428, ACCC10167, ACCC60382) and Bacillus subtilis (e.g., ACCC60364, KC2023Hb).

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial agent further includes one or more of Bacillus megaterium (e.g., JD2023Hb), Bacillus mucilaginosa (e.g., CGMCC No. 17376), Bacillus lateralis (e.g., CGMCC No. 17377, ACCC11079), Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Trichoderma harzianum.

[0056] The presence of Bacillus megaterium JD2023Hb and Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb can further enhance the tolerance of other microorganisms to high concentrations of inorganic fertilizers and improve the protective effect on other microorganisms. The preservation number of Bacillus megaterium JD2023Hb is CGMCC NO.29498, and the preservation number of Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb is CGMCC NO.29499.

[0057] In the examples, the molecular weight of the brown algae oligosaccharides is below 2000 Da, the degree of polymerization is 2-20, and the 2-6 sugar content reaches more than 70%. They are obtained by fermenting brown algae, seaweed, and other marine plants. The preparation method can be found in patent document CN 112342255 A, or they can be obtained commercially.

[0058] In this example, the degree of polymerization of burdock oligosaccharides was 13, and they were extracted from secondary burdock roots using an enzymatic method. The dried burdock root sample was pulverized, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and extracted with hot water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 at 70°C for 90 minutes per extraction. The extract was then filtered, decolorized with activated charcoal, concentrated using a rotary evaporator, deproteinized using the papain-seveage method, precipitated with ethanol, centrifuged, washed multiple times, centrifuged again, and freeze-dried to obtain burdock oligosaccharide powder. It can also be commercially available.

[0059] The vegetable oil used in the examples is soybean oil or castor oil, which are commercially available products.

[0060] In the examples, chitosan oligosaccharide, tetrahydropyrimidine, fumaric acid, and citric acid were all commercially available products.

[0061] The inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, inorganic phosphate fertilizer, and inorganic potassium fertilizer used in the examples are all commercially available products.

[0062] All bacterial strains mentioned in the examples are publicly available strains and do not involve microbial preservation. All bacterial agents mentioned in the examples were processed by Lihaoyuan Bioengineering Co., Ltd.

[0063] Example 1: High-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer suitable for planting summer maize in saline-alkali soil

[0064] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants;

[0065] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 42.8 parts urea, 10 parts ammonium sulfate, 28 parts monoammonium phosphate, and 15 parts potassium sulfate.

[0066] The microbial agents include: Bacillus subtilis ACCC60364 agent and Bacillus colloidis CGMCCNo.17376 agent; the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, and the viable count of the Bacillus colloidis agent is 20 billion CFU / g; the mass composition of the microbial agents is: 0.32 parts of Bacillus subtilis agent and 1.18 parts of Bacillus colloidis agent;

[0067] The microbial protectant has a mass fraction of 2.7 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of fucoidan, chitosan oligosaccharide, soybean oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:7:6:6:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0068] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0069] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained. The resulting fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer granules are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0070] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 24.9%, 12.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. The theoretical values ​​of viable Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosa were 640 million CFU / g and 240 million CFU / g, respectively. The content of microbial protectant was 0.54%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0071] After the above-mentioned chemical-biological compound fertilizer was stored at room temperature for one day, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis was 620 million CFU / g, and the viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus was 220 million CFU / g. After being stored at room temperature for 12 months, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis was 612 million CFU / g, and the viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus was 206 million CFU / g. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-biological compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis in the soil was 412,000 CFU / g soil, and the number of live Bacillus colloidis was 148,000 CFU / g soil.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants;

[0074] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 42.75 parts urea, 10 parts ammonium sulfate, 28 parts monoammonium phosphate, and 15 parts potassium sulfate.

[0075] The microbial agents include: Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb agent and Bacillus colloidioides CGMCC No.17376 agent; the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, and the viable count of the Bacillus colloidioides agent is 20 billion CFU / g; the mass composition of the microbial agents is: 0.25 parts of Bacillus subtilis agent and 1.3 parts of Bacillus colloidioides agent;

[0076] The microbial protectant has a mass fraction of 2.7 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of fucoidan, chitosan oligosaccharide, soybean oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:7:6:6:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0077] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0078] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained. The resulting fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer granules are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0079] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 24.8%, 12.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. The theoretical values ​​of viable Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosa were 500 million CFU / g and 260 million CFU / g, respectively. The content of microbial protectant was 0.54%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0080] After one day of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus were measured to be 480 million CFU / g and 240 million CFU / g, respectively. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus were 425 million CFU / g and 213 million CFU / g, respectively. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-biological compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis in the soil was 356,000 CFU / g soil and the number of live Bacillus colloidis was 199,000 CFU / g soil.

[0081] Example 3:

[0082] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants;

[0083] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 42.6 parts urea, 10 parts ammonium sulfate, 28 parts monoammonium phosphate, and 15 parts potassium sulfate.

[0084] The microbial agents include: Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb agent, Bacillus mucilaginosus CGMCC No.17376 agent, and Bacillus megaterium JD2023Hb agent; the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, the viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus agent is 20 billion CFU / g, and the viable count of the Bacillus megaterium agent is 100 billion CFU / g; the mass composition of the microbial agents is: 0.2 parts of Bacillus subtilis agent, 1.3 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosus agent, and 0.2 parts of Bacillus megaterium agent;

[0085] The microbial protectant has a mass fraction of 2.7 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of fucoidan, chitosan oligosaccharide, soybean oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:7:6:6:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0086] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0087] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained. The resulting fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer granules are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0088] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 24.8%, 12.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. The theoretical values ​​of viable bacteria counts of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Bacillus megaterium were 400 million CFU / g, 260 million CFU / g, and 200 million CFU / g, respectively. The content of microbial protectant was 0.54%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0089] After the above-mentioned chemical-biological compound fertilizer was stored at room temperature for one day, the viable cell counts of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Bacillus megaterium were measured to be 380 million CFU / g, 240 million CFU / g, and 170 million CFU / g, respectively. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable cell counts of Bacillus subtilis were 305 million CFU / g, Bacillus mucilaginosus were 226 million CFU / g, and Bacillus megaterium were 121 million CFU / g. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-biological compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis in the soil was 226,000 CFU / g soil, the number of live Bacillus mucilaginosus was 203,000 CFU / g soil, and the number of live Bacillus megaterium was 138,000 CFU / g soil.

[0090] The above results indicate that the coexistence of Bacillus megaterium JD2023Hb and Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb can further improve the tolerance of microbial agents to high concentrations of inorganic fertilizers and enhance the biological activity of the microbial agents.

[0091] Comparative Example 1:

[0092] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants. Compared with Example 1, the composition of the microbial protectants is slightly different.

[0093] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 42.8 parts urea, 10 parts ammonium sulfate, 28 parts monoammonium phosphate, and 15 parts potassium sulfate.

[0094] The microbial agents include: Bacillus subtilis ACCC60364 agent and Bacillus colloidis CGMCCNo.17376 agent; the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, and the viable count of the Bacillus colloidis agent is 20 billion CFU / g; the mass composition of the microbial agents is: 0.32 parts of Bacillus subtilis agent and 1.18 parts of Bacillus colloidis agent;

[0095] The microbial protectant has a mass fraction of 2.7 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of burdock oligosaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide, soybean oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:7:6:6:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0096] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0097] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then dry-granulated under low temperature and high pressure. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not destroy the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0098] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 24.9%, 12.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. The theoretical values ​​of viable Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosa were 640 million CFU / g and 240 million CFU / g, respectively. The content of microbial protectant was 0.54%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0099] After one day of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus were measured to be 620 million CFU / g and 220 million CFU / g, respectively. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus were 586 million CFU / g and 193 million CFU / g, respectively. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis in the soil was 407,000 CFU / g soil, and the number of live Bacillus spp. was 143,000 CFU / g soil.

[0100] Comparative Example 2:

[0101] A chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer, compared with Example 1, includes inorganic fertilizer and microbial inoculant, but does not include microbial protectant;

[0102] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 45.5 parts urea, 10 parts ammonium sulfate, 28 parts monoammonium phosphate, and 15 parts potassium sulfate.

[0103] The microbial agents include: Bacillus subtilis ACCC60364 agent and Bacillus colloidis CGMCCNo.17376 agent; the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, and the viable count of the Bacillus colloidis agent is 20 billion CFU / g; the mass composition of the microbial agents is: 0.32 parts of Bacillus subtilis agent and 1.18 parts of Bacillus colloidis agent;

[0104] The preparation method of the above-mentioned chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0105] The above-mentioned powdered microbial inoculant is uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of the microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, the fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained.

[0106] The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient contents of the obtained chemical-biological compound fertilizer were 26.1%, 12.3%, and 7.8%, respectively, and the theoretical values ​​of the viable bacteria counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosa were 640 million CFU / g and 240 million CFU / g, respectively.

[0107] After one day of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus were measured to be 500 million CFU / g and 130 million CFU / g, respectively. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus were 332 million CFU / g and 56 million CFU / g, respectively. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis in the soil was 201,000 CFU / g soil and the number of live Bacillus colloidis was 86,000 CFU / g soil.

[0108] The above results indicate that without the use of microbial protectants, microbial agents will cause the death of a large number of microorganisms when mixed with inorganic fertilizers for granulation. Furthermore, the activity of microorganisms cannot be maintained during the storage of chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizers, and the number of viable microorganisms continues to decline.

[0109] Example 4: High-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer suitable for planting summer maize in acidic soil

[0110] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants;

[0111] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 45 parts urea, 28.6 parts diammonium phosphate, and 23 parts potassium chloride.

[0112] The microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis ACCC19742 agent, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, and the mass fraction of the microbial agent is 0.4 parts;

[0113] The microbial protectant has a mass ratio of 3 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of brown algae oligosaccharide, castor oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:6:5:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0114] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0115] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained. The resulting fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer granules are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0116] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 25.8%, 13.2%, and 12.7%, respectively. The theoretical value of the number of viable Bacillus subtilis bacteria was 800 million CFU / g, and the content of microbial protectant was 0.6%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0117] After the above-mentioned chemical-based bio-compound fertilizer was stored at room temperature for one day, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 730 million CFU / g. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 635 million CFU / g. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-based bio-compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the soil was 562,000 CFU / g soil.

[0118] Example 5:

[0119] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants;

[0120] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 45 parts urea, 28.6 parts diammonium phosphate, and 23 parts potassium chloride.

[0121] The microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb inoculum, with a viable count of 200 billion CFU / g and a mass fraction of 0.4 parts.

[0122] The microbial protectant has a mass ratio of 3 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of brown algae oligosaccharide, castor oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:6:5:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0123] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0124] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained. The resulting fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer granules are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0125] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 25.8%, 13.2%, and 12.7%, respectively. The theoretical value of the number of viable Bacillus subtilis bacteria was 800 million CFU / g, and the content of microbial protectant was 0.6%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0126] After the above-mentioned chemical-biological compound fertilizer was stored at room temperature for one day, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 710 million CFU / g. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 612 million CFU / g. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-biological compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the soil was 553,000 CFU / g soil.

[0127] Example 6:

[0128] A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants;

[0129] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 45 parts urea, 28.4 parts diammonium phosphate, and 23 parts potassium chloride.

[0130] The microbial agents include: Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb agent and Bacillus megaterium JD2023Hb agent. The viable count of the Bacillus subtilis agent is 200 billion CFU / g, and the viable count of the Bacillus megaterium agent is 100 billion CFU / g. The mass composition of the microbial agents is: 0.4 parts of Bacillus subtilis agent and 0.2 parts of Bacillus megaterium agent.

[0131] The microbial protectant has a mass ratio of 3 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of brown algae oligosaccharide, castor oil, tetrahydropyrimidine, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:6:5:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0132] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0133] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained. The resulting fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer granules are round, with a particle size of 2.8–4.75 mm and a hardness of 30–40 N.

[0134] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 25.8%, 13.1%, and 12.7%, respectively. The theoretical value of the number of viable Bacillus subtilis was 800 million CFU / g, the theoretical value of the number of viable Bacillus megaterium was 200 million CFU / g, and the content of microbial protectant was 0.6%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0135] After one day of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium were measured to be 750 million CFU / g and 160 million CFU / g, respectively. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable counts of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium were 690 million CFU / g and 106 million CFU / g, respectively. The application rate of the fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer in the soil was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis in the soil was 560,000 CFU / g soil, and the number of live Bacillus megaterium was 102,000 CFU / g soil.

[0136] The above results indicate that the coexistence of Bacillus megaterium JD2023Hb and Bacillus subtilis KC2023Hb can further improve the tolerance of microbial agents to high concentrations of inorganic fertilizers and enhance the biological activity of the microbial agents.

[0137] Comparative Example 3:

[0138] A chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes inorganic fertilizer, microbial inoculants, and microbial protectants. Unlike Example 4, the composition of the microbial protectants is slightly different.

[0139] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 45 parts urea, 28.6 parts diammonium phosphate, and 23 parts potassium chloride.

[0140] The microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis ACCC19742, with a viable count of 200 billion CFU / g and a mass fraction of 0.4 parts.

[0141] The microbial protectant has a mass fraction of 3 parts; the microbial protectant is composed of brown algae oligosaccharide, castor oil, trehalose, and citric acid in a mass ratio of 80:6:5:9; the microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the above-mentioned raw materials, stirring and mixing them evenly.

[0142] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0143] After mixing powdered microbial inoculants and microbial protectants, they are uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then dry-granulated under low temperature and high pressure. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not destroy the activity of microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, a high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0144] The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer contained nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of 25.8%, 13.2%, and 12.7%, respectively. The theoretical value of the number of viable Bacillus subtilis bacteria was 800 million CFU / g, and the content of microbial protectant was 0.6%, calculated as oligosaccharide content.

[0145] After the above-mentioned chemical-based bio-compound fertilizer was stored at room temperature for one day, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 720 million CFU / g. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 615 million CFU / g. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-based bio-compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the soil was 552,000 CFU / g soil.

[0146] The above results indicate that, compared with Example 4, replacing tetrahydropyrimidine in the microbial protectant with trehalose, although both can stabilize the protein structure of the strain, the microbial protectant in Example 4 has a better protective effect on the microbial agent.

[0147] Comparative Example 4:

[0148] A chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer, which differs from Example 4 in that it includes inorganic fertilizer and microbial inoculants, but does not include microbial protectants;

[0149] The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 45 parts urea, 31.6 parts diammonium phosphate, and 23 parts potassium chloride.

[0150] The microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis ACCC19742, with a viable count of 200 billion CFU / g and a mass fraction of 0.4 parts.

[0151] The preparation method of the above-mentioned chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0152] The above-mentioned powdered microbial inoculant is uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials without adding binders or water. The mixture is then granulated using a low-temperature, high-pressure dry method. The mixture is then dry-pressed into granules at room temperature. The granulation process does not damage the activity of the microorganisms and extracts. After rounding, sieving, and packaging, the fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is obtained.

[0153] The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient contents of the obtained chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer were 26.4%, 14.5%, and 12.7%, respectively, and the theoretical value of the number of viable Bacillus subtilis bacteria was 800 million CFU / g.

[0154] After the above-mentioned chemical-based bio-compound fertilizer was stored at room temperature for one day, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 520 million CFU / g. After 12 months of storage at room temperature, the viable Bacillus subtilis count was 298 million CFU / g. When applied to the soil, the application rate of the chemical-based bio-compound fertilizer was 100 kg / 667 m². 2 Ten days later, the number of live Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the soil was 262,000 CFU / g soil.

[0155] The above results indicate that without the use of microbial protectants, microbial agents will cause the death of a large number of microorganisms when mixed with inorganic fertilizers for granulation. Furthermore, the activity of microorganisms cannot be maintained during the storage of chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizers, and the number of viable microorganisms continues to decline.

[0156] Example 7: Application Effect Experiment

[0157] Example 1: Application effect of high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biocompound fertilizer on summer maize planted in saline-alkali soil

[0158] 1. Experimental Materials and Methods:

[0159] Field trial location: Changyi City, Weifang City, Shandong Province. Time: June-October 2020. Test crop: Summer maize, Denghai 605. Test fertilizers: Chemical fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O-microbial inoculant) from Example 1, with N-P2O5-K2O-840 million CFU / g respectively; ordinary compound fertilizer, with N-P2O5-K2O-840 million CFU / g; urea (N 46%); superphosphate (P2O5 42%); potassium sulfate (K2O 52%). Test plot: Soil type: saline-alkali soil; topsoil pH 8.27; organic matter content 14.15 g / kg; available nitrogen 10.8 mg / kg; available phosphorus 12.07 mg / kg; available potassium 183.0 mg / kg.

[0160] Experimental Design: A large-area design was adopted, with a total of 6 treatments: (1) CK, no fertilizer; (2) N0, no nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium inputs were the same as farmers' habits; (3) P0, no phosphorus fertilizer, nitrogen and potassium inputs were the same as farmers' habits; (4) K0, no potassium fertilizer, nitrogen and phosphorus inputs were the same as farmers' habits; (5) FP, farmers' habits, ordinary compound fertilizer, N-P2O5-K2O were 24.9-12.3-7.8 respectively; (6) HSF1, fertilizer of Example 1. Each treatment area was 5 mu.

[0161] Fertilizer application method: Following farmer practice and the fertilizer application rate in Example 1, the application rate is 60 kg / mu. The fertilizer application rates for the N0, P0, and K0 treatments are 17.6 kg / mu of superphosphate + 9 kg / mu of potassium sulfate, 32.4 kg / mu of urea + 9 kg / mu of potassium sulfate, and 32.4 kg / mu of urea + 17.6 kg / mu of superphosphate, respectively. All fertilizers are applied at once, using mechanical seed-fertilizer co-sowing.

[0162] Measurement indicators: corn kernel and straw yield; N, P, and K content of straw and kernels, based on which fertilizer utilization rate is calculated; available NPK, pH, and organic matter in the soil at 0-20cm depth during corn maturity.

[0163] 2. Results and Analysis

[0164] 2.1 Effects of different fertilization treatments on maize yield and fertilizer utilization rate

[0165] Table 1 shows that the fertilizer applied in Example 1 increased yield by 13.28% compared to the conventional fertilization treatment. The yield of the fertilized treatment was significantly higher than that of the unfertilized and nutrient-incomplete fertilizer treatments. The fertilizer applied in Example 1 increased the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers by 6.3, 11.8, and 12.4 percentage points, respectively, compared to the conventional fertilization treatment.

[0166] Table 1. Effects of different treatments on maize grain yield and fertilizer utilization.

[0167]

[0168] Note: Different letters in the same column indicate a significance level of 5%. The same applies below.

[0169] 2.2 Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nutrients after maize harvest

[0170] Table 2 shows that the contents of available phosphorus and readily available potassium in the soil under the no-fertilizer treatment and the phosphorus-free and potassium-free treatments decreased significantly. The soil treated with the fertilizer from Example 1 showed increased phosphorus and potassium levels, with increases of 10.65% and 5.62%, respectively; organic matter increased by 4.14%, but the difference was not significant.

[0171] Table 2. Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients, organic matter, and pH after maize harvest.

[0172]

[0173] 3. Conclusion

[0174] The fertilizer applied in Example 1 increased yield by 13.28% compared to the treatment where farmers were fertilizing in the traditional way; the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers increased by 6.3, 11.8, and 12.4 percentage points, respectively; and soil phosphorus and potassium levels increased by 10.65% and 5.62%, respectively.

[0175] Example 8: Application Effect Experiment

[0176] Example 4: Application effect of high-nutrient, high-activity chemical fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer on summer maize planted in acidic soil.

[0177] 1. Experimental Materials and Methods:

[0178] Field trial location: Zhifu District, Yantai City, Shandong Province. Time: June-October 2021. Test crop: Summer maize, Denghai 605. Test fertilizers: Chemical fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O-microbial inoculant) from Example 4, with N-P2O5-K2O-730 million CFU / g respectively; ordinary compound fertilizer, with N-P2O5-K2O-730 million CFU / g; urea (N 46%); superphosphate (P2O5 42%); potassium chloride (K2O 55%). Test plot: Soil type: brown soil; topsoil pH 6.3; organic matter content 13.2 g / kg; available nitrogen 68.9 mg / kg; available phosphorus 10.3 mg / kg; available potassium 112.0 mg / kg.

[0179] Experimental Design: A large-area design was adopted, with a total of 6 treatments: (1) CK, no fertilizer; (2) N0, no nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium inputs were the same as farmers' habits; (3) P0, no phosphorus fertilizer, nitrogen and potassium inputs were the same as farmers' habits; (4) K0, no potassium fertilizer, nitrogen and phosphorus inputs were the same as farmers' habits; (5) FP, farmers' habits, ordinary compound fertilizer, N-P2O5-K2O were 25.8-13.2-12.7 respectively; (6) HSF2, fertilizer of Example 4. Each treatment area was 3 mu.

[0180] Fertilizer application method: Following farmer practice and the fertilizer application rate in Example 4, the application rate is 50 kg / mu. The fertilizer application rates for the N0, P0, and K0 treatments are 15.7 kg / mu of superphosphate + 12.2 kg / mu of potassium chloride, 28 kg / mu of urea + 12.2 kg / mu of potassium chloride, and 28 kg / mu of urea + 15.7 kg / mu of superphosphate, respectively. All fertilizers are applied at once, using mechanical seed-fertilizer co-sowing.

[0181] Measurement indicators: corn kernel and straw yield; N, P, and K content of straw and kernels, based on which fertilizer utilization rate is calculated; available NPK, pH, and organic matter in the soil at 0-20cm depth during corn maturity.

[0182] 2. Results and Analysis

[0183] 2.1 Effects of different fertilization treatments on maize yield and fertilizer utilization rate

[0184] Table 3 shows that the fertilizer applied in Example 4 increased yield by 14.3% compared to the conventional fertilization treatment. The yield of the fertilized treatment was significantly higher than that of the unfertilized and nutrient-incomplete fertilizer treatments. The fertilizer applied in Example 4 increased the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers by 8.8, 13.2, and 15.0 percentage points, respectively, compared to the conventional fertilization treatment.

[0185] Table 3. Effects of different treatments on maize grain yield and fertilizer utilization.

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] 2.2 Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nutrients after maize harvest

[0189] Table 4 shows that the available phosphorus and readily available potassium content in the soils treated with no fertilizer and those without phosphorus or potassium decreased significantly. In the soil treated with the fertilizer from Example 4, phosphorus and potassium levels increased by 11.16% and 8.82%, respectively. Organic matter increased by 3.17%, but the difference was not significant.

[0190] Table 4. Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients, organic matter, and pH after maize harvest.

[0191]

[0192] 3. Conclusion

[0193] The fertilizer applied in Example 4 increased yield by 14.3% compared to the treatments farmers typically use; the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers increased by 8.8, 13.2, and 15.0 percentage points, respectively; and soil phosphorus and potassium levels increased by 11.16% and 8.82%, respectively.

Claims

1. A high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes inorganic fertilizers and microbial agents, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content of the fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer is greater than 40%, and the number of live microorganisms is greater than 200 million CFU / g; The chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer also includes a microbial protectant, the components of which and their mass fractions are as follows: 65-85 parts of brown algae oligosaccharide, 4-6 parts of burdock oligosaccharide, 6-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 6-10 parts of amino acids, 5-10 parts of vegetable oil, 5-8 parts of tetrahydropyrimidine, 8-10 parts of fumaric acid, and 6-10 parts of citric acid.

2. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer has a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of greater than 40% and less than or equal to 50%, and a microbial viable count of 200 million to 1 billion CFU / g.

3. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the microbial protectant to the microbial inoculant is ≥1.

4. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the microbial protectant to the microbial inoculant is (1-100):

1.

5. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic fertilizer includes inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic potassium fertilizer, and the mass composition of the inorganic fertilizer includes: 15-55 parts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, 20-50 parts of inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and 10-50 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer.

6. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inorganic nitrogen fertilizer includes urea and ammonium sulfate; the inorganic phosphate fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; and the inorganic potassium fertilizer includes potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and potassium nitrate.

7. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agents mainly include at least one of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis.

8. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The microbial agent also includes one or more of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus brevis lateralis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Trichoderma harzianum.

9. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molecular weight of the algae oligosaccharide is below 2000 Da, the degree of polymerization is 2-20, and the 2-6 sugar content reaches more than 70%.

10. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The degree of polymerization of the burdock oligosaccharide is 10-15.

11. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The amino acids include one or more of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and phenylalanine.

12. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The types of vegetable oils include: soybean oil and / or castor oil.

13. The chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial protectant is obtained by quantitatively obtaining the raw materials of each component of the microbial protectant and mixing them thoroughly.

14. The method for preparing the chemical fertilizer-biocompound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Microbial inoculants and microbial protectants are mixed and then uniformly mixed with inorganic fertilizer raw materials. The mixture is granulated, sphericalized, sieved, and packaged to obtain a high-nutrient, high-activity bio-compound fertilizer.

15. The preparation method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The resulting chemical-biological compound fertilizer particles are round, with a particle size of 2.8~4.75mm and a hardness of 30~40N.

16. The application of the high-nutrient, high-activity chemical-biological compound fertilizer as described in claim 1 in crop soil fertilization.

17. The application as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The crops include rice, wheat, corn, legumes, vegetables, and fruit trees.

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