Field crop cultivation apparatus and field crop cultivation method

Abstract

To provide an epoch-making field crop cultivation device and a field crop cultivation method capable of performing hydroponics and soil cultivation in parallel.SOLUTION: To provide an apparatus for cultivating field crops, constituted so that the roots of the field crops growing in culture soil of a cultivation tank part reach a lower water storage tank part through a root passing part of a root passing soil supporting bottom part of the bottom part and are spread in the water storage tank part, and the field crops are hydroponically cultivated while being subjected to soil culture.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a new crop cultivation device and method that allows agricultural crops to be cultivated by two cultivation methods, soil cultivation using soil and hydroponics using water, from the time when seedlings or seeds of tomatoes, for example, are planted or sown, until they take root or germinate and are harvested, i.e., agricultural crops can be cultivated both in soil and hydroponics. [Background technology]

[0002] There are three main methods for growing crops such as tomatoes: soil cultivation, in which the field soil is plowed and ridges are made on the bottom of the field with culture medium (cultivated potting soil mixed with base fertilizer), and seedlings or seeds are planted on top of these ridges, allowing the plants to take root and germinate before being harvested; hydroponic cultivation, in which roots are developed in a hydroponic cultivation tank (water storage tank) that stores cultivation water (solution) containing liquid fertilizer and creates a gentle current, allowing the plants to grow and be harvested; and drip cultivation, which uses rock wool as a culture medium. However, each of these cultivation methods has its advantages and disadvantages, and no efforts have been made to eliminate these disadvantages and make the most of the advantages.

[0003] That is, in soil cultivation, there is the inconvenience of having to rotate crops to avoid the problems that occur when the same crop is grown repeatedly in the same furrow medium, and in hydroponics and drip cultivation using rockwool medium, crops are grown in water with dissolved liquid fertilizer rather than soil as the medium, which means that the crops are generally watery, lack body, and have little flavor.In addition, in drip cultivation using this method, the rockwool medium must be disposed of after each crop, which is contrary to the SDGs.In addition, recent cultivation methods using ICT have the inconvenience of large initial equipment costs, and the liquid fertilizer causes crops to lack body and have little flavor.No cultivation method has been created that can completely eliminate all of these issues. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The present invention aims to solve these problems by providing an unprecedented, revolutionary crop cultivation device and crop cultivation method that allows hydroponic cultivation and soil cultivation to be carried out in parallel, thereby resolving or alleviating the above-mentioned inconveniences. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The gist of the present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0006] The present invention is configured such that a soil cultivation section 4 consisting of a cultivation tank section 3 for storing soil or culture medium for cultivating agricultural crops is provided above a hydroponic cultivation section 2 consisting of a water storage tank section 1 for storing water or a solution for cultivating agricultural crops, The soil support bottom supporting the soil or the culture soil in the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4 is configured as a root-passing soil support bottom 5 having water permeability and provided with a root-passing section 7 through which the roots 6 of the growing crops cultivated in the cultivation tank section 3 pass, The roots 6 of the crops cultivated in the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4 take root and grow and spread in the soil or the culture medium stored in the cultivation tank section 3. The roots 6 reach the water storage tank section 1 of the hydroponic cultivation section 2 below through the root passage section 7 of the root passage soil support bottom section 5, and spread in the water or the solution stored in the water storage tank section 1, so that the crops are cultivated hydroponically while being cultivated in soil. A crop cultivation device, comprising: The cultivation device forming section 11 is configured such that a soil cultivation forming section 10 forming a part of the soil cultivation section 4 is provided on the upper part of the hydroponic cultivation forming section 9 forming a part of the hydroponic cultivation section 2, and is configured to be a multi-connected cultivation device main body configured to be provided in a state in which multiple bodies are connected in one direction, The cultivation device forming part 11 is integrally formed from synthetic resin, The synthetic resin-made cultivation device forming part 11 is configured to be a multi-connected cultivation device body in which a plurality of bodies are connected in one direction. The root passage soil bearing bottom 5 provided with the root passage portion 7 is composed of a sheet body or a mat body having a number of the root passage portions 7 through which the roots 6 can pass, The root passage soil support bottom 5 is configured to be provided at the top of the hydroponic cultivation forming part 9 of each of the soil cultivation forming parts 10 of the multiple-row cultivation device body, and at the bottom of the soil cultivation forming part 10; The bottom of the cultivation tank section 3 is configured to be installed in a bridge state at the boundary between the cultivation tank section 3 and the water storage tank section 1, The water or the solution in the water storage tank 1 of the hydroponic cultivation section 2 is supplied to the soil or the culture medium in the cultivation tank 3 of the soil cultivation section 4, and the supplied water or solution passes through the soil or the culture medium in the cultivation tank 3 and returns to the water storage tank 1. The circulation mechanism 8 is configured to include a pump unit 12 that draws up the water or the solution stored in the water storage tank unit 1 or pours water into the water storage tank unit 1, and a water supply mechanism 13 that pours the water or the solution pumped up by the pump unit 12 from the top of the cultivation tank unit 3 into the soil or the culture soil of the cultivation tank unit 3 to irrigate, or that infiltrates the water or the solution stored in the water storage tank unit 3 into the soil or the culture soil of the cultivation tank unit 3 from the bottom of the cultivation tank unit 3 to immerse. The present invention relates to a crop cultivation device characterized by the above.

[0007] The system is also configured such that a soil cultivation section 4 consisting of a cultivation tank section 3 for storing soil or culture medium for cultivating agricultural crops is provided above a hydroponic cultivation section 2 consisting of a water storage tank section 1 for storing water or a solution for cultivating agricultural crops, A method for cultivating agricultural crops using an agricultural crop cultivation device, wherein the soil support bottom supporting the soil or the culture soil in the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4 is configured as a root-passing soil support bottom 5 having water permeability and provided with a root-passing section 7 through which growing roots 6 of the agricultural crops cultivated in the cultivation tank section 3 pass, The water or solution applied to the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4 for cultivating the crops moistens the soil or the culture medium stored in the cultivation tank section 3, and reaches the water storage tank section 1 of the hydroponic cultivation section 2 below through the root passage section 7 of the root passage soil support bottom section 5 at the bottom of the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4, and the roots 6 that are taken root in the soil or the culture medium stored in the cultivation tank section 3 reach the water storage tank section 1 of the hydroponic cultivation section 2 below through the root passage section 7 of the root passage soil support bottom section 5 and take root in the water or the solution stored in the water storage tank section 1, thereby cultivating the crops both in soil and hydroponically. Farming Crop cultivation methods and The cultivation device for the agricultural crops is the cultivation device for the agricultural crops described in claim 1. This relates to methods of cultivating agricultural crops. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] Since the present invention is configured as described above, The cultivation device forming unit 11 that constitutes the main body of the multi-row cultivation device forms ridges of any length. This allows hydroponic and soil cultivation to be carried out in parallel, making it possible to take advantage of the advantages of both cultivation methods, solving or reducing the inconveniences of conventional cultivation methods, and easily cultivating and producing delicious agricultural products. The device configuration is easy to manufacture and assemble, and can significantly reduce capital investment costs. This will be an unprecedented, revolutionary crop cultivation device and method. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the present embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the present embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The best mode for carrying out the present invention will now be briefly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating the operation of the present invention.

[0011] A soil cultivation forming section 10 that forms part of the soil cultivation section 4 is provided above the hydroponic cultivation forming section 9 that forms part of the hydroponic cultivation section 2, and the hydroponic cultivation forming section 9 and the soil cultivation forming section 10 are formed from synthetic resin, and multiple cultivation device forming sections 11 are arranged in a connected state in one direction to provide a multi-connected cultivation device body of any length.

[0012] The multi-row cultivation device body is made up of the hydroponic cultivation forming parts 9 of the cultivation device forming parts 11. The water storage tank 1 constituting the hydroponic cultivation section 2 stores a solution containing liquid fertilizer, etc., and The multi-row cultivation device body is made up of the soil cultivation forming parts 10 of the cultivation device forming parts 11. The cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4 is supported on the root passage soil support bottom 5 at the bottom and contains compost and organic fertilizer-containing culture soil, which is used to form ridges for cultivating crops.

[0013] The roots 6 that sprout from the cultivated crops grow and take root in the soil (ridge soil) of the cultivation tank section 3 that makes up the soil cultivation section 4, and the crops are cultivated in soil in this cultivation tank section 3.

[0014] Furthermore, the growing roots 6 of the crops pass through the root passage section 7 provided in the root passage soil support bottom section 5 at the bottom of the cultivation tank section 3, and further reach the water storage tank section 1 that constitutes the hydroponic cultivation section 2 below, where they take root in this water or solution and are then hydroponically cultivated in this water storage tank section 1.

[0015] To explain further, for example, in the present invention, water or solution can be pumped from the water storage tank 1 and applied to the cultivation tank 3 from above by irrigation, or by pouring extra water into the water storage tank 1 and applying it by flooding from the bottom to the top of the cultivation tank 3, thereby moistening the culture medium in the cultivation tank 3 with this water or solution, and this water or solution can also be returned to the water storage tank 1 again via the root passage 7 and circulated, so that even if liquid fertilizer is contained in the water, the solution will not be wasted and the effects of the liquid fertilizer can be maintained, and it is also easy to generate a water flow within the water storage tank 1. Furthermore, liquid fertilizer can be easily replenished as needed, like in conventional hydroponics.

[0016] In other words, the present invention is configured so that the roots 6 of crops grown in the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank 3 reach the water storage tank 1 through the root passage section 7 of the root passage soil support bottom section 5 at the bottom of the cultivation tank 3 and also spread their roots in the water storage tank 1, enabling both soil and hydroponic cultivation of crops. This allows the fertilizer components of the liquid fertilizer for soil cultivation to be slowly absorbed by the roots 6 through the soil. While performing such soil cultivation, water that passes through the culture medium or falls downwards can be pumped up and reapplied to the culture medium by irrigating or submerging it without being wasted, thereby promoting efficient absorption by the roots 6. Furthermore, because the roots also spread in the water storage tank 1, adding liquid fertilizer or the like to the water allows hydroponic cultivation to be performed, allowing the desired fertilizer components to be rapidly absorbed by the roots 6.

[0017] Therefore, the present invention provides The cultivation device forming unit 11 that constitutes the main body of the multi-row cultivation device forms ridges of any length. While soil cultivation using soil or culture soil is performed, hydroponic cultivation can also be performed by adding fertilizer components from liquid fertilizers desired for the crops to the water or solution that falls from the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4 as needed, and allowing the crops to quickly absorb the fertilizer components. Furthermore, it is easy to manufacture and assemble, and the investment cost for equipment can be reduced significantly. This will enable groundbreaking cultivation that has never been seen before.

[0018] For example, if bone meal, oil cake, fish meal, or organic matter that makes fruit tastier is dissolved in water, the water will go bad, but since this is soil cultivation, if this is added to the culture medium, it will not go bad easily and can be slowly absorbed by the roots 6 that grow and spread in the culture medium. If this is circulated, for example, it can be absorbed even more efficiently. Also, since this is hydroponic cultivation, a solution containing the above-mentioned liquid fertilizer, which is packed with nutrients for crops, can be instantly absorbed by the roots 6 that spread in the water storage tank 1, just like humans receive nutrition through an intravenous drip. Furthermore, if excess solution is pumped up and used again to irrigate the culture medium, it will not go bad easily and can be absorbed again slowly but efficiently by the roots 6 in the culture medium. [Example]

[0019] A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0020] In this embodiment, a soil cultivation section 4 consisting of a cultivation tank section 3 in which soil or culture soil is stored is provided above a hydroponic cultivation section 2 consisting of a water storage tank section 1, and the soil support bottom that supports the soil or culture soil in the cultivation tank section 3 of this soil cultivation section 4 is configured as a root-passing soil support bottom 5 that is water-permeable and has a root passage section 7 through which the roots 6 of the crops cultivated in this cultivation tank section pass.

[0021] In other words, the root passage soil support bottom 5 equipped with this root passage section 7 in this embodiment is configured to support the culture soil and prevent the culture soil from falling into the water storage tank section 1 below, and to allow the growing roots 6 of the crops to reach the water storage tank section 1 through the root passage section 7 (numerous root passage holes) and take root even in the water or solution within the water storage tank section 1.

[0022] Specifically, the root passage soil support bottom 5 equipped with the root passage portion 7 is configured as a sheet or mat body having a large number of root passage portions 7 (a large number of root passage holes) through which roots 6 growing in the cultivation soil can pass, for example, a reusable rock wool mat having countless root passage holes through which roots 6 can pass superimposed on a mesh plate through which roots 6 can pass, with a plurality of support legs 21 provided underneath to support it, and this root passage soil support bottom 5 is configured to be erected at the boundary between the cultivation tank portion 3 and the water storage tank portion 1 as the bottom of the cultivation tank portion 3.

[0023] This embodiment is configured to have a two-tiered device main body, with a horizontally long (long in the ridge direction) water storage tank 1 and a cultivation tank 3 (which will form the ridges) located along the length of the water storage tank 1. That is, the lower space of this container-shaped device main body is the water storage tank 1, which will become the hydroponic cultivation section 2, and is configured to supply water or solution for hydroponic cultivation to it, and the upper space is the cultivation tank 3, which will become the soil cultivation section, and is configured to store culture soil supported by the root passage soil support bottom 5, which has the root passage section 7 at its bottom, and form the ridges.

[0024] Ma Book In this embodiment, the device is composed of a multi-connected cultivation device main body in which multiple cultivation device formation sections 11 are arranged in a connected state in one direction, each section having a soil cultivation formation section 10 that forms part of the soil cultivation section 4 above a hydroponic cultivation formation section 9 that forms part of the hydroponic cultivation section 2.

[0025] To further explain, in this embodiment, the cultivation device forming section 11, which is configured by providing a soil cultivation forming section 10 that forms part of the cultivation tank section 3 above the hydroponic cultivation forming section 9 that forms part of the water storage tank section 1, is configured as a synthetic resin box integrally molded from synthetic resin. The cultivation device forming section 11 (for example, the root passage soil support bottom section 5 is installed at the boundary between the hydroponic cultivation forming section 9 and the soil cultivation forming section 10) is configured as a multi-connected cultivation device main body, with multiple synthetic resin cultivation device forming sections 11 connected in one direction. This configuration simplifies manufacturing and assembly, significantly reducing capital investment costs. For example, if a locking step is integrally molded from resin at a predetermined height of each cultivation device forming section 11, it becomes even easier to install the root passage soil support bottom section 5 to form the water storage tank section 1 and the cultivation tank section 3 above and below, and form the hydroponic cultivation section 2 and the soil cultivation section 4 above and below.

[0026] Furthermore, when assembling and forming a multi-connected cultivation device body in which a plurality of the cultivation device forming parts 11 are arranged in one direction, a watertight connection structure may be provided at the end, but in order to make the assembly easier, for example, a long vinyl sheet may be attached to each of the cultivation device forming parts 11. Each hydroponic cultivation formation part 9 The cultivation device forming parts 11 are assembled by placing them on the bottom of the water storage tank 1, and the cultivation device forming parts 11 are Each hydroponic cultivation formation part 9 The solution in each water storage tank 1 is configured not to leak from the connecting boundary at the end.

[0027] In addition, in this embodiment, the water or solution in the water storage tank section 1 of the hydroponic cultivation section 2 is applied to the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4, and the applied water or solution is configured to pass through the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank section 3 and return to the water storage tank section 1, with a circulation application mechanism 8.

[0028] Specifically, the circulation mechanism 8 in this embodiment is composed of a pump unit 12 that injects the water or solution stored in the water storage tank unit 1 into a circulation storage tank unit 22 that is connected to the water storage tank unit 1, and although the water or solution pumped up by the pump unit 12 can be injected from the top of the cultivation tank unit 3 into the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank unit 3 to provide irrigation, in this embodiment the water or solution injected into the circulation storage unit 22 is infiltrated into the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank unit 3 from the bottom of the cultivation tank unit 3 via the water storage tank unit 1 to provide irrigation, and a circulation control unit 14 that controls the operation of the pump unit 12.

[0029] In addition, this embodiment is also configured to include a supply unit that appropriately supplies a solution containing water and liquid fertilizer from a cultivation water tank (liquid fertilizer tank) manually or by controlling the opening and closing of an opening and closing valve.

[0030] In this embodiment, the circulation mechanism 8 is used to immerse the solution in the water storage tank 1 into the culture medium in the cultivation tank 3, and this water moistens the culture medium in the cultivation tank 3.Furthermore, when the water supply is stopped and the water supply is switched to drainage, the water passes through the culture medium and returns to the water storage tank 1, allowing it to be circulated.Furthermore, even if the circulating solution is appropriately supplemented with fertilizer components from liquid fertilizer desired for the crops, this can be circulated and poured in without being wasted.Therefore, the effects of the fertilizer can be maintained and it is also easy to generate a water flow within the water storage tank 1.

[0031] In this way, by controlling or manually operating the circulation mechanism 8, the timing and amount of circulated irrigation can be adjusted according to various conditions and crops, and not only can this water or solution be replenished, but the desired liquid fertilizer can also be easily replenished as needed, providing the immediate benefits of hydroponic cultivation.Furthermore, by circulating the fertilizer in the culture medium after a specified time, the fertilizer components can be further absorbed by the roots 6 slowly but efficiently without rotting, and as mentioned above, it is possible to cultivate both soil and hydroponic cultivation together, taking advantage of the advantages of each while reducing the disadvantages of each.

[0032] Furthermore, by circulating the water in this manner, a water flow can be easily generated in the water storage tank 1 where hydroponic cultivation is performed, resulting in good hydroponic cultivation.Furthermore, if a heating device is installed to heat the circulating solution, the temperature of the culture medium can be easily raised, whereas in the past, the only ways to heat the culture medium for soil cultivation were to bury fine iron pipes in the culture medium and run warm water through them, or to bury hotbed wire in the culture medium.This is useful for cultivation in winter and early spring, and it can easily be realized that both soil cultivation and hydroponic cultivation can be performed in a heated state.

[0033] Therefore, according to the cultivation device of this embodiment, when the cultivation soil is stored in the cultivation tank section 3, ridges are made, and seeds are sown in the ridges to germinate and take root, the roots 6 of the crops that spread in the cultivation soil in the cultivation tank section 3 reach the water tank section 1 below the root passage section 7 and the roots also spread in this water tank section 1.

[0034] Then, by appropriately using a circulation mechanism 8 to pump up or pour water from the water storage tank 1 and allow it to seep from bottom to top, the cultivation tank 3 is flooded with water, and the solution moistens the culture soil in the cultivation tank 3, passes through it, and returns to the water storage tank 1.With this appropriate circulation, crops are cultivated in the culture soil in the cultivation tank 3, and the roots 6 of the crops cultivated in the culture soil in the cultivation tank 3 reach the water storage tank 1 through the root passage section 7 and take root in the water storage tank 1 as well, making it possible to cultivate crops hydroponically.

[0035] Therefore, crops can be grown in both soil and hydroponics, and fertilizer components such as liquid fertilizer can be slowly absorbed by the roots 6 through the soil, reducing the problem of rotting that occurs when growing crops only in hydroponics. While soil cultivation is performed, the solution (cultivation water) added to the culture medium will fall downwards, but instead of being wasted, it can be pumped up again and used for irrigation, or circulated and watered again to flood the culture medium again, thereby promoting absorption by the roots 6 without waste. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the roots 6 also take root in the water storage tank 1, so if liquid fertilizer is added to the solution (cultivation water) in the water storage tank 1, for example by replenishing it from a liquid fertilizer tank, it can be used in conjunction with hydroponics, where the fertilizer can be quickly absorbed by the roots 6 that have taken root in the water storage tank 1.

[0036] In other words, it is possible to realize an unprecedented revolutionary cultivation method that allows both soil cultivation and hydroponic cultivation. Furthermore, to reiterate, while soil cultivation is performed, which allows fertilizer such as liquid fertilizer to be slowly absorbed into the roots 6 through the soil, thereby reducing the problem of rotting, the water used for cultivation falls downward, but by not wasting it but instead pumping it up and adding it back to the cultivation soil, waste is eliminated and absorption by the roots 6 can be promoted. Furthermore, since the roots also take root in this water storage tank 1, if liquid fertilizer is added to this water, for example, hydroponic cultivation can be performed, in which the fertilizer is quickly absorbed by the roots 6 when it is replenished.

[0037] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, soil cultivation can be carried out in the upper part of one cultivation tank (this device) while hydroponic cultivation can be carried out in the lower part, which allows the crops to have richness and flavor, and in order to compensate for the lack of rooting caused by continuous cropping problems that occur in the soil cultivation section, the soil cultivation soil and rock wool medium in the upper part are used as a filter, and the excess irrigation water that has passed through and become pure water falls and accumulates in the reservoir area, allowing many roots to grow and proliferate, thereby allowing crops to be cultivated while compensating for the chain of problems that occur in soil cultivation and the lack of rooting caused by pests and diseases in the soil, and this is an innovative cultivation method that can grow high-quality crops without the need to replace the rock wool for each crop or use disposable rock wool medium for each crop.

[0038] In this embodiment, a soil covering sheet 15 for weed prevention or moisture retention is provided on the top surface of the soil or culture soil stored in the cultivation tank section 3 of the soil cultivation section 4, and a seedling storage section 16 for storing seedlings 17 of agricultural crops to be cultivated together with a small amount of soil or culture soil for soil cultivation or for storing soil for sowing and growing seedlings 17 is provided in a protruding state on the side of the cultivation tank section 3. 17 The structure is such that a lateral root passage section 20 is provided through which roots 6 growing from the tank section 3 grow and penetrate into the soil or culture medium in the tank section 3.

[0039] The seedling storage section 16 is shaped and sized so that the seedlings 17 grown in the seedling pots can be removed from the seedling pots and stored therein together with a small amount of soil or culture media, and the bottom of the seedling storage section 16, which is protruding from the side, is configured to have a bottomed, no-hole shape so that the roots 6 of the seedlings 17 growing therein can grow and penetrate into the cultivation tank section 3 through the lateral root passage section 20 on the side of the cultivation tank section 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, the seedling storage section 16 is provided on the upper side of each of the soil cultivation forming sections 10 of each of the cultivation device forming sections 11. That is, a plurality of cultivation device forming sections 11 with the seedling storage section 16 provided on the upper side are arranged in series to form the multi-row cultivation device body, and the soil or culture soil is stored in each soil cultivation forming section 10 of each cultivation device forming section 11 of this multi-row cultivation device body to form ridges, and the long soil covering sheet 15 is covered on the top surface of this ridge.

[0041] Therefore, this embodiment allows seedlings to be planted and harvested without having to cut open the soil covering sheet 15 (ridge mulch) and dig planting holes until harvesting, and it is possible to realize a cultivation device that makes it extremely easy to replace the ridge mulch, as well as a method of cultivating agricultural crops using this cultivation device.

[0042] Therefore, in this embodiment, for example, the top surface of the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank section 3 is covered with a soil covering sheet 15 (ridge mulch) for weed prevention or moisture retention, and seedlings 17 of agricultural crops to be cultivated are stored in a seedling storage section 16 protruding from the side of the cultivation tank section 3 along with a small amount of culture medium for soil cultivation, or seeds are sown in the stored soil and the seedlings 17 are grown.The roots 6 growing from the seedlings 17 in the seedling storage section 16 pass through the lateral root passage section 20 (root passage hole) provided on the side of the cultivation tank section 3 inside the seedling storage section 16 and grow and penetrate into the soil or culture medium in the cultivation tank section 3, and the seedlings 17 grow, bear fruit on their stems and branches, and are harvested as agricultural crops.

[0043] Therefore, in this embodiment, rather than cutting the soil covering sheet 15 and planting the seedlings 17 from the cut end, it is sufficient to simply place the seedlings 17 with the soil removed from, for example, a seedling pot into the seedling storage section 16 protruding from the side of the cultivation tank section 3. This not only facilitates the planting of the seedlings 17, but also makes it extremely easy to replace or invert the soil covering sheet 15, since the seedlings 17 do not grow from the cut end of the soil covering sheet 15. Furthermore, the roots 6 of the seedlings 17 penetrate and grow in the soil or culture medium of the cultivation tank section 3, and the seedlings 17 grow and become large within the seedling storage section 16 on the side of the cultivation tank section 3, and therefore do not grow at the planting position of the soil covering sheet 15, making it even easier to replace or invert the soil covering sheet 15.

[0044] That is, for example, when cultivation and harvesting are completed in early spring and a second crop is to be grown, the black soil covering sheet 15 is replaced with a white soil covering sheet 15, or if the soil covering sheet 15 is black on one side and white on the other, the covering is reversed to prevent high temperatures due to the drought in summer. In this case, the stems of the harvested seedlings 17 are located on the side of the cultivation tank section 3 which contains the culture soil and is covered with the soil covering sheet 15, and these stems can be cut or pulled out simply by cutting or pulling them out. Unlike conventional methods, the seedlings 17 do not grow from the cuts in the soil covering sheet 15 at the planting position, so the soil covering sheet 15 can be replaced easily and quickly. Furthermore, because the sheet 15 is not constantly cut or torn by pulling out the stems, the soil covering sheet 15 is always kept clean, and replacement and turning over are extremely easy.

[0045] In this case, as mentioned above, the water circulation to the cultivation tank section 3 can be improved in practicality by submerging the water by pouring it in from below, rather than by irrigating it from above.

[0046] In this embodiment, the soil covering sheet 15 Hold down and lock A rod locking groove for locking the pressing rod 18 is also formed in the upper edge of the cultivation tank section 3.

[0047] To explain further, the seedling storage section 16 of this embodiment has a shape and size that allows seedlings 17 grown in seedling pots that are convenient for cultivating and transporting seedlings 17 to be removed from the seedling pots together with a small amount of soil adhering to the roots 6 and then placed in and stored as is, and the roots 6 penetrate and grow within the cultivation tank section 3, but the seedlings 17 are set to a size (slightly larger than the seedling pot) that is large enough to grow therein, and are configured to protrude from the upper side of the cultivation tank section 3. Specifically, the elbow-shaped seedling storage section 16 is configured to protrude from an opening (side root passage section 20) opened on the side of the cultivation tank section 3.

[0048] In addition, there is no hole in the bottom of the seedling storage section 16, and even if the roots 6 of the growing seedlings 17 reach the bottom, they will grow inward, and will grow from the inner side of the seedling storage section 16 through the side root passage section 20 (root passage hole) on the side of the cultivation tank section 3 into the cultivation tank section 3. Accomplishment are.

[0049] Furthermore, if a stringing section 19 is provided in the cultivation tank section 3, it is possible to easily support the crops with a string, without the need to tie a string to the root stem of the crops (tomatoes, melons, etc.).

[0050] The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the specific configuration of each component can be designed as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1 Water tank section 2 Hydroponic Cultivation Department 3 Cultivation tank section 4 Soil Cultivation Department 5 Root passage soil support bottom 6 roots 7 Root passage part 8 Circulation Mechanism 9 Hydroponic Cultivation Division 10 Soil Cultivation Formation Department 11 Cultivation device forming section 12 Pump section 13 Water supply mechanism 14 Circulation control unit 15 Soil covering sheet 16 Seedling storage area 17 Seedlings 18 Presser rod 19 String hook 20 Lateral root passage 21 Support legs 22 Circulating water storage section

Claims

1. The system is configured such that a soil cultivation section consisting of a cultivation tank section for storing soil or culture medium for cultivating agricultural crops is provided above a hydroponic cultivation section consisting of a water storage tank section for storing water or a solution for cultivating agricultural crops, The soil support bottom supporting the soil or the culture soil of the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation section is configured as a root-passing soil support bottom having water permeability and a root-passing section through which the roots of the crops grown in the cultivation tank section pass, Agricultural crops cultivated in the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation section take root, and the roots that grow and spread in the soil or culture medium stored in this cultivation tank section reach the water tank section of the hydroponic cultivation section below through the root passage section of the root passage soil support bottom section, and then spread their roots in the water or solution stored in this water tank section, so that the agricultural crops can be cultivated hydroponically while also being cultivated in soil.

2. The agricultural crop cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cultivation device forming section is configured so that a soil cultivation forming section that forms part of the soil cultivation section is provided above a hydroponic cultivation forming section that forms part of the hydroponic cultivation section, and the cultivation device forming section is configured so that multiple bodies are connected in one direction.

3. a single cultivation device body in which the cultivation tank section constituting the soil cultivation section is provided on top of the water storage tank section constituting the hydroponic cultivation section, or a cultivation device forming section in which the soil cultivation forming section forming a part of the cultivation tank section constituting the soil cultivation section is provided on top of the hydroponic cultivation forming section forming a part of the water storage tank section constituting the hydroponic cultivation section, is configured to be integrally formed with a synthetic resin, The agricultural crop cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to consist of a single cultivation device body made of synthetic resin, or a multi-connected cultivation device body in which multiple cultivation device forming parts made of synthetic resin are arranged in a connected state in one direction.

4. The crop cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water or solution in the water storage tank section of the hydroponic cultivation section is applied to the soil or the culture medium in the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation section, and the applied water or solution passes through the soil or the culture medium in the cultivation tank section and returns to the water storage tank section.

5. The agricultural crop cultivation device described in claim 4, characterized in that the circulation mechanism is composed of a pump unit that draws up the water or solution stored in the water storage tank unit or injects water into the water storage tank unit, a water-donating mechanism that injects the water or solution drawn up by the pump unit from the top of the cultivation tank unit into the soil or culture medium of the cultivation tank unit to irrigate the soil or culture medium of the cultivation tank unit or that allows the injected water or solution to penetrate the soil or culture medium of the cultivation tank unit from the bottom of the cultivation tank unit to immerse the soil or culture medium, and a circulation-donating control unit that controls the operation of the pump unit.

6. A crop cultivation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that the root-passing soil support bottom portion provided with the root-passing portion is composed of a sheet or mat body having a large number of root-passing portions through which the roots can pass, and this root-passing soil support bottom portion is configured to be erected at the boundary between the cultivation tank portion and the water storage tank portion as the bottom of the cultivation tank portion.

7. The system is configured such that a soil cultivation section consisting of a cultivation tank section for storing soil or culture medium for cultivating agricultural crops is provided above a hydroponic cultivation section 2 consisting of a water storage tank section for storing water or a solution for cultivating agricultural crops, A method for cultivating agricultural crops using an agricultural crop cultivation device, wherein the soil support bottom supporting the soil or the culture soil of the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation unit is configured as a root-passing soil support bottom having water permeability and a root passage section through which growing roots of the agricultural crops cultivated in the cultivation tank section pass, The water or solution applied to the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation section in which the crops are grown moistens the soil or culture medium stored in the cultivation tank section, and reaches the water tank section of the hydroponic cultivation section below through the root passage section of the root passage soil support bottom at the bottom of the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation section, and the roots of the crops grown in the cultivation tank section of the soil cultivation section and grow and spread in the soil or culture medium stored in the cultivation tank section reach the water tank section of the hydroponic cultivation section below through the root passage section of the root passage soil support bottom and spread also in the water or solution stored in the water tank section, thereby cultivating the crops in soil and hydroponic cultivation, characterized by the above-mentioned method.

8. The crop cultivation method according to claim 7, wherein the crop cultivation device is the crop cultivation device according to any one of claims 2 to 6.

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