A tailings pond self-driving dust raising control device and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a tailing pond self-driving dust raising control device and a control method. The device comprises a fixed shaft, a fixed shaft fastener, an inverted cone, a dust guide plate and a dust blocking fringe. The control method comprises installation and zoning arrangement steps. The application does not directly consume energy, utilizes the energy of tailings in the hydraulic separation process in the tailing pond, is simple to install and easy to operate, and the dust guide plate is self-driven and dynamically raised, so that maintenance is reduced. The application meets the dynamic control of dust raising in the operation and stacking process of the tailing pond, and the device and the control method do not affect the tailing pond discharge. The device is a pure mechanical structure design, is simple in structure and easy to implement, does not add external materials and reagents, does not use water, is small in resource consumption, does not destroy the original environment, and can be used for a long time, and is simple to maintain in the later period.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of tailing pond dust control, and particularly relates to a self-driven tailing pond dust control device and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the process of tailing storage, dust pollution is formed due to the large-area exposure of tailings, dry weather, and strong wind. At present, the commonly used technologies for tailing pond dust control include: (1) covering materials, specifically, surface soil, dustproof nets, tarpaulins, and geotextiles; (2) water spraying for dust reduction, which is one of the most commonly used technologies in mines at present. By increasing the humidity of the site, the dust can be effectively reduced; (3) vegetation greening, which involves planting shrubs and grasses in the periphery and inside of the tailing pond to control dust; (4) solidifying tailings, which involves adding other materials, including cement and chemical agents, to solidify the tailings so that they no longer produce dust. For example, application publication No. CN115059054A discloses a method for preparing a dust prevention and water and soil loss protection layer for tailing ponds in high-altitude areas using copper tailings, authorized publication No. CN218322694U discloses a tailing pond dry beach dust solidification device, authorized No. 114534415B discloses a dust linkage processing device and processing method, application publication No. CN115926749A discloses a dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof, authorized publication No. CN116059772B discloses a solid waste transfer dust monitoring and prevention device for metal mine tailing ponds, authorized publication No. CN112409989B discloses a tailing surface solidification material based on spherical lysine bacillus and its application, authorized publication No. CN109499229B discloses a dust suppression agent for tailing ponds and a use method thereof, and international application No. PCT / US2023 / 015141SI, SK, SM, T discloses TAILINGS DUST SUPPRESSION.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned solutions have the following disadvantages: the structural arrangement of the heap consumes a large amount of manpower and resources, and the method also requires the addition of an appropriate amount of water, which is not suitable for dry and water-deficient tailing ponds with large-area accumulation; the dust reduction by spraying can control local dust reduction in the tailing pond, but the consumption of water in water-deficient areas cannot achieve low-carbon and low-cost construction demands; the material covering solution cannot meet the operational needs of dynamic tailing discharge in the tailing pond, and the investment in the laying of barrier materials for each period of tailing discharge is wasted, which may also cause new safety problems for the anti-sliding stability of the tailing accumulation slope; vegetation greening also has the same problem, which is suitable for vegetation restoration and dust control of the completed accumulation slope. However, during the dynamic operation of the tailing pond, vegetation dust reduction has insufficient feasibility and relatively high construction cost; a large number of research results show that the solidification of fine particles in the tailings by using chemicals to achieve dust reduction has the problems of large consumption of chemicals, complex implementation, and different degrees of uncertainty in the long-term impact on the ecological environment around the tailing pond.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a tailings pond self-driven dust control device and control method to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The first object of the present application is to provide a tailings pond self-driven dust control device that uses the upward lifting of the inverted cone by lateral extrusion of the tailings hydraulic sorting to achieve self-driven dynamic upward movement and dynamically control the tailings pond accumulation surface dust.

[0006] The second object of the present application is to provide a control method for a tailings pond self-driven dust control device.

[0007] The first object of the present application is achieved by including a fixed shaft, a fixed shaft fastener, an inverted cone, a dust guide plate, and a dust blocking fringe. The fixed shaft is erected and fixed to the tailings accumulation surface by the fixed shaft fastener. The fixed shaft passes through the through hole at the axis of the inverted cone, so that the inverted cone is sleeved on the fixed shaft, and the tip of the inverted cone is downward. The dust guide plate is covered on the inverted cone, and the fixed shaft passes through the through hole on the dust guide plate. The dust blocking fringe is arranged on the upper end of the fixed shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the material of the fixed shaft can be metal or high-strength plastic, the material of the inverted cone can be metal or plastic, and the material of the dust guide plate can be metal or plastic.

[0009] When the inverted cone and the dust guide plate are processed, a conventional mold opening technology in the art can be used to form an integrated structure.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the fixed shaft is inserted below the tailings accumulation surface by 0.5-1.0 m, and the length of the shaft body above the tailings accumulation surface is 1.0-2.0 m.

[0011] Preferably, the inverted cone is an inverted circular cone or an inverted angular cone, with a height of 0.5-1.5 m and a top surface area of 0.3-1.0 m 2 ; the inverted circular cone can reduce the friction between the tailings particles and the flowing tailings slurry, meet the self-driven upward movement of the dust falling device under the condition of high-concentration tailings transportation (transportation concentration greater than or equal to 50% and paste discharge), and the inverted angular cone can meet the self-driven upward movement of the dust falling device under the condition of low-concentration tailings transportation (transportation concentration less than or equal to 35%); when the high-concentration tailings transportation concentration is 35-50%, the inverted circular cone is preferred.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the inverted pyramid surfaces is 3-6; when the tailings discharge Q is greater than or equal to 10000t / d and the wind force is 5-7 (wind speed v=8.0-17.1m / s), the inner concave pyramid surface is selected; when the tailings discharge Q is less than 10000t / d and the wind force is 4 or less (wind speed v≤7.9m / s), the outer convex pyramid surface is selected; the protruding technical effect of the inner concave pyramid surface is that the primary sand deposition of the tailings sand plays an anchoring role, the wind force is greater than or equal to 5, and the wind resistance function is also considered, and the hydraulic separation force of the large flow of tailings can also be used to maintain the continuous rising of the dust falling device; the protruding technical effect of the outer convex pyramid surface is that the dust falling device is lifted by the circular arc method interaction force F2, and then the continuous self-driven rising is realized.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the inverted pyramid is 1-4, and the dust guide plate cover is arranged on the inverted pyramid; during the hydraulic separation of tailings, the discharge concentration and the tailings particle composition have a great influence on the deposition beach slope difference; when the dry beach control slope i is less than or equal to 0.5%, the number of the inverted pyramid can be set to 4; when i is greater than or equal to 1.5%, the number of the inverted pyramid is set to 1; when i is 0.5-1.5%, the number of the inverted pyramid is set to 2-3; each inverted pyramid is provided with a fixed shaft and a fixed shaft fastener, and with the increase of the number of the inverted pyramid, the wind resistance effect and the self-driven rising ability show an increasing trend.

[0014] Preferably, the dust guide plate is a circular arc, a cone or a planar polygon, wherein the number of sides of the polygon is greater than or equal to 3.

[0015] Preferably, the dust blocking spike includes a connecting buckle, a connecting rope and a dust blocking strip, one end of the connecting buckle is hung on the upper end of the fixed shaft, the other end is hung with a plurality of dust blocking strips through the connecting rope, and the plurality of dust blocking strips are arranged in a radial manner from the center; the connecting buckle is a hook, a ring, a lock buckle or the like, the connecting rope is made of natural materials, artificially synthesized soil materials, metal materials or the like, and the length of the connecting rope is determined flexibly according to the size and shape of the dust blocking strip; the dust blocking strip is not absolutely a strip structure, but also can be a silk structure, and the material is natural materials, artificially synthesized soil materials, plastics, metals or the like.

[0016] The second object of the application is achieved by comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, first install the inverted pyramid, the dust guide plate and the dust blocking spike on the fixed shaft, then stand up the fixed shaft and insert the fixed shaft into the tailings accumulation surface and install the fixed shaft fastener to fix the fixed shaft;

[0018] S2, the control device is zoned and covers the entire tailings pond, specifically, the floating pond pattern area is located in the center of the tailings pond, and the floating pond pattern area is surrounded by the fish scale pattern area, or the floating pond pattern area and the fish scale pattern area are alternately arranged in a strip shape; the floating pond pattern area is that the control devices in the area are uniformly distributed, and there is a gap between the adjacent two control devices; the fish scale pattern area is that the control devices in the area are uniformly distributed, and one of the control devices is overlapped on the edge of the dust guide plate of the other control device.

[0019] Preferably, the floating pond pattern area of S2 is suitable for the area within 3km (including 3km) around the tailings pond without centralized residential areas, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting areas, and the dry beach area of the tailings pond is greater than or equal to 1hm 2 ;

[0020] The fish scale pattern area is suitable for the area within 1km (including 1km) around the tailings pond with centralized residential areas, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting areas, and the dry beach area of the tailings pond is less than or equal to 0.5hm 2 ;

[0021] The floating pond and fish scale mixed pattern is suitable for the area within 1-3km around the tailings pond with centralized residential areas, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting areas, and the dry beach area of the tailings pond is 0.5-1hm 2 .

[0022] Preferably, the floating pond pattern arrangement density of S2 is that the dry beach area coverage of the tailings pond is less than or equal to 40%;

[0023] The fish scale pattern arrangement density is that the dry beach area coverage of the tailings pond is greater than or equal to 80%;

[0024] The floating pond and fish scale mixed pattern arrangement density is that the dry beach area coverage of the tailings pond is 40-80%, and the mixed pattern spacing can be equal or unequal, and the control spacing range is 5-30m.

[0025] When the full fish scale pattern is set, the tailings bare accumulation surface is covered in a large range; when arranged along the dominant wind direction, the influence of wind on the dust falling device can be effectively reduced; when the floating pond pattern is independently set, the prominent technical effect is that the lower part of the dust guide plate partially blocks dust, other areas of the dry beach surface are dusty, the dust spout blocks and blocks the dust particles after dusting, and the dry beach surface is collected after the dust guide plate is connected (device dust blocking-control dusting-facility dust falling-dust guide plate connection-dry beach dust collection); the floating pond and fish scale mixed pattern arrangement has both of the above technical effects, and further saves facility investment.

[0026] The selection of the pattern is to effectively solve and control the exposed dry beach surface, and realize the implementation goal of dust reduction / control; the zoning mode is to control the influence of the wind direction and realize the step-by-step dust reduction effect; the prominent technical effect of the center-edge zoning is suitable for the dust reduction of the exposed dry beach section of the tailings pond site without the annual dominant wind direction, the flat type and the mountain type tailings pond accumulation surface, and can effectively control the tailings dust within the tailings pond area; the prominent technical effect of the zonal alternating zoning is suitable for the dust reduction of the exposed dry beach section of the tailings pond site with the annual dominant wind direction, the valley type and the river type tailings pond accumulation surface, and can significantly realize the step-by-step dust reduction effect with the wind direction.

[0027] Technical principle:

[0028] 1. The dust caused by the loose solid particles under the action of wind is dynamically controlled by the dust reduction of zoning and blocking, wide-range dust blocking or the combination of the two; the technical focus controls the dusting solid particles in the horizontal direction of the laminar flow layer and the vertical direction of the turbulent flow layer; under the action of the present application, the dusting particles can be blocked and contacted, and the further upward of the high-speed dusting particles into the atmospheric environment to form persistent dusting can be avoided; specifically, the dust blocking spike of zoning and blocking is arranged in the dusting turbulent flow layer, the solid particles in the transition from the laminar flow layer to the turbulent flow layer are interfered and blocked, and the solid particles are recycled to the tailings pond through the dust guide plate; the dust guide plate blocks the action of wind on the solid particles, and efficiently controls the dusting;

[0029] 2. The tailings in the wet storage tailings pond have the deposition rule of spatial anisotropy and interlayer stratification; the reason is that the tailings slurry is transported to the front of the tailings dam through the conveying system, and presents the spatial distribution of coarse, medium and fine particles under the action of hydraulic separation; based on the particle size distribution of the tailings sand, the present application sets an inverted cone, and uses the lateral extrusion force of the tailings sand on the inverted cone, so that the upward lifting force in the vertical direction is greater than the gravity and friction force of the inverted cone, so as to ensure the self-top rising of the inverted cone on the surface of the tailings sand.

[0030] 3. The rigidity and mass of the inverted cone and the dust guide plate, the friction coefficient of the fixed shaft, and the displacement of the tailings particles can meet the self-driven rising while the device is stable;

[0031] 4. The inverted cone and the dust guide plate are integral facilities, and the forces in the static state and the rising state are analyzed. In the static state, the facility is supported by the support force N of the tailings accumulation surface and the fastener, the gravity G of the facility and the friction force f1 between the facility and the fixed shaft; in the rising state, the complex force of the tailings slurry on the facility is decomposed into the tangential force F1 and the normal force F2, and the tailings slurry has a tangential friction force f2 on the facility; when F1>f2 and F2>G+f1, the device is self-driven to rise;

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical effects:

[0033] 1. Low carbon and low cost, no direct energy consumption, making full use of the power consumed by the tailings conveying system; wherein the energy loss in the tailings during the hydraulic separation process in the tailings pond is captured and utilized;

[0034] 2. Easy to install and operate, the dust guide plate is self-driven and dynamically rising, which can realize less maintenance;

[0035] 3. Adapt to local conditions and set up according to needs. According to the length, width, and distribution of sensitive facilities around the dry beach section of the tailings pond, the device is arranged in full fish scale style, full duckweed style, duckweed and fish scale mixed style; according to the type of tailings pond and whether there is a perennial dominant wind direction, the device is arranged in central-edge partition, belt alternation partition; according to the maximum prevention wind force, ore concentration, ore pulp flow, sediment beach slope, etc., the device parameters such as inverted cone shape and number are selected;

[0036] 4. Satisfy the dynamic dust control in the dynamic stacking process of the tailings pond, the device and control method do not affect the ore discharge of the tailings pond;

[0037] 5. The device is a pure mechanical structure design, simple structure and easy to implement, no external materials, no addition of reagents, no water, small resource consumption, no damage to the original environment, and can be used for a long time, and the later maintenance is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a vertical structure schematic diagram of the dust guide plate of the device of the present application when it is a circular arc shape;

[0039] Figure 2 is a perspective view structure schematic diagram from above excluding the dust blocking spikes; Figure 1

[0040] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of the dust blocking spikes;

[0041] Figure 4 is a vertical structure schematic diagram of the dust guide plate of the device of the present application when it is a square plane;

[0042] Figure 5 is a perspective view structure schematic diagram from above excluding the dust blocking spikes; Figure 4

[0043] Figure 6 is a force analysis schematic diagram of the inverted cone of the present application (static state);

[0044] Figure 7 is a force analysis schematic diagram of the inverted cone of the present application (rising state);

[0045] Figure 8 is a vertical layout schematic diagram of the control device of the duckweed style area; ​​

[0046] Figure 9 Figure: the control device of fish scale pattern area facade layout diagram;

[0047] Figure: 1-fixed shaft, 2-fixed shaft fastener, 3-inverted cone, 4-dust guide plate, 5-dust blocking fringe, 501-connection buckle, 502-connection rope, 503-dust blocking strip, 6-tailings accumulation surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, but in no way limit the application, any transformation or replacement based on the teaching of the application, all belong to the protection scope of the application.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] As shown in the accompanying Figures 1-2 , the tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the embodiment includes a fixed shaft 1, a fixed shaft fastener 2, an inverted cone 3, a dust guide plate 4, and a dust blocking fringe 5. The fixed shaft 1 is made of stainless steel, with a length of 2.5 m and a diameter of 25 mm. The fixed shaft 1 is vertically set and fixed on the tailings accumulation surface 6 through the fixed shaft fastener 2. The lower end of the fixed shaft 1 is inserted into the tailings accumulation surface 6 below 0.5 m. The fixed shaft 1 passes through the through hole at the axis of the inverted cone 3, so that the inverted cone 3 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 1, and the tip of the inverted cone 3 faces downward. The number of the inverted cone 3 is one. The inverted cone 3 is a hollow inverted cone made of stainless steel, with a top area of 0.5 m 2 , and a height of 0.5 m. The dust guide plate 4 is arranged on the inverted cone 3, and the fixed shaft 1 passes through the through hole on the dust guide plate 4. The dust guide plate 4 is a circular arc shape made of stainless steel, with a projection area of 1.0 m 2 . The dust blocking fringe 5 is arranged on the upper end of the fixed shaft 1. The dust blocking fringe 5 adopts a conventional fringe structure.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] As shown in the accompanying Figure 3 , the tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the embodiment is based on the embodiment 1. The dust blocking fringe 5 includes a connection buckle 501, a connection rope 502, and a dust blocking strip 503. One end of the connection buckle 501 is hung on the upper end of the fixed shaft 1, and the other end is suspended with a plurality of dust blocking strips 503 through the connection rope 502. The length of the connection rope 502 is 0.3 m. The plurality of dust blocking strips 503 are arranged in a radial pattern from the center. The dust blocking strip 503 is an equal-length filament non-woven geotextile strip, with a length of 0.8 m.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] As shown in the accompanying Figures 4-5As shown, the self-driven dust raising control device of the tailings pond in this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that the fixed shaft 1 has a length of 2.0 m and a diameter of 20 mm, the lower end of the fixed shaft 1 is inserted into the tailings accumulation surface 6 by 1.0 m, there is one inverted cone 3, the top area of the inverted cone 3 is 0.6 m 2 , the height is 0.8 m, and the dust guide plate 4 is a flat plate with an area of 1.2 m 2 .

[0055] Embodiment 4

[0056] The self-driven dust raising control device of the tailings pond in this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that the fixed shaft 1 has a length of 2.25 m, the lower end of the fixed shaft 1 is inserted into the tailings accumulation surface 6 by 0.75 m, there is one inverted cone 3, the top area of the inverted cone 3 is 1.0 m 2 , and the height is 1.0 m.

[0057] Embodiment 5

[0058] The self-driven dust raising control device of the tailings pond in this embodiment is based on embodiment 3, and the dust blocking spike 5 includes a connecting buckle 501, a connecting rope 502, and a dust blocking strip 503. One end of the connecting buckle 501 is hung on the upper end of the fixed shaft 1, and the other end is suspended with a plurality of dust blocking strips 503 through the connecting rope 502. The length of the connecting rope 502 is 0.4 m, the plurality of dust blocking strips 503 are arranged in a radial pattern from the center, and the dust blocking strip 503 is a high-density polyethylene block with unequal lengths, with a length of 0.2 m to 0.8 m.

[0059] Embodiment 6

[0060] The self-driven dust raising control device of the tailings pond in this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that the inverted cone 3 is a hollow pyramid with four convex cone surfaces, the top area of the inverted cone is 0.4 m 2 , and the dust guide plate 4 is a cone.

[0061] Embodiment 7

[0062] The self-driven dust raising control device of the tailings pond in this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that the inverted cone 3 is a hollow pyramid with five convex cone surfaces, the top area of the inverted cone is 0.4 m 2 , and the dust guide plate 4 is a flat triangle.

[0063] Embodiment 8

[0064] The self-driven dust raising control device of the tailings pond in this embodiment is based on embodiment 3, and is different from embodiment 3 in that the inverted cone 3 is a hollow pyramid with three concave cone surfaces, the top area of the inverted cone is 0.5 m2 The dust guide plate 4 is a circular arc.

[0065] Example 9

[0066] The tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the present embodiment is based on example 3, and differs from example 3 in that the inverted cone 3 is a hollow pyramid, the number of cone surfaces is 6, the inner concave cone surface, the inverted cone top area is 0.5m 2 The dust guide plate 4 is a flat pentagon.

[0067] Example 10

[0068] The tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the present embodiment is based on example 1, and differs from example 1 in that the inverted cone 3 and the dust guide plate 4 are made of degradable plastic material.

[0069] Example 11

[0070] The tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the present embodiment is based on example 3, and differs from example 3 in that the inverted cone 3 and the dust guide plate 4 are made of degradable plastic material.

[0071] Example 12

[0072] The tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the present embodiment is based on example 10, and differs from example 10 in that the number of inverted cones 3 is 2, and is arranged from bottom to top, the dust guide plate 4 is arranged on the uppermost inverted cone 3, and the area of the dust guide plate 4 is 2.0m 2 .

[0073] Example 13

[0074] The tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the present embodiment is based on example 10, and differs from example 10 in that the number of inverted cones 3 is 3, and is arranged from bottom to top, the dust guide plate 4 is arranged on the uppermost inverted cone 3, and the area of the dust guide plate 4 is 2.0m 2 .

[0075] Example 14

[0076] The tailings pond self-driven dust control device of the present embodiment is based on example 11, and differs from example 11 in that the number of inverted cones 3 is 4, and is arranged from bottom to top, the dust guide plate 4 is arranged on the uppermost inverted cone 3, and the area of the dust guide plate 4 is 2.2m 2 .

[0077] The working principle and working process of the device of the present invention are as follows: the device is installed upright on the tailings accumulation surface 6, and the fixed shaft fastener 2 is used to fix the fixed shaft 1 on the tailings accumulation surface 6 to enhance the stability of the fixed shaft 1; the dust blocking spike 5 interferes with and blocks the dust solid particles transitioning from the laminar layer to the turbulent layer, and the settled solid particles are guided and recovered into the tailings pond through the dust guide plate 4; the lateral squeezing force of the tailings sand on the inverted cone 3 is used to make the upward lifting force in the vertical direction greater than the gravity and friction of the inverted cone 3 (see attached Figure 6 ~Attached Figure 7 ), to ensure that the inverted cone 3 and the dust guide plate 4 move upward along the fixed shaft 1, forming a self-rising effect on the surface of the tailings sand, and continuously controlling dust; as the fixed shaft 1 is gradually submerged and the remaining length of the above-ground part of the fixed shaft 1 is less, the device is pulled out, reinstalled, and continued to be used.

[0078] Example 15

[0079] The tailings pond is located in a flat area with a year-round dominant wind direction. There are no concentrated residential areas, industrial and mining enterprises, or cash crop planting areas within a 2.2km radius. The dry beach area of ​​the tailings pond is 1.2hm2. The tailings transport concentration is 40%, the transport volume is 800t / d, the sedimentation beach slope is 1.5%, and the maximum wind speed is level 4.

[0080] As attached Figure 8 ~Attached Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment is a control method of the self-propelled dust control device of the tailings pond in Example 3, comprising the following steps:

[0081] S1. First install the inverted cone 3, dust guide plate 4, and dust blocking spike 5 on the fixed shaft 1, then stand up the fixed shaft 1 and insert the fixed shaft 1 into the tailings accumulation surface 6 and install the fixed shaft fastener 2 to fix the fixed shaft 1;

[0082] S2. The control devices are arranged in zones on the tailings pond and cover the entire tailings pond. Specifically, the duckweed style area is located in the central area of ​​the tailings pond, and the duckweed style area is surrounded by the fish scale style area, with the area ratio of the duckweed style area to the fish scale style area being 7:3; the duckweed style area is an area where the control devices are evenly distributed, and there is a spacing of 1.0m between adjacent control devices; the fish scale style area is an area where the control devices are evenly distributed, and between adjacent control devices, the edge of the dust guide plate 4 of one control device is overlapped with the edge of the dust guide plate 4 of the other control device; when the length of the above-ground part of the fixed shaft 1 is ≤0.6m, the device is pulled out and reinstalled; after installation, the specific device is maintained during the alternating operation of the three areas of the tailings pond discharge preparation area, working area, and drying area, so as to meet the dust prevention needs of the tailings pond to prevent dust from leaving the pond area.

[0083] Example 16

[0084] The tailing pond is located in an area without perennial prevailing wind direction, is a hillside type, has no concentrated residential area, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting area within a range of 3.5 km, and has a dry beach area of 0.8 hm2; the tailing conveying concentration is 50%, the conveying capacity is 6000 t / d, the deposition beach slope is 1.5%, and the tailing pond discharging direction is from west to east, and the maximum wind force is 5;

[0085] The embodiment is a control method of the self-driven dust raising control device of the tailing pond in Example 5, and includes the following steps:

[0086] S1, first install the inverted cone 3, the dust guide plate 4, and the dust blocking fringes 5 on the fixed shaft 1, then stand up the fixed shaft 1 and insert the fixed shaft 1 into the tailing accumulation surface 6 and install the fixed shaft fastener 2 to fix the fixed shaft 1;

[0087] S2, the control device is arranged in zones and covers the entire tailing pond, specifically, a duckweed pattern zone is located in the central area of the tailing pond, and a fish scale pattern zone is arranged around the duckweed pattern zone, and the area ratio of the duckweed pattern zone to the fish scale pattern zone is 7:3; the duckweed pattern zone is that the control devices are uniformly distributed in the zone, and there is a spacing between the adjacent two control devices, and the spacing is 1.0 m; the fish scale pattern zone is that the control devices are uniformly distributed in the zone, and the edge of the dust guide plate 4 of one control device is overlapped on the edge of the dust guide plate 4 of the other control device; when the length of the above-ground part of the fixed shaft 1 is less than or equal to 0.6 m, the device is pulled out and reinstalled; after the installation is completed, the specific device is maintained in combination with the tailing pond discharging preparation area, the working area, and the drying area in the alternating operation process, so that the dust raising of the tailing pond does not occur in the out-of-park area.

[0088] Example 17

[0089] The perennial prevailing wind direction of the tailing pond is west wind, there are mine stope and ore dressing plant within a range of 3.0 km, and there are also some farmland where economic crops are planted, the tailing pond dry beach area is 1.3 hm2; the tailing pond is a river cutting type, the tailing conveying concentration is 32%, the conveying capacity is 12000 t / d, the deposition beach slope is 0.8%, and the tailing pond discharging direction is from south to north, and the maximum wind force is 6;

[0090] The embodiment is a control method of the self-driven dust raising control device of the tailing pond in Example 2, and includes the following steps:

[0091] S1, first install the inverted cone 3, the dust guide plate 4, and the dust blocking fringes 5 on the fixed shaft 1, then stand up the fixed shaft 1 and insert the fixed shaft 1 into the tailing accumulation surface 6 and install the fixed shaft fastener 2 to fix the fixed shaft 1;

[0092] S2, the control device is zoned and laid out on the tailings pond and covers the entire tailings pond, specifically, a duckweed pattern area is located in the central area of the tailings pond, and the duckweed pattern area is surrounded by a fish scale pattern area, the duckweed pattern area and the fish scale pattern area have an area ratio of 7:3; the duckweed pattern area is that the control devices in the area are uniformly distributed, and there is a spacing between the two adjacent control devices, and the spacing is 1.0 m; the fish scale pattern area is that the control devices in the area are uniformly distributed, and one edge of the dust guide plate 4 of one control device is overlapped on the edge of the dust guide plate 4 of the other control device; when the length of the ground part of the fixed shaft 1 is less than or equal to 0.6 m, the device is pulled out and reinstalled; after installation is completed, the specific device is maintained in combination with the preparation area, the working area and the drying area of the tailings pond in the alternating operation process, so that the dust prevention needs of the tailings pond can be met.

[0093] Example 18

[0094] The dominant wind direction of the tailings pond is northwest, the valley type, there are orchards and scattered settlements within a range of 2.5 km, the dry beach area of the tailings pond is 0.75 hm2; the tailings conveying concentration is 42%, the conveying capacity is 9000 t / d, the sediment beach slope is 1.2%, the tailings pond discharging direction is northwest to southeast, and the maximum wind force is 4;

[0095] This embodiment is a control method of the self-driven dust control device of the tailings pond in Example 3, which comprises the following steps:

[0096] S1, first install the inverted cone 3, the dust guide plate 4 and the dust blocking fringes 5 on the fixed shaft 1, then stand up the fixed shaft 1 and insert the fixed shaft 1 into the tailings accumulation surface 6 and install the fixed shaft fastener 2 to fix the fixed shaft 1;

[0097] S2, the control device is zoned and laid out on the tailings pond and covers the entire tailings pond, specifically, a duckweed pattern area is located in the central area of the tailings pond, and the duckweed pattern area is surrounded by a fish scale pattern area, the duckweed pattern area and the fish scale pattern area have an area ratio of 7:3; the duckweed pattern area is that the control devices in the area are uniformly distributed, and there is a spacing between the two adjacent control devices, and the spacing is 1.0 m; the fish scale pattern area is that the control devices in the area are uniformly distributed, and one edge of the dust guide plate 4 of one control device is overlapped on the edge of the dust guide plate 4 of the other control device; when the length of the ground part of the fixed shaft 1 is less than or equal to 0.6 m, the device is pulled out and reinstalled; after installation is completed, the specific device is maintained in combination with the preparation area, the working area and the drying area of the tailings pond in the alternating operation process, so that the dust prevention needs of the tailings pond can be met.

Claims

1. A tailings pond self-driven dust control device, comprising a fixed shaft (1), a fixed shaft fastener (2), an inverted cone (3), a dust guide plate (4), and a dust blocking fringe (5), characterized in that The fixed shaft (1) is erected and fixed to the tailings accumulation surface (6) by a fixed shaft fastener (2), the fixed shaft (1) passes through the through hole at the axis of the inverted cone (3), the inverted cone (3) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (1), and the tip of the inverted cone (3) faces downward, the dust guide plate (4) is arranged on the inverted cone (3), and the fixed shaft (1) passes through the through hole in the dust guide plate (4), and the dust blocking spike (5) is arranged on the upper end of the fixed shaft (1).

2. The self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing pond according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower end of the fixed shaft (1) is inserted below the tailings accumulation surface (6) by 0.5-1.0 m, and the length of the shaft body above the tailings accumulation surface (6) is 1.0-2.0 m.

3. The self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing pond according to claim 1, characterized in that The inverted cone (3) is an inverted round cone or an inverted angular cone, with a height of 0.5-1.5 m, and an area of the top surface of the inverted cone (3) of 0.3-1.0 m 2 .

4. The self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing pond according to claim 3, characterized in that The number of the inverted conical surfaces is 3-6; when the tailings discharge Q≥10000t / d and the wind force is 5-7 levels, the concave inner conical surface is selected; when the tailings discharge Q<10000t / d and the wind force is 4 levels or below, the convex outer conical surface is selected.

5. The self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing pond according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the inverted cones (3) is 1-4, and they are arranged horizontally, and the dust guide plate (4) is arranged on the inverted cone (3).

6. The self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing pond according to claim 1, characterized in that The dust guide plate (4) is a circular arc, a cone or a planar polygon, and the number of sides of the polygon is ≥3.

7. The self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing pond according to claim 1, characterized in that The dust blocking spike (5) comprises a connecting buckle (501), a connecting rope (502) and a dust blocking strip (503), one end of the connecting buckle (501) is hung on the upper end of the fixed shaft (1), the other end is suspended with a plurality of dust blocking strips (503) through the connecting rope (502), and the plurality of dust blocking strips (503) are arranged in a radial manner from the center.

8. A control method of the self-driven dust-raising control device for tailing ponds according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by The method comprises the following steps: S1, first, the inverted cone (3), the dust guide plate (4) and the dust blocking spike (5) are installed on the fixed shaft (1), then the fixed shaft (1) is erected and inserted into the tailings accumulation surface (6), and the fixed shaft fastener (2) is installed, so that the fixed shaft (1) is fixed; S2, the control devices are arranged in zones and cover the entire tailings pond, specifically, the floating pond pattern zone is arranged in the center area of the tailings pond, the fish scale pattern zone is arranged around the floating pond pattern zone, or the floating pond pattern zone and the fish scale pattern zone are alternately arranged in a strip shape; the floating pond pattern zone is that the control devices are uniformly distributed in the zone, and there is a spacing between the adjacent two control devices; the fish scale pattern zone is that the control devices are uniformly distributed in the zone, and the edge of the dust guide plate (4) of one control device is overlapped on the edge of the dust guide plate (4) of the other control device.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that S2 Step 1: The floating duckweed pattern area is suitable for the area within 3 km from the tailings pond, and the area within 3 km without concentrated residential areas, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting areas. The dry beach area of the tailings pond is greater than or equal to 1 hm 2 ; The fish scale pattern area is suitable for the area within 1 km of the tailings pond, and contains 1 km of concentrated residential areas, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting areas. The dry beach area of the tailings pond is less than or equal to 0.5 hm 2 ; The mixed pattern of duckweed and fish scales is suitable for the tailing pond 1-3 km away from the centralized residential area, industrial and mining enterprises, and economic crop planting area, and the dry beach area of the tailing pond is 0.5-1 hm 2 .

10. The control method of claim 8, wherein The arrangement density of the floating pond pattern is that the coverage rate of the dry beach area of the tailings pond is less than or equal to 40%; The arrangement density of the fish scale pattern is that the coverage rate of the dry beach area of the tailings pond is greater than or equal to 80%; The arrangement density of the mixed pattern of the floating pond and the fish scale is that the coverage rate of the dry beach area of the tailings pond is 40-80%, and the spacing of the mixed pattern can be equal or unequal, and the control spacing range is 5-30 m.

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