A three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma based toilet gas self-cleaning device

Abstract

The application provides a toilet gas self-purification device based on a three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma, an intelligent gas sampling separation system with a built-in adsorption column for separating the gas to be treated, a two-way air suction pump outlet connected with an air inlet pipe of the intelligent gas sampling separation system, an air outlet of the intelligent gas sampling separation system connected with a plasma comprehensive treatment system, and an air outlet of the plasma comprehensive treatment system connected with an air inlet of a comprehensive intelligent collection system. The application realizes the conversion of polluted gas and avoids the pollution caused by physical and chemical methods to the environment. The intelligent detection and separation system is used to perform specific detection and identification before the gas enters the plasma system. The solar energy and wind power green and environment-friendly working mode is used to improve the economy of greenhouse gas conversion. The application can be applied to the fields of greenhouse gas emission reduction, renewable energy consumption and chemical synthesis, and can be further popularized to the removal and utilization process of biological biogas and industrial polluted gas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of gas treatment devices, and relates to a toilet gas self-cleaning device based on a three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma. BACKGROUND

[0002] The waste gas discharged in a toilet mainly includes harmful gases such as methane CH4, ammonia NH3 and hydrogen sulfide H2S. These gases not only affect air quality, but also can cause serious harm to human health and the atmospheric environment. Methane, as a potent greenhouse gas, has a much higher greenhouse effect potential than carbon dioxide. Controlling and treating methane emissions has become one of the important issues of environmental protection. Using plasma technology to treat methane gas in toilets provides an efficient and environmentally friendly solution. Plasma is a quasi-neutral gas composed of ions, electrons and neutral particles. It has high-energy electrons and active particles that can effectively decompose and transform various harmful gases. Compared with traditional chemical treatment methods, plasma technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, fast reaction speed, high treatment efficiency, and can be carried out at normal temperature and pressure without secondary pollution. When treating methane gas, plasma mainly decomposes methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other molecules through high-energy electron impact into smaller molecules or atoms. These small molecules or atoms further react in the plasma to ultimately generate harmless products such as carbon dioxide and water. In addition, plasma can also excite other coexisting gas molecules to produce strong oxidizing substances such as ozone and hydroxyl radicals, further improving the treatment efficiency.

[0003] At present, a variety of plasma treatment devices have achieved remarkable results in practical application, but there is still room for improvement in terms of treatment efficiency, energy consumption and device structure, and plasma treatment devices are still relatively few in the treatment of living gas. At present, DBD devices are mainly used for plasma technology to treat gas. DBD dielectric barrier discharge is a discharge that inserts an insulating medium into the high-voltage and ground electrode, and makes the electric field produce discharge in the gas between the two electrodes. Due to the presence of the medium, the current cannot pass directly, but forms a discharge channel along the surface of the medium. Its advantages are wide gas pressure range, wide discharge frequency range, simple structure, and uniform and stable discharge; but dielectric barrier discharge requires high output power of the power supply, causing unnecessary waste of energy.

[0004] There are some defects in the current market devices for treating toilet exhaust gas, including: 1) low efficiency: the current treatment method for treating toilet exhaust gas is not efficient enough to completely eliminate the odor and harmful substances in the exhaust gas. This may cause discomfort and unhygienic environment in the toilet. 2) high energy consumption: the existing toilet gas treatment device needs a lot of cumbersome steps for multi-stage treatment, and needs a lot of energy to operate, such as chemical treatment or mechanical ventilation system, which will increase the energy cost and cause adverse effects on the environment. At the same time, the current plasma treatment equipment still has the defect of not enough intelligent operation 3) difficult to maintain: the existing exhaust gas treatment equipment needs frequent maintenance and cleaning, which increases the cost and time cost. 4) not environmentally friendly: some traditional treatment methods may produce harmful waste or emissions, polluting the environment. For example, chemical treatment may produce harmful substances, and mechanical ventilation system may consume a lot of power. 5) limited applicability: traditional toilet gas treatment methods cannot be applied to all environments, in highland and other areas, many chemical adsorbents will be affected by temperature and pressure, and cannot be treated, especially in areas with limited resources or harsh environmental conditions SUMMARY

[0005] 1. Technical problems to be solved:

[0006] There are problems such as low efficiency, high energy consumption, difficult to maintain, not environmentally friendly, and limited applicability in the current market devices for treating toilet exhaust gas, and a gas conversion and self-cleaning device is needed, which is energy-efficient, can convert greenhouse gases and pollutants in the toilet, and does not harm the human body.

[0007] 2. Technical solutions:

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a toilet gas self-cleaning device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma, which comprises an integrated plasma treatment system, an intelligent gas sampling and separation system with an adsorption column for separating the gas to be treated, a two-way air pump outlet connected to the gas inlet pipe of the intelligent gas sampling and separation system, an outlet of the intelligent gas sampling and separation system connected to the integrated plasma treatment system, and an outlet of the integrated plasma treatment system connected to the gas inlet of the integrated intelligent collection system.

[0009] Further, the intelligent gas sampling and separation system comprises a fixed column structure, a rudder is fixed, and the rudder is fixed in the shell, a motor is connected below the rudder, one side is connected with an STM32 control board, one side below the motor is a first layer adsorption separation cavity, the other side is a second layer adsorption separation cavity, the first layer adsorption separation cavity and the second layer adsorption separation cavity are separated by a switch connected with the rudder, one side of the second layer adsorption separation cavity is connected with a gas collection cavity, and a gas inlet pipe is arranged on the first layer adsorption separation cavity.

[0010] Further, the STM32 control board comprises a WiFi module, and the real-time detected data is transmitted and displayed.

[0011] Further, the plasma comprehensive treatment system comprises a three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor, a microsecond pulse power source drives the three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor to discharge, the microsecond pulse power source is connected with a rechargeable battery, one side of the plasma comprehensive treatment system is provided with a gas circulation valve, the plasma comprehensive treatment system is provided with a gas sensor, and the gas circulation valve and the gas sensor are connected with a second ARM controller.

[0012] Further, the three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor comprises an outer glass medium pipe and an inner glass medium pipe, both sides of the outer glass medium pipe are sealed by an outer seal of the three-electrode reactor, a brass capillary tube serving as an inner ground electrode is arranged in the inner glass medium pipe, a stainless steel spring is arranged between the outer glass medium pipe and the inner glass medium pipe, the stainless steel spring is connected with the microsecond pulse power source as a high-voltage electrode, and a stainless steel mesh serving as an outer ground electrode is wound outside the outer glass medium pipe.

[0013] Further, the rechargeable battery is provided with a voltage conversion module, and a solar panel and a wind power generator charge the rechargeable battery through the voltage conversion module 501.

[0014] Further, the plasma comprehensive treatment system is also provided with an external switch for controlling the opening and closing of the plasma comprehensive treatment system.

[0015] Further, the inner ground electrode, the outer ground electrode and the high-voltage electrode have the same length.

[0016] Further, the comprehensive intelligent collection system comprises a plurality of metal collectors, each of the metal collectors is connected through a second steering wheel, a flow pipe and a central controller, each of the second steering wheels is connected through a steering wheel controller and a second motor, and the comprehensive intelligent collection system further comprises an ARM control system, the ARM control system comprises a gas sensor, a buzzer alarm and a WIFI module, and the processed gas is detected and analyzed, and a signal is sent to the central controller 605 to open a second steering wheel corresponding to a metal collector after detection is completed.

[0017] 3. Beneficial effects:

[0018] The toilet gas self-cleaning device based on the three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma provided by the application is a self-cleaning system for cleaning greenhouse pollution gases such as methane and ammonia in an efficient and sustainable development toilet, and the three-electrode coaxial dielectric barrier discharge DBD discharge mode is applied to the removal process of the complex environment of a toilet based on low-temperature plasma technology, so that efficient conversion of pollution gases is realized under relatively mild conditions, and pollution caused by traditional physical and chemical methods to the environment is avoided. For toilets and other environments, an intelligent detection and separation system is designed, specific detection and identification are performed on the gas before it enters the plasma system, and a solar photovoltaic power supply capable of driving the plasma reaction system is developed; on this basis, an integrated large-scale efficient greenhouse gas conversion system is developed, the energy efficiency of the system is improved, and the cost of the reactor during operation is reduced. The system can realize a green and environmentally friendly working mode, and the economy of greenhouse gas conversion is improved. The related technology can be applied to greenhouse gas emission reduction, renewable energy consumption and chemical synthesis fields, and can be further popularized to the removal and utilization process of biogas and industrial pollution gases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a toilet gas self-cleaning device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma.

[0020] Figure 2 An internal schematic diagram of an intelligent gas sampling and separation system.

[0021] Figure 3 An overall schematic diagram of an intelligent gas sampling and separation system.

[0022] Figure 4 An internal schematic diagram of a plasma comprehensive treatment system.

[0023] Figure 5 An overall schematic diagram of a plasma comprehensive treatment system.

[0024] Figure 6 A sectional view of a three-electrode DBD reactor.

[0025] Figure 7is the logic diagram of the microsecond power module.

[0026] Figure 8 is the overhead schematic diagram of the comprehensive intelligent collection system.

[0027] Explanation of reference signs: 1. Solar light panel; 2. Wind power generator; 3. Bidirectional air suction pump; 4. Intelligent gas sampling and separation system; 401. Fixed column structure; 402. Rudder machine; 403. STM32 control board; 404. Motor; 405. Air inlet pipe; 406. First layer adsorption separation cavity; 407. Second layer adsorption separation cavity; 408. Gas collection cavity; 5. Plasma comprehensive treatment system; 501. Variable pressure module; 502. Gas sensor; 503. External switch; 504. Microsecond pulse power supply; 505. Three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor; 506. Rechargeable battery; 507. Gas flow valve; 51. External seal of three-electrode reactor; 52. Stainless steel spring; 53. Brass capillary; 54. Stainless steel mesh; 55. Inner layer glass medium pipe; 56. Outer layer glass medium pipe; 6. Comprehensive intelligent collection system; 601. Metal collector; 602. ARM control system; 603. Rudder machine controller; 604. Second motor; 605. Central control system; 606. Circulating air pipe; 7. Fixed column structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, a toilet gas self-cleaning device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma includes a plasma comprehensive treatment system 5, an intelligent gas sampling and separation system 4 with an adsorption column built-in for separating the gas to be treated, a bidirectional air suction pump 3 with an air outlet connected to the air inlet pipe 405 of the intelligent gas sampling and separation system 4, an air outlet of the intelligent gas sampling and separation system 4 connected to the plasma comprehensive treatment system 5, and an air outlet of the plasma comprehensive treatment system 5 connected to the air inlet of the comprehensive intelligent collection system 6.

[0030] The bidirectional suction pump 3 draws gas from the outside through the air inlet 405 into the intelligent gas sampling and separating system 4, which detects and analyzes the extracted gas, separates CH4, NH3 and other gases by using the built-in adsorption column, and opens the rudder switch when the sensor detects that the gas concentration reaches the standard before processing. The gas enters the plasma comprehensive treatment system 5. The plasma comprehensive treatment system 5 internally includes a power supply and a DBD reactor. The gas separated from the intelligent gas sampling and separating system 4 enters the DBD reactor, and the DBD reactor is driven by the power supply to convert the input 10v low voltage into high voltage output. The gas treated by the plasma comprehensive treatment system 5 enters the comprehensive intelligent collection system 6, which performs specific collection and emission.

[0031] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the internal schematic diagram of the intelligent gas sampling and separating system includes a fixed column structure 401, which mainly fixes the rudder 402 and fixes it in the shell. The length is 35 cm, and the material is stainless steel.

[0032] The STM32 control board 403 is the control system of the entire device, which controls the sensor and the rudder 402. When the gas sensor detects CH4, NH3 and other gases, it controls the rudder 402 and the motor 404 to open the switch, so that the gas enters the adsorption column of the second layer adsorption separation cavity 407 from the first layer adsorption separation cavity 406 to perform specific gas adsorption and separation. Its size is 10cm*12cm,

[0033] In one embodiment, the STM32 control board 403 integrates a gas sensor and a WiFi module to transmit and display real-time detection data.

[0034] In one embodiment, the rudder 402 is 11 cm long, 8 cm wide and 8 cm high. The air inlet pipe 405 is made of stainless steel and is 5 cm long,

[0035] The gas absorbed by the bidirectional suction pump 3 is introduced into the first layer adsorption separation cavity 406, which contains specific adsorption columns to simply adsorb and separate the gas. The shell is made of copper. When the appropriate concentration is detected, the motor 404 is opened to use the flow of gas to make the preliminarily separated gas enter the second layer adsorption cavity 407 for further separation and adsorption. After the treatment is completed, the gas will continue to enter the gas collection cavity 408 for temporary collection and storage. The 408 high-pressure storage tank is made of composite copper material, and finally waits for the control system to send instructions.

[0036] The plasma comprehensive treatment system 5, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the interior includes a three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor 505, a microsecond pulse power supply 504 drives the discharge of the three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor 505, the microsecond pulse power supply 504 and the rechargeable battery 506 are connected, one side of the plasma comprehensive treatment system 5 is provided with a gas flow valve 507, the plasma comprehensive treatment system 5 is provided with a gas sensor 502, and the gas flow valve 507 and the gas sensor 502 are connected with the second ARM controller.

[0037] The second ARM controller controls the gas flow valve 507 to open when the concentration reaches the passable gas concentration through the measurement of the gas sensor 502, and the stored gas to be treated in the previous system is passed into the three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor 505.

[0038] In one embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 6 The three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor 505 includes an outer glass medium tube 56 and an inner glass medium tube 55, the outer glass medium tube 56 is sealed on both sides by the outer seal 51 of the three-electrode reactor, the inner glass medium tube 55 is provided with a brass capillary tube 53 as an inner ground electrode, a stainless steel spring 52 is arranged between the outer glass medium tube 56 and the inner glass medium tube 55, the stainless steel spring 52 is connected with the microsecond pulse power supply 504 as a high-voltage electrode, and the outer glass medium tube 56 is wrapped with a stainless steel mesh 54 as an outer ground electrode.

[0039] The coaxial three-electrode DBD reactor, the addition of an auxiliary electrode to form a three-electrode DBD can reduce the starting voltage and produce more active particles, and compared with other methods, it can simply and conveniently realize the regulation and control of DBD electron energy and electron density, and has higher conversion efficiency in gas conversion.

[0040] The low-temperature plasma technology is applied to the treatment process of toilet waste gas, without adding a filter layer, reducing the requirements for equipment materials and reducing the use cost; compared with traditional gas treatment devices, the plasma reaction responds quickly, avoids the deactivation problem caused by high-temperature sintering and carbon deposition of the catalyst, and further reduces the energy input and operation cost.

[0041] In one embodiment, the stainless steel spring 52 has a wire diameter of 0.12 cm and an outer diameter of 1.8 cm, the brass capillary tube 53 has an inner diameter of 1.2 cm and an outer diameter of 1.3 cm, the outer glass medium tube 56 has an inner diameter of 2.3 cm and an outer diameter of 2.5 cm, and has a length of 24 cm, and the inner glass medium tube 55 has an inner diameter of 1.3 cm and an outer diameter of 1.5 cm, and has a length of 40 cm. The lengths of the inner and outer ground electrodes and the high-voltage electrode are consistent, and the electrode length x is set to be adjustable at 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 cm to study the influence of the discharge region length.

[0042] In one embodiment, the microsecond pulse power supply 504 drives the three-electrode reactor to discharge, and the operation logic of the microsecond power supply module is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0043] In one embodiment, the plasma integrated processing system 5 is further provided with an external switch 503 to control the opening and closing of the plasma integrated processing system 5 .

[0044] In one embodiment, a rechargeable battery 506 supplies power to the microsecond pulse power supply 504 , and the solar panels 1 and wind power generator 2 placed outside the toilet window and on the roof charge the rechargeable battery 506 through the transformer module 501 .

[0045] The integrated solar photovoltaic discharge-driven plasma gas treatment and comprehensive energy utilization system utilizes photovoltaic power generation to supply system gas power equipment and plasma gas treatment equipment. A solar photovoltaic power generation inverter automatically switches between two operating modes: solar panel-driven and battery-driven loads, improving energy efficiency. A wind power generation system has also been added to power the equipment when sufficient wind energy is available.

[0046] In one embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, the integrated intelligent collection system 6 includes: an ARM control system 602 , a steering gear controller 603 , a second motor 604 , a central control system 605 , a circulation air pipe 606 , and multiple metal collectors 601 .

[0047] The ARM control system 602 includes a gas sensor, a buzzer alarm, and a WIFI module, which enables interconnection with PCs and mobile phones, laying the foundation for subsequent connection to the smart home system.

[0048] The treated gas is tested and analyzed. Once the test is complete, a signal is sent to the central controller 605 to activate the second servo, collecting the product into the metal collector 601, which is made of composite steel. The central controller 605 is primarily composed of a CNC chip and contains multiple small second servos. These control the multiple second servos and activate the access switch of the metal collector 601.

[0049] The present invention uses the Internet of Things and embedded technology to combine the intelligent control sensor system and the plasma reactor, and reasonably performs segmented, refined, separated and monitored processing at each processing stage, laying the foundation for subsequent connection to the smart home system.

[0050] The present invention designs a highly practical and miniaturized plasma source, uses microsecond pulse power technology to achieve miniaturization of the power supply, and uses solar energy for power supply, which is well applied to driving a small plasma reactor.

[0051] The application has a wider application range, is not limited to conversion under single gas or condition, different gases can be introduced into the system for treatment, and can be applied to many complex fields. Meanwhile, the Internet of Things and embedded technology are used, the intelligent control sensing system and the plasma reactor are combined, and a foundation is laid for subsequent connection into an intelligent home system.

Claims

1. A toilet gas self-purification device based on a three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma, comprising a plasma integrated treatment system (5), characterized in that: The intelligent gas sampling and separation system (4) has a built-in adsorption column for separating the gas to be processed. The air outlet of the bidirectional suction pump (3) is connected to the air inlet pipe (405) of the intelligent gas sampling and separation system (4). The air outlet of the intelligent gas sampling and separation system (4) is connected to the plasma integrated processing system (5). The air outlet of the plasma integrated processing system (5) is connected to the air inlet of the integrated intelligent collection system (6). The plasma integrated processing system (5) includes a three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor (505) inside. A microsecond pulse power supply (504) drives the three-electrode coaxial DBD reactor (505) to discharge. The polar coaxial DBD reactor (505) includes an outer glass dielectric tube (56) and an inner glass dielectric tube (55), wherein both sides of the outer glass dielectric tube (56) are sealed by an external sealer (51) of the three-electrode reactor, and a brass capillary (53) serving as an inner ground electrode is provided inside the inner glass dielectric tube (55), a stainless steel spring (52) is provided between the outer glass dielectric tube (56) and the inner glass dielectric tube (55), and the stainless steel spring (52) is connected to a microsecond pulse power supply (504) as a high-voltage electrode, and a stainless steel metal mesh (54) serving as an outer ground electrode is wound around the outer glass dielectric tube (56).

2. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent gas sampling and separation system (4) includes a fixed column structure (401) for fixing a steering gear (402) to a housing. The steering gear (402) is connected to a motor (404) below and is connected to an STM32 control board (403) on one side. One side below the motor (404) is a first-layer adsorption and separation chamber (406), and the other side is a second-layer adsorption and separation chamber (407). The first-layer adsorption and separation chamber (406) and the second-layer adsorption and separation chamber (407) are separated by a switch connected to the steering gear (402). One side of the second-layer adsorption and separation chamber (407) is connected to a gas collection chamber (408). The first-layer adsorption and separation chamber (406) is provided with an air inlet pipe (405), and the gas collection chamber (408) is provided with an air outlet.

3. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 2, characterized in that: The STM32 control board (403) contains a WiFi module for transmitting and displaying the real-time detected data.

4. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microsecond pulse power supply (504) is connected to a rechargeable battery (506), a gas circulation valve (507) is provided on one side of the plasma integrated processing system (5), a gas sensor (502) is provided in the plasma integrated processing system (5), and the gas circulation valve (507) and the gas sensor (502) are both connected to a second ARM controller.

5. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rechargeable battery (506) is provided with a voltage transformation module (501), and the solar panel (1) and the wind power generator (2) charge the rechargeable battery (506) through the voltage transformation module (501).

6. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plasma integrated processing system (5) is also provided with an external switch (503) for controlling the opening and closing of the plasma integrated processing system (5).

7. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ground electrode, the outer ground electrode and the high voltage electrode are of the same length.

8. The toilet gas self-purification device based on three-electrode coaxial DBD plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated intelligent collection system (6) includes a plurality of metal collectors (601), each of the metal collectors (601) is connected via a second servo, a circulation air pipe (606) and a central controller (605), each of the second servo is connected via a servo controller (603) and a second motor (604), and further includes an ARM control system (602), wherein the ARM control system (602) includes a gas sensor, a buzzer alarm, and a WIFI module, and detects and analyzes the processed gas. When the detection is completed, a signal is sent to the central controller (605) to turn on the second servo corresponding to the metal collector (601).

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